Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Brian E Kennedy-Arenivar, LMHC, LPC-S, Counselor
Brian E Kennedy-Arenivar
Counselor, LMHC, LPC-S
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
Are you tired of finding yourself caught in the same patterns? Are you searching for more meaning to your life? Or, maybe you have experienced a life transition that has contributed to feelings of sadness, worry, or loneliness. Your life experiences do not have to define who you are. We all have wounds, sometimes we need help finding a new path forward to live a more fulfilling life. I will provide you with a safe space to begin your journey to healing. I listen without judgement and I will work with you to find new ways to balance your inner and outer world.
Are you tired of finding yourself caught in the same patterns? Are you searching for more meaning to your life? Or, maybe you have experienced a life transition that has contributed to feelings of sadness, worry, or loneliness. Your life experiences do not have to define who you are. We all have wounds, sometimes we need help finding a new path forward to live a more fulfilling life. I will provide you with a safe space to begin your journey to healing. I listen without judgement and I will work with you to find new ways to balance your inner and outer world.
(332) 263-3841 View (332) 263-3841
Photo of Amy Wilder, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Wilder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
New York, NY 10034  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you a resilient person who is struggling? Have you lived through a traumatic event or childhood, and find yourself frequently stuck in self-destructive patterns and relationships? Or do you help others for a living and often feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed and just plain burnt out? Are you in the midst of a significant life transition or loss and not sure what to do next? Finding confidence in your own voice and abilities, and clarity about your own needs can be difficult when you've been through extremely stressful experiences. I'm here to guide you back to yourself and help you reach your goals.
Are you a resilient person who is struggling? Have you lived through a traumatic event or childhood, and find yourself frequently stuck in self-destructive patterns and relationships? Or do you help others for a living and often feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed and just plain burnt out? Are you in the midst of a significant life transition or loss and not sure what to do next? Finding confidence in your own voice and abilities, and clarity about your own needs can be difficult when you've been through extremely stressful experiences. I'm here to guide you back to yourself and help you reach your goals.
(347) 491-7737 View (347) 491-7737
Photo of Jean Weille, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jean Weille
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
Do people tell you that you worry too much, or you seem "down"? Are you feeling stressed by relationship problems, job/school issues, illness, age-related concerns, environmental or social justice concerns, or other issues? Perhaps you spend so much time caring for others that it feels impossible to find the time to take care of yourself. Or you are a parent struggling with your relationship with your adolescent or adult child. No matter what challenges you are facing, you are welcome here. This is a safe space where we can work together to help you feel better and become more satisfied with your life.
Do people tell you that you worry too much, or you seem "down"? Are you feeling stressed by relationship problems, job/school issues, illness, age-related concerns, environmental or social justice concerns, or other issues? Perhaps you spend so much time caring for others that it feels impossible to find the time to take care of yourself. Or you are a parent struggling with your relationship with your adolescent or adult child. No matter what challenges you are facing, you are welcome here. This is a safe space where we can work together to help you feel better and become more satisfied with your life.
(347) 427-9152 View (347) 427-9152
Photo of Erin Oaster, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erin Oaster
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10021  (Online Only)
My name is Erin Oaster. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in New York State. I am committed to a collaborative approach and to fostering healthy relationships for my clients both with themselves and others. I have experience working with children, teens, college students, young adults, and adults. I am able to provide individual, couples, and family therapy. My interests are in helping my clients navigate concerns such as anxiety, depression, relationship stress, family conflict, trauma, grief, life transitions, or just feeling stuck.
My name is Erin Oaster. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in New York State. I am committed to a collaborative approach and to fostering healthy relationships for my clients both with themselves and others. I have experience working with children, teens, college students, young adults, and adults. I am able to provide individual, couples, and family therapy. My interests are in helping my clients navigate concerns such as anxiety, depression, relationship stress, family conflict, trauma, grief, life transitions, or just feeling stuck.
(718) 285-9771 View (718) 285-9771
Photo of Mary A Duhon, LCSW, R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary A Duhon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
People who feel anxious, depressed or just lonely make major improvements in their lives, careers and relationships, working with me to understand the issues which cause their distress. Working with depressive disorder, anxiety, relationship problems, career problems, and substance abuse my services include individual psychotherapy, group and couples work. As a licensed psychotherapist, I received my MSW from Columbia University and received analytic training at Washington Square Institute and The Center for the Advancement of Group Analytic Studies. Prior to becoming a psychotherapist I had a career as a Marketing Executive which makes me well qualified to work with professionals struggling with career advancement issues.
People who feel anxious, depressed or just lonely make major improvements in their lives, careers and relationships, working with me to understand the issues which cause their distress. Working with depressive disorder, anxiety, relationship problems, career problems, and substance abuse my services include individual psychotherapy, group and couples work. As a licensed psychotherapist, I received my MSW from Columbia University and received analytic training at Washington Square Institute and The Center for the Advancement of Group Analytic Studies. Prior to becoming a psychotherapist I had a career as a Marketing Executive which makes me well qualified to work with professionals struggling with career advancement issues.
(646) 360-0931 View (646) 360-0931
Semra Coskuntuna
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Are your problems coming from yourself or from the difficult conditions surrounding you? Probably from both. My approach to therapy is to try to understand life specifics in order to deal with such problems as depression, anxiety, low self -esteem, addiction, and unhealthy attachments and relationships.
Are your problems coming from yourself or from the difficult conditions surrounding you? Probably from both. My approach to therapy is to try to understand life specifics in order to deal with such problems as depression, anxiety, low self -esteem, addiction, and unhealthy attachments and relationships.
(646) 699-3959 View (646) 699-3959
Photo of Beth Krone, PhD, Psychologist
Beth Krone
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Dr. Krone has highly specialized skills in diagnostic, cognitive, psycho-educational, and neuropsychological assessment. She is a skilled provider of evidence based and empirically supported therapies for children, adolescents, and adults who are adjusting to new diagnoses and chronic physical or mental health issues. For more than a decade, her work has focused on disorders in context of ADHD. She has helped hundreds of families learn to understand their 'new normal' in the face of life-changing diagnoses, manage their present situations, and develop skills to shape a better future and live to their fullest potential.
Dr. Krone has highly specialized skills in diagnostic, cognitive, psycho-educational, and neuropsychological assessment. She is a skilled provider of evidence based and empirically supported therapies for children, adolescents, and adults who are adjusting to new diagnoses and chronic physical or mental health issues. For more than a decade, her work has focused on disorders in context of ADHD. She has helped hundreds of families learn to understand their 'new normal' in the face of life-changing diagnoses, manage their present situations, and develop skills to shape a better future and live to their fullest potential.
(917) 540-5007 View (917) 540-5007
Photo of Suhailey Nunez, LMHC
Suhailey Nunez
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
As a therapist, I have experience working with diverse populations and in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, chemical dependency treatment centers, behavioral clinics, and universities. I take an integrative approach to therapy, utilizing techniques from different theoretical orientations – especially psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy – to best suit your unique needs. I fully believes in every individual’s ability to heal from traumas and access untapped strength that can aid in overcoming adversities.
As a therapist, I have experience working with diverse populations and in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, chemical dependency treatment centers, behavioral clinics, and universities. I take an integrative approach to therapy, utilizing techniques from different theoretical orientations – especially psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral therapy – to best suit your unique needs. I fully believes in every individual’s ability to heal from traumas and access untapped strength that can aid in overcoming adversities.
(929) 348-2367 View (929) 348-2367
Photo of Emilia Shapiro, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emilia Shapiro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10007  (Online Only)
It's getting more and more difficult to resist your compulsions. You're getting upset with yourself for not having enough "willpower." You're having frightening thoughts about yourself and others. Thoughts that scare you or contradict your values and who you are as a person. You experience self-hate every time you give into a compulsion. You're exhausted by your own mental and/or physical compulsions. You struggle to trust yourself and often experience shame surrounding your thoughts. You keep it all to yourself because you fear that others will judge you or betray you. Simultaneously, you need emotional support more than ever.
It's getting more and more difficult to resist your compulsions. You're getting upset with yourself for not having enough "willpower." You're having frightening thoughts about yourself and others. Thoughts that scare you or contradict your values and who you are as a person. You experience self-hate every time you give into a compulsion. You're exhausted by your own mental and/or physical compulsions. You struggle to trust yourself and often experience shame surrounding your thoughts. You keep it all to yourself because you fear that others will judge you or betray you. Simultaneously, you need emotional support more than ever.
(929) 560-0976 View (929) 560-0976
Photo of Shira Lahav, MA, RDT, LCAT, LP, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Shira Lahav
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MA, RDT, LCAT, LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10017
My focus in treatment is to understand you as a whole person, to uncover with you your deepest desires, aversions and patterns of behavior that may be holding you back. In a welcoming and non-judgmental environment, you will discover who you are and what you authentically desire. Through the therapeutic process, you will be enabled to lead a more meaningful life and to establish more fulfilling relationships with healthier communication skills. We will work together to identify problems and solutions, and to help you be more effective overall in making decisions and reaching your goals.
My focus in treatment is to understand you as a whole person, to uncover with you your deepest desires, aversions and patterns of behavior that may be holding you back. In a welcoming and non-judgmental environment, you will discover who you are and what you authentically desire. Through the therapeutic process, you will be enabled to lead a more meaningful life and to establish more fulfilling relationships with healthier communication skills. We will work together to identify problems and solutions, and to help you be more effective overall in making decisions and reaching your goals.
(646) 681-6195 View (646) 681-6195
Photo of Angi Giulia Kenworthy, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angi Giulia Kenworthy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Do you feel stuck and unsure about how to make certain changes in your life? Maybe you don't even know what changes you want to make, you just feel blah. Whatever it is that you're feeling, I’m in your corner, and I’m here to help you explore it. As a therapist with my master's in social work from NYU, I am dedicated to using evidence-based practices to meet your individual needs. Together, we will explore your personal experiences, family dynamics, environment, and interpersonal relationships to gain a better understanding of your emotions and behavior.
Do you feel stuck and unsure about how to make certain changes in your life? Maybe you don't even know what changes you want to make, you just feel blah. Whatever it is that you're feeling, I’m in your corner, and I’m here to help you explore it. As a therapist with my master's in social work from NYU, I am dedicated to using evidence-based practices to meet your individual needs. Together, we will explore your personal experiences, family dynamics, environment, and interpersonal relationships to gain a better understanding of your emotions and behavior.
(646) 687-7358 View (646) 687-7358
Photo of Dr. Kristina Jackson, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Kristina Jackson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10018  (Online Only)
I have a commitment to utilizing culturally affirming and client centered treatment approaches. I strive to foster a safe space to openly discuss life stressors and support my clients in developing healthier and more satisfying relationships with others and most importantly with oneself. I value the benefits of a collaborative process, particularly in setting attainable goals and working at pace fitting to each individual client.
I have a commitment to utilizing culturally affirming and client centered treatment approaches. I strive to foster a safe space to openly discuss life stressors and support my clients in developing healthier and more satisfying relationships with others and most importantly with oneself. I value the benefits of a collaborative process, particularly in setting attainable goals and working at pace fitting to each individual client.
(914) 350-4183 View (914) 350-4183
Photo of Veneta Hoxha, LMSW
Veneta Hoxha
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10036  (Online Only)
I am a bilingual first-generation American born to Albanian parents and a licensed psychotherapist in New York and New Jersey. I am a graduate of the Silberman School of Social Work and completed my undergraduate degree specializing in developmental psychology. My professional journey has revolved around psychology-related fields, including a managerial role in an outpatient mental health group practice. I have experience working with teenagers and young adult first generation individuals and immigrants of various cultures in exploring bicultural identity, assimilation, generational trauma, and the effects on mental health.
I am a bilingual first-generation American born to Albanian parents and a licensed psychotherapist in New York and New Jersey. I am a graduate of the Silberman School of Social Work and completed my undergraduate degree specializing in developmental psychology. My professional journey has revolved around psychology-related fields, including a managerial role in an outpatient mental health group practice. I have experience working with teenagers and young adult first generation individuals and immigrants of various cultures in exploring bicultural identity, assimilation, generational trauma, and the effects on mental health.
(929) 492-4083 x711 View (929) 492-4083 x711
Photo of Patrick Walsh, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patrick Walsh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I offer a safe and creative space to nurture your growth. We often work against our emotional selves when trying to accomplish our goals. But you can align your feelings, values and actions to overcome the self-defeating patterns and false assumptions that undermine success. I support clients in developing and realizing their motivation for change at the pace and in the direction of their choosing. In session you will find a warm, thoughtful and considered presence as you take your next steps.
I offer a safe and creative space to nurture your growth. We often work against our emotional selves when trying to accomplish our goals. But you can align your feelings, values and actions to overcome the self-defeating patterns and false assumptions that undermine success. I support clients in developing and realizing their motivation for change at the pace and in the direction of their choosing. In session you will find a warm, thoughtful and considered presence as you take your next steps.
(646) 846-8530 View (646) 846-8530
Photo of Meredith McCloy, MA, EdM, MHC-LP
Meredith McCloy
MA, EdM, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
Are you exploring your relationship to gender, sexuality, or ways of being in relationship to yourself and others? Do you find yourself feeling disconnected or “othered” by your unique ways of, and desire to, show up or engage in this world? Are you interested in feeling more attuned to your unique body-mind and embodying a more genuine, compassionate, and authentic self? If you answered yes to any of those questions, we may work really well together! My name is Meredith and I am a queer, nonbinary, and neurodivergent therapist.
Are you exploring your relationship to gender, sexuality, or ways of being in relationship to yourself and others? Do you find yourself feeling disconnected or “othered” by your unique ways of, and desire to, show up or engage in this world? Are you interested in feeling more attuned to your unique body-mind and embodying a more genuine, compassionate, and authentic self? If you answered yes to any of those questions, we may work really well together! My name is Meredith and I am a queer, nonbinary, and neurodivergent therapist.
(332) 239-2747 View (332) 239-2747
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10012
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Stephanie Cornwell, Pre-Licensed Professional
Stephanie Cornwell
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
“We are all just walking each other home.” This quote beautifully sums up my role as a therapist––to guide you on your journey through self-exploration. This work requires trust; I offer unconditional support and genuine care from the moment we meet. My goal is to make you feel seen, understood, and connected. I'm excited to do the work with you! I see clients holistically, within the context of their upbringing, acknowledging the influence of culture, family dynamics, and relationships on their worldview.
“We are all just walking each other home.” This quote beautifully sums up my role as a therapist––to guide you on your journey through self-exploration. This work requires trust; I offer unconditional support and genuine care from the moment we meet. My goal is to make you feel seen, understood, and connected. I'm excited to do the work with you! I see clients holistically, within the context of their upbringing, acknowledging the influence of culture, family dynamics, and relationships on their worldview.
(646) 212-1935 View (646) 212-1935
Photo of Rosemarie Kurtz, PhD, Psychologist
Rosemarie Kurtz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014
Dr. Rosemarie Kurtz is a neuropsychologist specializing in comprehensive assessments for clients with vulnerabilities impacting their functioning at school, home, work, and/or social settings. After earning her doctorate at Columbia University, she completed a fellowship at Northwell Health. In so, she has experience working with children, young adults, and their families at multiple academic medical centers, schools, and community clinics. She has extensive experience assessing ADHD, autism, learning differences, language disorders, intellectual challenges, and the emotional and behavioral difficulties that often accompany these.
Dr. Rosemarie Kurtz is a neuropsychologist specializing in comprehensive assessments for clients with vulnerabilities impacting their functioning at school, home, work, and/or social settings. After earning her doctorate at Columbia University, she completed a fellowship at Northwell Health. In so, she has experience working with children, young adults, and their families at multiple academic medical centers, schools, and community clinics. She has extensive experience assessing ADHD, autism, learning differences, language disorders, intellectual challenges, and the emotional and behavioral difficulties that often accompany these.
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Photo of Kaitlin Newlin-Wagner, LMHC, CGCS, CSTS, Counselor
Kaitlin Newlin-Wagner
Counselor, LMHC, CGCS, CSTS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024  (Online Only)
Progress in therapy can help you achieve deeper insight, experience a closer connection to your sense of meaning and purpose, or initiate meaningful change in your life. Therapy is a collaborative process which allows us to navigate through your experience, explore and process difficult thoughts and emotions, and ultimately develop better ways of expressing yourself and managing life stressors.
Progress in therapy can help you achieve deeper insight, experience a closer connection to your sense of meaning and purpose, or initiate meaningful change in your life. Therapy is a collaborative process which allows us to navigate through your experience, explore and process difficult thoughts and emotions, and ultimately develop better ways of expressing yourself and managing life stressors.
(929) 203-3681 View (929) 203-3681
Photo of Magamet R. Borlakov - MindPsych NYC, PhD, Psychologist
MindPsych NYC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
When you do your best, do you still beat yourself up for not being perfect? If something goes wrong, do you immediately assume it’s your fault? Perhaps despite being accomplished and driven, you worry your real self will never measure up and you're always on the lookout for rejection? Maybe you just can't shake that need to "fix" everything and take care of everyone, leaving no time to care for yourself. Do you feel sleep is something other people do while you worry about everything? Are you just plain tired of never feeling good enough?
When you do your best, do you still beat yourself up for not being perfect? If something goes wrong, do you immediately assume it’s your fault? Perhaps despite being accomplished and driven, you worry your real self will never measure up and you're always on the lookout for rejection? Maybe you just can't shake that need to "fix" everything and take care of everyone, leaving no time to care for yourself. Do you feel sleep is something other people do while you worry about everything? Are you just plain tired of never feeling good enough?
(646) 760-7185 View (646) 760-7185
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
62% Cigna and Evernorth
59% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

57% In Person and Online
43% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.