Interpersonal Therapists in Northbrook, IL

Photo of Lori Tolan, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Lori Tolan
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am passionate about empowering clients and helping them to gain insight into various challenges in their lives. Through our work together, the client can begin to identify struggles around anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships and life transitions. My role is to provide a compassionate, collaborative and safe space for clients to explore and overcome these challenges to find satisfaction in life.
I am passionate about empowering clients and helping them to gain insight into various challenges in their lives. Through our work together, the client can begin to identify struggles around anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships and life transitions. My role is to provide a compassionate, collaborative and safe space for clients to explore and overcome these challenges to find satisfaction in life.
(224) 458-2390 View (224) 458-2390
Photo of Sarah Matsko, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Matsko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
I use cognitive behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy.
Openings available for telehealth for clients across Illinois. Are you stressed out and overwhelmed trying to balance life, work and family? I support women dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment to motherhood, infertility, relational stress, and parenting. I support clients as they identify their goals and decide what they would like to get out of therapy. In our sessions, we'll talk about your current stressors, your personal life, work life, family, your mental health history, your childhood, and trauma. We'll come up with strategies together to improve your mental health and wellbeing.
I use cognitive behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy.
Openings available for telehealth for clients across Illinois. Are you stressed out and overwhelmed trying to balance life, work and family? I support women dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment to motherhood, infertility, relational stress, and parenting. I support clients as they identify their goals and decide what they would like to get out of therapy. In our sessions, we'll talk about your current stressors, your personal life, work life, family, your mental health history, your childhood, and trauma. We'll come up with strategies together to improve your mental health and wellbeing.
(800) 910-9624 View (800) 910-9624
Photo of Sharon Fisch-Reichler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sharon Fisch-Reichler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I bring a strong understanding of workplace&interpersonal dynamics to my work.
At times, we feel anxious, overwhelmed or misunderstood. These feelings are normal as we deal with the challenges of life events. I've worked with clients for over 20 years, including adolescents, adults and couples on a variety of topics including: relationship issues, anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief and loss, parenting challenges, self-esteem, stress management, workplace and career issues, and health issues. I provide a safe, professional space where I listen without judgment to help people navigate challenges and work through conflicts in a healthy way. We work together to identify patterns and gain new insights.
I bring a strong understanding of workplace&interpersonal dynamics to my work.
At times, we feel anxious, overwhelmed or misunderstood. These feelings are normal as we deal with the challenges of life events. I've worked with clients for over 20 years, including adolescents, adults and couples on a variety of topics including: relationship issues, anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief and loss, parenting challenges, self-esteem, stress management, workplace and career issues, and health issues. I provide a safe, professional space where I listen without judgment to help people navigate challenges and work through conflicts in a healthy way. We work together to identify patterns and gain new insights.
(224) 328-3766 View (224) 328-3766
Photo of Tracy Trauscht, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Trauscht
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I have experience working with serious mental illness, trauma, self injury, substance abuse, interpersonal difficulties and I am sensitive to the issues unique to the LGBTQIA+ experience.
I treat clients aged 18 (high school graduated) and up. I work best with clients who are ready to invest in meaningful change through a collaborative and thoughtful process. We all face challenges, and need support along the way. My process involves identification of intentions and values that support small gains in the moment that result in the achievement of larger goals over time. I start with a detailed assessment. Together we will create a treatment plan that is designed to help the client observe and experience the changes both large and small.
I have experience working with serious mental illness, trauma, self injury, substance abuse, interpersonal difficulties and I am sensitive to the issues unique to the LGBTQIA+ experience.
I treat clients aged 18 (high school graduated) and up. I work best with clients who are ready to invest in meaningful change through a collaborative and thoughtful process. We all face challenges, and need support along the way. My process involves identification of intentions and values that support small gains in the moment that result in the achievement of larger goals over time. I start with a detailed assessment. Together we will create a treatment plan that is designed to help the client observe and experience the changes both large and small.
(847) 780-9517 View (847) 780-9517
Photo of Andrew Rosenbloom, MA, PsyD, Psychologist
Andrew Rosenbloom
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I work with children, adolescents, young adults, adults, and families who struggle with issues of anxiety, depression, confidence, and interpersonal relationships. The number one aspect of successful treatment is a strong/trusting relationship. I connect with clients through sports metaphors, movies, real life scenarios, and getting to understand their interests. Everyone has a story so I believe it is important to include family during phases of treatment, to best understand the client's story. In addition, I believe the family is a necessary part of the therapy team, therefore family members are included in phases of treatment to ultimately help my client reach their goals.
I work with children, adolescents, young adults, adults, and families who struggle with issues of anxiety, depression, confidence, and interpersonal relationships. The number one aspect of successful treatment is a strong/trusting relationship. I connect with clients through sports metaphors, movies, real life scenarios, and getting to understand their interests. Everyone has a story so I believe it is important to include family during phases of treatment, to best understand the client's story. In addition, I believe the family is a necessary part of the therapy team, therefore family members are included in phases of treatment to ultimately help my client reach their goals.
(847) 380-7216 View (847) 380-7216
Photo of Britt Hermann, LCSW, CST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Britt Hermann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60065
Selecting a therapist and initiating the process can be intimidating. I want you make the right choice for you. My practice is focused on individuals and couples. I am a licensed psychotherapist and AASECT certified Sex Therapist. I specialize in treating issues that impact relationships such as conflict management, sex, communication and emotional connection. My areas of expertise include anxiety and OCD, out of control sexual behavior, spectrum disorder, interpersonal conflict, intimacy avoidance, communication problems, gender or sexual identity, trauma, treating sexual dysfunctions and more.
Selecting a therapist and initiating the process can be intimidating. I want you make the right choice for you. My practice is focused on individuals and couples. I am a licensed psychotherapist and AASECT certified Sex Therapist. I specialize in treating issues that impact relationships such as conflict management, sex, communication and emotional connection. My areas of expertise include anxiety and OCD, out of control sexual behavior, spectrum disorder, interpersonal conflict, intimacy avoidance, communication problems, gender or sexual identity, trauma, treating sexual dysfunctions and more.
(847) 558-6372 View (847) 558-6372
Photo of Nancy Agostinelli Friedman - Nancy A Friedman MA, LCPC, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Nancy A Friedman MA, LCPC
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Waitlist for new clients
I offer you the opportunity to focus on your psychological health and well-being in a professional, confidential setting. Providing unique therapeutic approaches to living a more fulfilling life, I bring a warm, relational style to my work with adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families who are facing interpersonal, behavioral and emotional challenges. Specializing in emotional and relational wellness, I work with a broad range of issues, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal communication, anger management, women's issues, sexuality, and family dynamics. In addition to traditional counseling, we may use techniques such as mindfulness meditation, narrative therapy, and creative/play therapy.
I offer you the opportunity to focus on your psychological health and well-being in a professional, confidential setting. Providing unique therapeutic approaches to living a more fulfilling life, I bring a warm, relational style to my work with adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families who are facing interpersonal, behavioral and emotional challenges. Specializing in emotional and relational wellness, I work with a broad range of issues, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal communication, anger management, women's issues, sexuality, and family dynamics. In addition to traditional counseling, we may use techniques such as mindfulness meditation, narrative therapy, and creative/play therapy.
(847) 497-5857 View (847) 497-5857
Photo of Gary Walls - Gary Walls, PhD, PhD, Psychologist
Gary Walls, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Our sessions are interactive, interpersonal, and conversational.
Are you having difficulty in some aspect of your life – maybe feelings of depression, anxiety, loneliness or recurring problems in your relationships? You are not broken, you are doing your best cope with an often chaotic and complex world of relationships, feelings, and intentions. But what you’re doing isn’t working for you. I listen to your story with care and an utmost desire to understand your perspective and also share my ideas about how I see and understand the problems you are describing. Together we work to resolve the difficulties you are having.
Our sessions are interactive, interpersonal, and conversational.
Are you having difficulty in some aspect of your life – maybe feelings of depression, anxiety, loneliness or recurring problems in your relationships? You are not broken, you are doing your best cope with an often chaotic and complex world of relationships, feelings, and intentions. But what you’re doing isn’t working for you. I listen to your story with care and an utmost desire to understand your perspective and also share my ideas about how I see and understand the problems you are describing. Together we work to resolve the difficulties you are having.
(847) 613-1428 View (847) 613-1428
Photo of Elana R Dor, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elana R Dor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
As you seek help for yourself or someone you care about; I'm here to help. Together, we can make your life easier. Whether overwhelmed, navigating challenges or positioning for a promotion -- I will stay with you as we find your way through.
As you seek help for yourself or someone you care about; I'm here to help. Together, we can make your life easier. Whether overwhelmed, navigating challenges or positioning for a promotion -- I will stay with you as we find your way through.
(847) 457-4036 View (847) 457-4036
Photo of Dori J Mages - North Shore Family Services, PLLC, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
North Shore Family Services, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
(224) 803-2468 x700 View (224) 803-2468 x700
Photo of Ilyssa E. Lasky, LCPC, RYT, Counselor
Ilyssa E. Lasky
Counselor, LCPC, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Do you feel that anxiety, stress and panic are taking a toll on you body and the mind? My approach to therapy is to create a safe space where you can explore and heal the difficult and painful issues that are showing up in your life. Together we will move beyond problem-solving into releasing the mistaken beliefs and core unresolved issues behind your symptoms. My body-centered and mindfulness approach allows me to work directly with your nervous system to address symptoms like anxiety, racing thoughts, and irrational fears as well as feeling stuck, depressed and unavailable or unresponsive to life and relationships.
Do you feel that anxiety, stress and panic are taking a toll on you body and the mind? My approach to therapy is to create a safe space where you can explore and heal the difficult and painful issues that are showing up in your life. Together we will move beyond problem-solving into releasing the mistaken beliefs and core unresolved issues behind your symptoms. My body-centered and mindfulness approach allows me to work directly with your nervous system to address symptoms like anxiety, racing thoughts, and irrational fears as well as feeling stuck, depressed and unavailable or unresponsive to life and relationships.
(224) 255-4411 View (224) 255-4411
Photo of Sarin Lerner, LCSW, CTP, RYT 200, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarin Lerner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CTP, RYT 200
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
"Let go of who you think you are supposed to be and embrace who you are." -Brene Brown It is often our own misconceptions who we are "supposed to be" and unrealistic expectations of ourselves that get in the way of our own personal growth. We tend to overlook our strengths and struggles while giving so much weight to these perceived failures. We think of happiness as a destination to get to, unpack our bags, and live there "happily ever after." I will work with you to untwist these unrealistic, unhelpful ways to view our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Our behaviors have a purpose if we look close enough without judgement.
"Let go of who you think you are supposed to be and embrace who you are." -Brene Brown It is often our own misconceptions who we are "supposed to be" and unrealistic expectations of ourselves that get in the way of our own personal growth. We tend to overlook our strengths and struggles while giving so much weight to these perceived failures. We think of happiness as a destination to get to, unpack our bags, and live there "happily ever after." I will work with you to untwist these unrealistic, unhelpful ways to view our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Our behaviors have a purpose if we look close enough without judgement.
(224) 707-8264 View (224) 707-8264
Photo of Alexander Friedman, PsyD, Psychologist
Alexander Friedman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
Therapy is a wonderful opportunity to increase self-awareness, understand and improve relationship dynamics, and feel more in control of maladaptive behavioral patterns and stress responses. I enjoy working with individuals experiencing an array of emotional and behavioral concerns. I help clients accurately identify the roots to their challenges, shift to healthier perspectives, and discover realistic, attainable paths to their goals. My approach is grounded in creating an empathic and non-judgmental therapeutic space to help foster insight, feelings of acceptance and validation, and personal growth.
Therapy is a wonderful opportunity to increase self-awareness, understand and improve relationship dynamics, and feel more in control of maladaptive behavioral patterns and stress responses. I enjoy working with individuals experiencing an array of emotional and behavioral concerns. I help clients accurately identify the roots to their challenges, shift to healthier perspectives, and discover realistic, attainable paths to their goals. My approach is grounded in creating an empathic and non-judgmental therapeutic space to help foster insight, feelings of acceptance and validation, and personal growth.
(224) 261-7103 View (224) 261-7103
Photo of Tracy McCafferty, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy McCafferty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
YOU CAN FEEL BETTER! I Can help you, GET OUT OF YOUR MIND AND INTO YOUR LIFE. "Are you struggling with anxiety, stress, or personal challenges that are preventing you from living a happy and fulfilling life? As a cognitive behavioral therapist, I can help you identify and change negative patterns of thought and behavior that contribute to your anxiety. Together, we will work to develop coping skills and techniques that can help you manage stress and build resilience. I believe in the power of being heard and seen to help facilitate healing and growth. Anxiety sucks the life out of us. It is time to exhale and I can help.
YOU CAN FEEL BETTER! I Can help you, GET OUT OF YOUR MIND AND INTO YOUR LIFE. "Are you struggling with anxiety, stress, or personal challenges that are preventing you from living a happy and fulfilling life? As a cognitive behavioral therapist, I can help you identify and change negative patterns of thought and behavior that contribute to your anxiety. Together, we will work to develop coping skills and techniques that can help you manage stress and build resilience. I believe in the power of being heard and seen to help facilitate healing and growth. Anxiety sucks the life out of us. It is time to exhale and I can help.
(847) 416-0064 View (847) 416-0064
Photo of Lynette Vedrine, Psychologist
Lynette Vedrine
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Waitlist for new clients
How are you with what you're feeling and not feeling? When a person is consumed with difficulties, life is a chore, often filled with anxiety, dread, pervasive unhappiness or no feeling at all. My goal is to help you achieve the perspective in your life that provides room for pleasure, acceptance, fulfilling relationships and a capacity to cope positively with life struggles. Through exploring together, we discover insights that can facilitate active behavioral change, improved management of symptoms and a sense of well being. Treatment is specific and individual, evolving progressively from the unique juxtaposition of your needs and responses.
How are you with what you're feeling and not feeling? When a person is consumed with difficulties, life is a chore, often filled with anxiety, dread, pervasive unhappiness or no feeling at all. My goal is to help you achieve the perspective in your life that provides room for pleasure, acceptance, fulfilling relationships and a capacity to cope positively with life struggles. Through exploring together, we discover insights that can facilitate active behavioral change, improved management of symptoms and a sense of well being. Treatment is specific and individual, evolving progressively from the unique juxtaposition of your needs and responses.
(847) 868-3381 View (847) 868-3381
Photo of Dr. Dana Louise Martin, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dr. Dana Louise Martin
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
My therapeutic approach focuses on guiding the client to discovering their personal truth while providing them with useful information and tools to help better cope with the trials and tribulations of life. Whether you are struggling with emotions, relationships, a stressful environment, or looking to work on developing yourself, you do not have to do it alone. Therapy can provide you with skills and personal insights that will transform how you see yourself, others, and the world.
My therapeutic approach focuses on guiding the client to discovering their personal truth while providing them with useful information and tools to help better cope with the trials and tribulations of life. Whether you are struggling with emotions, relationships, a stressful environment, or looking to work on developing yourself, you do not have to do it alone. Therapy can provide you with skills and personal insights that will transform how you see yourself, others, and the world.
(224) 261-7661 View (224) 261-7661
Photo of Deb Wojcik, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deb Wojcik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
I offer comfort, counsel and clarity to individuals and families facing medical illness, grief, loss and bereavement, and/or life transitions. Companioning folks on these journeys allows me to help them lessen their sense of isolation, to help identify and utilize their strengths, and to manage difficult emotions. Frequently clients are overwhelmed and need help sorting through stressful feelings and situations. Once that is accomplished, much progress is made. In life transitions, identifying and touching the emotions and then re-establishing a life-plan are often the primary goals, crafted to the client's unique needs.
I offer comfort, counsel and clarity to individuals and families facing medical illness, grief, loss and bereavement, and/or life transitions. Companioning folks on these journeys allows me to help them lessen their sense of isolation, to help identify and utilize their strengths, and to manage difficult emotions. Frequently clients are overwhelmed and need help sorting through stressful feelings and situations. Once that is accomplished, much progress is made. In life transitions, identifying and touching the emotions and then re-establishing a life-plan are often the primary goals, crafted to the client's unique needs.
(312) 380-0766 View (312) 380-0766
Photo of Richard Phelps Blue, EdD, LCPC, NCC, BCPPC, Counselor
Richard Phelps Blue
Counselor, EdD, LCPC, NCC, BCPPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am most effective with those who are hungry and hurting. I walk beside those who want to make sense of what is keeping them from living the lives they want. I enjoy supporting those who are seeking meaning, direction, and a sense of purpose in their lives. I equip and empower those who want more alive, dynamic and authentic relationships with themselves, others and God. I help people feel their feelings, challenge mistaken beliefs, and experience new and transformational ways of living and being. I bring understanding, encouragement, challenge and hope.
I am most effective with those who are hungry and hurting. I walk beside those who want to make sense of what is keeping them from living the lives they want. I enjoy supporting those who are seeking meaning, direction, and a sense of purpose in their lives. I equip and empower those who want more alive, dynamic and authentic relationships with themselves, others and God. I help people feel their feelings, challenge mistaken beliefs, and experience new and transformational ways of living and being. I bring understanding, encouragement, challenge and hope.
(847) 354-4055 x140 View (847) 354-4055 x140
Photo of Maxine Elizabeth Nusinow, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Maxine Elizabeth Nusinow
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
SEX THERAPY. How do we rebuild trust after this? Why are we struggling to connect with each other sexually? You may hear yourself asking these questions and not know where to begin or how to overcome the emotional distance you feel between yourself and your partner. I am passionate about working with couples and individuals desiring to move towards connection. For some couples or individuals it may be hard to connect because of previous wounds you carry from other relationships. For others it may be that it is hard to talk openly and honestly to each other or maybe pornography, infidelity, substance use has eroded trust.
SEX THERAPY. How do we rebuild trust after this? Why are we struggling to connect with each other sexually? You may hear yourself asking these questions and not know where to begin or how to overcome the emotional distance you feel between yourself and your partner. I am passionate about working with couples and individuals desiring to move towards connection. For some couples or individuals it may be hard to connect because of previous wounds you carry from other relationships. For others it may be that it is hard to talk openly and honestly to each other or maybe pornography, infidelity, substance use has eroded trust.
(708) 304-9938 View (708) 304-9938
Photo of Joann Chassman, MS, LCPC
Joann Chassman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Imagine a life fulfilled — this is not just a possibility; it can be your reality. If you're feeling off-course, weighed down by worries, or missing the sense of joy in your days, I’m here to help you press reset. It’s time to halt the cycle of worry, emptiness, and depletion. Embracing joy and happiness doesn't have to be a monumental task. Sometimes, the hurdles of anxiety, guilt, and depression cloud our vision of who we truly aspire to be. It's time to clear the fog and foster fulfilling connections in all facets of your life.
Imagine a life fulfilled — this is not just a possibility; it can be your reality. If you're feeling off-course, weighed down by worries, or missing the sense of joy in your days, I’m here to help you press reset. It’s time to halt the cycle of worry, emptiness, and depletion. Embracing joy and happiness doesn't have to be a monumental task. Sometimes, the hurdles of anxiety, guilt, and depression cloud our vision of who we truly aspire to be. It's time to clear the fog and foster fulfilling connections in all facets of your life.
(847) 629-4721 View (847) 629-4721
Interpersonal Therapists

Is interpersonal therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found interpersonal therapy to be effective for life transitions including retirement, divorce, and job loss. Also, some studies have found it to be just as useful as medication and other therapy approaches. The benefits of interpersonal therapy can last long after treatment has been completed; the individual can use the tenets of this therapy throughout their life.

How long does interpersonal therapy take?

Interpersonal psychotherapy is normally time-limited and focuses on specific problems in the client’s everyday relationships. Treatment can be either one-on-one or take place in a group setting; it tends to last 12 to 16 weeks, depending on the individual client’s needs. If a new interpersonal problem arises in the future, the client may require additional therapy to address it specifically. The timeline and session schedule may vary depending on the client’s challenges as well as their progress. Treatment may conclude with wrap-up sessions to review the client’s accomplishments.

Is interpersonal therapy effective?

Research shows that interpersonal therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of conditions such as depression or anxiety. The approach may also offer a range of benefits that are hard to measure but valuable—including healthier relationships and improved feelings of self-worth. The therapist will give the client practical solutions that can be put into practice. The brief duration of this therapy also means that clients can see changes in their relationships fairly quickly.

What are the limitations of interpersonal therapy?

Interpersonal therapy may not effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as psychosis, chronic illness, or alcohol relapse. Because it is short-term in nature, it may not be the best approach for conditions that need to be tracked, though maintenance sessions are a viable approach under these circumstances.

Can interpersonal psychotherapy be done online?

Yes, interpersonal psychotherapy can be conducted effectively either in-person or online. A therapist with expertise in IPT will be able to adjust their techniques, such as role-playing, to better suit the online environment. Offering online IPT can make it more accessible for clients who have transportation difficulties; it also provides the ideal opportunity to explore challenges unique to digital relationships.