Therapists in Alexandria, VA

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Photo of Christy Heyn, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Christy Heyn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Therapy is a space to develop strengths and resources, as well as examine problems and pain. Clients work on both their strengths and struggles in my practice. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with twelve years of experience working in a variety of settings within the mental health field to include residential/educational programs for at-risk adolescents and in private practice working with individuals and families facing so many of life's challenges. I believe in working together to address the distress you're experiencing (depression, anxiety, trauma, or inter-personal issues) and to build resilience and restore hope.
Therapy is a space to develop strengths and resources, as well as examine problems and pain. Clients work on both their strengths and struggles in my practice. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with twelve years of experience working in a variety of settings within the mental health field to include residential/educational programs for at-risk adolescents and in private practice working with individuals and families facing so many of life's challenges. I believe in working together to address the distress you're experiencing (depression, anxiety, trauma, or inter-personal issues) and to build resilience and restore hope.
(540) 845-6940 View (540) 845-6940
Photo of Faith Brosnan, MSW
Faith Brosnan
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22311
Hi there! I work for Kinetic Medical Group, a nurse practitioner-owned company that provides a variety of services to the elderly population in the DMV area. I currently work with geriatric patients in Virginia, who are struggling with adjustment challenges, anxiety, depression and various other mental health issues. We know that mental health is deeply intertwined with one's physical well-being, social support, and environmental influences and we are here to help!
Hi there! I work for Kinetic Medical Group, a nurse practitioner-owned company that provides a variety of services to the elderly population in the DMV area. I currently work with geriatric patients in Virginia, who are struggling with adjustment challenges, anxiety, depression and various other mental health issues. We know that mental health is deeply intertwined with one's physical well-being, social support, and environmental influences and we are here to help!
(240) 290-4643 View (240) 290-4643
Photo of Suzanne Cooper, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Suzanne Cooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304  (Online Only)
Hi there! I’m Suzanne, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who provides telehealth therapy to individuals across Virginia and Indiana. I help people pleasers and trauma survivors move from self-criticism to self-compassion for more meaningful living. For many clients, the pain they experience might stem from past trauma, growing up in homes impacted by addiction, codependency, emotional neglect, invalidation, or loss.
Hi there! I’m Suzanne, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who provides telehealth therapy to individuals across Virginia and Indiana. I help people pleasers and trauma survivors move from self-criticism to self-compassion for more meaningful living. For many clients, the pain they experience might stem from past trauma, growing up in homes impacted by addiction, codependency, emotional neglect, invalidation, or loss.
(571) 946-6740 View (571) 946-6740
Photo of Lori Ward, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lori Ward
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22315  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with clients ages 18+. I have received special training working with individuals struggling with changing problematic behaviors, cycles, and thoughts. I also work with clients struggling with challenging issues such as Anxiety and Depression. I go beyond traditional "talk therapy". My goal as your therapist is to teach you the tools you need to create the change you are looking for. This includes providing the knowledge to maintain the progress you make during therapy and the confidence to face any obstacles after therapy.
I enjoy working with clients ages 18+. I have received special training working with individuals struggling with changing problematic behaviors, cycles, and thoughts. I also work with clients struggling with challenging issues such as Anxiety and Depression. I go beyond traditional "talk therapy". My goal as your therapist is to teach you the tools you need to create the change you are looking for. This includes providing the knowledge to maintain the progress you make during therapy and the confidence to face any obstacles after therapy.
(703) 643-4544 View (703) 643-4544
Photo of Aaron Whitehead - Pearl Vitality Counseling, LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pearl Vitality Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304
Aaron Whitehead is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with an extensive counseling background in the community and private practice sector. Aaron received his Bachelor's degree from James Madison University and obtained his Masters Degree from George Mason University. Aaron has been provided mental health services in the Northern VA area for over 12 years.
Aaron Whitehead is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with an extensive counseling background in the community and private practice sector. Aaron received his Bachelor's degree from James Madison University and obtained his Masters Degree from George Mason University. Aaron has been provided mental health services in the Northern VA area for over 12 years.
(571) 336-0974 View (571) 336-0974
Photo of LaRay Imani Price - Women's InnerFitness and Wellness Ctr, PhD, PsyD, LCSW-C, LCPC, MSW, Counselor
Women's InnerFitness and Wellness Ctr
Counselor, PhD, PsyD, LCSW-C, LCPC, MSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22301  (Online Only)
You've been carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders, feeling the strain of emotional turmoil and the relentless demands of life. The stress, the anxiety, and the sadness seem almost too much to bear. But you don't have to face it alone. We see and hear you at Women's InnerFitness & Wellness Center, LLC. Our compassionate team of mental health professionals is here to help you navigate the stormy waters of your emotions and find a safe harbor. Rediscover your inner strength and experience the transformative power of expert psychological care.
You've been carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders, feeling the strain of emotional turmoil and the relentless demands of life. The stress, the anxiety, and the sadness seem almost too much to bear. But you don't have to face it alone. We see and hear you at Women's InnerFitness & Wellness Center, LLC. Our compassionate team of mental health professionals is here to help you navigate the stormy waters of your emotions and find a safe harbor. Rediscover your inner strength and experience the transformative power of expert psychological care.
(571) 609-5728 View (571) 609-5728
Photo of Lauren Fisher, PsyD, Psychologist
Lauren Fisher
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22301
Are you feeling stuck in your life? Is your depression, anxiety, or trauma symptoms not changing despite taking various medications or attending years of talk therapy? Interested in an alternative therapy like psychedelic assisted psychotherapy? If you are looking for a more holistic orientation that incorporates the mind, body, and spirit, with somatic based ketamine assisted psychotherapy, then I may be a good fit for you. My goal is to help people achieve their desired level of wellbeing by helping them to heal quicker and to break through through barriers that prevent them from living fully.
Are you feeling stuck in your life? Is your depression, anxiety, or trauma symptoms not changing despite taking various medications or attending years of talk therapy? Interested in an alternative therapy like psychedelic assisted psychotherapy? If you are looking for a more holistic orientation that incorporates the mind, body, and spirit, with somatic based ketamine assisted psychotherapy, then I may be a good fit for you. My goal is to help people achieve their desired level of wellbeing by helping them to heal quicker and to break through through barriers that prevent them from living fully.
(703) 957-7764 View (703) 957-7764
Photo of Mari J Itzkowitz, LCSW, TAC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mari J Itzkowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, TAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22306
Everyone experiences loss. Seldom do we allow ourselves to fully experience loss or it's impact. When someone dies, we change jobs, or even have a child, there is loss. When we choose to address these losses, past or present, we can begin to heal, and with healing comes unlimited possibility. I work with families/individuals/children and the impact family dynamics have on their lives; adoptees and their families as they deal their losses; bereaved individuals and groups after the death of a loved one; transitional loss and role adjustment included "empty nest"; corporate downsizing; career counseling; and relationship issues.
Everyone experiences loss. Seldom do we allow ourselves to fully experience loss or it's impact. When someone dies, we change jobs, or even have a child, there is loss. When we choose to address these losses, past or present, we can begin to heal, and with healing comes unlimited possibility. I work with families/individuals/children and the impact family dynamics have on their lives; adoptees and their families as they deal their losses; bereaved individuals and groups after the death of a loved one; transitional loss and role adjustment included "empty nest"; corporate downsizing; career counseling; and relationship issues.
(703) 468-8884 View (703) 468-8884
Photo of Healthy Minds - Healthy Minds Therapy
Healthy Minds Therapy
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Accepting NEW patients! for MEDS management AND therapy! Our mission at Healthy Minds Therapy is inspiring thriving, healthier communities by making therapy modern and accessible. Dedicated to wellness and mental wealth. We help anxious individuals, provide relief for discouraged parents and help distant couples get connected. We provide individual therapy across the lifespan. As well as couples and family therapy. We also offer group therapy! There is something for everybody. Healthier days are here! Serving VA, MD, & DC!
Accepting NEW patients! for MEDS management AND therapy! Our mission at Healthy Minds Therapy is inspiring thriving, healthier communities by making therapy modern and accessible. Dedicated to wellness and mental wealth. We help anxious individuals, provide relief for discouraged parents and help distant couples get connected. We provide individual therapy across the lifespan. As well as couples and family therapy. We also offer group therapy! There is something for everybody. Healthier days are here! Serving VA, MD, & DC!
(540) 215-8569 x1 View (540) 215-8569 x1
Photo of Lane Smith, MA, LGPC
Lane Smith
Resident in Counseling, MA, LGPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22311
Waitlist for new clients
‘What’s your story?’ I ask because the stories we tell ourselves and about ourselves can offer tremendous insight. Narrative counselors like myself explore client stories for behaviors, expectations, perceptions, and values which fail to align in effective ways. We believe these incongruences are responsible (both directly and indirectly) for the miseries and hardships that prompt therapy. The work of therapy involves deconstructing what doesn’t make sense and reimagining what remains. I enjoy working with anyone whose story feels ‘stuck’ and wishes to reimagine themselves anew.
‘What’s your story?’ I ask because the stories we tell ourselves and about ourselves can offer tremendous insight. Narrative counselors like myself explore client stories for behaviors, expectations, perceptions, and values which fail to align in effective ways. We believe these incongruences are responsible (both directly and indirectly) for the miseries and hardships that prompt therapy. The work of therapy involves deconstructing what doesn’t make sense and reimagining what remains. I enjoy working with anyone whose story feels ‘stuck’ and wishes to reimagine themselves anew.
(703) 546-9248 View (703) 546-9248
Photo of Heather Sullivan, LCSW-C, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Every one of us has faced adversity that has changed how we think about ourselves and how we interact with the world. Those events can shatter our sense of self and safety, but it is possible to reach post-traumatic growth and a more centered, grounded state of being. Post-traumatic growth does not mean that we ignore the trauma or downplay its impact, but it can enable us to forge a deeper connection to others and gain a greater appreciation for life. I sincerely believe it isn’t what is wrong with you but what happened to you.
Every one of us has faced adversity that has changed how we think about ourselves and how we interact with the world. Those events can shatter our sense of self and safety, but it is possible to reach post-traumatic growth and a more centered, grounded state of being. Post-traumatic growth does not mean that we ignore the trauma or downplay its impact, but it can enable us to forge a deeper connection to others and gain a greater appreciation for life. I sincerely believe it isn’t what is wrong with you but what happened to you.
(571) 322-8896 View (571) 322-8896
Photo of Mark A Boothe, LICSW, LCSW, SAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mark A Boothe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, SAP
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Our life journey is challenging with unanticipated twists, turns, bumps and detours. How we choose to navigate these challenges will profoundly impact our ability to live a healthier, happier, and emotionally stable life.
Our life journey is challenging with unanticipated twists, turns, bumps and detours. How we choose to navigate these challenges will profoundly impact our ability to live a healthier, happier, and emotionally stable life.
(202) 796-7470 View (202) 796-7470
Photo of Kristen Brown, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristen Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
I reconnect my clients with their innermost authentic selves through building self esteem, healthier relationships, and a renewed passion for life and their purpose. In order to change and grow, we all need psychological mirrors to access the insights within us. In these mirrors we find our patterns, the pain we're holding onto, the changes that need to happen, and often the next steps to take in our path. Therapy is a powerful psychological mirror, as are journaling, bodywork, and creative practices.
I reconnect my clients with their innermost authentic selves through building self esteem, healthier relationships, and a renewed passion for life and their purpose. In order to change and grow, we all need psychological mirrors to access the insights within us. In these mirrors we find our patterns, the pain we're holding onto, the changes that need to happen, and often the next steps to take in our path. Therapy is a powerful psychological mirror, as are journaling, bodywork, and creative practices.
(844) 230-7650 View (844) 230-7650
Photo of Dr. Ana Garcia - Anchor Clinical Psychology (Anchor C.P.), PhD, Psychologist
Anchor Clinical Psychology (Anchor C.P.)
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Waitlist for new clients
Are you currently facing challenges in navigating the complexities of life? Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, trauma, social and medical stressors, and a loss of joy in activities that used to bring you happiness? As a human being, you face challenges in life and may begin to feel stuck at times. In such circumstances, taking the proactive step of exploring therapy can serve as a transformative catalyst for positive change in your life. By seeking professional guidance, you can gain valuable insights, develop coping strategies, and cultivate a greater sense of self-awareness.
Are you currently facing challenges in navigating the complexities of life? Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, trauma, social and medical stressors, and a loss of joy in activities that used to bring you happiness? As a human being, you face challenges in life and may begin to feel stuck at times. In such circumstances, taking the proactive step of exploring therapy can serve as a transformative catalyst for positive change in your life. By seeking professional guidance, you can gain valuable insights, develop coping strategies, and cultivate a greater sense of self-awareness.
(703) 273-5029 View (703) 273-5029
Photo of Rachel Mae Synden, BA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Rachel Mae Synden
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Hello, I’m Rachel. I aim for you to feel safe by having space to process, empowered by having support, and feel validated by having someone to listen to your story. My number one priority is that you feel nurtured and safe in sessions. I prioritize inclusivity, striving to ensure that every individual, including LGBTQIA+ clients, feel valued and respected.
Hello, I’m Rachel. I aim for you to feel safe by having space to process, empowered by having support, and feel validated by having someone to listen to your story. My number one priority is that you feel nurtured and safe in sessions. I prioritize inclusivity, striving to ensure that every individual, including LGBTQIA+ clients, feel valued and respected.
(571) 540-7382 View (571) 540-7382
Photo of Cherie Taylor, LCPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cherie Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Congratulations on making a commitment to invest in your growth and positive life changes! Therapy isn't always easy, but if you are willing to do the work, I can provide the tools needed to help you be your best self. I have dedicated my professional career to helping people help themselves through life's biggest challenges. I have experience working with teens and adults in obtaining and maintaining every facet of healthy living. I adhere to a strengths-based, CBT approach that is client-centered and solution-focused.
Congratulations on making a commitment to invest in your growth and positive life changes! Therapy isn't always easy, but if you are willing to do the work, I can provide the tools needed to help you be your best self. I have dedicated my professional career to helping people help themselves through life's biggest challenges. I have experience working with teens and adults in obtaining and maintaining every facet of healthy living. I adhere to a strengths-based, CBT approach that is client-centered and solution-focused.
(571) 496-9740 View (571) 496-9740
Photo of Alycia Burant, MA, LPC, NCC, CMHIMP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alycia Burant
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CMHIMP
Verified Verified
15 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
You are a high achieving individual in many ways, but seem to come up short when it comes to having meaningful, successful relationships with others and struggle with self confidence. You have been defined by others in your life as “successful” but are still left feeling unfilled and unhappy. Maybe negative thoughts swirl around your head when you are trying to get work done or fall asleep at night. Or maybe you experience difficulty concentrating because you are so worried if the person next to you is upset with you and constantly worry if you can make the people around you happy.
You are a high achieving individual in many ways, but seem to come up short when it comes to having meaningful, successful relationships with others and struggle with self confidence. You have been defined by others in your life as “successful” but are still left feeling unfilled and unhappy. Maybe negative thoughts swirl around your head when you are trying to get work done or fall asleep at night. Or maybe you experience difficulty concentrating because you are so worried if the person next to you is upset with you and constantly worry if you can make the people around you happy.
(703) 270-0386 View (703) 270-0386
Photo of Chelsea Barbosa, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Chelsea Barbosa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22302  (Online Only)
Hey there! My name is Chelsea and I'm excited to be apart of your journey. Many of us have experienced crushing situations that leave a lasting impact on our hearts. Whether you've struggled to maintain a relationship with your family or feel burnt-out from life, stress can weigh heavily on us. My guiding philosophy for your mental health is rooted in support, challenges, and encouragement, as I help you achieve a life that feels free, whole, and healthy.
Hey there! My name is Chelsea and I'm excited to be apart of your journey. Many of us have experienced crushing situations that leave a lasting impact on our hearts. Whether you've struggled to maintain a relationship with your family or feel burnt-out from life, stress can weigh heavily on us. My guiding philosophy for your mental health is rooted in support, challenges, and encouragement, as I help you achieve a life that feels free, whole, and healthy.
(571) 749-2110 View (571) 749-2110
Photo of Samantha Blancher, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Samantha Blancher
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Ideally, our early experiences of connection were secure, safe, accessible, and responsive and we developed an internal sense of ourselves as loveable, worthy, and deserving of getting our needs met. But what happens when this has not been our experience? Many of us have had to find ways to adapt and survive moments of disconnect, invalidation, or criticism. This can often mean we hold beliefs about ourselves that are limiting, worry that we have to hide or minimize parts of who we are, deny certain emotions, hustle for our worth, and/or build up layers of protection. I can support you to heal, connect and create lasting change.
Ideally, our early experiences of connection were secure, safe, accessible, and responsive and we developed an internal sense of ourselves as loveable, worthy, and deserving of getting our needs met. But what happens when this has not been our experience? Many of us have had to find ways to adapt and survive moments of disconnect, invalidation, or criticism. This can often mean we hold beliefs about ourselves that are limiting, worry that we have to hide or minimize parts of who we are, deny certain emotions, hustle for our worth, and/or build up layers of protection. I can support you to heal, connect and create lasting change.
(571) 487-7616 View (571) 487-7616
Photo of Elizabeth Hussey - Belonging Counseling Psychotherapy Group Practice, Licensed Professional Counselor
Belonging Counseling Psychotherapy Group Practice
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22302  (Online Only)
Belonging Counseling is at its core inclusive, a space where the therapeutic alliance creates safety and trust. Our mission is to help individuals optimize their lives with a strengths-based approach to mental health. The therapeutic relationship provides a space in which individuals can explore their lives, challenge patterns and limiting beliefs, cope with loss, build self-worth, improve interpersonal connections, and learn how to prioritize their needs. Providers at Belonging utilize a person-centered integrative approach to help clients learn to better understand, trust, support, and advocate for themselves.
Belonging Counseling is at its core inclusive, a space where the therapeutic alliance creates safety and trust. Our mission is to help individuals optimize their lives with a strengths-based approach to mental health. The therapeutic relationship provides a space in which individuals can explore their lives, challenge patterns and limiting beliefs, cope with loss, build self-worth, improve interpersonal connections, and learn how to prioritize their needs. Providers at Belonging utilize a person-centered integrative approach to help clients learn to better understand, trust, support, and advocate for themselves.
(571) 596-7081 View (571) 596-7081
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Alexandria, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Alexandria, VA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Stress
73% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% Cigna and Evernorth
67% Aetna

How Therapists in Alexandria, VA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Alexandria?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.