Therapists in Sterling, VA

Photo of Sakinah Williams, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sakinah Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165  (Online Only)
I am passionate about guiding individuals toward personal growth and healing. By working together, I strive to equip my clients with the tools they need to lead happier, healthier lives. Whether through individual sessions or group therapy, my commitment is to provide a supportive and effective therapeutic experience that promotes lasting positive change. Thank you for visiting my page. I look forward to the opportunity to support you on your journey to well-being and creating a Happier Healthier You.
I am passionate about guiding individuals toward personal growth and healing. By working together, I strive to equip my clients with the tools they need to lead happier, healthier lives. Whether through individual sessions or group therapy, my commitment is to provide a supportive and effective therapeutic experience that promotes lasting positive change. Thank you for visiting my page. I look forward to the opportunity to support you on your journey to well-being and creating a Happier Healthier You.
(571) 569-7716 View (571) 569-7716
Photo of Najwa Mohamed, PsyD, LCP, Psychologist
Najwa Mohamed
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20164
Have you ever wondered why you are the way you are? Why you think the way you think, feel the way you feel, and do the things you do? I believe that psychotherapy can help anyone answer all of those questions and truly discover who they are and how they can help themselves. Imagine what your life would look like if you could identify how you are feeling in the moment, where it's coming from, and how to work through it effectively. My goal is to help you better understand who you are, help you identify your strengths, and provide you with the tools you need to help you achieve your goals and live the life you want.
Have you ever wondered why you are the way you are? Why you think the way you think, feel the way you feel, and do the things you do? I believe that psychotherapy can help anyone answer all of those questions and truly discover who they are and how they can help themselves. Imagine what your life would look like if you could identify how you are feeling in the moment, where it's coming from, and how to work through it effectively. My goal is to help you better understand who you are, help you identify your strengths, and provide you with the tools you need to help you achieve your goals and live the life you want.
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Photo of Ellie Hsieh - Ellie Hsieh, LMFT, LLC, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ellie Hsieh, LMFT, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166
Waitlist for new clients
Are you wanting to change old patterns of relating to your family, your partner, your kids, or your friends? Are you tired of being stuck in the same cycles of worry, fear, sadness, or anger? If so, now is the time to invest in yourself and make your life better. As a compassionate and direct therapist, I incorporate your values, unique life history, and the layers of your identity into the work you do. Your unique socioeconomic, cultural and family history are included and valued. Counseling is tailored to your and your family's needs and personal goals. My overall approach is holistic, focusing on the mind-body-spirit connection.
Are you wanting to change old patterns of relating to your family, your partner, your kids, or your friends? Are you tired of being stuck in the same cycles of worry, fear, sadness, or anger? If so, now is the time to invest in yourself and make your life better. As a compassionate and direct therapist, I incorporate your values, unique life history, and the layers of your identity into the work you do. Your unique socioeconomic, cultural and family history are included and valued. Counseling is tailored to your and your family's needs and personal goals. My overall approach is holistic, focusing on the mind-body-spirit connection.
(703) 537-5193 View (703) 537-5193
Photo of Ava Vaughan, MEd,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ava Vaughan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
Ava has provided counseling for over 13 years. She enjoys working with those who are looking to make a change and with those who simply want to incorporate therapy as a form of selfcare. Ava has experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. She also has extensive knowledge of military life, parenting, and navigating life with a history of trauma.
Ava has provided counseling for over 13 years. She enjoys working with those who are looking to make a change and with those who simply want to incorporate therapy as a form of selfcare. Ava has experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. She also has extensive knowledge of military life, parenting, and navigating life with a history of trauma.
(571) 620-5734 View (571) 620-5734
Photo of Jeffrey Williams, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeffrey Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164  (Online Only)
Therapy should be interactive and dynamic and this is generated from focusing on a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach with a strong grounding in Strengths Perspective. A variety of issues to include Depression and Anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, men's issues, and personality disorders are areas in which I have particular experience in treating. The relationship between therapist and client should be one of trust and competence and it should promote open communication and honesty for change to occur.
Therapy should be interactive and dynamic and this is generated from focusing on a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach with a strong grounding in Strengths Perspective. A variety of issues to include Depression and Anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, men's issues, and personality disorders are areas in which I have particular experience in treating. The relationship between therapist and client should be one of trust and competence and it should promote open communication and honesty for change to occur.
(757) 255-7809 View (757) 255-7809
Photo of Jill A Hagen - The Center for Self-Development, LLC, EdM, CSAC, LPC, LSATP, Licensed Professional Counselor
The Center for Self-Development, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdM, CSAC, LPC, LSATP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
In practice as a psychotherapist for over forty years helping adult men and women find solutions to life's challenges - stop self-sabotaging behaviors, improve relationships, better handle stress, improve communication skills, redirecting one's life after the end of a significant relationship, heal from addictions - to live with purpose and balance. Areas of specialty: substance abuse assessment, treatment and recovery, anxiety and depression management. I work collaboratively with primary care physicians and psychiatrists. I am paneled by a number of major insurance companies. I am qualified within the Commonwealth to provide clinical supervision hours towards LPC licensure in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
In practice as a psychotherapist for over forty years helping adult men and women find solutions to life's challenges - stop self-sabotaging behaviors, improve relationships, better handle stress, improve communication skills, redirecting one's life after the end of a significant relationship, heal from addictions - to live with purpose and balance. Areas of specialty: substance abuse assessment, treatment and recovery, anxiety and depression management. I work collaboratively with primary care physicians and psychiatrists. I am paneled by a number of major insurance companies. I am qualified within the Commonwealth to provide clinical supervision hours towards LPC licensure in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
(703) 879-6966 x3 View (703) 879-6966 x3
Photo of Russell (Russ) Carlton, DMin, LPC, LMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Russell (Russ) Carlton
Licensed Professional Counselor, DMin, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20164  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
For over twenty years I have focused on using the power of positive connections to help individuals and couples in conflict. Unfortunately I am not taking new clients at this time. (Updated 07/14/2024)
For over twenty years I have focused on using the power of positive connections to help individuals and couples in conflict. Unfortunately I am not taking new clients at this time. (Updated 07/14/2024)
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Photo of Caroline Ibrahim, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Caroline Ibrahim
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
Thank you for viewing my profile. Are you experiencing emotional pain? Self-doubt? Relationship problems? Difficulty adjusting to current stressors and life changes? Or is your child and/or family experiencing emotional, academic, or interpersonal difficulties? I am a Clinical Psychologist who values diversity and works hard with you or your family to improve your life and achieve your goals for therapy. I am experienced in working with adults, children, and families with issues related to depression, anxiety, self-esteem/identity, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment to changes, trauma, family conflict, and grief/loss. I also conduct psychological assessments & provide consultations.
Thank you for viewing my profile. Are you experiencing emotional pain? Self-doubt? Relationship problems? Difficulty adjusting to current stressors and life changes? Or is your child and/or family experiencing emotional, academic, or interpersonal difficulties? I am a Clinical Psychologist who values diversity and works hard with you or your family to improve your life and achieve your goals for therapy. I am experienced in working with adults, children, and families with issues related to depression, anxiety, self-esteem/identity, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment to changes, trauma, family conflict, and grief/loss. I also conduct psychological assessments & provide consultations.
(703) 349-7379 View (703) 349-7379
Photo of Ruth Pascoe, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ruth Pascoe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166
Finding our way back to our whole self can be a difficult journey, one that asks us to connect with feelings not yet owned, wounds not yet processed, and longings not yet voiced. When our needs for comfort, validation, protection, and predictability are not met in our relationships, we can be vulnerable to feeling unworthy, unsafe, and that our needs are unimportant. The strategies we have for dealing with our unmet needs often show up in similar patterns for managing stress, distress, and disconnection. Some move towards others, hoping that if we fight loud, long, or hard enough, our pain and anger will eventually be acknowledged.
Finding our way back to our whole self can be a difficult journey, one that asks us to connect with feelings not yet owned, wounds not yet processed, and longings not yet voiced. When our needs for comfort, validation, protection, and predictability are not met in our relationships, we can be vulnerable to feeling unworthy, unsafe, and that our needs are unimportant. The strategies we have for dealing with our unmet needs often show up in similar patterns for managing stress, distress, and disconnection. Some move towards others, hoping that if we fight loud, long, or hard enough, our pain and anger will eventually be acknowledged.
(703) 454-0043 View (703) 454-0043
Photo of Kathleen Saul - Saulais Behavioral LLC, PsyD, ABPP, Psychologist
Saulais Behavioral LLC
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164  (Online Only)
Congratulations on taking your first step towards healing, growth, and self-discovery! Our practitioners are board certified in clinical psychology and have been practicing for over a decade with a wide variety of patients. While practice as generalists (prepared to treat most people), we are particularly skilled with trauma, mood disorders, mood dysregulation, and attachment issues. If we're not the right fit, we have a strong network of referrals and will insure you find a therapist that works for you!
Congratulations on taking your first step towards healing, growth, and self-discovery! Our practitioners are board certified in clinical psychology and have been practicing for over a decade with a wide variety of patients. While practice as generalists (prepared to treat most people), we are particularly skilled with trauma, mood disorders, mood dysregulation, and attachment issues. If we're not the right fit, we have a strong network of referrals and will insure you find a therapist that works for you!
(703) 552-9141 View (703) 552-9141
Photo of Mary Wiggins, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mary Wiggins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
Mary C. Wiggins is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia with over 15 years of experience. She received her Bachelor of Science degree from James Madison University and Master of Education degree from George Mason University in Counseling and Development, Community Agency Counseling. Mary's counseling philosophy and primary approach is to meet the client where they are, working collaboratively with warmth and compassion to tailor each client's treatment around their unique circumstance.
Mary C. Wiggins is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia with over 15 years of experience. She received her Bachelor of Science degree from James Madison University and Master of Education degree from George Mason University in Counseling and Development, Community Agency Counseling. Mary's counseling philosophy and primary approach is to meet the client where they are, working collaboratively with warmth and compassion to tailor each client's treatment around their unique circumstance.
(571) 556-7591 View (571) 556-7591
Photo of Matt Riley, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matt Riley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
I especially enjoy working with men, veterans, senior adults, teens, couples, individuals who are dating or recently divorced, individuals born abroad, and business executives. I work with clients facing challenging situations such as life transitions, business betrayal, recent disability, or career change. They're encountering relationship or marital disconnection. They're deeply re-examining their life and are committed to proactively change, and improve their lives. They seek meaning, purpose, and connection, and have found the courage to rewrite their story.
I especially enjoy working with men, veterans, senior adults, teens, couples, individuals who are dating or recently divorced, individuals born abroad, and business executives. I work with clients facing challenging situations such as life transitions, business betrayal, recent disability, or career change. They're encountering relationship or marital disconnection. They're deeply re-examining their life and are committed to proactively change, and improve their lives. They seek meaning, purpose, and connection, and have found the courage to rewrite their story.
(571) 605-2617 View (571) 605-2617
Photo of Olivia Stoltzfoos, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Olivia Stoltzfoos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
I'm Olivia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Virginia, specializing in the management of anxiety, depression and addiction. I enjoy working with both individuals, as well as couples, to identify problem(s), set goals, and create a plan to collaboratively meet these goals. Through education and support I make space for clients to learn, grow and flourish. I strive to encourage individuals to expand the capacity to which they understand themselves in order to enhance control over their mental health.
I'm Olivia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Virginia, specializing in the management of anxiety, depression and addiction. I enjoy working with both individuals, as well as couples, to identify problem(s), set goals, and create a plan to collaboratively meet these goals. Through education and support I make space for clients to learn, grow and flourish. I strive to encourage individuals to expand the capacity to which they understand themselves in order to enhance control over their mental health.
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Photo of Stephen Deddens, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephen Deddens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
Stephen Deddens is an LCSW, who has been practicing since 1997. He graduated from Virginia Commonwealth University with an MSW in child and family studies. He also holds other advanced degrees. Stephen utilizes a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach with openness to an array of other helpful modalities (e. g. mindfulness). His main focus includes supporting a productive and fulfilling balance of thought with emotion. In his spare time Stephen enjoys biking, hiking, and reading along with small construction projects.
Stephen Deddens is an LCSW, who has been practicing since 1997. He graduated from Virginia Commonwealth University with an MSW in child and family studies. He also holds other advanced degrees. Stephen utilizes a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach with openness to an array of other helpful modalities (e. g. mindfulness). His main focus includes supporting a productive and fulfilling balance of thought with emotion. In his spare time Stephen enjoys biking, hiking, and reading along with small construction projects.
(540) 452-9589 View (540) 452-9589
Photo of Michael Tavolacci, MA, LPC-R
Michael Tavolacci
Resident in Counseling, MA, LPC-R
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20166
I specialize working with adults, young adults, and teens struggling with a variety of issues. I have experience working with issues related to anxiety, stress, self-esteem, depression, and trauma, among others. It is my belief that people have move toward growth and have an innate capacity to change. My hope is that I can help you realize your inner strength to make those changes in your life. I utilize a person-centered and strength-based approach to counseling, working with clients to explore their inner world, meeting them where they are at, and addressing their unique life challenges.
I specialize working with adults, young adults, and teens struggling with a variety of issues. I have experience working with issues related to anxiety, stress, self-esteem, depression, and trauma, among others. It is my belief that people have move toward growth and have an innate capacity to change. My hope is that I can help you realize your inner strength to make those changes in your life. I utilize a person-centered and strength-based approach to counseling, working with clients to explore their inner world, meeting them where they are at, and addressing their unique life challenges.
(703) 705-2765 View (703) 705-2765
Photo of Roger Drew, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Roger Drew
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164
I provide individual and group therapy to create opportunities for individual and emotional growth using tools from NLP, Hypnosis, CBT, and other emotional and linguistic models to allow clients to examine their interpretations of reality to create more emotional balance and function. I use QEEG's brain maps and behavioral assessments to provide an inclusive treatment approach of talk therapy and neuro-physio training so clients gain a broader awareness and foundation for change.
I provide individual and group therapy to create opportunities for individual and emotional growth using tools from NLP, Hypnosis, CBT, and other emotional and linguistic models to allow clients to examine their interpretations of reality to create more emotional balance and function. I use QEEG's brain maps and behavioral assessments to provide an inclusive treatment approach of talk therapy and neuro-physio training so clients gain a broader awareness and foundation for change.
(571) 429-9131 View (571) 429-9131
Photo of Shafinah Samsudin, LPC, CSAC, CSOTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shafinah Samsudin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166
It can be challenging and stressful to find a therapist and share your feelings with a stranger. I am committed to helping you be comfortable and validate your feelings to make this process easier. In my approach, I would like to explore the root of the problem and help you towards personal growth and healing. My focus would be to help you make healthy decisions through a new mindset which will help restore balance and freedom in your life.
It can be challenging and stressful to find a therapist and share your feelings with a stranger. I am committed to helping you be comfortable and validate your feelings to make this process easier. In my approach, I would like to explore the root of the problem and help you towards personal growth and healing. My focus would be to help you make healthy decisions through a new mindset which will help restore balance and freedom in your life.
(703) 782-8735 View (703) 782-8735
Photo of Charly Volk, LCSW, C-DBT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charly Volk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165  (Online Only)
Charly Volk is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 10 plus years of experience providing therapeutic and behavioral health services for numerous mental health areas and a wide ranging of clientele base from ages 6 and up. Charly received her Master's Degree from the University of Connecticut, and earned a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology with a Minor in Spanish. Charly is passionate about raising awareness of the critical importance of mental health in every community. She wants her clients to know she supports and values them, and always builds tailored treatment plans to accommodate their unique issues or concerns.
Charly Volk is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 10 plus years of experience providing therapeutic and behavioral health services for numerous mental health areas and a wide ranging of clientele base from ages 6 and up. Charly received her Master's Degree from the University of Connecticut, and earned a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology with a Minor in Spanish. Charly is passionate about raising awareness of the critical importance of mental health in every community. She wants her clients to know she supports and values them, and always builds tailored treatment plans to accommodate their unique issues or concerns.
(571) 931-2608 View (571) 931-2608
Photo of Annie Chen, MS
Annie Chen
Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy, MS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
I believe that helping others means looking at the bigger picture in their lives, not just their mental well-being. I believe the broader perspective deepens our understanding of their experiences. While I work with all individuals and couples/families, I am most passionate about helping couples struggling with high conflict situations, working on improving their communication, rebuilding their connection, and having difficulty adjusting to life changes. I aim to create a supportive and understanding environment for couples and families, helping them break free from unhealthy cycles and patterns.
I believe that helping others means looking at the bigger picture in their lives, not just their mental well-being. I believe the broader perspective deepens our understanding of their experiences. While I work with all individuals and couples/families, I am most passionate about helping couples struggling with high conflict situations, working on improving their communication, rebuilding their connection, and having difficulty adjusting to life changes. I aim to create a supportive and understanding environment for couples and families, helping them break free from unhealthy cycles and patterns.
(703) 783-3639 View (703) 783-3639
Photo of Judith Slowey-Brown - All Is Well Counseling PLLC, LPC, Counselor
All Is Well Counseling PLLC
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
Being stuck in problem saturated stories which are holding you back can lead to all too familiar unsatisfying feelings, repeated behaviors and thinking patterns. The intention behind our work together is to develop a relationship of trust, and support to solve. Become more calm, confident, self- compassionate and empowered as we discover your stories. In doing so you will bring meaning, healing, fulfilment and purpose to your life.
Being stuck in problem saturated stories which are holding you back can lead to all too familiar unsatisfying feelings, repeated behaviors and thinking patterns. The intention behind our work together is to develop a relationship of trust, and support to solve. Become more calm, confident, self- compassionate and empowered as we discover your stories. In doing so you will bring meaning, healing, fulfilment and purpose to your life.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sterling, VA

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Sterling, VA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
93% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Life Transitions
69% Stress
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Anthem
68% CareFirst

How Therapists in Sterling, VA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sterling?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.