Therapists in Harrisonburg, VA
![Photo of Jamie R. Wyatt, MA, LPC, NCC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/21c029e6-749a-4d15-a7f8-fba8dc9df321/2/320x400.jpeg)
Jamie R. Wyatt
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Harrisonburg, VA 22802
Waitlist for new clients
Do you yearn for a happier, more fulfilled life? Are you struggling with loss, life transition, trauma, depression or anxiety, or a life that feels unsatisfying? I understand how difficult it can be to start the journey of therapy. If you are willing to take this brave step, I am here to listen deeply to your story with non-judgement and compassion, join you in moments of laughter and tears, and journey with you through the difficult places. Together we can uncover what gets you stuck and take the steps necessary to bring healing and transformation.
Do you yearn for a happier, more fulfilled life? Are you struggling with loss, life transition, trauma, depression or anxiety, or a life that feels unsatisfying? I understand how difficult it can be to start the journey of therapy. If you are willing to take this brave step, I am here to listen deeply to your story with non-judgement and compassion, join you in moments of laughter and tears, and journey with you through the difficult places. Together we can uncover what gets you stuck and take the steps necessary to bring healing and transformation.
![Photo of Stephanie L. Morehead, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f94e06c5-35fc-483a-b9c2-a5029849ae68/2/320x400.jpeg)
I work with adults and adolescents who struggle primarily with trauma, anxiety, OCD and other severe mental illnesses. Life can be completely overwhelming and exhausting at times, and I want to be able to arm my clients with the tools they need to work through their challenges and become stronger as a result. I believe that therapy should be engaging, challenging, and fulfilling. Therapy with me will be a safe place for you to discuss and explore your thoughts and feelings. We will work through this together.
I work with adults and adolescents who struggle primarily with trauma, anxiety, OCD and other severe mental illnesses. Life can be completely overwhelming and exhausting at times, and I want to be able to arm my clients with the tools they need to work through their challenges and become stronger as a result. I believe that therapy should be engaging, challenging, and fulfilling. Therapy with me will be a safe place for you to discuss and explore your thoughts and feelings. We will work through this together.
![Photo of Elizabeth A Shoop, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/38824946-a925-44a8-be8c-9016f6543034/1/320x400.jpeg)
Elizabeth A Shoop
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Not accepting new clients
I am currently accepting new clients for telehealth only. Do you have trouble stopping your thoughts or worries? Common conditions such as anxiety and depression are perpetuated by habitual patterns of thought. My clients find relief when they learn to use strategies such as mindfulness, body awareness, and creativity to quiet the mind chatter and access their deeper wisdom and intuition.
I am currently accepting new clients for telehealth only. Do you have trouble stopping your thoughts or worries? Common conditions such as anxiety and depression are perpetuated by habitual patterns of thought. My clients find relief when they learn to use strategies such as mindfulness, body awareness, and creativity to quiet the mind chatter and access their deeper wisdom and intuition.
![Photo of Sarah Defnall, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b56226dc-b3c6-4978-8222-af2ca9ab2ddc/3/320x400.jpeg)
Sarah Defnall
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Waitlist for new clients
My hope for our work together is that you will bring your authentic self, and I will too. Support, relief, and change are all accessible when we engage our real selves in this unique work of counseling while trusting the process toward healing.
My hope for our work together is that you will bring your authentic self, and I will too. Support, relief, and change are all accessible when we engage our real selves in this unique work of counseling while trusting the process toward healing.
![Photo of Phil Schulte - Harrisonburg Assessment and Counseling, PLLC, PsyD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fe4dca5a-7572-4ad1-8c50-5c44ecb926a4/3/320x400.jpeg)
Harrisonburg Assessment and Counseling, PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Welcome, we are now accepting new clients! Our practice currently includes Dr. Paul Pohto and Dr. Phil Schulte, licensed clinical psychologists in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Together, we offer counseling and psychological testing services for adults facing a wide variety of life stressors or psychological concerns. Our practice is also offering assessment services including neurodevelopmental evaluations for children, and general psychological testing services across the life-span. We are able to offer testing appointments on weekends and evenings.
Welcome, we are now accepting new clients! Our practice currently includes Dr. Paul Pohto and Dr. Phil Schulte, licensed clinical psychologists in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Together, we offer counseling and psychological testing services for adults facing a wide variety of life stressors or psychological concerns. Our practice is also offering assessment services including neurodevelopmental evaluations for children, and general psychological testing services across the life-span. We are able to offer testing appointments on weekends and evenings.
![Photo of Kelly Bittner Zerfoss - A Mindful Connection Telemental Health, LLC, LCSW, CTMH, CCATP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ccf0d221-11ea-4606-a177-6667fea55c46/2/320x400.jpeg)
A Mindful Connection Telemental Health, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CTMH, CCATP
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
I am an experienced clinical social worker who is passionate about helping people improve their overall functioning by learning how to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression and cope with the transitions in life. I have valuable insight into treating individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, end of life or life transitions, grief or loss, disordered eating and eating disorders, and current or previous trauma. I am a Certified Clinical Telemental Health Provider, and I am also a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional.
I am an experienced clinical social worker who is passionate about helping people improve their overall functioning by learning how to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression and cope with the transitions in life. I have valuable insight into treating individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, end of life or life transitions, grief or loss, disordered eating and eating disorders, and current or previous trauma. I am a Certified Clinical Telemental Health Provider, and I am also a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional.
![Photo of Allison Rentz, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/74a9236f-47e8-419d-ba59-3a385118baf7/2/320x400.png)
Allison Rentz
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
The world we live in, both external and internal, can at times seem impossible to navigate. How does one navigate life stressors, past trauma, depression, and/or anxiety, especially if those tools were not necessarily modeled to us growing up? I can help provide support and be a guide through your mental health journey. In 2010, I graduated from Argosy University Atlanta with a Master’s Degree in Community Counseling. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I have worked with individuals of all ages in various settings such as a child advocacy center, in-home therapy, psychiatric hospital, private practice, and on a military base.
The world we live in, both external and internal, can at times seem impossible to navigate. How does one navigate life stressors, past trauma, depression, and/or anxiety, especially if those tools were not necessarily modeled to us growing up? I can help provide support and be a guide through your mental health journey. In 2010, I graduated from Argosy University Atlanta with a Master’s Degree in Community Counseling. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I have worked with individuals of all ages in various settings such as a child advocacy center, in-home therapy, psychiatric hospital, private practice, and on a military base.
![Photo of Trevor Haase, LPC, MA, EdS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/79897fc3-d22e-4692-9593-7e2ddacf2863/1/320x400.jpeg)
Trevor Haase
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, EdS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
I am currently accepting new clients (Updated: 1/11/2023) The ideal client is the one that comes as they are. There's often a pressure people feel to have their struggles neatly wrapped and ready to talk about when initiating therapy. However, therapy can be the perfect place to start that process to form a better understanding of the issues, the needs, and ultimately your own goals.
I am currently accepting new clients (Updated: 1/11/2023) The ideal client is the one that comes as they are. There's often a pressure people feel to have their struggles neatly wrapped and ready to talk about when initiating therapy. However, therapy can be the perfect place to start that process to form a better understanding of the issues, the needs, and ultimately your own goals.
![Photo of Cheri Lynn Greenfield, MA, EdS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c3d2912b-faa4-4397-80f9-4a0187502b49/3/320x400.jpeg)
Cheri Lynn Greenfield
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
My favorite part of this work is the relationship that I get to build with my clients. I provide a safe space to strengthen trust in yourself, practice acceptance and self-compassion, and begin to let go of what no longer serves you as you develop a deeper connection with yourself. We will work together to deepen intuition and self-understanding, creating shifts that allow for growth and healing. I have great respect for this work, and I consider it an honor to walk with my clients in this process.
My favorite part of this work is the relationship that I get to build with my clients. I provide a safe space to strengthen trust in yourself, practice acceptance and self-compassion, and begin to let go of what no longer serves you as you develop a deeper connection with yourself. We will work together to deepen intuition and self-understanding, creating shifts that allow for growth and healing. I have great respect for this work, and I consider it an honor to walk with my clients in this process.
![Photo of Fabiana Espinal, MA](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/969f0085-4661-4e65-a772-360dfca396be/2/320x400.jpeg)
I understand that it takes considerable courage to ask for help, particularly when it comes to mental health and the stigma surrounding therapy. This means I am deeply committed to making the counseling experience as gentle and meaningful as possible for all my clients. I believe in the power of community and that the relationship between the client and counselor is an extremely important part of the healing process. Therefore, it is a privilege and a priority for me to be worthy of the trust of my clients; my goal is to offer people a judgment-free space that feels safe and genuine.
I understand that it takes considerable courage to ask for help, particularly when it comes to mental health and the stigma surrounding therapy. This means I am deeply committed to making the counseling experience as gentle and meaningful as possible for all my clients. I believe in the power of community and that the relationship between the client and counselor is an extremely important part of the healing process. Therefore, it is a privilege and a priority for me to be worthy of the trust of my clients; my goal is to offer people a judgment-free space that feels safe and genuine.
![Photo of Kristen Fulton-Wright, LCSW, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/45adeced-15ff-4a6a-9e99-2b95be3cde3a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Kristen Fulton-Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Waitlist for new clients
I am not accepting new clients until August 2024.
I am not accepting new clients until August 2024.
15 Second Videos
Spiral Roots LLC ~ Melissa Deaton Cook
Sean Slevin
Tempest Anderson
Srijana (Sriju) Chhetri
Randy Weber
Ronda L Weber
Meg Reppert Helbert
Yozaira Leon-Santiago
Holly Humphreys
Susan Harris
John Stone Jr
Zach Pennington
Marie Danner
Katybeth Eller
Jackson Caswell
Christopher Hollingsworth
Pamela Pierce
Rose Marie Longworth
Amy Butler Mitchell
Cathleen A Rea PhD
Beth E. Kaufman
Kellie Zundel-Flores
Miranda N Dennis
Althea Dent
![Photo of Deyanira Deschenes, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b596ba89-aa88-422b-a713-55bbb621b957/2/320x400.jpeg)
Deyanira Deschenes
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
She is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Virginia who provides individual and couples counseling. She received her Bachelors Degree from Troy University, where she majored in Psychology with a minor in Criminal Justice. She completed her graduate studies at the University of Colorado, majoring in Clinical Mental Health Counseling with an Emphasis in Addictions. She specializes in the treatment of trauma, addictions (both behavioral and chemical), anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorders.
She is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Virginia who provides individual and couples counseling. She received her Bachelors Degree from Troy University, where she majored in Psychology with a minor in Criminal Justice. She completed her graduate studies at the University of Colorado, majoring in Clinical Mental Health Counseling with an Emphasis in Addictions. She specializes in the treatment of trauma, addictions (both behavioral and chemical), anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorders.
![Photo of Kristina Blakely, MA, LPC](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c32a7071-c25f-4029-8a5b-d37476b32ee2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Accepting new clients and work with most insurance companies. I am accepting adult clients as well as adolescents from age 14 and up. I am located in downtown Harrisonburg.
Accepting new clients and work with most insurance companies. I am accepting adult clients as well as adolescents from age 14 and up. I am located in downtown Harrisonburg.
![Photo of Dena Hollar, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1d8765d5-1803-431b-85cf-41528ec0429a/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in adolescents, young adult, and adults. I have been in the mental health profession for 20 years, including 13 of those years as a school counselor. I work with clients with a wide variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, and adolescent changes and behaviors.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in adolescents, young adult, and adults. I have been in the mental health profession for 20 years, including 13 of those years as a school counselor. I work with clients with a wide variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, and adolescent changes and behaviors.
![Photo of Robin Blackwell, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c7fba8e4-28b3-4180-b52b-3cf07abadad8/2/320x400.png)
Robin Blackwell
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
Robin Blackwell is an LCSW (Licensed Clinical Social Worker) in the state of Virginia. Robin has 15 years of experience working with adults and children seeking help with depression, anxiety, anger management, inability to focus, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor's of Social Work and Masters of Social Work from Radford University. Robin utilizes motivational interviewing techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness based and solution focused treatment.
Robin Blackwell is an LCSW (Licensed Clinical Social Worker) in the state of Virginia. Robin has 15 years of experience working with adults and children seeking help with depression, anxiety, anger management, inability to focus, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor's of Social Work and Masters of Social Work from Radford University. Robin utilizes motivational interviewing techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness based and solution focused treatment.
![Photo of Sam Swartzendruber, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e6c11cca-805b-46e1-b098-5fe07af9caea/1/320x400.jpeg)
Sam Swartzendruber
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Life can be challenging. Whether we’re falling apart, experiencing minor setbacks or even doing relatively well, it can be really helpful to have someone to talk to. I hold a strong conviction that there is no issue too big or small to justify seeing a therapist.
Life can be challenging. Whether we’re falling apart, experiencing minor setbacks or even doing relatively well, it can be really helpful to have someone to talk to. I hold a strong conviction that there is no issue too big or small to justify seeing a therapist.
![Photo of Esther Reynolds, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/887489dd-f43b-47e0-a5fd-2db4f6c8e3ef/1/320x400.jpeg)
Esther Reynolds
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
Do you notice that you get tired easily and lack of energy without medical reasons? Do you feel sad, hopeless, worthless, and empty? Do you have sleep disturbance, either insomnia or sleeping too much? Do you experience frequent anxiety, agitation, and/or restlessness? Do you sometimes react adversely to a trigger that reminds you of past traumatic experiences, either consciously or unconsciously? I believe that your motivation is key to success and that all motivation must start with a destination, chosen by you. I see myself just as a facilitator, guiding you toward that destination.
Do you notice that you get tired easily and lack of energy without medical reasons? Do you feel sad, hopeless, worthless, and empty? Do you have sleep disturbance, either insomnia or sleeping too much? Do you experience frequent anxiety, agitation, and/or restlessness? Do you sometimes react adversely to a trigger that reminds you of past traumatic experiences, either consciously or unconsciously? I believe that your motivation is key to success and that all motivation must start with a destination, chosen by you. I see myself just as a facilitator, guiding you toward that destination.
![Photo of Shon Jd Tucker, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ed5ba389-6028-4af3-9e8e-7e7a8033c370/2/320x400.jpeg)
I have served children and adults for years in schools and in a community setting. My first goal is always understanding and accepting my client before helping them set their own goals and work towards them. We can use play, sand, art, relaxation, CBT, EMDR or other therapies to get there together.
I have served children and adults for years in schools and in a community setting. My first goal is always understanding and accepting my client before helping them set their own goals and work towards them. We can use play, sand, art, relaxation, CBT, EMDR or other therapies to get there together.
![Photo of Cheyenne James, PsyD, LPC, CSAC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e207ee58-04c2-4a9f-a46d-d27519b30183/1/320x400.jpeg)
Cheyenne James
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, CSAC
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
I believe in creating a safe space where clients can explore their thoughts and feelings while working toward their personal goals. I have experience in working with substance use and addiction, complex trauma, grief, anxiety, relational issues, life transitions, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, physical health issues, couples, identity issues, eating disorders, LGTBT+ concerns, and caregivers.
I believe in creating a safe space where clients can explore their thoughts and feelings while working toward their personal goals. I have experience in working with substance use and addiction, complex trauma, grief, anxiety, relational issues, life transitions, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, physical health issues, couples, identity issues, eating disorders, LGTBT+ concerns, and caregivers.
![Photo of Danielle Crawford, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b9048697-26c8-47c6-a149-2562a26d684e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Danielle Crawford
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Harrisonburg, VA 22801 (Online Only)
She is a creative problem solver who is empathetic and compassionate and uses a combination of Cognitive Behavioral and solution-focused therapeutic approaches to specialize her treatment approaches for her clients. As a counselor in residence, she works with individuals, couples, families, parents, and children to address issues related to anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, grief and loss, and eating disorders. She also assists with developing positive social skills, including anger management and emotional regulation skills, building self-esteem, and navigating life transitions, such as divorce and separation.
She is a creative problem solver who is empathetic and compassionate and uses a combination of Cognitive Behavioral and solution-focused therapeutic approaches to specialize her treatment approaches for her clients. As a counselor in residence, she works with individuals, couples, families, parents, and children to address issues related to anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, grief and loss, and eating disorders. She also assists with developing positive social skills, including anger management and emotional regulation skills, building self-esteem, and navigating life transitions, such as divorce and separation.
See more therapy options for Harrisonburg
Nearby Searches for Harrisonburg
- Bridgewater
- Broadway
- Crimora
- Fishersville
- Free Union
- Luray
- New Market
- Shenandoah
- Stanardsville
- Staunton
- Verona
- Weyers Cave
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Harrisonburg, VA
300+
Average cost per session
$120
Therapists in Harrisonburg, VA who prioritize treating:
94% | Anxiety |
92% | Depression |
72% | Stress |
70% | Trauma and PTSD |
65% | Relationship Issues |
62% | Life Transitions |
61% | Self Esteem |
Average years in practice
11 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
84% | Elevance |
82% | Aetna |
70% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in Harrisonburg, VA see their clients
65% | In Person and Online | |
35% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
82% | Female | |
17% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Harrisonburg?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.