Photo of Quinn Bullis, MA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Quinn Bullis
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Urbandale, IA 50322
My specialties include working with children, adolescents, adults, and families who experience: anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, behavioral issues, low self-esteem, relationship problems, self-injury, and more.
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives. In those moments, reaching out for help can be one of the hardest things to do. It's my goal to make the counseling process as safe and welcoming as possible to help you reach your goals. I place emphasis on creating an environment that incorporates empathy, genuineness, understanding, and patience to develop an individualized form of therapy for each client.
My specialties include working with children, adolescents, adults, and families who experience: anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, behavioral issues, low self-esteem, relationship problems, self-injury, and more.
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives. In those moments, reaching out for help can be one of the hardest things to do. It's my goal to make the counseling process as safe and welcoming as possible to help you reach your goals. I place emphasis on creating an environment that incorporates empathy, genuineness, understanding, and patience to develop an individualized form of therapy for each client.
(515) 373-4693 View (515) 373-4693
Photo of Joe Nixon, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joe Nixon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Urbandale, IA 50322
Waitlist for new clients
Throughout my career, I have helped individuals and families with concerns such as gender identity, sexual orientation, LGBT+ related stress, LGBT+ relationships (extra), mood disorders, anxiety related disorders, trauma/PTSD, and attachment disorders.
Are you struggling with LGBT+ related concerns? Are you struggling to come terms with your LGBT+ identity and/or struggling to find a way to move forward as an LGBT+ person? As a member of the LGBT+ community I am passionate about serving the LGBT+ community. Is a loved one of yours an LGBT+ member and you are struggling to move forward? accept? and/or want to reconcile with your LGBT+ loved one? Being LGBT+ can be hard in our society and it can help to talk about these experiences. Being fearful of our LGBT+ loved one's safety and well being can be stressful as well. If you feel like I can be of service I would be happy to help.
Throughout my career, I have helped individuals and families with concerns such as gender identity, sexual orientation, LGBT+ related stress, LGBT+ relationships (extra), mood disorders, anxiety related disorders, trauma/PTSD, and attachment disorders.
Are you struggling with LGBT+ related concerns? Are you struggling to come terms with your LGBT+ identity and/or struggling to find a way to move forward as an LGBT+ person? As a member of the LGBT+ community I am passionate about serving the LGBT+ community. Is a loved one of yours an LGBT+ member and you are struggling to move forward? accept? and/or want to reconcile with your LGBT+ loved one? Being LGBT+ can be hard in our society and it can help to talk about these experiences. Being fearful of our LGBT+ loved one's safety and well being can be stressful as well. If you feel like I can be of service I would be happy to help.
(515) 608-8874 View (515) 608-8874
Photo of Vincent Kelly, MS, CRC, LMHC, EMDR CT, Counselor
Vincent Kelly
Counselor, MS, CRC, LMHC, EMDR CT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Urbandale, IA 50322
Not accepting new clients
My experience includes working with adolescents and adults dealing with: depression, anxiety, grief/loss, PTSD, life stressors, relationship issues, personality disorders, ADHD, trauma and suicidal ideations.
Congratulations on taking the first step to healing. At times life can be very challenging and keep us from becoming the person we see ourself becoming/being. Those challenges can come in many forms. They can be social, emotional, physical, financial or spiritual. I offer an environment that is peaceful and free of judgement. I am an exceptional listener with 17 yrs of experience working with individuals and families involved in the Child Welfare and Judicial Systems. I provide individual, family and couples counseling. You don't have to feel alone, I am here to take the journey with you!
My experience includes working with adolescents and adults dealing with: depression, anxiety, grief/loss, PTSD, life stressors, relationship issues, personality disorders, ADHD, trauma and suicidal ideations.
Congratulations on taking the first step to healing. At times life can be very challenging and keep us from becoming the person we see ourself becoming/being. Those challenges can come in many forms. They can be social, emotional, physical, financial or spiritual. I offer an environment that is peaceful and free of judgement. I am an exceptional listener with 17 yrs of experience working with individuals and families involved in the Child Welfare and Judicial Systems. I provide individual, family and couples counseling. You don't have to feel alone, I am here to take the journey with you!
(515) 361-3265 View (515) 361-3265

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Ian Adams, tLMHC, MS, Counselor
Ian Adams
Counselor, tLMHC, MS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
West Des Moines, IA 50266
I have just extended my schedule and am accepting new clients! I accept all major insurance, including Medicaid. I specialize in helping those struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, and addiction to unhealthy cycles; especially lesser thought-of issues such as addictions to toxic relationships, pornography, sex, gaming, health, and social media. I'm also a philosophy buff and love working with those looking to gain a sense of belonging or purpose in life. I am located in a relaxing office space and work alongside other amazing therapists.
I have just extended my schedule and am accepting new clients! I accept all major insurance, including Medicaid. I specialize in helping those struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, and addiction to unhealthy cycles; especially lesser thought-of issues such as addictions to toxic relationships, pornography, sex, gaming, health, and social media. I'm also a philosophy buff and love working with those looking to gain a sense of belonging or purpose in life. I am located in a relaxing office space and work alongside other amazing therapists.
(515) 516-6858 View (515) 516-6858
Photo of Gryphan Lott, Gryphan Lott, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gryphan Lott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Gryphan Lott, LISW
Verified Verified
Clive, IA 50325
I specialize in trauma and PTSD, and I also work with people who experience depression, anxiety, low self worth.
We are all products of our life experiences, which can sometimes leave us feeling sad, angry, afraid, and countless other ways. I am passionate about meeting my clients where they are and walking alongside them to help them navigate and resolve difficulties in their lives as well as to help them in improving their sense of self worth and hopefulness in order to reach the ultimate goals of happiness and peace, whatever that may look like to them.
I specialize in trauma and PTSD, and I also work with people who experience depression, anxiety, low self worth.
We are all products of our life experiences, which can sometimes leave us feeling sad, angry, afraid, and countless other ways. I am passionate about meeting my clients where they are and walking alongside them to help them navigate and resolve difficulties in their lives as well as to help them in improving their sense of self worth and hopefulness in order to reach the ultimate goals of happiness and peace, whatever that may look like to them.
(515) 679-5858 View (515) 679-5858
Photo of Jackie Kovacevic, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jackie Kovacevic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Des Moines, IA 50265
As a compassionate clinical therapist, I am dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey toward healing and personal growth. I work hard to create a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can feel comfortable sharing your experiences. Whether you're facing challenges related to anxiety, depression, or life transitions, I am here to listen, empower, and equip you with the tools to thrive. Let’s work together to unlock your potential and build a brighter future!
As a compassionate clinical therapist, I am dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey toward healing and personal growth. I work hard to create a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can feel comfortable sharing your experiences. Whether you're facing challenges related to anxiety, depression, or life transitions, I am here to listen, empower, and equip you with the tools to thrive. Let’s work together to unlock your potential and build a brighter future!
(515) 705-2878 View (515) 705-2878
Photo of Samantha Rives, LMHC, Counselor
Samantha Rives
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Des Moines, IA 50266
Waitlist for new clients
Are you noticing tension and discomfort in your body? I believe that this is often easier to notice than what might be contributing to your symptoms, things like anxiety, stress, or trauma. We tend to push on and avoid taking good care of ourselves, despite feeling depressed, managing grief, and experiencing life challenges. We can find ourselves feeling burned out, struggling to function in our daily lives, and needing to reconnect with ourselves and those around us. Wherever you’re at in your healing and wellness journey, I’d love to help you along the way.
Are you noticing tension and discomfort in your body? I believe that this is often easier to notice than what might be contributing to your symptoms, things like anxiety, stress, or trauma. We tend to push on and avoid taking good care of ourselves, despite feeling depressed, managing grief, and experiencing life challenges. We can find ourselves feeling burned out, struggling to function in our daily lives, and needing to reconnect with ourselves and those around us. Wherever you’re at in your healing and wellness journey, I’d love to help you along the way.
(515) 599-9060 View (515) 599-9060
Photo of Jackie Dehner, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Jackie Dehner
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
West Des Moines, IA 50266
I have a vast amount of experience working with a number of mental health issues including depression, anxiety, trauma, and grief.
It is truly an honor and a privilege to be able to share space with clients. Utilizing a collaborative approach to healing, I provide support and acceptance to all who cross the threshold of my office. Grounded in a Narrative theoretical orientation, I view clients as the experts of their own lives and I aim to help empower them while amplifying their voice. I believe every individual deserves to be heard and seen without judgement and I provide this to all clients through a strong therapeutic alliance and relational depth.
I have a vast amount of experience working with a number of mental health issues including depression, anxiety, trauma, and grief.
It is truly an honor and a privilege to be able to share space with clients. Utilizing a collaborative approach to healing, I provide support and acceptance to all who cross the threshold of my office. Grounded in a Narrative theoretical orientation, I view clients as the experts of their own lives and I aim to help empower them while amplifying their voice. I believe every individual deserves to be heard and seen without judgement and I provide this to all clients through a strong therapeutic alliance and relational depth.
(515) 461-8010 View (515) 461-8010
Photo of Erin Fiala - Comfort Counseling, LLC, LMHC, Counselor
Comfort Counseling, LLC
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Johnston, IA 50131
I bring a wealth of experience in navigating the complexities of life transitions, adjustment disorders, behavior challenges, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal thoughts, trauma/PTSD, emotional intensity disorder, parent/child conflict, and attachment.
Welcome! I am so glad you are here. Making the decision to start therapy can be one of the hardest decisions to make. I am Erin, a compassionate therapist dedicated to fostering growth and resilience. Guided by a person-centered, strengths-based philosophy, I specialize in weaving play therapy techniques, sand tray, and cognitive-behavioral therapy into our therapeutic journey. I empower clients to understand and reshape their thought patterns. My utilization of play therapy techniques and sand tray facilitates a unique and effective approach, especially with younger clients or those who find traditional talk therapy challenging.
I bring a wealth of experience in navigating the complexities of life transitions, adjustment disorders, behavior challenges, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal thoughts, trauma/PTSD, emotional intensity disorder, parent/child conflict, and attachment.
Welcome! I am so glad you are here. Making the decision to start therapy can be one of the hardest decisions to make. I am Erin, a compassionate therapist dedicated to fostering growth and resilience. Guided by a person-centered, strengths-based philosophy, I specialize in weaving play therapy techniques, sand tray, and cognitive-behavioral therapy into our therapeutic journey. I empower clients to understand and reshape their thought patterns. My utilization of play therapy techniques and sand tray facilitates a unique and effective approach, especially with younger clients or those who find traditional talk therapy challenging.
(515) 523-6578 View (515) 523-6578
Photo of Montana Meyer, MA, NCC, tLMHC, Counselor
Montana Meyer
Counselor, MA, NCC, tLMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Des Moines, IA 50301  (Online Only)
My areas of specialties include depression, anxiety, trauma (PTSD), and suicidal ideation.
We all experience change; some alter our lives and functioning significantly. Making healthy adjustments can require skills which you have limited or no experience utilizing. Simply recognizing that you are having some difficulty, can be elusive, but is an essential first step. You may need support and further encouragement to take additional steps towards your healing. As your counselor, I can offer a collaborative and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings about the circumstances which are presenting in your life and support you as you move through your journey.
My areas of specialties include depression, anxiety, trauma (PTSD), and suicidal ideation.
We all experience change; some alter our lives and functioning significantly. Making healthy adjustments can require skills which you have limited or no experience utilizing. Simply recognizing that you are having some difficulty, can be elusive, but is an essential first step. You may need support and further encouragement to take additional steps towards your healing. As your counselor, I can offer a collaborative and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings about the circumstances which are presenting in your life and support you as you move through your journey.
(800) 531-4236 View (800) 531-4236
Photo of Makayla Duff, MS, t-LMHC, Counselor
Makayla Duff
Counselor, MS, t-LMHC
Verified Verified
Des Moines, IA 50310
I have experience working with a variety of things in mental health including depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma, and substance abuse.
Hello, my name is Makayla. I am a t-LMHC. I am being supervised by Debora Helt, MFT, at Light Gets in Therapy Center. Prior to becoming a therapist, I spent several years working and gaining experience in the mental health field. I have worked in an inpatient mental health facility, school-based therapeutic classrooms, and in the home as a social worker. I have learned how to meet my clients where they are at in life and work together with them to make positive changes.
I have experience working with a variety of things in mental health including depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma, and substance abuse.
Hello, my name is Makayla. I am a t-LMHC. I am being supervised by Debora Helt, MFT, at Light Gets in Therapy Center. Prior to becoming a therapist, I spent several years working and gaining experience in the mental health field. I have worked in an inpatient mental health facility, school-based therapeutic classrooms, and in the home as a social worker. I have learned how to meet my clients where they are at in life and work together with them to make positive changes.
(515) 303-2995 View (515) 303-2995
Photo of Dr. Ashley Nicole Frazier, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Ashley Nicole Frazier
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Des Moines, IA 50301
I also see a lot of patients seeking help with relationship development, anxiety and depression.
As a Marriage and Family Therapist, it is my goal to help any and everyone who needs it. I am a multicultural therapist whose main goal is to assist my clients in being the best person they can be. When you come to Strength in Diversity therapy center you will feel welcomed and accepted no matter your creed, color, race, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc. It is my hope that once you leave my therapy room you will feel rejuvenated, full of life, and ready to take on the world.
I also see a lot of patients seeking help with relationship development, anxiety and depression.
As a Marriage and Family Therapist, it is my goal to help any and everyone who needs it. I am a multicultural therapist whose main goal is to assist my clients in being the best person they can be. When you come to Strength in Diversity therapy center you will feel welcomed and accepted no matter your creed, color, race, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc. It is my hope that once you leave my therapy room you will feel rejuvenated, full of life, and ready to take on the world.
(319) 318-0643 View (319) 318-0643
Photo of Carter DeVary, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carter DeVary
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Des Moines, IA 50266
I provide an open and accepting environment that empowers clients to share their concerns without judgment. From a systemic perspective, I focus on helping individuals, couples and families develop a greater sense of self within their relationships, leading clients to develop and maintain healthy and sustainable relationships beyond therapy. I work with a broad range of clients including individual teenagers to older adults, couples and families, with a diverse set of problems and needs including anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, couple and marital issues, blended family problems, and many more.
I provide an open and accepting environment that empowers clients to share their concerns without judgment. From a systemic perspective, I focus on helping individuals, couples and families develop a greater sense of self within their relationships, leading clients to develop and maintain healthy and sustainable relationships beyond therapy. I work with a broad range of clients including individual teenagers to older adults, couples and families, with a diverse set of problems and needs including anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, couple and marital issues, blended family problems, and many more.
(515) 393-6791 View (515) 393-6791
Photo of Christa Eribal, LMSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christa Eribal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Des Moines, IA 50311
No matter where you are on your journey to a brighter future, I’m ready to walk alongside you. I have been trained in providing trauma-focused therapy, and I specialize in using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). However, I pull from many other practices as well, so we can work together to find what works best for you.
No matter where you are on your journey to a brighter future, I’m ready to walk alongside you. I have been trained in providing trauma-focused therapy, and I specialize in using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). However, I pull from many other practices as well, so we can work together to find what works best for you.
(515) 209-3206 View (515) 209-3206
Photo of Donald K Gilbert - New Life Counseling, MS,  PhD, LMHC, BCPC, Counselor
New Life Counseling
Counselor, MS, PhD, LMHC, BCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Des Moines, IA 50266
Our New Life professionals provide outpatient counseling services for adolescents, adults, couples, families, and groups at our locations in Ankeny and West Des Moines. Our professional training, experience, faith, and commitment to honoring each individual, enables us to offer counseling that empowers you with the tools, techniques, and confidence necessary to improve your life. We offer support and guidance in this journey through life's many changes and transitions as we partner together to work toward meeting your goals. Visit our counselor's page on our website to learn more about our therapists and their areas of focus.
Our New Life professionals provide outpatient counseling services for adolescents, adults, couples, families, and groups at our locations in Ankeny and West Des Moines. Our professional training, experience, faith, and commitment to honoring each individual, enables us to offer counseling that empowers you with the tools, techniques, and confidence necessary to improve your life. We offer support and guidance in this journey through life's many changes and transitions as we partner together to work toward meeting your goals. Visit our counselor's page on our website to learn more about our therapists and their areas of focus.
(515) 225-4006 View (515) 225-4006
Photo of Jerome Miller, MS, (t)LMHC, IADC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jerome Miller
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, (t)LMHC, IADC
Verified Verified
Des Moines, IA 50310
Welcome, you have made the decision to begin moving forward in a positive direction. A direction toward growth and well-being. While we cannot change difficult situations of the past, we can move forward to ensure a better present, and a thriving future. I have over 10 years in the Mental Health industry, and I am a active listener and goal oriented; as we move forward on your goals, we will be using complementary therapeutic approaches and techniques to facilitate the desired change. Remember, "You are on a road to a better place!"
Welcome, you have made the decision to begin moving forward in a positive direction. A direction toward growth and well-being. While we cannot change difficult situations of the past, we can move forward to ensure a better present, and a thriving future. I have over 10 years in the Mental Health industry, and I am a active listener and goal oriented; as we move forward on your goals, we will be using complementary therapeutic approaches and techniques to facilitate the desired change. Remember, "You are on a road to a better place!"
(515) 498-3928 View (515) 498-3928

Online Therapists

Photo of Whitney Anderson, LMHC, Counselor
Whitney Anderson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Waterloo, IA 50701
My name is Whitney Anderson (she/her) and I am a LMHC providing individual & family therapy with Affinity Therapy & Counseling. My passion is helping children, adolescents, teens & families reach their full potential by making sure they have the tools they need to be successful. I am happy to accompany you or your child in your journey in dealing with varying issues which could include, anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, anger management, struggles at school, trauma, self-esteem, gender identity, grief, divorce, family conflict, etc.
My name is Whitney Anderson (she/her) and I am a LMHC providing individual & family therapy with Affinity Therapy & Counseling. My passion is helping children, adolescents, teens & families reach their full potential by making sure they have the tools they need to be successful. I am happy to accompany you or your child in your journey in dealing with varying issues which could include, anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, anger management, struggles at school, trauma, self-esteem, gender identity, grief, divorce, family conflict, etc.
(515) 375-7987 View (515) 375-7987
Photo of Sarah Kathryn Kiani - Hope Tree Counseling Services Inc., MA, LMHC, LPCC, Counselor
Hope Tree Counseling Services Inc.
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Waterloo, IA 50703
I have special interest in working with issues of terminal illness, grief loss and transition with children individuals and families. I work with children with attachment, ADHD, trauma, and behavioral issues. I work with women issues surrounding self- esteem and personal growth. I have an extensive background in theater and the arts. I incorporate nature, animals, drama, art and play into my therapies with clients. My work also focuses on treating PTSD and anxiety. I incorporate trauma informed care into my work. I believe healing is possible and I am here to walk the path with my clients to a place of growth and positive change.
I have special interest in working with issues of terminal illness, grief loss and transition with children individuals and families. I work with children with attachment, ADHD, trauma, and behavioral issues. I work with women issues surrounding self- esteem and personal growth. I have an extensive background in theater and the arts. I incorporate nature, animals, drama, art and play into my therapies with clients. My work also focuses on treating PTSD and anxiety. I incorporate trauma informed care into my work. I believe healing is possible and I am here to walk the path with my clients to a place of growth and positive change.
(319) 232-4673 View (319) 232-4673
Photo of Lois Potthoff, LMHC, MS, Counselor
Lois Potthoff
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
Audubon, IA 50025
I strive to help others heal and become empowered while rediscovering their true sense of self and reconnect with their life purpose. Relationship is the foundation to healing and I use a client centered and attuned approach while integrating an individualized treatment plan to meet your goals. My goal is to meet you or your child where they are and be your guide to healing. I have over 30 years of experience working in the field of mental illness and developmental disorders.
I strive to help others heal and become empowered while rediscovering their true sense of self and reconnect with their life purpose. Relationship is the foundation to healing and I use a client centered and attuned approach while integrating an individualized treatment plan to meet your goals. My goal is to meet you or your child where they are and be your guide to healing. I have over 30 years of experience working in the field of mental illness and developmental disorders.
(712) 350-9905 View (712) 350-9905
Photo of Renee June Barbu, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Renee June Barbu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Cedar Falls, IA 50613
I have extensive experience helping clients manage several disorders. I enjoy working with clients with intense emotions such as shame, guilt, fear, and anger. I assist in managing symptoms coming from abuse, rejection, and other past traumas. I am aware that people often have the perception that they don't fit it in or are disconnected from others. I would like to be able to be a support person and help clients navigate feelings and relationships. As well as helping clients gain communication skills and build a healthy support network.
I have extensive experience helping clients manage several disorders. I enjoy working with clients with intense emotions such as shame, guilt, fear, and anger. I assist in managing symptoms coming from abuse, rejection, and other past traumas. I am aware that people often have the perception that they don't fit it in or are disconnected from others. I would like to be able to be a support person and help clients navigate feelings and relationships. As well as helping clients gain communication skills and build a healthy support network.
(319) 220-0947 View (319) 220-0947
Anxiety Therapists

What are the most common treatments for anxiety?

Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other popular forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?

The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

When should I seek treatment for anxiety?

Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?

Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.