Therapists in Paris, IL

Photo of Heather L Melton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather L Melton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Paris, IL 61944
Are you ready to establish healthy boundaries in your relationships, whether they are with romantic partners, children, parents, or employers? I can empower you throughout this process. I am also passionate about helping trauma survivors, including first responders, learn effective coping strategies to process your pain, and embark on a genuine journey toward healing. Additionally, I love working with children and parents to strengthen relationships, increase emotion regulation skills, boost confidence, and address challenges like parenting frustration, attention issues, and outbursts.
Are you ready to establish healthy boundaries in your relationships, whether they are with romantic partners, children, parents, or employers? I can empower you throughout this process. I am also passionate about helping trauma survivors, including first responders, learn effective coping strategies to process your pain, and embark on a genuine journey toward healing. Additionally, I love working with children and parents to strengthen relationships, increase emotion regulation skills, boost confidence, and address challenges like parenting frustration, attention issues, and outbursts.
(217) 269-5737 View (217) 269-5737
Photo of Chanel Hampton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chanel Hampton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Paris, IL 61944
It takes great courage to acknowledge and embrace the things that challenge us. I understand this strength and the importance of starting the journey to change the things that no longer serve you. I am a compassionate therapist trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities. I have worked in social services for over ten years, working in various capacities, from medical social workers to therapists. I seek to help individuals and families address anxiety, depression, and trauma issues. I believe that healing takes place by identifying the source of the problem. The therapy hour is a sacred time of healing owned by the client.
It takes great courage to acknowledge and embrace the things that challenge us. I understand this strength and the importance of starting the journey to change the things that no longer serve you. I am a compassionate therapist trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities. I have worked in social services for over ten years, working in various capacities, from medical social workers to therapists. I seek to help individuals and families address anxiety, depression, and trauma issues. I believe that healing takes place by identifying the source of the problem. The therapy hour is a sacred time of healing owned by the client.
(708) 847-9874 View (708) 847-9874
Photo of Pamela R. Miller, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Pamela R. Miller
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Paris, IL 61944
If you're ready to make a change and move in a new direction or if you're just looking for extra support and guidance with daily stressors, I can assist you in making changes toward a positive direction. Whether it is relationship, divorce or marriage issues, anxiety/depression, grief/loss or parenting problems, we can help. As a nationally licensed, clinical therapist, I use evidence based treatments to help you learn healthy life choices for a healthy balance! Today you are one step closer to a new you, on a path to health, well-being and life balance.
If you're ready to make a change and move in a new direction or if you're just looking for extra support and guidance with daily stressors, I can assist you in making changes toward a positive direction. Whether it is relationship, divorce or marriage issues, anxiety/depression, grief/loss or parenting problems, we can help. As a nationally licensed, clinical therapist, I use evidence based treatments to help you learn healthy life choices for a healthy balance! Today you are one step closer to a new you, on a path to health, well-being and life balance.
(217) 919-0395 View (217) 919-0395
Photo of Janel B Quillin, MSW, LCSW, RPT-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janel B Quillin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Paris, IL 61944
Over the past several years I have enjoyed working with children, adolescents and adults. Helping people as they journey through a variety of life circumstances, has been a privilege. Parenting, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, abuse, adoptive families and behavioral problems are some areas in which I have the most experience.
Over the past several years I have enjoyed working with children, adolescents and adults. Helping people as they journey through a variety of life circumstances, has been a privilege. Parenting, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, abuse, adoptive families and behavioral problems are some areas in which I have the most experience.
(812) 362-5136 View (812) 362-5136
Photo of Dave Hunter, LCPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dave Hunter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paris, IL 61944  (Online Only)
I am an independent contractor working with Neuro Harmony, LLC. I most enjoy working with folks struggling with trauma, ADD, BPD, NDE's, and who consider themselves "quirky" or "misfits." Often they are simply seeking validation - reassurance that they are not actually "crazy" - and have the curiosity, sense of humor and resilience needed to undertake existential adventures. Like most of us, what they are basically seeking is contentment and peace of mind.
I am an independent contractor working with Neuro Harmony, LLC. I most enjoy working with folks struggling with trauma, ADD, BPD, NDE's, and who consider themselves "quirky" or "misfits." Often they are simply seeking validation - reassurance that they are not actually "crazy" - and have the curiosity, sense of humor and resilience needed to undertake existential adventures. Like most of us, what they are basically seeking is contentment and peace of mind.
(217) 634-6690 View (217) 634-6690

Online Therapists

Photo of Nicolas Gudino, LCPC, Counselor
Nicolas Gudino
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, IL 61704
Nicolas Gudino is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 15 years of clinical experience. Nicolas earned a Masters of Arts Degree in Human Development Counseling - Clinical Mental Health from Bradley University. He is certified as a National Certified Counselor through NBCC and has provided services in community, residential, and hospital settings. Nicolas works with teens and adults experiencing varied mental and behavioral health concerns. In providing therapy services he aims to guide individuals in handling everyday stressors as well as significant life events.
Nicolas Gudino is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 15 years of clinical experience. Nicolas earned a Masters of Arts Degree in Human Development Counseling - Clinical Mental Health from Bradley University. He is certified as a National Certified Counselor through NBCC and has provided services in community, residential, and hospital settings. Nicolas works with teens and adults experiencing varied mental and behavioral health concerns. In providing therapy services he aims to guide individuals in handling everyday stressors as well as significant life events.
(309) 274-0713 View (309) 274-0713
Photo of Brandon Aguiar, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brandon Aguiar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a Master’s Degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. I enjoy working with teens and young adults. I look at situations through an empathetic lens and use humor to enhance the therapeutic alliance. My areas of interest are depression, anxiety, ADHD, PTSD, bullying, conflict in relationships, challenges in schools, and behavioral management.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a Master’s Degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. I enjoy working with teens and young adults. I look at situations through an empathetic lens and use humor to enhance the therapeutic alliance. My areas of interest are depression, anxiety, ADHD, PTSD, bullying, conflict in relationships, challenges in schools, and behavioral management.
(217) 394-5291 View (217) 394-5291
Photo of Dr. Nancy Goodrich Mitts, PhD, LCP, Psychologist
Dr. Nancy Goodrich Mitts
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61822  (Online Only)
Are you feeling lost and completely overwhelmed? Have you found yourself struggling to cope and feeling burnt out lately? Are you wanting to heal from past trauma? Maybe you've been feeling on edge and out of control when things go wrong. You may be having a hard time in your relationships and wonder if you're the problem because you've always felt lonely, unwanted, and disconnected. Or maybe you've noticed that you're extra hard on yourself and are struggling with the sense that deep down you're not good enough. If any of these descriptions resonate with you, please know that you're not alone and we can figure things out together.
Are you feeling lost and completely overwhelmed? Have you found yourself struggling to cope and feeling burnt out lately? Are you wanting to heal from past trauma? Maybe you've been feeling on edge and out of control when things go wrong. You may be having a hard time in your relationships and wonder if you're the problem because you've always felt lonely, unwanted, and disconnected. Or maybe you've noticed that you're extra hard on yourself and are struggling with the sense that deep down you're not good enough. If any of these descriptions resonate with you, please know that you're not alone and we can figure things out together.
(217) 387-3913 View (217) 387-3913
Photo of Dean Brown, JD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dean Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61822
My overall goal is to guide my clients to experience improved mental health and the empowerment needed to continue and maintain the improvements they attain. I do consider myself a generalist and am comfortable with most populations. I have experience working in outpatient settings, residential treatment centers, and inpatient psychiatric settings. My specialties include depression, anxiety, bi-polar and relationship issues, as well as numerous other issues affecting emotional and social well being. I strongly believe in therapy that is strength-based and tailored to the individual client's needs.
My overall goal is to guide my clients to experience improved mental health and the empowerment needed to continue and maintain the improvements they attain. I do consider myself a generalist and am comfortable with most populations. I have experience working in outpatient settings, residential treatment centers, and inpatient psychiatric settings. My specialties include depression, anxiety, bi-polar and relationship issues, as well as numerous other issues affecting emotional and social well being. I strongly believe in therapy that is strength-based and tailored to the individual client's needs.
(217) 383-0437 View (217) 383-0437
Photo of Sara Thompson, MA, LCPC
Sara Thompson
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomington, IL 61701
Now accepting new clients! At times life can feel overwhelming with limited resources for care, support, and true healing. When you find yourself asking, “what is wrong with me,” I find it helpful instead to be curious about what happened to you and how your story is a resource to helping unlock ways in which you feel stuck in painful emotions or unhelpful behaviors. Often, we need a compassionate and non-judgmental presence to guide us through these parts of our lives and I am committed to creating that space for clients to enter their journey toward deep, lasting healing & flourishing.
Now accepting new clients! At times life can feel overwhelming with limited resources for care, support, and true healing. When you find yourself asking, “what is wrong with me,” I find it helpful instead to be curious about what happened to you and how your story is a resource to helping unlock ways in which you feel stuck in painful emotions or unhelpful behaviors. Often, we need a compassionate and non-judgmental presence to guide us through these parts of our lives and I am committed to creating that space for clients to enter their journey toward deep, lasting healing & flourishing.
(309) 248-6794 View (309) 248-6794
Photo of Johnathan Fluker - Fluke Therapeutic Counseling LLC , MSc, Pre-Licensed Professional
Fluke Therapeutic Counseling LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Decatur, IL 62521  (Online Only)
Throughout this journey in life both adults and adolescents encounter obstacles, troubles, and trauma. While doing so it can be very beneficial to have a safe space for support, care, and growth. It is my privilege to have the opportunity to assist clients with navigating through a time in their life in such a way that would bring a better understanding and clarity to their emotions and feelings. My greatest hope would be to help create a more meaningful, healthy, and purposeful lifestyle. I focus in the areas of anxiety, depression, grief, loss, separation, divorce, and trauma just to name a few.
Throughout this journey in life both adults and adolescents encounter obstacles, troubles, and trauma. While doing so it can be very beneficial to have a safe space for support, care, and growth. It is my privilege to have the opportunity to assist clients with navigating through a time in their life in such a way that would bring a better understanding and clarity to their emotions and feelings. My greatest hope would be to help create a more meaningful, healthy, and purposeful lifestyle. I focus in the areas of anxiety, depression, grief, loss, separation, divorce, and trauma just to name a few.
(217) 275-2162 View (217) 275-2162
Photo of Rozalyn (Roz) Engle, MA, LCPC
Rozalyn (Roz) Engle
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Decatur, IL 62526  (Online Only)
I am an Illinois- based Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and U.S. Army Veteran. I have worked in the human services for over 20 years. Including, substance use, depression, anxiety, LGBT, anger, and self esteem.
I am an Illinois- based Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and U.S. Army Veteran. I have worked in the human services for over 20 years. Including, substance use, depression, anxiety, LGBT, anger, and self esteem.
(217) 636-5291 View (217) 636-5291
Photo of Laura Karr, MA, LCPC, CCTP-II
Laura Karr
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Heyworth, IL 61745
Now accepting new clients! When we are struggling in life, feeling stuck, hurt, confused, or alone, we all deserve a place to talk with someone who we know will not judge or shame us, but instead who will walk alongside us and help us create change, finding our hope and strength. I believe that you were designed to heal and you have everything you need inside you. If you are feeling overwhelmed, it's okay to reach out for help, support, or guidance so that you can move towards the life you want to live.
Now accepting new clients! When we are struggling in life, feeling stuck, hurt, confused, or alone, we all deserve a place to talk with someone who we know will not judge or shame us, but instead who will walk alongside us and help us create change, finding our hope and strength. I believe that you were designed to heal and you have everything you need inside you. If you are feeling overwhelmed, it's okay to reach out for help, support, or guidance so that you can move towards the life you want to live.
(309) 328-3281 View (309) 328-3281
Photo of George W Cook, LCSW, LCPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
George W Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61821
I am an experienced clinician providing support to individuals and families on a long continuum of mental health challenges - from managing adjustment issues to complex experiences of trauma and abuse. My overall focus is to increase adaptive thinking and life skills to effectively manage challenges such as depression, anxiety, situational stress, or persistent patterns of unhelpful behavior choices. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Person Centered Therapy are my primary modalities of psychotherapy intervention.
I am an experienced clinician providing support to individuals and families on a long continuum of mental health challenges - from managing adjustment issues to complex experiences of trauma and abuse. My overall focus is to increase adaptive thinking and life skills to effectively manage challenges such as depression, anxiety, situational stress, or persistent patterns of unhelpful behavior choices. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Person Centered Therapy are my primary modalities of psychotherapy intervention.
(844) 846-8351 View (844) 846-8351
Photo of Dawn M Schierl, MA, LCPC, Therapist, Counselor
Dawn M Schierl
Counselor, MA, LCPC, Therapist
Verified Verified
Clinton, IL 61727
Patients whom engage in treatment with me, as their therapist, will be given a safe outlet and the development of trust within the relationship. Patients will be given the opportunity to share events, emotions, and perceptions of circumstances which have led them to needing mental health therapy. Our goal within therapy is to review the past and focus on the here and now to achieve personal happiness. Both privately and professionally I have gained insight to help persons recognize themselves as more than survivors..
Patients whom engage in treatment with me, as their therapist, will be given a safe outlet and the development of trust within the relationship. Patients will be given the opportunity to share events, emotions, and perceptions of circumstances which have led them to needing mental health therapy. Our goal within therapy is to review the past and focus on the here and now to achieve personal happiness. Both privately and professionally I have gained insight to help persons recognize themselves as more than survivors..
(309) 233-3418 View (309) 233-3418
Photo of Matt Carter, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matt Carter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Mahomet, IL 61853
I am a native of Urbana, IL. I earned a Bachelor degree in Biblical Studies with a focus in Pastoral Counseling from SUM Bible College and Theological Seminary, and a Master degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois. While working with at-risk youth, I began to find interest in their journey and valued creating a space where they could share. I became interested in learning more about counseling and supporting others with developing tools for success. I value the opportunity to walk with clients as they share their journeys. I have a relational approach combined with a solution-based focus.
I am a native of Urbana, IL. I earned a Bachelor degree in Biblical Studies with a focus in Pastoral Counseling from SUM Bible College and Theological Seminary, and a Master degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois. While working with at-risk youth, I began to find interest in their journey and valued creating a space where they could share. I became interested in learning more about counseling and supporting others with developing tools for success. I value the opportunity to walk with clients as they share their journeys. I have a relational approach combined with a solution-based focus.
(217) 626-3284 View (217) 626-3284
Photo of Kelsey Langley, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kelsey Langley
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Champaign, IL 61820
Welcome, you've found a soft landing space with a caring therapist ready to walk with you on your healing journey. I bring a person-centered approach to therapy, believing the best in everyone and trusting in their capacity for positive change and development. Using this relational approach allows me to see clients beyond their diagnoses and support them in personally meaningful ways. I look forward to holding a safe container for my clients in which they can reconnect to their bodies, find support and co-regulation, and learn new skills that will help each individual on their journey.
Welcome, you've found a soft landing space with a caring therapist ready to walk with you on your healing journey. I bring a person-centered approach to therapy, believing the best in everyone and trusting in their capacity for positive change and development. Using this relational approach allows me to see clients beyond their diagnoses and support them in personally meaningful ways. I look forward to holding a safe container for my clients in which they can reconnect to their bodies, find support and co-regulation, and learn new skills that will help each individual on their journey.
(217) 360-7921 View (217) 360-7921
Photo of Brittany M. Frost, Pre-Licensed Professional
Brittany M. Frost
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Champaign, IL 61821
I am an empathetic therapist who counsels adults, teens, and primarily couples. My counseling style uses attachment-focused and trauma-informed approaches. I also have a clinical focus on sex therapy and relational intimacy. I am dedicated to helping my clients navigate their emotional and relational struggles related to everyday life. My therapeutic approach is grounded in Emotionally-Focused Therapy (EFT) and is influenced by parts work. I am a counselor with a master's degree in mental health counseling and a certificate in sex therapy.
I am an empathetic therapist who counsels adults, teens, and primarily couples. My counseling style uses attachment-focused and trauma-informed approaches. I also have a clinical focus on sex therapy and relational intimacy. I am dedicated to helping my clients navigate their emotional and relational struggles related to everyday life. My therapeutic approach is grounded in Emotionally-Focused Therapy (EFT) and is influenced by parts work. I am a counselor with a master's degree in mental health counseling and a certificate in sex therapy.
(217) 269-8900 View (217) 269-8900
Photo of Kristin Bailey, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristin Bailey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clifton, IL 60927
I am grateful you are taking this first step in your healing journey. I get this shit isn't easy! Do you ever notice when one part of you feels 'off', all of you feels off? This why I take an approach that looks at the whole person and all parts of life. How would it feel to believe in yourself? Feel less drained? It IS possible (read that again), and I am here to support you through this (messy) healing journey!
I am grateful you are taking this first step in your healing journey. I get this shit isn't easy! Do you ever notice when one part of you feels 'off', all of you feels off? This why I take an approach that looks at the whole person and all parts of life. How would it feel to believe in yourself? Feel less drained? It IS possible (read that again), and I am here to support you through this (messy) healing journey!
(815) 240-9159 View (815) 240-9159
Photo of Jaime Schwass, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jaime Schwass
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mount Zion, IL 62549
One of my favorite bible verses is Isaiah 43:2 which states, “When you go through deep waters, I will be with you.” That Scripture gives me comfort. In times of fear, anxiety, or depression, we can sometimes forget that there is a God who loves us through it all and I want to be able to help you find that peace. I received my master’s degree from Bradley University in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I work with teens, young adults, adults, families, and couples looking for guidance in areas such as anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, goal setting and life transitions.
One of my favorite bible verses is Isaiah 43:2 which states, “When you go through deep waters, I will be with you.” That Scripture gives me comfort. In times of fear, anxiety, or depression, we can sometimes forget that there is a God who loves us through it all and I want to be able to help you find that peace. I received my master’s degree from Bradley University in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I work with teens, young adults, adults, families, and couples looking for guidance in areas such as anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, goal setting and life transitions.
(217) 290-1596 View (217) 290-1596

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Paris, IL

< 10

Therapists in Paris, IL who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
80% Depression
80% ADHD
80% Grief
80% Trauma and PTSD
60% Other
60% Divorce

Average years in practice

21 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Paris, IL see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Paris?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.