Therapists in Tulsa, OK

Katherine (Feist) Keeling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74119  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Have the negative thoughts and self-doubt become unmanageable lately? Feeling unfulfilled moving from one to-do list to the next? The demands of everyday life can get exhausting. You do not have to suffer alone. Let’s work together to create a space filled with safety, exploration, and self-compassion. Through this space, we’ll help you break free from self-doubt and create meaningful change in your life.
Have the negative thoughts and self-doubt become unmanageable lately? Feeling unfulfilled moving from one to-do list to the next? The demands of everyday life can get exhausting. You do not have to suffer alone. Let’s work together to create a space filled with safety, exploration, and self-compassion. Through this space, we’ll help you break free from self-doubt and create meaningful change in your life.
(918) 322-1855 View (918) 322-1855
Photo of Dr. Paul K Shields, EdD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Paul K Shields
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74135
All of us, at some point in our lives, are going to experience a significant emotional struggle. Whether individual or relational, we all encounter sometimes brief, sometimes longer, periods where our struggle may begin to feel overwhelming. My practice is founded on treating clients with a comprehensive psychosocial approach. Most individuals realize medication can temporarily retard the progress of symptoms through symptom reduction. Alone, medication cannot resolve the personal issues associated with long term increases in quality of life. I believe my best professional strengths are an abiding respect for the individual coming into my office, and a reliable resource to explore, educate and inform persons about critical life issues.
All of us, at some point in our lives, are going to experience a significant emotional struggle. Whether individual or relational, we all encounter sometimes brief, sometimes longer, periods where our struggle may begin to feel overwhelming. My practice is founded on treating clients with a comprehensive psychosocial approach. Most individuals realize medication can temporarily retard the progress of symptoms through symptom reduction. Alone, medication cannot resolve the personal issues associated with long term increases in quality of life. I believe my best professional strengths are an abiding respect for the individual coming into my office, and a reliable resource to explore, educate and inform persons about critical life issues.
(539) 245-5183 View (539) 245-5183
Photo of Diane C Kirk - Diane C. Kirk, Psy.D., PLLC, PsyD, Psychologist
Diane C. Kirk, Psy.D., PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74136
I provide comprehensive psychoeducational and developmental evaluations. I hope to empower children and adolescents with learning and attention problems and the behavioral and emotional challenges that often go hand-in-hand with them. I have a high interest in careful assessment of children/teens for whom the questions are related to giftedness/autism spectrum disorder. My focus is on helping all my clients develop a strong sense of their own gifts and their ability to thrive at home and in their educational and community experiences.
I provide comprehensive psychoeducational and developmental evaluations. I hope to empower children and adolescents with learning and attention problems and the behavioral and emotional challenges that often go hand-in-hand with them. I have a high interest in careful assessment of children/teens for whom the questions are related to giftedness/autism spectrum disorder. My focus is on helping all my clients develop a strong sense of their own gifts and their ability to thrive at home and in their educational and community experiences.
(918) 992-7006 View (918) 992-7006
Photo of Rachael Johnson, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachael Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74136
Not accepting new clients
Updated: Rachael Johnson, LLC- New location! Through compassion, understanding, psychoeducation, and keeping an open mind we will work together to find your pathway to healing. We will explore issues that you are facing and how they are impacting you. My philosophy is a positive relationship between client and therapist can help in the healing process, revealing your strengths and helping to instill hope.
Updated: Rachael Johnson, LLC- New location! Through compassion, understanding, psychoeducation, and keeping an open mind we will work together to find your pathway to healing. We will explore issues that you are facing and how they are impacting you. My philosophy is a positive relationship between client and therapist can help in the healing process, revealing your strengths and helping to instill hope.
(918) 417-1745 View (918) 417-1745
Photo of Alycia Williams - Alycia Williams Therapy, MS, LPC, CST, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alycia Williams Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74136
My practice is focused on treating sexual, relational, & personal issues. As an AASECT certified sex therapist & a clinician with 25 years experience I am uniquely qualified to help you identify goals, process pain, & make meaningful progress towards your goals. You want more passion. You want less shame. You feel stuck, frustrated, overwhelmed. I can help. I offer weekly individual & couples sessions. Longer intensive sessions can also be tailored to your needs to stabilize a crisis or go deep & create rapid meaningful change. I also offer retreats & am a sought-after speaker on a range of sex and relationship topics.
My practice is focused on treating sexual, relational, & personal issues. As an AASECT certified sex therapist & a clinician with 25 years experience I am uniquely qualified to help you identify goals, process pain, & make meaningful progress towards your goals. You want more passion. You want less shame. You feel stuck, frustrated, overwhelmed. I can help. I offer weekly individual & couples sessions. Longer intensive sessions can also be tailored to your needs to stabilize a crisis or go deep & create rapid meaningful change. I also offer retreats & am a sought-after speaker on a range of sex and relationship topics.
(918) 558-2495 View (918) 558-2495
Photo of Namik Kirlic, PhD, Psychologist
Namik Kirlic
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74119
Someone once said that there are as many different kinds of depression as there are people dealing with it. Whatever might have led you to feel down, anxious, exhausted from stress, or finding it difficult to cope, will require an approach specifically created for and tailored to you. And, in addition to helping you overcome these struggles, this approach should also make it easier for you to do more of the things that make you feel happy and improve your overall quality of life.
Someone once said that there are as many different kinds of depression as there are people dealing with it. Whatever might have led you to feel down, anxious, exhausted from stress, or finding it difficult to cope, will require an approach specifically created for and tailored to you. And, in addition to helping you overcome these struggles, this approach should also make it easier for you to do more of the things that make you feel happy and improve your overall quality of life.
(857) 763-1732 View (857) 763-1732
Photo of Michael McClendon, PsyD, LHSP, Psychologist
Michael McClendon
Psychologist, PsyD, LHSP
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74137
When we have the courage to walk into our story and own it, we get to write the ending - Brene Brown. It takes an immense amount of effort and intention to own our failings, limits, insecurities, shame, regrets, and pains. Yet the work of embracing those aspects of our lives frees us from the prison of pretending that they do not exist. My clinical and professional work has been to help people move away from mindsets fixated on the fantasy of perfectionism in order to live into a reality of grace, acceptance, and appreciation or ourselves as we are rather than who we believe we "should" be.
When we have the courage to walk into our story and own it, we get to write the ending - Brene Brown. It takes an immense amount of effort and intention to own our failings, limits, insecurities, shame, regrets, and pains. Yet the work of embracing those aspects of our lives frees us from the prison of pretending that they do not exist. My clinical and professional work has been to help people move away from mindsets fixated on the fantasy of perfectionism in order to live into a reality of grace, acceptance, and appreciation or ourselves as we are rather than who we believe we "should" be.
(918) 303-7321 View (918) 303-7321
Photo of Alex Aguilar, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alex Aguilar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74105
It's incredibly human to find ourselves anxious, detached, and overwhelmed. Disconnect in relationships can often feel miserable, and keeping healthy boundaries and navigating conflict can be a struggle. My expertise is in creating a therapeutic relationship that goes beyond traditional cognitive approaches, valuing an embodied sense of change, where patterns can shift, trauma can feel integrated, and we can achieve an overall sense of resilience and connectedness, to ourselves and each other.
It's incredibly human to find ourselves anxious, detached, and overwhelmed. Disconnect in relationships can often feel miserable, and keeping healthy boundaries and navigating conflict can be a struggle. My expertise is in creating a therapeutic relationship that goes beyond traditional cognitive approaches, valuing an embodied sense of change, where patterns can shift, trauma can feel integrated, and we can achieve an overall sense of resilience and connectedness, to ourselves and each other.
(918) 203-8675 View (918) 203-8675
Photo of Gary Rhodes, LMFT, LPC, BCPPC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gary Rhodes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPC, BCPPC
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74136  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My name is Dr. Jay Rhodes. I am board-certified by BCPPC, a Licensed Professional Counsel, and a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have worked with clients from diverse backgrounds and cultures in various settings such as military bases, combat zones, hospitals, schools, embassies, consulates, to nonprofit homeless ministries. I have helped individuals, couples, families, children, adolescents, and groups deal with a wide range of issues such as anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, and relationships. I have helped others worldwide, I can help you
My name is Dr. Jay Rhodes. I am board-certified by BCPPC, a Licensed Professional Counsel, and a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have worked with clients from diverse backgrounds and cultures in various settings such as military bases, combat zones, hospitals, schools, embassies, consulates, to nonprofit homeless ministries. I have helped individuals, couples, families, children, adolescents, and groups deal with a wide range of issues such as anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, and relationships. I have helped others worldwide, I can help you
(918) 248-8918 View (918) 248-8918
Photo of Katie E Evans, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katie E Evans
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74137
Sometimes all we need is to have someone to help guide and support us through tough times. Whether it's anxiety/depression, trauma, life changes, or everyday struggles, I am here to help you address those concerns in a safe, comfortable, friendly environment. I have clinical experience working with teens and adults helping them through whatever challenge life brings them.
Sometimes all we need is to have someone to help guide and support us through tough times. Whether it's anxiety/depression, trauma, life changes, or everyday struggles, I am here to help you address those concerns in a safe, comfortable, friendly environment. I have clinical experience working with teens and adults helping them through whatever challenge life brings them.
(539) 202-7403 View (539) 202-7403
Photo of Erin Roberts, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Roberts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74136
I am offering both tele-therapy and in-person services at this time. I have seen the flexibility that tele-therapy provides in allowing clients to more easily access services. I continue to offer a therapeutic space where you can slow down and consider more deeply the relational patterns in your life. I have found that many of my clients benefit from this approach and are more likely to sustain a mindful and flexible approach to change in life.
I am offering both tele-therapy and in-person services at this time. I have seen the flexibility that tele-therapy provides in allowing clients to more easily access services. I continue to offer a therapeutic space where you can slow down and consider more deeply the relational patterns in your life. I have found that many of my clients benefit from this approach and are more likely to sustain a mindful and flexible approach to change in life.
(539) 208-1201 View (539) 208-1201
Photo of Jaq Zuidema, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaq Zuidema
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74119  (Online Only)
Are you spending your day feeling burnt out, on the verge of a meltdown, or feeling like you are going to shut down? A social life is important to keep our cups full and spoons in our drawers. However, when you wake up still feeling tired from the day before, socializing is the last thing you want to do. Living in a mode of constantly feeling burnout does not allow you to be your best self. Understanding your daily needs is important so that you can live a happier and more fulfilled life.
Are you spending your day feeling burnt out, on the verge of a meltdown, or feeling like you are going to shut down? A social life is important to keep our cups full and spoons in our drawers. However, when you wake up still feeling tired from the day before, socializing is the last thing you want to do. Living in a mode of constantly feeling burnout does not allow you to be your best self. Understanding your daily needs is important so that you can live a happier and more fulfilled life.
(918) 303-7183 View (918) 303-7183
Photo of Ashleigh Gabriel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashleigh Gabriel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74105
Waitlist for new clients
We all need help sometimes! If you are looking for help in managing the stress of life; maybe you have a child or teen you are concerned about; maybe you are struggling with anxiety or depression; or maybe you just feel like you could use someone to talk to, then I'd love to work with you! I take a holistic approach to therapy by looking at all areas of wellness in one's life and how we can work together to make improvements across the board. I develop strong relationships with my clients to identify your strengths and use those to overcome challenges, develop more positive coping skills, and live a healthier, happier life.
We all need help sometimes! If you are looking for help in managing the stress of life; maybe you have a child or teen you are concerned about; maybe you are struggling with anxiety or depression; or maybe you just feel like you could use someone to talk to, then I'd love to work with you! I take a holistic approach to therapy by looking at all areas of wellness in one's life and how we can work together to make improvements across the board. I develop strong relationships with my clients to identify your strengths and use those to overcome challenges, develop more positive coping skills, and live a healthier, happier life.
(918) 416-4934 View (918) 416-4934
Photo of Piper Wolfe, MS, MPA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Piper Wolfe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MPA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74105
As your therapist, I will provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to navigate the complex and challenging parts of life. Therapy can be a powerful tool to help facilitate growth and healing. My work with clients often focuses on things like stress and anxiety management, life transitions, increasing self-esteem/confidence, relationship issues, coping skills and beyond. I practice non-religious therapy and I welcome people of all races, ethnicities, genders, religions and sexual orientations.
As your therapist, I will provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to navigate the complex and challenging parts of life. Therapy can be a powerful tool to help facilitate growth and healing. My work with clients often focuses on things like stress and anxiety management, life transitions, increasing self-esteem/confidence, relationship issues, coping skills and beyond. I practice non-religious therapy and I welcome people of all races, ethnicities, genders, religions and sexual orientations.
(918) 771-9247 View (918) 771-9247
Photo of Michelle Rix, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michelle Rix
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74135
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my goal is to help individuals navigate challenges while learning to create a secure identity of self and build safe connections with others. I feel it is very important for individuals to feel a connected belonging in all relationships and therefore work hard to build healthy therapeutic relationships with clients that feel safe, connected and nonjudgmental. This warm environment enables both individuals and couples to successfully process strong emotions and face unique challenges, leaving each session feeling validated, empowered and ready to conquer new personal and relational goals.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my goal is to help individuals navigate challenges while learning to create a secure identity of self and build safe connections with others. I feel it is very important for individuals to feel a connected belonging in all relationships and therefore work hard to build healthy therapeutic relationships with clients that feel safe, connected and nonjudgmental. This warm environment enables both individuals and couples to successfully process strong emotions and face unique challenges, leaving each session feeling validated, empowered and ready to conquer new personal and relational goals.
(539) 224-3122 View (539) 224-3122
Photo of Brittne Thompson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittne Thompson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74136
Brittne Thompson, LCSW, is a Licensed Clinical Therapist who is passionate about helping clients heal from trauma and/or emotional wounds. She believes that hurts can lead to damaging beliefs that cause one to experience feelings of depression and anxiety. She enjoys helping clients process and "re-story" these hurts in a way that brings freedom and acceptance. Brittne's hope is to not only understand the client but to also help the client understand himself or herself in a deeper way so that they can make the changes they desire to see in their lives.
Brittne Thompson, LCSW, is a Licensed Clinical Therapist who is passionate about helping clients heal from trauma and/or emotional wounds. She believes that hurts can lead to damaging beliefs that cause one to experience feelings of depression and anxiety. She enjoys helping clients process and "re-story" these hurts in a way that brings freedom and acceptance. Brittne's hope is to not only understand the client but to also help the client understand himself or herself in a deeper way so that they can make the changes they desire to see in their lives.
(918) 265-3282 View (918) 265-3282
Photo of Carla Kelley, LPC-C, Pre-Licensed Professional
Carla Kelley
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-C
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74129  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I'm Carla Kelley (she/her). I am passionate about helping individuals, families, and couples navigate life's challenges and achieve their fullest potential. I use an eclectic approach to hold a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I use a mixture of cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, existential, solution-focused, somatic, and systems theory techniques to support you on your journey.
Hello and welcome! I'm Carla Kelley (she/her). I am passionate about helping individuals, families, and couples navigate life's challenges and achieve their fullest potential. I use an eclectic approach to hold a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I use a mixture of cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness, existential, solution-focused, somatic, and systems theory techniques to support you on your journey.
(918) 842-8849 View (918) 842-8849
Photo of Joanne L Davis, PhD, Psychologist
Joanne L Davis
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Tulsa, OK 74104  (Online Only)
I have 20 years experience treating the negative consequences of trauma that are all too common. I appreciate the often tremendous challenge of seeking help, particularly in an online environment, and aim to ensure that clients feel valued, respected, and safe throughout the time we work together. I use brief evidence-based approaches that can be tailored to meet the needs of each client.
I have 20 years experience treating the negative consequences of trauma that are all too common. I appreciate the often tremendous challenge of seeking help, particularly in an online environment, and aim to ensure that clients feel valued, respected, and safe throughout the time we work together. I use brief evidence-based approaches that can be tailored to meet the needs of each client.
(918) 215-6337 View (918) 215-6337
Photo of Kathy Keffer Pitcock, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathy Keffer Pitcock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74105
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that we all benefit when we pause and reflect on our lives. Sometimes, however, we need a trained person to help us find the pause button! Over the past twenty years I have been honored to walk along side people-many who were ill, grieving, or struggling with any number of life's obstacles. In session, you and I will individualize you care plan: Talk Therapy, Mindfulness, Narritive, and/or Cognitive-Behavioral therapy are a few tools we will work with.
I believe that we all benefit when we pause and reflect on our lives. Sometimes, however, we need a trained person to help us find the pause button! Over the past twenty years I have been honored to walk along side people-many who were ill, grieving, or struggling with any number of life's obstacles. In session, you and I will individualize you care plan: Talk Therapy, Mindfulness, Narritive, and/or Cognitive-Behavioral therapy are a few tools we will work with.
(918) 779-1683 View (918) 779-1683
Photo of Daniel M Stockley, PhD, Psychologist
Daniel M Stockley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tulsa, OK 74135
Not accepting new clients
Dr. Stockley is a Licensed Psychologist located in the Tulsa area. He has a Degree in Psychology from Oklahoma State University and has had a successful growing practice since he began in 1990. Dr. Stockley has worked closely with the Tulsa County Juvenile Court, the Oklahoma Department of Human Services, the Oklahoma Office of Juvenile Affairs, as well as the Tulsa Boys' Home.
Dr. Stockley is a Licensed Psychologist located in the Tulsa area. He has a Degree in Psychology from Oklahoma State University and has had a successful growing practice since he began in 1990. Dr. Stockley has worked closely with the Tulsa County Juvenile Court, the Oklahoma Department of Human Services, the Oklahoma Office of Juvenile Affairs, as well as the Tulsa Boys' Home.
(918) 379-4645 View (918) 379-4645
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tulsa, OK

600+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tulsa, OK who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Health Choice
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Tulsa, OK see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tulsa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.