Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists in Kalona, IA

Photo of Elisa Lyons - Iowa Family Counseling , LMHC, Counselor
Iowa Family Counseling
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Kalona, IA 52247
Welcome to Iowa Family Counseling! We're a team of experienced clinicians dedicated to providing holistic and personalized care. With diverse expertise, we're here to support you on your journey towards mental wellness, offering genuine, empathetic and collaborative mental healthcare for all, across rural Iowa. Reach out today to start your path to healing!
Welcome to Iowa Family Counseling! We're a team of experienced clinicians dedicated to providing holistic and personalized care. With diverse expertise, we're here to support you on your journey towards mental wellness, offering genuine, empathetic and collaborative mental healthcare for all, across rural Iowa. Reach out today to start your path to healing!
(319) 271-1310 View (319) 271-1310
Photo of Christina E Stai, PsyD, Psychologist
Christina E Stai
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Kalona, IA 52247  (Online Only)
I work primarily with children, teenagers, and young adults (college students) who struggle with a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, mood disorders, developmental disorders (such as Autism), ADHD, PTSD, OCD, eating disorders, and general stress due to life transitions. I have experience working with victims of abuse, and with foster children. I also work with parents who are struggling with their children due to significant behavior or emotional difficulties. I have worked in several settings including psychiatric hospitals, residential treatment facilities, schools, community mental health, and in private practice.
I work primarily with children, teenagers, and young adults (college students) who struggle with a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, mood disorders, developmental disorders (such as Autism), ADHD, PTSD, OCD, eating disorders, and general stress due to life transitions. I have experience working with victims of abuse, and with foster children. I also work with parents who are struggling with their children due to significant behavior or emotional difficulties. I have worked in several settings including psychiatric hospitals, residential treatment facilities, schools, community mental health, and in private practice.
(319) 238-4418 View (319) 238-4418
Photo of Susan Lynn Totten, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Lynn Totten
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Kalona, IA 52247
The therapeutic relationship can be a very important one and, like any other healthy relationship, it is based on mutual respect, trust and commitment. I approach our work together with a nonjudgmental stance. I will meet you wherever you are in your life's journey and honor your unique strengths. I support clients in creating their most fulfilling lives, in line with their values and goals. I incorporate mindfulness into a collaborative and client-centered process and employ an honest, direct communication.
The therapeutic relationship can be a very important one and, like any other healthy relationship, it is based on mutual respect, trust and commitment. I approach our work together with a nonjudgmental stance. I will meet you wherever you are in your life's journey and honor your unique strengths. I support clients in creating their most fulfilling lives, in line with their values and goals. I incorporate mindfulness into a collaborative and client-centered process and employ an honest, direct communication.
(319) 774-3358 View (319) 774-3358
Photo of Dawn M. Keith, MS, LMHC
Dawn M. Keith
Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Kalona, IA 52247
Waitlist for new clients
(319) 250-6933 View (319) 250-6933

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Erika Detweiler, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Detweiler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Riverside, IA 52327
Life is hard and you're not alone. I believe everyone has their own struggle and it can be helpful to have someone to talk to. No matter your challenge I will meet you where you are and provide a safe, judgement-free, compassionate space to sort through it all. I have a broad scope of experience across age spectrums and mental health issues and I will tailor treatment to your individual needs. I provide individual therapy to adults, adolescents, couples, and children. I find deep meaning in this profession and would be honored to walk this journey with you.
Life is hard and you're not alone. I believe everyone has their own struggle and it can be helpful to have someone to talk to. No matter your challenge I will meet you where you are and provide a safe, judgement-free, compassionate space to sort through it all. I have a broad scope of experience across age spectrums and mental health issues and I will tailor treatment to your individual needs. I provide individual therapy to adults, adolescents, couples, and children. I find deep meaning in this profession and would be honored to walk this journey with you.
(319) 552-5771 View (319) 552-5771

Online Therapists

Photo of Ann VanDenTop - Peace of Mind Counseling Services, LLC, MSE, LMHC, NCC, BCTP-II, EMDR, Counselor
Peace of Mind Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, MSE, LMHC, NCC, BCTP-II, EMDR
Verified Verified
Indianola, IA 50125
Waitlist for new clients
I have specialized in treating trauma for over 15 years, utilizing modern therapeutic approaches including CBT, TF-CPT, DBT, EMDR, Hypnosis, Somatic therapy interventions and IFS informed therapy.
In the face of life's challenges, I am privileged to assist you on your path toward strength and resilience, guiding you to reclaim your Peace of Mind. Whether you are grappling with Life Transitions, Divorce, Work-related concerns, LGBTQAA+ related issues, Anger, Stress, Anxiety, OCD, Depression, Relationship struggles, Trauma, or Abuse Recovery, I offer evidence-based services to assist you in processing and overcoming the impact these challenges have on your life.
I have specialized in treating trauma for over 15 years, utilizing modern therapeutic approaches including CBT, TF-CPT, DBT, EMDR, Hypnosis, Somatic therapy interventions and IFS informed therapy.
In the face of life's challenges, I am privileged to assist you on your path toward strength and resilience, guiding you to reclaim your Peace of Mind. Whether you are grappling with Life Transitions, Divorce, Work-related concerns, LGBTQAA+ related issues, Anger, Stress, Anxiety, OCD, Depression, Relationship struggles, Trauma, or Abuse Recovery, I offer evidence-based services to assist you in processing and overcoming the impact these challenges have on your life.
(515) 962-5561 View (515) 962-5561
Photo of Hannah Merideth, tLMHC, Counselor
Hannah Merideth
Counselor, tLMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Davenport, IA 52807  (Online Only)
I utilize person-centered, strength-based approaches, dialectical-behavioral, and cognitive-behavioral techniques in my practice to support you in meeting your goals.
Telehealth openings immediately available - My goal as your therapist is to allow you a space to feel heard and validated in your experiences. Attempting to cope with a mental health concern is often a lonely and exhausting process. Additionally, pursuing counseling can often be a difficult decision to make, but one that I believe is worthwhile. I enjoy working with individuals ages 10+, and have experience working with social anxiety, sports performance anxiety, depression, life adjustments, and more.
I utilize person-centered, strength-based approaches, dialectical-behavioral, and cognitive-behavioral techniques in my practice to support you in meeting your goals.
Telehealth openings immediately available - My goal as your therapist is to allow you a space to feel heard and validated in your experiences. Attempting to cope with a mental health concern is often a lonely and exhausting process. Additionally, pursuing counseling can often be a difficult decision to make, but one that I believe is worthwhile. I enjoy working with individuals ages 10+, and have experience working with social anxiety, sports performance anxiety, depression, life adjustments, and more.
(319) 800-5564 View (319) 800-5564
Photo of Monique Jeanette Maldonado, MACP, IADC, LMHC, Counselor
Monique Jeanette Maldonado
Counselor, MACP, IADC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cedar Rapids, IA 52402
I offer a variety of ways to achieve change: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Mindfulness; DBT skills training; Attachment Based Therapy; Motivational Interviewing and Trans-theoretical Model of change.
Searching for help is a courageous first step to change. You may be feeling anxious or depressed. Are you looking for support in changing addictive behaviors from a non-judgmental approach? Perhaps you have experienced traumatic events that have left you feeling "stuck." Or maybe you have relationship issues and aren't sure where to go from here. Many of my clients have experienced grief and loss and simply need support working through the stages of grief. I have also served children and families. Whatever your needs, there IS hope.
I offer a variety of ways to achieve change: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Mindfulness; DBT skills training; Attachment Based Therapy; Motivational Interviewing and Trans-theoretical Model of change.
Searching for help is a courageous first step to change. You may be feeling anxious or depressed. Are you looking for support in changing addictive behaviors from a non-judgmental approach? Perhaps you have experienced traumatic events that have left you feeling "stuck." Or maybe you have relationship issues and aren't sure where to go from here. Many of my clients have experienced grief and loss and simply need support working through the stages of grief. I have also served children and families. Whatever your needs, there IS hope.
(515) 500-2103 View (515) 500-2103
Photo of Abigail Van Patten-Freeman, MA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Abigail Van Patten-Freeman
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Coralville, IA 52241
In my work, I tend to use person-centered, cognitive behavioral, dialectical, relational-cultural, and mindfulness approaches.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in the state of Iowa. I received both my Bachelor's degree in Psychology and my Master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of Northern Iowa. I currently work with ages 10 and older on presenting concerns such as life transitions, difficulties with adjustments to life experiences, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship difficulties, and traumatic experiences. I often work with clients who are ready to dig deep into the 'why' behind their symptoms and engage in the 'how' of working through their experiences.
In my work, I tend to use person-centered, cognitive behavioral, dialectical, relational-cultural, and mindfulness approaches.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in the state of Iowa. I received both my Bachelor's degree in Psychology and my Master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of Northern Iowa. I currently work with ages 10 and older on presenting concerns such as life transitions, difficulties with adjustments to life experiences, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship difficulties, and traumatic experiences. I often work with clients who are ready to dig deep into the 'why' behind their symptoms and engage in the 'how' of working through their experiences.
(319) 220-5068 View (319) 220-5068
Photo of Jennifer Drew - Meadowlark Psychiatric Services, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Meadowlark Psychiatric Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
North Liberty, IA 52317
I have experience working with groups and individuals, and my approach incorporates the relational model, acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy.
My hope for you as my client, is that you move toward caring for yourself, and creating a life that is in line with your values. My therapeutic approach is collaborative, client-focused, and goal-oriented. I use a strengths-based approach to therapy, and believe in taking a practical approach to problem-solving. I primarily work with individual adults and couples. I look forward to supporting you as you go through this journey!
I have experience working with groups and individuals, and my approach incorporates the relational model, acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy.
My hope for you as my client, is that you move toward caring for yourself, and creating a life that is in line with your values. My therapeutic approach is collaborative, client-focused, and goal-oriented. I use a strengths-based approach to therapy, and believe in taking a practical approach to problem-solving. I primarily work with individual adults and couples. I look forward to supporting you as you go through this journey!
(515) 608-8670 View (515) 608-8670
Photo of Renee June Barbu, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Renee June Barbu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Cedar Falls, IA 50613
Some of my counseling approaches are person centered, solution-focused therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance commitment therapy and trauma informed care.
I have extensive experience helping clients manage several disorders. I enjoy working with clients with intense emotions such as shame, guilt, fear, and anger. I assist in managing symptoms coming from abuse, rejection, and other past traumas. I am aware that people often have the perception that they don't fit it in or are disconnected from others. I would like to be able to be a support person and help clients navigate feelings and relationships. As well as helping clients gain communication skills and build a healthy support network.
Some of my counseling approaches are person centered, solution-focused therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance commitment therapy and trauma informed care.
I have extensive experience helping clients manage several disorders. I enjoy working with clients with intense emotions such as shame, guilt, fear, and anger. I assist in managing symptoms coming from abuse, rejection, and other past traumas. I am aware that people often have the perception that they don't fit it in or are disconnected from others. I would like to be able to be a support person and help clients navigate feelings and relationships. As well as helping clients gain communication skills and build a healthy support network.
(319) 220-0947 View (319) 220-0947
Photo of Raejean Sue Rosedale, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Raejean Sue Rosedale
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Marshalltown, IA 50158  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Traditional CBT and DBT interventions are utilized as well as creative virtual activities such as; shared journaling, drawing activities, mindfulness, meditation, therapeutic storytelling, music and art interventions.
Are you struggling with balancing your life and you feel like something is missing? I can provide you with genuine support, compassion and direction toward more joy in your life. Renew Counseling helps work through life transitions, anxiety, mood disorders, depression, addictions, grief/loss, spirituality and body positivity. As a counselor and a Christian mom, I enjoy working with women and families to improve communication and relationship strategies, along with improving connection with your kids. Reach out today and renew your mind, body and spirit.
Traditional CBT and DBT interventions are utilized as well as creative virtual activities such as; shared journaling, drawing activities, mindfulness, meditation, therapeutic storytelling, music and art interventions.
Are you struggling with balancing your life and you feel like something is missing? I can provide you with genuine support, compassion and direction toward more joy in your life. Renew Counseling helps work through life transitions, anxiety, mood disorders, depression, addictions, grief/loss, spirituality and body positivity. As a counselor and a Christian mom, I enjoy working with women and families to improve communication and relationship strategies, along with improving connection with your kids. Reach out today and renew your mind, body and spirit.
(641) 925-2331 View (641) 925-2331
Photo of Shauna Huberty, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shauna Huberty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Bondurant, IA 50035  (Online Only)
​My therapeutic lens utilizes culturally aware ​and ​evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, & Internal Family Systems Therapy.
I support adults experiencing depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, trauma, chronic stress, and relationship challenges. You don't have to face these challenges alone. Our sessions are a collaboration in a safe, non-judgmental space. Your needs shape the clinical approach we will take in treatment. Together, we'll build coping skills, discover your strengths, and foster lasting transformation.
​My therapeutic lens utilizes culturally aware ​and ​evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, & Internal Family Systems Therapy.
I support adults experiencing depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, trauma, chronic stress, and relationship challenges. You don't have to face these challenges alone. Our sessions are a collaboration in a safe, non-judgmental space. Your needs shape the clinical approach we will take in treatment. Together, we'll build coping skills, discover your strengths, and foster lasting transformation.
(563) 281-5310 View (563) 281-5310
Photo of Riley Rhines-Loomer, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Riley Rhines-Loomer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cedar Rapids, IA 52403
I used many different modalities to inform my practice from play therapy, CBT, DBT, ACT and being client centered.
My name is Riley Rhines-Loomer and I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker at Tanager Place in Cedar Rapids. I work with children primarily, with a range of different diagnoses. I come from a place of empathy, understanding and believe in the client to be the one that leads the sessions with me along as a support person who can offer a safe place to be heard.
I used many different modalities to inform my practice from play therapy, CBT, DBT, ACT and being client centered.
My name is Riley Rhines-Loomer and I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker at Tanager Place in Cedar Rapids. I work with children primarily, with a range of different diagnoses. I come from a place of empathy, understanding and believe in the client to be the one that leads the sessions with me along as a support person who can offer a safe place to be heard.
(319) 774-6138 View (319) 774-6138
Photo of Jennifer Luria, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Luria
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Tiffin, IA 52340  (Online Only)
I specialize in providing Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Project ImPACT, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
I work with children, teens, young adults, and adults with anxiety, depression, ADHD, developmental disorders (including autism), and stress related to relationships and transitions. I have significant experience working with children and their caregivers to help children who struggle with anxiety, transitions, and struggles in different situations. I enjoy helping parents have strategies to best help their children. I have a MSW degree from the University of Iowa. Prior to going into private practice I worked at the Center or Disabilities & Development at the University of Iowa Hospital for 9 years.
I specialize in providing Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Project ImPACT, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
I work with children, teens, young adults, and adults with anxiety, depression, ADHD, developmental disorders (including autism), and stress related to relationships and transitions. I have significant experience working with children and their caregivers to help children who struggle with anxiety, transitions, and struggles in different situations. I enjoy helping parents have strategies to best help their children. I have a MSW degree from the University of Iowa. Prior to going into private practice I worked at the Center or Disabilities & Development at the University of Iowa Hospital for 9 years.
(319) 220-5548 View (319) 220-5548
Photo of Casey Theis, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Casey Theis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Dubuque, IA 52001
Waitlist for new clients
I also utilize several therapeutic techniques including EMDR, mindfulness, CBT and DBT.
The client-therapist relationship is one of the most valuable elements of therapy. It is my pleasure to get to know each individual I work with and to form a relationship that allows them to feel supported and understood - there is such power in being heard. I like to collaborate with clients to brainstorm ways for them to achieve their goals in a realistic and attainable way, by highlighting each client's strengths, resilience and resources. I do my best to offer support wherever you are in your journey through life.
I also utilize several therapeutic techniques including EMDR, mindfulness, CBT and DBT.
The client-therapist relationship is one of the most valuable elements of therapy. It is my pleasure to get to know each individual I work with and to form a relationship that allows them to feel supported and understood - there is such power in being heard. I like to collaborate with clients to brainstorm ways for them to achieve their goals in a realistic and attainable way, by highlighting each client's strengths, resilience and resources. I do my best to offer support wherever you are in your journey through life.
(563) 538-0348 View (563) 538-0348
Photo of Nicole Johnson, LMHC, Counselor
Nicole Johnson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Waterloo, IA 50701
I am an experienced therapist who is dedicated to helping children, adolescents, and adults experiencing a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety/depression, OCD and BPD/EID. My practice is informed by various therapeutic approaches including person-centered, strength-based, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness techniques, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and exposure response therapy (ERP). I continue to strive toward increasing my knowledge base and use of additional evidence-based therapeutic approaches to inform my practice and provide clients with the skills they need to reach their full potential.
I am an experienced therapist who is dedicated to helping children, adolescents, and adults experiencing a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety/depression, OCD and BPD/EID. My practice is informed by various therapeutic approaches including person-centered, strength-based, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness techniques, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and exposure response therapy (ERP). I continue to strive toward increasing my knowledge base and use of additional evidence-based therapeutic approaches to inform my practice and provide clients with the skills they need to reach their full potential.
(319) 220-3149 View (319) 220-3149
Photo of Angelia McCright, MA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Angelia McCright
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ankeny, IA 50023
I incorporate and integrate brain science, DBT/CBT, polyvagal theory, attachment theory, parts work and EMDR into my practice.
Finding the right partner in your counseling journey is especially important in the healing process. I provide a compassionate and supportive presence for individuals 18 and over who are struggling with a variety of life challenges and mental health issues. I also provide support to parents who are facing challenging situations with their children.
I incorporate and integrate brain science, DBT/CBT, polyvagal theory, attachment theory, parts work and EMDR into my practice.
Finding the right partner in your counseling journey is especially important in the healing process. I provide a compassionate and supportive presence for individuals 18 and over who are struggling with a variety of life challenges and mental health issues. I also provide support to parents who are facing challenging situations with their children.
(515) 219-4971 View (515) 219-4971
Photo of Arin Renaud, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Arin Renaud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ankeny, IA 50023
Immediate openings available! As a Licensed Masters Social Worker with a career spanning over 15 years, I have primarily worked in a school setting. My passion lies in working with adolescents and young adults, providing them with a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to explore areas for growth and change. I enjoy working with individuals on common issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, and other life adjustments. As a therapist, I utilize aspects of CBT, DBT and ACT. In my free time, I enjoy spending time with my family, being active and enjoying being out doors.
Immediate openings available! As a Licensed Masters Social Worker with a career spanning over 15 years, I have primarily worked in a school setting. My passion lies in working with adolescents and young adults, providing them with a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to explore areas for growth and change. I enjoy working with individuals on common issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, and other life adjustments. As a therapist, I utilize aspects of CBT, DBT and ACT. In my free time, I enjoy spending time with my family, being active and enjoying being out doors.
(515) 516-4202 View (515) 516-4202
Photo of Eliza Lower, LISW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eliza Lower
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ankeny, IA 50023
Sometimes life is really hard and having someone to talk to, can make all the difference. Hello! My name is Eliza and I look forward to supporting you in your therapy journey. With over 15 years of experience as a mental health therapist, I specialize in working with adults and teens on challenges with everyday life stressors and changes, anxiety, trauma, body/image and grief/loss as well as therapy for other mental health providers. I am trained in a variety of modalities including EMDR, TF-CBT and DBT.
Sometimes life is really hard and having someone to talk to, can make all the difference. Hello! My name is Eliza and I look forward to supporting you in your therapy journey. With over 15 years of experience as a mental health therapist, I specialize in working with adults and teens on challenges with everyday life stressors and changes, anxiety, trauma, body/image and grief/loss as well as therapy for other mental health providers. I am trained in a variety of modalities including EMDR, TF-CBT and DBT.
(515) 579-5933 View (515) 579-5933

See more therapy options for Kalona

Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists

Who is DBT for?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is designed for people who experience extreme emotional suffering because they lack the skills of emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The basic affliction can underlie a wide range of conditions, from borderline and other personality disorders to PTSD and treatment-resistant anxiety and depression. The therapy is helpful to those whose emotional reactivity is so intense it is disruptive to everyday functioning and leads to frequent crises.

Why do people need DBT?

The ability to regulate emotions is a core psychological skill that enables people to function in life and pay attention to the world outside themselves; it is consistently associated with well-being. DBT is designed to help people learn how to manage and regulate their emotions. Originally developed to treat people with borderline personality disorder whose extreme emotional suffering led to self-harming behavior and suicide attempts, the therapy is now applied to other conditions involving emotion dysregulation, particularly when other treatments have failed.

What happens in DBT?

Individuals meet weekly with their therapist to discuss their experiences relating to moods, behavior, and skills. Using checklists they maintain, they review emotional experiences and positive practices they engage in. The diaries help individuals discern what led up to a specific problem encountered, this is followed by discussion of the consequences of their actions. In addition, individuals may meet in class-like small groups to learn skills such as mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance.

How long does DBT last?

Because it is intended to establish long-lasting behavioral change among those with persistent problems, DBT is designed to last six months to a year. DBT includes both weekly sessions of individual therapy and weekly skills-training sessions conducted in small groups. Studies of DBT have documented improvement within a year of treatment, particularly in controlling self-harmful behavior; nevertheless, individuals may require therapy for several years.