Therapists in Champaign, IL

Photo of Jennifer McNamer, LCPC, Counselor
Jennifer McNamer
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois. I obtained a master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of the Cumberlands. I have worked as a clinician in community mental health for the last four years, where I provided mental health services to adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families. I have also worked in a variety of social service settings, providing services to children and families for over 15 years.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois. I obtained a master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of the Cumberlands. I have worked as a clinician in community mental health for the last four years, where I provided mental health services to adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families. I have also worked in a variety of social service settings, providing services to children and families for over 15 years.
(217) 216-9176 View (217) 216-9176
Photo of Katherine Johnson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61820  (Online Only)
I am passionate about walking alongside clients in therapy. We each have our own challenges and hardships, but we also have unique and amazing strengths! My goal in therapy is to help you understand what is and what is not working for you and find ways to connect, grow, and thrive. I have a particular interest in clients working through life transitions, spiritual struggles, and burnout related to caregiving.
I am passionate about walking alongside clients in therapy. We each have our own challenges and hardships, but we also have unique and amazing strengths! My goal in therapy is to help you understand what is and what is not working for you and find ways to connect, grow, and thrive. I have a particular interest in clients working through life transitions, spiritual struggles, and burnout related to caregiving.
(217) 712-3295 x109 View (217) 712-3295 x109
Photo of Alison Crooks, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alison Crooks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
I love to work with individuals and families. My specialties include children ages 3-12 for play therapy, as well as adolescents and young adults. I desire for clients to feel safe and to develop a trusting relationship. I accomplish this with a person-centered approach where I provide a safe non-judgmental environment for clients to explore themselves honestly.
I love to work with individuals and families. My specialties include children ages 3-12 for play therapy, as well as adolescents and young adults. I desire for clients to feel safe and to develop a trusting relationship. I accomplish this with a person-centered approach where I provide a safe non-judgmental environment for clients to explore themselves honestly.
(217) 776-9383 View (217) 776-9383
Photo of Lynn Griffith, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lynn Griffith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
During my many years working in the mental health, I have had the opportunity to work with a wide variety of individuals, couples, and families facing struggles related to depression, anxiety, addiction, and behavioral issues. I have also had the opportunity to help those adjusting to a new diagnosis. I have enjoyed the opportunity to work in collaboration with them to find their purpose. I am taking new patients and would welcome the opportunity walk with you on this journey. My office provides a confidential, quiet, professional atmosphere for you. As well as flexible hours.
During my many years working in the mental health, I have had the opportunity to work with a wide variety of individuals, couples, and families facing struggles related to depression, anxiety, addiction, and behavioral issues. I have also had the opportunity to help those adjusting to a new diagnosis. I have enjoyed the opportunity to work in collaboration with them to find their purpose. I am taking new patients and would welcome the opportunity walk with you on this journey. My office provides a confidential, quiet, professional atmosphere for you. As well as flexible hours.
(217) 703-1598 View (217) 703-1598
Photo of Christine Mayer, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christine Mayer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61820
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I firmly believe that therapy services should be available and affordable to all who need them. I use individual, couples, family, and group therapy. I am also the Clinical Supervisor at Compass. As a graduate of the University of Illinois with 25 years of experience as a therapist, I am currently serving as a clinician working with a broad spectrum of clients with a non-judgmental and sex-positive attitude. Among my areas of expertise are LGBTQIA+ clientele (specifically with transfolks), abuse and trauma, depression and anxiety, and anger management. I have also worked with polyamorous folk.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I firmly believe that therapy services should be available and affordable to all who need them. I use individual, couples, family, and group therapy. I am also the Clinical Supervisor at Compass. As a graduate of the University of Illinois with 25 years of experience as a therapist, I am currently serving as a clinician working with a broad spectrum of clients with a non-judgmental and sex-positive attitude. Among my areas of expertise are LGBTQIA+ clientele (specifically with transfolks), abuse and trauma, depression and anxiety, and anger management. I have also worked with polyamorous folk.
(217) 693-4918 View (217) 693-4918
Photo of Michelle Hooks, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Hooks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61820
In life's whirlwind, finding a sanctuary for respite and inner peace can feel like a distant dream. You might be questioning your worth or wondering if anyone else shares your feelings. Unexpected events may have thrown you off course, leaving you grappling to move forward, feeling immobilized. Perhaps, as a parent, you've exhausted all avenues in aiding your child or teen, feeling at a loss. Whether you're striving to unleash your full potential or seeking ways to foster family well-being, you've found a supportive space here.
In life's whirlwind, finding a sanctuary for respite and inner peace can feel like a distant dream. You might be questioning your worth or wondering if anyone else shares your feelings. Unexpected events may have thrown you off course, leaving you grappling to move forward, feeling immobilized. Perhaps, as a parent, you've exhausted all avenues in aiding your child or teen, feeling at a loss. Whether you're striving to unleash your full potential or seeking ways to foster family well-being, you've found a supportive space here.
(217) 834-1738 View (217) 834-1738
Photo of Geneen McGowan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Geneen McGowan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
Have you experienced the heartache of estrangement from family, or the emotional turmoil from strained relationships with a parent or sibling? Perhaps you find yourself longing for connection yet feeling the heavy burden of these fractured ties. Living with family dynamic trauma can manifest as persistent emotional pain, anxiety, or a profound sense of isolation and loss. These feelings might have you questioning your self-worth and struggling to navigate everyday life. You're not alone in this journey, and your feelings are valid. Together, we can explore these wounds and work towards healing.
Have you experienced the heartache of estrangement from family, or the emotional turmoil from strained relationships with a parent or sibling? Perhaps you find yourself longing for connection yet feeling the heavy burden of these fractured ties. Living with family dynamic trauma can manifest as persistent emotional pain, anxiety, or a profound sense of isolation and loss. These feelings might have you questioning your self-worth and struggling to navigate everyday life. You're not alone in this journey, and your feelings are valid. Together, we can explore these wounds and work towards healing.
(217) 858-3385 View (217) 858-3385
Photo of Cheron Allen, LCPC, Counselor
Cheron Allen
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820  (Online Only)
At my core, I am an artist and believe in creating the sacred space necessary for intentional healing. My approach is strength-based and person-centered. I draw from evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Systems Theory and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to address individual and relational needs.
At my core, I am an artist and believe in creating the sacred space necessary for intentional healing. My approach is strength-based and person-centered. I draw from evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Systems Theory and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to address individual and relational needs.
(773) 207-5400 View (773) 207-5400
Photo of Taleatha Welch, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Taleatha Welch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61821  (Online Only)
Greetings, For as far back as I remember, it has been my desire to serve people. Throughout my education and life experience, I have acquired strong skill sets that could be an asset to anyone who is willing to roll up their sleeves and put in the work to achieve their desired goals. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and Licensed Practitioner of The Healing Arts, with a Master’s degree in Social Work, and a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology from CSWE accredited University, Chicago State University.
Greetings, For as far back as I remember, it has been my desire to serve people. Throughout my education and life experience, I have acquired strong skill sets that could be an asset to anyone who is willing to roll up their sleeves and put in the work to achieve their desired goals. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and Licensed Practitioner of The Healing Arts, with a Master’s degree in Social Work, and a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology from CSWE accredited University, Chicago State University.
(217) 516-3367 View (217) 516-3367
Photo of Molly Thinnes, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Molly Thinnes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61821
Molly Thinnes is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who completed her graduate degree in Social Work at Simmons University. During her time at Simmons, Molly completed two clinical internships where she worked with at risk youth and adults struggling with substance abuse. Molly then worked as a therapist in a residential treatment facility with teenagers who presented with a host of complex, trauma related symptoms. Molly has spent the past three years in private practice working with a variety of people and presenting problems.
Molly Thinnes is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who completed her graduate degree in Social Work at Simmons University. During her time at Simmons, Molly completed two clinical internships where she worked with at risk youth and adults struggling with substance abuse. Molly then worked as a therapist in a residential treatment facility with teenagers who presented with a host of complex, trauma related symptoms. Molly has spent the past three years in private practice working with a variety of people and presenting problems.
(217) 403-9352 View (217) 403-9352
Photo of Jonathan David Monroe, LMHC, MS, Counselor
Jonathan David Monroe
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61822
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), in the State of Washington. I have a career experience in a variety of mental health work-related duties and environments, inpatient/outpatient/telehealth atmospheres, and a variation of different degrees of counseling positions over the past 30 years. A majority of my professional counseling experiences has included working in mental health community agencies, and within the public-school system, providing an array of services working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My current practice only offers Telehealth Therapy Sessions. (ADHD, Trauma, Depression, Anxiety).
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), in the State of Washington. I have a career experience in a variety of mental health work-related duties and environments, inpatient/outpatient/telehealth atmospheres, and a variation of different degrees of counseling positions over the past 30 years. A majority of my professional counseling experiences has included working in mental health community agencies, and within the public-school system, providing an array of services working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My current practice only offers Telehealth Therapy Sessions. (ADHD, Trauma, Depression, Anxiety).
(217) 388-1282 View (217) 388-1282
Photo of Nashat Ali, LCPC, Counselor
Nashat Ali
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61822
My name is Dr. Nashat Shams, and I'm a physician and a Health Psychologist who has worked in this industry since 2005. I have vast experience in counseling individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds and with different age groups. I don't treat diagnoses but clients with compassion and empathy. My interventional approach is CBT, Mindful, and TEAM-CBT. Due to my family background, I'm sensitive to and respectful of various cultures and social backgrounds. I started the journey as a physician and finally became a Ph.D. clinician as I found that the human body cannot be treated without having a healthy mind.
My name is Dr. Nashat Shams, and I'm a physician and a Health Psychologist who has worked in this industry since 2005. I have vast experience in counseling individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds and with different age groups. I don't treat diagnoses but clients with compassion and empathy. My interventional approach is CBT, Mindful, and TEAM-CBT. Due to my family background, I'm sensitive to and respectful of various cultures and social backgrounds. I started the journey as a physician and finally became a Ph.D. clinician as I found that the human body cannot be treated without having a healthy mind.
(773) 839-2574 View (773) 839-2574
Photo of Elise Lanker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elise Lanker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61821  (Online Only)
Stop wondering, find confidence! You may accept that others are LGBTQIA+, but you struggle to accept this in yourself. You’ve started to explore the possibilities, but then you’re scared by what they could mean. You may judge yourself for not knowing yourself better or earlier. You want to lean more into your true self, but wonder what this could look like. You know who you are, but you’re scared to share this with others. I’d love to help you feel more certain! I am a Queer and Queer-affirming therapist who helps adults explore and express themselves through gender, sexuality, and beyond!
Stop wondering, find confidence! You may accept that others are LGBTQIA+, but you struggle to accept this in yourself. You’ve started to explore the possibilities, but then you’re scared by what they could mean. You may judge yourself for not knowing yourself better or earlier. You want to lean more into your true self, but wonder what this could look like. You know who you are, but you’re scared to share this with others. I’d love to help you feel more certain! I am a Queer and Queer-affirming therapist who helps adults explore and express themselves through gender, sexuality, and beyond!
(217) 296-6111 View (217) 296-6111
Photo of Denene King, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Denene King
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in central Illinois. I worked for a community mental health agency for the last five years, two years being an outpatient counselor. I obtained my Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of the Cumberlands. While working at the community health center, I gained experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. In addition, I have experience working with depression, anxiety, and other adjustments or emotional concerns people struggle with within their daily lives.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in central Illinois. I worked for a community mental health agency for the last five years, two years being an outpatient counselor. I obtained my Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of the Cumberlands. While working at the community health center, I gained experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. In addition, I have experience working with depression, anxiety, and other adjustments or emotional concerns people struggle with within their daily lives.
(217) 203-8514 View (217) 203-8514
Photo of Steve Edwards, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steve Edwards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, with a Master’s in Social Work from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. I have experience working with individuals who are coping with chronic mental health symptoms, to those who are working on adjustment in their lives. I have worked in several areas including a community mental health center, a college counseling center, and an inpatient residential treatment center. In these settings, I’ve worked with individuals with adjustment issues, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and self image issues.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, with a Master’s in Social Work from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. I have experience working with individuals who are coping with chronic mental health symptoms, to those who are working on adjustment in their lives. I have worked in several areas including a community mental health center, a college counseling center, and an inpatient residential treatment center. In these settings, I’ve worked with individuals with adjustment issues, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and self image issues.
(217) 920-0760 View (217) 920-0760
Photo of Bryan Deutsch, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bryan Deutsch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61820
I have worked with people who are trying to navigate stress, life transitions, relationship concerns, depression, grief, trauma, and college issues. Comfortable using Acceptance Commitment Therapy, insight oriented talk therapy, Dialectal Behavioral Therapy, and other modalities.
I have worked with people who are trying to navigate stress, life transitions, relationship concerns, depression, grief, trauma, and college issues. Comfortable using Acceptance Commitment Therapy, insight oriented talk therapy, Dialectal Behavioral Therapy, and other modalities.
(217) 996-9592 View (217) 996-9592
Photo of Michael Kleppin, MSEd, LCPC, CADC, Counselor
Michael Kleppin
Counselor, MSEd, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
Not accepting new clients
Kleppin & Associates specializes in the care of clients with compulsive, addictive or deviant behaviors which have caused consequences in the client's personl life, with their family, at work and possibly within the judicial system. These issues may include; pornography & sexual addiction/disorders, substance abuse & chemical dependency struggles, in addition to general mental health issues such as anxiety or depression. In therapy we assist the individual in addressing their specific issues while exploring new cognitive and behavioral changes in an effort to develop a healthier and more functional lifestyle.
Kleppin & Associates specializes in the care of clients with compulsive, addictive or deviant behaviors which have caused consequences in the client's personl life, with their family, at work and possibly within the judicial system. These issues may include; pornography & sexual addiction/disorders, substance abuse & chemical dependency struggles, in addition to general mental health issues such as anxiety or depression. In therapy we assist the individual in addressing their specific issues while exploring new cognitive and behavioral changes in an effort to develop a healthier and more functional lifestyle.
(217) 574-5174 View (217) 574-5174
Photo of Emily M Burchfield, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Emily M Burchfield
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61822  (Online Only)
From time to time, everyone has struggles in life, whether it's adjusting to loss or transitions, coping with problems in relationships, or with balancing the demands of daily life. Though it can really help to talk things over with a professional counselor, sometimes people hesitate, fearing the possibility of being judged or not understood. I believe that providing a safe, trusting, and nonjudgmental environment is one of the most important elements of good therapy, an element that allows positive change to occur.
From time to time, everyone has struggles in life, whether it's adjusting to loss or transitions, coping with problems in relationships, or with balancing the demands of daily life. Though it can really help to talk things over with a professional counselor, sometimes people hesitate, fearing the possibility of being judged or not understood. I believe that providing a safe, trusting, and nonjudgmental environment is one of the most important elements of good therapy, an element that allows positive change to occur.
(773) 717-2933 View (773) 717-2933
Photo of Cheryl Carter, PsyD, Psychologist
Cheryl Carter
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61821
Cheryl Carter is a licensed clinical psychologist, who has been practicing since 2016. She received both her Masters and Doctoral Degrees from Adler University (Formerly, The Adler School of Professional Psychology) in Chicago, IL. She completed her pre-doctoral APA-accredited internship and post-doctoral fellowship at the Colorado Mental Health Institute at Fort Logan in Denver, Colorado. Dr. Carter specializes in providing individual psychotherapy to adults with histories of complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, relationship problems, grief/loss, and trauma.
Cheryl Carter is a licensed clinical psychologist, who has been practicing since 2016. She received both her Masters and Doctoral Degrees from Adler University (Formerly, The Adler School of Professional Psychology) in Chicago, IL. She completed her pre-doctoral APA-accredited internship and post-doctoral fellowship at the Colorado Mental Health Institute at Fort Logan in Denver, Colorado. Dr. Carter specializes in providing individual psychotherapy to adults with histories of complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, relationship problems, grief/loss, and trauma.
(217) 773-5990 View (217) 773-5990
Photo of Jennifer Carelton, BA, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Carelton
Licensed Professional Counselor, BA, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
I believe that therapy is the most successful when there is a trusting relationship between the therapist and the patient. In order to establish a connection, I strive to meet my patients where they are through providing an open and safe space which allows them to freely express themselves without judgment. We all have a story to tell and every story is different. Often times, between the lines of the story lies the clarity that allows for healing and forward movement. My goal is to read between the lines and help patients fill in the blanks.
I believe that therapy is the most successful when there is a trusting relationship between the therapist and the patient. In order to establish a connection, I strive to meet my patients where they are through providing an open and safe space which allows them to freely express themselves without judgment. We all have a story to tell and every story is different. Often times, between the lines of the story lies the clarity that allows for healing and forward movement. My goal is to read between the lines and help patients fill in the blanks.
(217) 441-2537 View (217) 441-2537
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Champaign, IL

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Champaign, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
72% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
78% Aetna
68% Health Alliance

How Therapists in Champaign, IL see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Champaign?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.