Therapists in Long Beach, CA

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Photo of Carol Bartels, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carol Bartels
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90805
Is this the best it can be? You know you are not living your life to its fullest. You look around you at the state of the world and you see conflict, disasters, people being awful to each other and changes that happen so fast, no one can seem to keep up. It seems like you either have to shut down to the pain of the world, or you will drown in it. It’s so much easier in any given moment to lose yourself on your phone, or Netflix, or a drink or…. You can see that you’re checking out – and there’s a price to pay for that – but in the moment, you can’t muster anything better.
Is this the best it can be? You know you are not living your life to its fullest. You look around you at the state of the world and you see conflict, disasters, people being awful to each other and changes that happen so fast, no one can seem to keep up. It seems like you either have to shut down to the pain of the world, or you will drown in it. It’s so much easier in any given moment to lose yourself on your phone, or Netflix, or a drink or…. You can see that you’re checking out – and there’s a price to pay for that – but in the moment, you can’t muster anything better.
(424) 281-6518 View (424) 281-6518
Photo of Nan R Aguirre, PhD, Psychologist
Nan R Aguirre
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90803  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Anxiety and depressive states are running high these days. I bring my experiences with depth work and mindfulness to open dialogue, allowing us to live a more conscious life, and explore our feelings and the undeveloped parts of us. I bring experience in art, dream work, writing, film, and poetry to sessions for those who are interested. Cognitive therapy and mindfulness are used to connect and understand our bodies, emotions, and thoughts. I work in a non directive approach focusing on the issues you bring. I enjoy helping people gain understanding into the Self and how they interact in the world.
Anxiety and depressive states are running high these days. I bring my experiences with depth work and mindfulness to open dialogue, allowing us to live a more conscious life, and explore our feelings and the undeveloped parts of us. I bring experience in art, dream work, writing, film, and poetry to sessions for those who are interested. Cognitive therapy and mindfulness are used to connect and understand our bodies, emotions, and thoughts. I work in a non directive approach focusing on the issues you bring. I enjoy helping people gain understanding into the Self and how they interact in the world.
(714) 643-6825 View (714) 643-6825
Photo of Carlos N Gonzalez, LCSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carlos N Gonzalez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90807
I enjoy using different evidence-based models. However, I am aware of the importance of tailoring my treatment modalities to meet the specific needs of each individual. Together we will focus on breaking unhelpful pattens that hinder growth and quality of life. In unity, I will teach you how to cope, regulate and develop healthier ways to manage problems, and add more meaning to your life.
I enjoy using different evidence-based models. However, I am aware of the importance of tailoring my treatment modalities to meet the specific needs of each individual. Together we will focus on breaking unhelpful pattens that hinder growth and quality of life. In unity, I will teach you how to cope, regulate and develop healthier ways to manage problems, and add more meaning to your life.
(562) 620-8448 View (562) 620-8448
Photo of Alexis King, Alexis, King, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Alexis King
Pre-Licensed Professional, Alexis, King, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90803  (Online Only)
As a passionate therapist specializing in mental health; I am passionate about helping individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve personal growth. I provide compassionate and personalized therapy to support clients in overcoming obstacles and enhancing their overall well-being. I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and well-being. With 4 years of experience in the field, I have cultivated a deep understanding of the complexities surrounding mental health issues and the profound impact they have on individuals and families.
As a passionate therapist specializing in mental health; I am passionate about helping individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve personal growth. I provide compassionate and personalized therapy to support clients in overcoming obstacles and enhancing their overall well-being. I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and well-being. With 4 years of experience in the field, I have cultivated a deep understanding of the complexities surrounding mental health issues and the profound impact they have on individuals and families.
(562) 534-4548 View (562) 534-4548
Photo of Elisa V Lima, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elisa V Lima
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90815
Contemplating therapy can provoke feelings of nervousness and doubt due to thoughts like "Will it really help?". My answer: why not see for yourself? I am here to listen to you. Having worked with families, children, adolescents, and adults for over 10 years as a therapist and school social worker, I know how to create a safe and empowering environment to process feelings and build insight, problem solving, and coping skills.
Contemplating therapy can provoke feelings of nervousness and doubt due to thoughts like "Will it really help?". My answer: why not see for yourself? I am here to listen to you. Having worked with families, children, adolescents, and adults for over 10 years as a therapist and school social worker, I know how to create a safe and empowering environment to process feelings and build insight, problem solving, and coping skills.
(562) 449-4614 View (562) 449-4614
Photo of Ani Harutyunyan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ani Harutyunyan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90813
My name is Ani Harutyunyan. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker having earned my Master of Social Work Degree from the University of Southern California and a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from California State University Northridge. I am a member of NASW and a Certified Cognitive Behavior Therapist. I provide individual, family, couples, and group psychotherapy to adults. Psychotherapy is both a helping relationship and a process of change, which overcomes challenges and increases happiness.
My name is Ani Harutyunyan. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker having earned my Master of Social Work Degree from the University of Southern California and a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from California State University Northridge. I am a member of NASW and a Certified Cognitive Behavior Therapist. I provide individual, family, couples, and group psychotherapy to adults. Psychotherapy is both a helping relationship and a process of change, which overcomes challenges and increases happiness.
(562) 546-2978 View (562) 546-2978
Photo of Gaea Ray, AMFT, ATR
Gaea Ray
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90814  (Online Only)
Welcome to a nurturing space where healing begins. I offer a sanctuary for children, teens, and adults to explore their emotions through both conversation and the expressive language of art. Together, we embark on a journey to challenge and transform unhealthy patterns by delving into their origins. My practice specializes in nurturing the healing process for concerns like anxiety, depression, grief, self-esteem, and fostering healthy relationships. Whether you're feeling stuck, unheard, or adrift, I personalize my approach to your distinct needs, guiding you toward healing, hope, and reconnection.
Welcome to a nurturing space where healing begins. I offer a sanctuary for children, teens, and adults to explore their emotions through both conversation and the expressive language of art. Together, we embark on a journey to challenge and transform unhealthy patterns by delving into their origins. My practice specializes in nurturing the healing process for concerns like anxiety, depression, grief, self-esteem, and fostering healthy relationships. Whether you're feeling stuck, unheard, or adrift, I personalize my approach to your distinct needs, guiding you toward healing, hope, and reconnection.
(562) 784-7106 View (562) 784-7106
Photo of Lisa Paer, MS, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Paer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90815  (Online Only)
I'm a neurodivergent trauma therapist with a focus on Autistic folks and ADHDers. We have unique ways of experiencing the world and healing from traumatic experiences. That's why I offer therapy that's tailored to you, incorporating your special interests, preferences, and values into the process. Together, we'll develop a treatment plan that addresses your specific struggles and aspirations and aligns with your strengths and learning style.
I'm a neurodivergent trauma therapist with a focus on Autistic folks and ADHDers. We have unique ways of experiencing the world and healing from traumatic experiences. That's why I offer therapy that's tailored to you, incorporating your special interests, preferences, and values into the process. Together, we'll develop a treatment plan that addresses your specific struggles and aspirations and aligns with your strengths and learning style.
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Photo of Alen Arjad, MA, AMFT, CADC-I, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Alen Arjad
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, CADC-I
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90808
No matter what you’re seeking, whether it’s overcoming worries, desiring more out of life, reducing stress in relationships, or becoming a more refined version of yourself, it’s helpful to have an ally throughout the journey. I believe that people have within them the creativity, strengths, and solutions to become who and what they want to be. My style is integrative which aims to address each person’s unique experience through a wide variety of psychotherapies and tools.
No matter what you’re seeking, whether it’s overcoming worries, desiring more out of life, reducing stress in relationships, or becoming a more refined version of yourself, it’s helpful to have an ally throughout the journey. I believe that people have within them the creativity, strengths, and solutions to become who and what they want to be. My style is integrative which aims to address each person’s unique experience through a wide variety of psychotherapies and tools.
(949) 433-8597 View (949) 433-8597
Photo of Dorit Saberi - Thrive Psychological Services, PhD, Psychologist
Dorit Saberi - Thrive Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90815  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience working with various evidence-based modalities as well as alternative and somatic therapies. I currently work at Harbor UCLA as a Clinical Director of a Trauma service and as Associate Professor at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine. I am Bilingual in Hebrew and English. Areas of specialization: Mood disorders; anxiety disorders; post traumatic stress disorder; life transition and adjustment issues; bereavement and loss; couple and relationship therapy; Family therapy; Parenting strategies; work related stress. I am also available for lectures, and trainings and certifications (Prolonged Exposure)
I have extensive experience working with various evidence-based modalities as well as alternative and somatic therapies. I currently work at Harbor UCLA as a Clinical Director of a Trauma service and as Associate Professor at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine. I am Bilingual in Hebrew and English. Areas of specialization: Mood disorders; anxiety disorders; post traumatic stress disorder; life transition and adjustment issues; bereavement and loss; couple and relationship therapy; Family therapy; Parenting strategies; work related stress. I am also available for lectures, and trainings and certifications (Prolonged Exposure)
(424) 374-1433 View (424) 374-1433
Photo of Jeffrey Salinas, MS, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jeffrey Salinas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90755
Is this you? All we do is fight! It seems like we never hear each other and neither of us listens anymore! It is so frustrating I do not want to come home and try. I have been successfully helping couples to develop the tools necessary to communicate effectively for more than 20 years. Having disagreements is not unusual. Learning how to resolve disagreements is a key element to healthy relationships. Conflict resolution is about learning to fight fairly by listening in an atmosphere of Respect, Trust, Safety and love and not placing my desire to be right over the relationship. $185 per 50-minute session. Discounted rates apt.11-4
Is this you? All we do is fight! It seems like we never hear each other and neither of us listens anymore! It is so frustrating I do not want to come home and try. I have been successfully helping couples to develop the tools necessary to communicate effectively for more than 20 years. Having disagreements is not unusual. Learning how to resolve disagreements is a key element to healthy relationships. Conflict resolution is about learning to fight fairly by listening in an atmosphere of Respect, Trust, Safety and love and not placing my desire to be right over the relationship. $185 per 50-minute session. Discounted rates apt.11-4
(562) 285-6359 View (562) 285-6359
Photo of Gricelda Saldivar-Napoles, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gricelda Saldivar-Napoles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90802  (Online Only)
In life, we all encounter challenges and stress. I am here to help create a warm and collaborative therapeutic environment to work together on goals. I offer a non-pathologizing and empowering understanding of human issues to make the changes you wish to manifest in life.
In life, we all encounter challenges and stress. I am here to help create a warm and collaborative therapeutic environment to work together on goals. I offer a non-pathologizing and empowering understanding of human issues to make the changes you wish to manifest in life.
(510) 962-4130 View (510) 962-4130
Photo of Meghan Elaine Shamburger, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Meghan Elaine Shamburger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90807
The truth about mental health is that being mentally healthy is not simply being happy all the time and perfect relationships are not born they are built. It is a fact that life is full of twists and turns with amazing highs and heartbreaking lows, not just for the individual but for couples and families as well. True mental health is the ability to navigate through these points while embracing the full range of your emotions and honoring them and every part of yourself! This is the stuff that mentally healthy and strong people and relationships are made of and this is where my passion lies!
The truth about mental health is that being mentally healthy is not simply being happy all the time and perfect relationships are not born they are built. It is a fact that life is full of twists and turns with amazing highs and heartbreaking lows, not just for the individual but for couples and families as well. True mental health is the ability to navigate through these points while embracing the full range of your emotions and honoring them and every part of yourself! This is the stuff that mentally healthy and strong people and relationships are made of and this is where my passion lies!
(562) 265-3854 View (562) 265-3854
Photo of For More Information - Insightful Matters Family Counseling Professionals, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Insightful Matters Family Counseling Professionals
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90814  (Online Only)
Cannot find someone who takes your insurance? Frustrated with calling therapists and not receiving a call back or there being a schedule conflict? Insightful Matters may be the solution for you. Here, you call one number and you are taken care of. You have access to using your insurance if you wish, a full range of therapists to choose from, days & times, as well as specialties. You can check out our individual profiles here on psychology today and on our website at www.insightfulmatters.com.
Cannot find someone who takes your insurance? Frustrated with calling therapists and not receiving a call back or there being a schedule conflict? Insightful Matters may be the solution for you. Here, you call one number and you are taken care of. You have access to using your insurance if you wish, a full range of therapists to choose from, days & times, as well as specialties. You can check out our individual profiles here on psychology today and on our website at www.insightfulmatters.com.
(714) 654-1570 View (714) 654-1570
Photo of Lacey Dippolito, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Lacey Dippolito
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90807
I'll help you rewrite your trauma story with faith-integrated, evidence-based healing. As a therapist who's walked through the darkness of personal losses, I offer more than sympathy—I'll help guide you toward the light of resilience and renewed purpose. Whether you're a grieving parent, a young person battling inner demons, or someone trapped in cycle of addiction, I see your pain and I'm here to help you find your way back to yourself. In our sessions together, we'll create a safe haven where your experiences are validated and your strength to face them is supported.
I'll help you rewrite your trauma story with faith-integrated, evidence-based healing. As a therapist who's walked through the darkness of personal losses, I offer more than sympathy—I'll help guide you toward the light of resilience and renewed purpose. Whether you're a grieving parent, a young person battling inner demons, or someone trapped in cycle of addiction, I see your pain and I'm here to help you find your way back to yourself. In our sessions together, we'll create a safe haven where your experiences are validated and your strength to face them is supported.
(562) 568-5909 View (562) 568-5909
Photo of Elizabeth Boehning White, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Boehning White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90802  (Online Only)
I bring over 25 years of experience as a licensed mental health professional. My training in clinical social work and education in the humanities along with my continued training in behavioral sciences allows me to be an effective therapist. As a psychotherapist, I bring warmth and compassion earning the respect of my clients and admiration from colleagues for my skills and expertise. Living healthy and productive lives are goals that many clients desire when looking for a psychotherapist. The therapy relationship is a healing space to find and take the steps to a more satisfying emotional life.
I bring over 25 years of experience as a licensed mental health professional. My training in clinical social work and education in the humanities along with my continued training in behavioral sciences allows me to be an effective therapist. As a psychotherapist, I bring warmth and compassion earning the respect of my clients and admiration from colleagues for my skills and expertise. Living healthy and productive lives are goals that many clients desire when looking for a psychotherapist. The therapy relationship is a healing space to find and take the steps to a more satisfying emotional life.
(424) 203-4639 View (424) 203-4639
Photo of Roger Justin Wood, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Roger Justin Wood
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90814
I have been in private practice for over twenty five years and am wholly dedicated to providing my clients with the best care possible. In my practice I create a safe place for you to explore past and present issues blocking you from expressing yourself in your relationships and preventing you from accomplishing your goals or even having goals.
I have been in private practice for over twenty five years and am wholly dedicated to providing my clients with the best care possible. In my practice I create a safe place for you to explore past and present issues blocking you from expressing yourself in your relationships and preventing you from accomplishing your goals or even having goals.
(714) 462-1687 View (714) 462-1687
Photo of Halley King, AMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Halley King
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90814
Are you looking to find support for yourself or your child but don't know where to start? Struggling with overwhelm and shutting down instead of feeling productive and joyful? I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, trauma, and self-esteem. I'm here to provide effective and compassionate support that goes beyond listening and decreasing superficial symptoms. I tailor my approach to everyone's unique needs, using evidence-based modalities including EMDR, CBT, play therapy, and expressive arts.
Are you looking to find support for yourself or your child but don't know where to start? Struggling with overwhelm and shutting down instead of feeling productive and joyful? I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, trauma, and self-esteem. I'm here to provide effective and compassionate support that goes beyond listening and decreasing superficial symptoms. I tailor my approach to everyone's unique needs, using evidence-based modalities including EMDR, CBT, play therapy, and expressive arts.
(562) 539-2321 View (562) 539-2321
Photo of Bonavy A. Som-Keo, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bonavy A. Som-Keo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90805
My name is Bonavy Som-Keo. I am a licensed marriage and family therapist in the state of California. I have provided therapeutic services for 7 years in both non-profit and county organizations throughout my career. My approach I come from a background of utilizing CBT, DBT, and Solution Focused. I focus on you, the client, and what is happening to you at the moment. In addition to listening to what you're saying, I will make eye contact, watch body language, behavior, and tone of voice to be present with you and help you feel comfortable while you are describing personal situations that cause stress and mental health issues.
My name is Bonavy Som-Keo. I am a licensed marriage and family therapist in the state of California. I have provided therapeutic services for 7 years in both non-profit and county organizations throughout my career. My approach I come from a background of utilizing CBT, DBT, and Solution Focused. I focus on you, the client, and what is happening to you at the moment. In addition to listening to what you're saying, I will make eye contact, watch body language, behavior, and tone of voice to be present with you and help you feel comfortable while you are describing personal situations that cause stress and mental health issues.
(323) 379-1128 View (323) 379-1128
Photo of Adrian M Gonzalez, MSW, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Adrian M Gonzalez
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Long Beach, CA 90807  (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist is a crucial step toward understanding and healing. I’m here to support you through life’s complexities with a person-centered approach that puts your unique needs and experiences at the forefront. In our sessions, my goal is to collaborate with you to navigate the challenges you’re facing, whether they relate to trauma, depression, anxiety, relationships, or stress.
Finding the right therapist is a crucial step toward understanding and healing. I’m here to support you through life’s complexities with a person-centered approach that puts your unique needs and experiences at the forefront. In our sessions, my goal is to collaborate with you to navigate the challenges you’re facing, whether they relate to trauma, depression, anxiety, relationships, or stress.
(323) 473-4691 View (323) 473-4691
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Long Beach, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Long Beach, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Self Esteem
72% Relationship Issues
72% Coping Skills
70% Trauma and PTSD
64% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Long Beach, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Long Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.