Therapists in Riverwoods, IL

Photo of Oksoon Cho - Chicago Mental Health Institute, PhD, NCC, LCPC, ACS, Counselor
Chicago Mental Health Institute
Counselor, PhD, NCC, LCPC, ACS
Verified Verified
Riverwoods, IL 60015
Dr. Oksoon Cho is the founder of the Chicago Mental Health Institute (CMHI) and a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, a counselor educator, and clinical supervisor. Her approach is integrative with Multicultural Counseling, Client-Centered, CBT, Mindfulness, Trauma-Focused, EMDR, Strength-Based, and play therapy. CMHI provides in-person sessions and telemental health services for culturally diverse clients in English and Korean. To meet our professional team, visit www.KOREANcounseling.com and www.CHICAGOmhi.com.
Dr. Oksoon Cho is the founder of the Chicago Mental Health Institute (CMHI) and a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, a counselor educator, and clinical supervisor. Her approach is integrative with Multicultural Counseling, Client-Centered, CBT, Mindfulness, Trauma-Focused, EMDR, Strength-Based, and play therapy. CMHI provides in-person sessions and telemental health services for culturally diverse clients in English and Korean. To meet our professional team, visit www.KOREANcounseling.com and www.CHICAGOmhi.com.
(630) 556-8162 View (630) 556-8162
Photo of Barbara Siegel, LCPC, ICDVP, CCTP, Counselor
Barbara Siegel
Counselor, LCPC, ICDVP, CCTP
Verified Verified
Riverwoods, IL 60015
Divorce is a difficult transition. It is an emotional upheaval that unleashes a multitude of fears and losses. In my 25 years of experience, the men and women I have counseled who were facing divorce, showed a marked improvement when they had a supported safe place to work through their fears, mourn their losses, and move on with their lives. I offer counseling to help reduce the anxiety and de-escalate these emotions while helping you to have a better understanding of the legal process. My extensive legal knowledge and experience can save you time and money as you navigate the legal system.
Divorce is a difficult transition. It is an emotional upheaval that unleashes a multitude of fears and losses. In my 25 years of experience, the men and women I have counseled who were facing divorce, showed a marked improvement when they had a supported safe place to work through their fears, mourn their losses, and move on with their lives. I offer counseling to help reduce the anxiety and de-escalate these emotions while helping you to have a better understanding of the legal process. My extensive legal knowledge and experience can save you time and money as you navigate the legal system.
(224) 231-6925 View (224) 231-6925
Photo of Maria N Feldgreber, MS, LCPC
Maria N Feldgreber
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Riverwoods, IL 60015
I am committed to providing high quality psychological care for individuals, children and families who are facing a variety of issues in their lives. Whether your needs are for short-term problem solving or long-term growth work, we can work collaboratively to create goals for the future. Helping clients with issues such as ADD/ODD, Behavior Issues, Depression and Anxiety, Divorce issues, Family Counseling, Grief Counseling, Hospice Counseling, Individual Counseling and School Issues.
I am committed to providing high quality psychological care for individuals, children and families who are facing a variety of issues in their lives. Whether your needs are for short-term problem solving or long-term growth work, we can work collaboratively to create goals for the future. Helping clients with issues such as ADD/ODD, Behavior Issues, Depression and Anxiety, Divorce issues, Family Counseling, Grief Counseling, Hospice Counseling, Individual Counseling and School Issues.
(224) 249-6006 View (224) 249-6006
Photo of Lisa Moss, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa Moss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Riverwoods, IL 60015
Waitlist for new clients
As a clinical social worker, I see myself as a coach, working to reduce anxiety by identifying the patterns that have created problems and stress in your life and formulating a plan for change. I believe change is possible at any age or stage of life. As a certified Parenting Effectiveness Instructor, I can support parents in improving communication with their children, reducing power struggles and managing their own anxiety to become more confident and effective.
As a clinical social worker, I see myself as a coach, working to reduce anxiety by identifying the patterns that have created problems and stress in your life and formulating a plan for change. I believe change is possible at any age or stage of life. As a certified Parenting Effectiveness Instructor, I can support parents in improving communication with their children, reducing power struggles and managing their own anxiety to become more confident and effective.
(847) 834-9953 View (847) 834-9953
Photo of April Lococo, LCPC, CADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
April Lococo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Riverwoods, IL 60015
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with 10 years post-master’s degree diverse clinical experience with children, adolescents, and adults. It is an essential part of my therapeutic approach to implement evidence-based best practices while encouraging cultural awareness, diversity, and inclusion.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with 10 years post-master’s degree diverse clinical experience with children, adolescents, and adults. It is an essential part of my therapeutic approach to implement evidence-based best practices while encouraging cultural awareness, diversity, and inclusion.
(708) 726-3144 View (708) 726-3144
Photo of Teresa Gonzalez, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Teresa Gonzalez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Riverwoods, IL 60015
Are you noticing that at times life is difficult to cope with? Do you want to gain a deeper understanding of yourself in an effort to promote overall wellness? I understand that the healing process can become a bit frustrating and confusing, overcoming the challenges of life is not always easy. I fully recognize that every individual has a different background and deals with a unique set of challenges. But we have the capacity to get up from each fall and regain strength to move forward. If we give ourselves the opportunity, this can be something that can make us strong and resilient people. Thank you for taking the step to be here.
Are you noticing that at times life is difficult to cope with? Do you want to gain a deeper understanding of yourself in an effort to promote overall wellness? I understand that the healing process can become a bit frustrating and confusing, overcoming the challenges of life is not always easy. I fully recognize that every individual has a different background and deals with a unique set of challenges. But we have the capacity to get up from each fall and regain strength to move forward. If we give ourselves the opportunity, this can be something that can make us strong and resilient people. Thank you for taking the step to be here.
View
Photo of Alyse A Rynor, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alyse A Rynor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Riverwoods, IL 60015  (Online Only)
It's essential for you, as a woman, to have a safe place to discuss your concerns. Whether navigating a challenging relationship, a demanding family member, facing workplace difficulties, or a personal issue, you’re not alone. I’m here to help. Please don’t let the idea of "telehealth" deter you. I strive to make our virtual sessions feel as connective as in-person ones, with a therapy style that is supportive and non-judgmental. As we work together to bring clarity to your unique situation, we may also build strategies for you to feel more empowered to live life as the woman you are.
It's essential for you, as a woman, to have a safe place to discuss your concerns. Whether navigating a challenging relationship, a demanding family member, facing workplace difficulties, or a personal issue, you’re not alone. I’m here to help. Please don’t let the idea of "telehealth" deter you. I strive to make our virtual sessions feel as connective as in-person ones, with a therapy style that is supportive and non-judgmental. As we work together to bring clarity to your unique situation, we may also build strategies for you to feel more empowered to live life as the woman you are.
(847) 443-9547 View (847) 443-9547

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Janet Robinson, PhD, Psychologist
Janet Robinson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
I enjoy working collaboratively with individuals who are looking to make positive changes in their self-esteem, relationships, and effectiveness in the world. I look to help them understand the context in which their unhealthy behavior patterns emerged, and then use this understanding to make practical, lasting improvements. I tailor my therapeutic approach to each client based on their personality, needs, and goals. In my 30 years of practicing, I have seen the life-changing work that can be done by a well-matched therapist and client.
I enjoy working collaboratively with individuals who are looking to make positive changes in their self-esteem, relationships, and effectiveness in the world. I look to help them understand the context in which their unhealthy behavior patterns emerged, and then use this understanding to make practical, lasting improvements. I tailor my therapeutic approach to each client based on their personality, needs, and goals. In my 30 years of practicing, I have seen the life-changing work that can be done by a well-matched therapist and client.
(847) 613-4339 View (847) 613-4339
Photo of Martine Gorstein, PsyD, Psychologist
Martine Gorstein
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Highland Park, IL 60035
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 18 years of experience. I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples and families who are struggling with a wide range of issues. I work towards providing an atmosphere of comfort and trust where individuals feel safe exploring their thoughts and feelings and understanding their difficulties. I believe there is no "one size fits all" form of therapy and I utilize various interventions to fit my clients needs and circumstances. I work collaboratively with my clients utilizing a variety of therapeutic modalities. I am described as warm, engaging, caring, accepting and insightful.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 18 years of experience. I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples and families who are struggling with a wide range of issues. I work towards providing an atmosphere of comfort and trust where individuals feel safe exploring their thoughts and feelings and understanding their difficulties. I believe there is no "one size fits all" form of therapy and I utilize various interventions to fit my clients needs and circumstances. I work collaboratively with my clients utilizing a variety of therapeutic modalities. I am described as warm, engaging, caring, accepting and insightful.
(847) 564-1800 x4 View (847) 564-1800 x4
Photo of Neal J Gordon, EdD, SC, Psychologist
Neal J Gordon
Psychologist, EdD, SC
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Together we will identify what leads you to want to meet with a therapist, what you hope to accomplish in those meetings, and steps to achieve your goals. Finding the right words to describe the situation you are in and the feelings you hold occurs more readily when there is time set aside for those conversations, when judgment is suspended, and where comfort is pervasive. I try to create with you all the ingredients to accomplish those goals.
Together we will identify what leads you to want to meet with a therapist, what you hope to accomplish in those meetings, and steps to achieve your goals. Finding the right words to describe the situation you are in and the feelings you hold occurs more readily when there is time set aside for those conversations, when judgment is suspended, and where comfort is pervasive. I try to create with you all the ingredients to accomplish those goals.
(847) 915-4031 View (847) 915-4031
Photo of Lynette Vedrine, Psychologist
Lynette Vedrine
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Waitlist for new clients
How are you with what you're feeling and not feeling? When a person is consumed with difficulties, life is a chore, often filled with anxiety, dread, pervasive unhappiness or no feeling at all. My goal is to help you achieve the perspective in your life that provides room for pleasure, acceptance, fulfilling relationships and a capacity to cope positively with life struggles. Through exploring together, we discover insights that can facilitate active behavioral change, improved management of symptoms and a sense of well being. Treatment is specific and individual, evolving progressively from the unique juxtaposition of your needs and responses.
How are you with what you're feeling and not feeling? When a person is consumed with difficulties, life is a chore, often filled with anxiety, dread, pervasive unhappiness or no feeling at all. My goal is to help you achieve the perspective in your life that provides room for pleasure, acceptance, fulfilling relationships and a capacity to cope positively with life struggles. Through exploring together, we discover insights that can facilitate active behavioral change, improved management of symptoms and a sense of well being. Treatment is specific and individual, evolving progressively from the unique juxtaposition of your needs and responses.
(847) 868-3381 View (847) 868-3381
Photo of Noah C Weinstein, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Noah C Weinstein
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Highland Park, IL 60035
What would it feel like to be kinder to yourself? To lessen the self-judgment. To be able to express sadness, disappointment and anger in a caring environment. To no longer feel so alone. I'd like to accompany you on this journey. To hear and validate you. To work together toward developing more empowering coping and communication strategies for you individually and within relationships. As you determine our course, I will partner with empathy and stability. So, if together we begin doing this work of your life, I'm confident you'll soon become happier, more peaceful and connected.
What would it feel like to be kinder to yourself? To lessen the self-judgment. To be able to express sadness, disappointment and anger in a caring environment. To no longer feel so alone. I'd like to accompany you on this journey. To hear and validate you. To work together toward developing more empowering coping and communication strategies for you individually and within relationships. As you determine our course, I will partner with empathy and stability. So, if together we begin doing this work of your life, I'm confident you'll soon become happier, more peaceful and connected.
(312) 789-5424 View (312) 789-5424
Photo of Nicole Gerber, PsyD, Psychologist
Nicole Gerber
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and have been in private practice since 1998. I am the co-founder of Lakeshore Psychology Group (click on the website link to learn more). I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families struggling with a range of issues. I provide a safe environment to help people feel at ease discussing their thoughts and feelings. My style of therapy is interactive, engaging and direct. I have been described as genuine, accessible, caring, empathic, and an advocate for my clients. I work collaboratively with my clients to help them find the necessary tools to grow, develop, and achieve their goals.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and have been in private practice since 1998. I am the co-founder of Lakeshore Psychology Group (click on the website link to learn more). I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families struggling with a range of issues. I provide a safe environment to help people feel at ease discussing their thoughts and feelings. My style of therapy is interactive, engaging and direct. I have been described as genuine, accessible, caring, empathic, and an advocate for my clients. I work collaboratively with my clients to help them find the necessary tools to grow, develop, and achieve their goals.
(847) 266-2717 View (847) 266-2717
Photo of Nick J Sotor - Chicago Behavior Therapy, PsyD, DBT-LBC, Psychologist
Chicago Behavior Therapy
Psychologist, PsyD, DBT-LBC
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Sculpting meaning from our lives can be challenging especially during difficult times. I am a licensed clinical Psychologist who provides evidence-based therapies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Prolonged Exposure Therapy, and am a Linehan Board Certified clinician with an expertise in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). I have an expertise treating a wide range of mental disorders with a specific focus on problems of emotional dysregulation including depression, anxiety, PTSD, and personality disorders.
Sculpting meaning from our lives can be challenging especially during difficult times. I am a licensed clinical Psychologist who provides evidence-based therapies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Prolonged Exposure Therapy, and am a Linehan Board Certified clinician with an expertise in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). I have an expertise treating a wide range of mental disorders with a specific focus on problems of emotional dysregulation including depression, anxiety, PTSD, and personality disorders.
(224) 300-7816 View (224) 300-7816
Photo of Melissa Mondschain, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Melissa Mondschain
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Highland Park, IL 60035  (Online Only)
My professional services are dedicated to creating a safe space for individuals, couples and families to make changes in their lives. I bring a balance of open-hearted listening, practical counsel and a deep belief that each person holds clear and meaningful answers within themselves. In my counseling practice, I work collaboratively with you to access that inner wisdom in a respectful and focused manner. I aspire to help you create a life in which you and your loved ones can thrive.
My professional services are dedicated to creating a safe space for individuals, couples and families to make changes in their lives. I bring a balance of open-hearted listening, practical counsel and a deep belief that each person holds clear and meaningful answers within themselves. In my counseling practice, I work collaboratively with you to access that inner wisdom in a respectful and focused manner. I aspire to help you create a life in which you and your loved ones can thrive.
(847) 393-4223 View (847) 393-4223
Photo of Lisa Dvorak, MBA, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa Dvorak
Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Lincolnshire, IL 60069
Do you long to have more fulfilling relationships? Is pain from your past or worry about the future stealing your joy to live in the present? I am here for you during difficult seasons and hold a safe space for healing and growth.
Do you long to have more fulfilling relationships? Is pain from your past or worry about the future stealing your joy to live in the present? I am here for you during difficult seasons and hold a safe space for healing and growth.
(847) 649-6389 View (847) 649-6389
Photo of Dr. Marissa Kol, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Marissa Kol
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Highland Park, IL 60035
Hi! I’m Dr. Marissa, a trauma, grief and loss specialist for children, teens and families. My background includes 20+ years facilitating group and individual bereavement and trauma supportive services, pediatric medical inpatient and outpatient work with children and families, and individual and family therapy in Private Practice.
Hi! I’m Dr. Marissa, a trauma, grief and loss specialist for children, teens and families. My background includes 20+ years facilitating group and individual bereavement and trauma supportive services, pediatric medical inpatient and outpatient work with children and families, and individual and family therapy in Private Practice.
(224) 487-8811 View (224) 487-8811
Photo of Carol L Dreyer, LMFT, LCPC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carol L Dreyer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
My ideal client is looking for a supportive environment to sort out what is bothering them in a collaborative manner. As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist I specialize in couples and families at all stages of marital distress and conflict, re-marital,premarital, infidelity, family problems, empty nesters, and aging parents. I will work with you to find effective solutions to the challenges you are facing. We will work to identify your strengths and weaknesses keeping your goals at the forefront of our work together.
My ideal client is looking for a supportive environment to sort out what is bothering them in a collaborative manner. As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist I specialize in couples and families at all stages of marital distress and conflict, re-marital,premarital, infidelity, family problems, empty nesters, and aging parents. I will work with you to find effective solutions to the challenges you are facing. We will work to identify your strengths and weaknesses keeping your goals at the forefront of our work together.
(847) 558-6563 View (847) 558-6563
Photo of Paul Nevin, PsyD, Psychologist
Paul Nevin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bannockburn, IL 60015
At Heart Light, we believe that personal growth is a natural and empowering journey that ultimately belongs to you. Unlike some mental health professionals who see themselves as fixers, we view our role as facilitators of your process. We are here to provide support when needed while encouraging you to discover your own strengths. Our goal is to guide and empower you as you navigate life's challenges, helping you achieve a fulfilling and balanced life. Ready to explore your potential? Visit our website to learn more.
At Heart Light, we believe that personal growth is a natural and empowering journey that ultimately belongs to you. Unlike some mental health professionals who see themselves as fixers, we view our role as facilitators of your process. We are here to provide support when needed while encouraging you to discover your own strengths. Our goal is to guide and empower you as you navigate life's challenges, helping you achieve a fulfilling and balanced life. Ready to explore your potential? Visit our website to learn more.
(847) 886-9462 View (847) 886-9462
Photo of Meredith A Wood, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Meredith A Wood
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
I view myself as a co-pilot. I am a co-facilitator on the client's journey of self-exploration, insight, growth and change. It is important to build the foundation of a safe therapuetic relationship in which a client has the ability to heal old wounds, re-discover their strengths, awaken passions, spark their creativity, and re-awaken joy. A mutually agreed upon treatment plan will be created to meet the clients unique needs. While engaging in psychotherapy it is common to address a variety emotions. Patience, compassion, self-care and healthy boundaries assist the client in navigating through these difficult emotions.
I view myself as a co-pilot. I am a co-facilitator on the client's journey of self-exploration, insight, growth and change. It is important to build the foundation of a safe therapuetic relationship in which a client has the ability to heal old wounds, re-discover their strengths, awaken passions, spark their creativity, and re-awaken joy. A mutually agreed upon treatment plan will be created to meet the clients unique needs. While engaging in psychotherapy it is common to address a variety emotions. Patience, compassion, self-care and healthy boundaries assist the client in navigating through these difficult emotions.
(847) 469-4177 View (847) 469-4177

See more therapy options for Riverwoods

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Riverwoods, IL

< 10

Therapists in Riverwoods, IL who prioritize treating:

100% Self Esteem
86% Relationship Issues
86% Depression
86% Grief
86% Women's Issues
71% Anxiety
71% Spirituality

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Cigna and Evernorth
50% Aetna

How Therapists in Riverwoods, IL see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Riverwoods?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.