Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA

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Photo of Damaris Tobar, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Damaris Tobar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fontana, CA 92335
My name is Damaris Tobar, and I am a Bilingual (Spanish), Bicultural, Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in the San Gabriel Valley, California. I support clients statewide via Telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, stress, trauma, domestic violence, and substance abuse. Building relationship is an important part of the therapeutic process and I look forward to being in community with you. "If you are a therapist and you're not acknowledging how systems of oppression and intersectionality impact mental health, then you're likely centering supremacy and whiteness in your work." -Dr. Ebony
My name is Damaris Tobar, and I am a Bilingual (Spanish), Bicultural, Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in the San Gabriel Valley, California. I support clients statewide via Telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, stress, trauma, domestic violence, and substance abuse. Building relationship is an important part of the therapeutic process and I look forward to being in community with you. "If you are a therapist and you're not acknowledging how systems of oppression and intersectionality impact mental health, then you're likely centering supremacy and whiteness in your work." -Dr. Ebony
(951) 456-4747 View (951) 456-4747
Photo of undefined - Kemp Individual & Family Therapy, Inc, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kemp Individual & Family Therapy, Inc
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Apple Valley, CA 92308
Congratulations on taking the first step in finding help. Here at Kemp Therapy we understand mental health challenges. Anxiety and depression can be overwhelming and interfere with happiness and peace. Relationship issues can cause distress that interferes with feelings of security and connectedness. More complex conditions including PTSD, Bipolar, and Schizophrenia can take over the ability to function.
Congratulations on taking the first step in finding help. Here at Kemp Therapy we understand mental health challenges. Anxiety and depression can be overwhelming and interfere with happiness and peace. Relationship issues can cause distress that interferes with feelings of security and connectedness. More complex conditions including PTSD, Bipolar, and Schizophrenia can take over the ability to function.
(760) 227-2915 View (760) 227-2915
Photo of Adhd-Informed Trauma Therapist Erica Cardenas, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Adhd-Informed Trauma Therapist Erica Cardenas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Upland, CA 91786  (Online Only)
I am a Latina, neurodivergent (ADHD) therapist who loves to work with neurodivergent young adults. Clients who see me are usually struggling with relationship issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, and ADHD. Clients who work with me tend to like joking in session, being challenged with compassion, and working collaboratively to work towards their goals. Together, we can identify your strengths, find ways to improve functioning, and create a new understanding of what it means to have a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
I am a Latina, neurodivergent (ADHD) therapist who loves to work with neurodivergent young adults. Clients who see me are usually struggling with relationship issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, and ADHD. Clients who work with me tend to like joking in session, being challenged with compassion, and working collaboratively to work towards their goals. Together, we can identify your strengths, find ways to improve functioning, and create a new understanding of what it means to have a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
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Photo of Claudia Gutierrez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Claudia Gutierrez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Redlands, CA 92374
Have you ever found yourself thinking "I am not good enough" or "others cannot be trusted"? Most of us may have these core beliefs that interfere with our ability to reach our full potential. In addition, many of the issues and environmental factors influence who we become whether it is divorce, stress, substance us we will work together to help you heal and become the best version of yourself. By providing a safe and secure space in which clients can explore and overcome their challenges, we can work collaboratively towards your goals of healing. I will work as much as you do and we can make this a corrective experience.
Have you ever found yourself thinking "I am not good enough" or "others cannot be trusted"? Most of us may have these core beliefs that interfere with our ability to reach our full potential. In addition, many of the issues and environmental factors influence who we become whether it is divorce, stress, substance us we will work together to help you heal and become the best version of yourself. By providing a safe and secure space in which clients can explore and overcome their challenges, we can work collaboratively towards your goals of healing. I will work as much as you do and we can make this a corrective experience.
(909) 265-7261 View (909) 265-7261
Photo of Don Kelly, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Don Kelly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Apple Valley, CA 92307
Not accepting new clients
I am not accepting new clients (adult only) for in-person appointments only at this time. If you are experiencing difficulties managing day-to-day stressors, I have extensive experience working with a wide range of emotional issues, depression, trauma, anxiety, anger management, crisis intervention and struggles related to parenting. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 24 years experience providing therapy and counseling services to individuals. For the last 46 years, I have resided in the high desert and am well acquainted with the unique issues and cultures of the local area.
I am not accepting new clients (adult only) for in-person appointments only at this time. If you are experiencing difficulties managing day-to-day stressors, I have extensive experience working with a wide range of emotional issues, depression, trauma, anxiety, anger management, crisis intervention and struggles related to parenting. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 24 years experience providing therapy and counseling services to individuals. For the last 46 years, I have resided in the high desert and am well acquainted with the unique issues and cultures of the local area.
(760) 227-5339 View (760) 227-5339
Citrus Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Redlands, CA 92373
Citrus Counseling Services is a registered 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that has been providing comprehensive mental health services throughout the Inland Empire since 1978. We have over 50 employees that provide professional, compassionate, evidence-based mental health services to meet the needs in our community.
Citrus Counseling Services is a registered 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that has been providing comprehensive mental health services throughout the Inland Empire since 1978. We have over 50 employees that provide professional, compassionate, evidence-based mental health services to meet the needs in our community.
(909) 402-3583 View (909) 402-3583
Photo of undefined - Monarch Clinical Therapies / Sheryl N. Torres , MSW, LCSW, PPSC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Monarch Clinical Therapies / Sheryl N. Torres
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
Alta Loma, CA 91701  (Online Only)
The journey through life involves adapting and overcoming obstacles. However, there are times we struggle to find the right path or tools to keep moving forward. Are you experiencing isolation or feelings of overwhelming stress? Is the relationship with your significant other, children, or friendships strained under the pressure of daily living? Or are you becoming aware of how some events in your past that are affecting you today and need help processing those emotions? We are relational creatures and are not made to walk through life alone. I can walk with you on your journey to healing.
The journey through life involves adapting and overcoming obstacles. However, there are times we struggle to find the right path or tools to keep moving forward. Are you experiencing isolation or feelings of overwhelming stress? Is the relationship with your significant other, children, or friendships strained under the pressure of daily living? Or are you becoming aware of how some events in your past that are affecting you today and need help processing those emotions? We are relational creatures and are not made to walk through life alone. I can walk with you on your journey to healing.
(909) 325-7099 View (909) 325-7099
Photo of John Cabonce, APCC, ASW, PPS
John Cabonce
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC, ASW, PPS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Victorville, CA 92392
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! Do traumatic memories impact different areas of your life? You tried so hard to cope with them, and yet they still affect you, your relationships, and your hopes for the future. The trauma limits your capacity to move on to the next chapter and hold you back from creating your preferred life story. The trauma does not get the final say on how you live your life. What if I tell you that you are able to reclaim that life you have always wanted, as you get in touch with your strengths and values in a safe space to create your solutions and build hope. You are the author of your story! Let me help you write it.
Welcome! Do traumatic memories impact different areas of your life? You tried so hard to cope with them, and yet they still affect you, your relationships, and your hopes for the future. The trauma limits your capacity to move on to the next chapter and hold you back from creating your preferred life story. The trauma does not get the final say on how you live your life. What if I tell you that you are able to reclaim that life you have always wanted, as you get in touch with your strengths and values in a safe space to create your solutions and build hope. You are the author of your story! Let me help you write it.
(442) 233-3895 View (442) 233-3895
Photo of David Gutierrez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
David Gutierrez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Hello I am David Gutierrez LMFT, I am a bilingual Spanish/English Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. I have a Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from Argosy University. I am a certified EMDR therapist through the EMDR International Association and I am also a certified clinical hypnotherapist through the National Board of Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists. I have over 8 years of experience providing high-quality mental health services. I am also a US Navy veteran and have experience working with veterans dealing with PTSD, military sexual trauma, addictions, and other mental health issues.
Hello I am David Gutierrez LMFT, I am a bilingual Spanish/English Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. I have a Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from Argosy University. I am a certified EMDR therapist through the EMDR International Association and I am also a certified clinical hypnotherapist through the National Board of Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists. I have over 8 years of experience providing high-quality mental health services. I am also a US Navy veteran and have experience working with veterans dealing with PTSD, military sexual trauma, addictions, and other mental health issues.
(909) 442-4657 View (909) 442-4657
Photo of Jonathan Feinberg, PhD, Psychologist
Jonathan Feinberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Fontana, CA 92335
Hello! My name is Dr. Jonathan Feinberg, and I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist based in the San Diego area. My primary modalities are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), although I am always open to adjusting my approach to the needs of my clients. I enjoy helping people overcome their personal challenges by providing an empathic presence and helping them try new things and view their situation from a new angle.
Hello! My name is Dr. Jonathan Feinberg, and I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist based in the San Diego area. My primary modalities are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), although I am always open to adjusting my approach to the needs of my clients. I enjoy helping people overcome their personal challenges by providing an empathic presence and helping them try new things and view their situation from a new angle.
(951) 749-5703 View (951) 749-5703
Photo of Zulema Velazquez, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Zulema Velazquez
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Bernardino, CA 92408  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a compassionate therapist with a lot of respect and understanding for individuals facing difficulties. I have experience working with multiple mental health issues and a diverse clientele. I invite you to join me in finding interventions that are appropriate for your own life and journey.
I am a compassionate therapist with a lot of respect and understanding for individuals facing difficulties. I have experience working with multiple mental health issues and a diverse clientele. I invite you to join me in finding interventions that are appropriate for your own life and journey.
(951) 467-3189 View (951) 467-3189
Photo of William Webster, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
William Webster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chino Hills, CA 91709
Hello, my name is William Webster and my approach to the therapeutic process is to engage in a collaboration with an individual to support change in the areas of anxiety, trauma, depression, parenting, employment, and changes that occur over the course of one's life. My focus would be to learn about the individual's life to support healing and change in the areas of depression, anxiety, parenting, employment challenges, and life changes. In sessions, I strive to create an atmosphere of calm consideration that encourages exploration of the circumstances as well as the development of steps to reduce one's current struggles.
Hello, my name is William Webster and my approach to the therapeutic process is to engage in a collaboration with an individual to support change in the areas of anxiety, trauma, depression, parenting, employment, and changes that occur over the course of one's life. My focus would be to learn about the individual's life to support healing and change in the areas of depression, anxiety, parenting, employment challenges, and life changes. In sessions, I strive to create an atmosphere of calm consideration that encourages exploration of the circumstances as well as the development of steps to reduce one's current struggles.
(909) 317-3432 View (909) 317-3432
Photo of Carolyn Williams, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carolyn Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I'm a California licensed (LCSW), nationally certified TF-CBT therapist. I work with children, adolescent and adults with significant trauma histories. I've been practicing psychotherapy for 20 years with people experiencing depression, anxiety, grief and loss. My practice is an individualized combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy and Client-Centered Therapy. I have flexible hours that include evenings and Saturdays. Please feel free to give me a call or send me an email if you have additional questions about my practice, or would like to schedule an appointment.
I'm a California licensed (LCSW), nationally certified TF-CBT therapist. I work with children, adolescent and adults with significant trauma histories. I've been practicing psychotherapy for 20 years with people experiencing depression, anxiety, grief and loss. My practice is an individualized combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy and Client-Centered Therapy. I have flexible hours that include evenings and Saturdays. Please feel free to give me a call or send me an email if you have additional questions about my practice, or would like to schedule an appointment.
(909) 675-1323 View (909) 675-1323
Tracy Small
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Victorville, CA 92392
I have over a decade of experience helping clients in a clinical, private, in home and at school setting. Services provided to individuals and groups spanning from children to seniors. I have worked with specialized populations including substance abuse, forensic, and children on the spectrum. My eclectic approach combines behavioral, cognitive, humanistic
I have over a decade of experience helping clients in a clinical, private, in home and at school setting. Services provided to individuals and groups spanning from children to seniors. I have worked with specialized populations including substance abuse, forensic, and children on the spectrum. My eclectic approach combines behavioral, cognitive, humanistic
(442) 253-2175 View (442) 253-2175
Photo of Christine Galvez, MS , LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christine Galvez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS , LMFT
Verified Verified
Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730  (Online Only)
The demands of life can sometimes be difficult to navigate on our own. A therapeutic environment can be a safe and supportive place to address these demands. As a psychotherapist, I work from a compassionate and practical perspective. I enjoy helping others gain insight, find their inner strength, develop healthy communication skills and learn to cope. Most people who are looking for a therapist are searching for an ally and someone who can help them get relief as soon as possible. I use a highly empathic, relationship-based approach that is focused on symptom relief.
The demands of life can sometimes be difficult to navigate on our own. A therapeutic environment can be a safe and supportive place to address these demands. As a psychotherapist, I work from a compassionate and practical perspective. I enjoy helping others gain insight, find their inner strength, develop healthy communication skills and learn to cope. Most people who are looking for a therapist are searching for an ally and someone who can help them get relief as soon as possible. I use a highly empathic, relationship-based approach that is focused on symptom relief.
(951) 337-4590 View (951) 337-4590
Photo of Maritza Del Rio, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maritza Del Rio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Upland, CA 91786
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I am Maritza! Are you looking for a purpose or a sense of direction in your life? Perhaps feeling overwhelmed by your emotions and feeling as if you are unable to make decisions? Therapy can benefit and serve as a powerful strategy to learn tailored tools to help you navigate your emotions and put you back on track. As you may know, life has a way of presenting people with challenges they could have possibly not imagined would have to face. This can lead to anxiety, depression, grief, and ultimately a life transition. I believe that finding our purpose for life, can help us get through our lives.
Hello, I am Maritza! Are you looking for a purpose or a sense of direction in your life? Perhaps feeling overwhelmed by your emotions and feeling as if you are unable to make decisions? Therapy can benefit and serve as a powerful strategy to learn tailored tools to help you navigate your emotions and put you back on track. As you may know, life has a way of presenting people with challenges they could have possibly not imagined would have to face. This can lead to anxiety, depression, grief, and ultimately a life transition. I believe that finding our purpose for life, can help us get through our lives.
(909) 414-0764 View (909) 414-0764
Photo of undefined - Woodsong, PsyD, Psychologist
Woodsong
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Upland, CA 91786
Not accepting new clients
Do not accept insurance. Known for his insightful and lighthearted nature, Dr. Chu has been working with clients for 34 years. Through his broad experience and extensive research, he has adopted many dynamic styles in his therapy practice. He delves deeply with his clients and uses precise language and communication with them to gain a broader understanding of the issues at hand. Because he understands the pressures put on us by modern society, he works particularly well with high achieving people who experience feelings of dissatisfaction. He helps them to understand and overcome their obstacles in order to achieve happiness.
Do not accept insurance. Known for his insightful and lighthearted nature, Dr. Chu has been working with clients for 34 years. Through his broad experience and extensive research, he has adopted many dynamic styles in his therapy practice. He delves deeply with his clients and uses precise language and communication with them to gain a broader understanding of the issues at hand. Because he understands the pressures put on us by modern society, he works particularly well with high achieving people who experience feelings of dissatisfaction. He helps them to understand and overcome their obstacles in order to achieve happiness.
(909) 757-1134 View (909) 757-1134
Photo of undefined - My Serenity Mental Wellness, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
My Serenity Mental Wellness
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Hi I'm Kristine and I work for My Serenity where we focus on Anxiety, Depression, issues of attachment trauma/PTSD, and unresolved emotional pain. We are a holistic group practice & will help your healing, challenges that have affected you socially, insecure about relationships, lead to poor confidence, perhaps you have become a people pleaser. Have you noticed you overthink, and maybe criticize yourself often or put yourself down? Imagine you can tone the noise down, grow insight and take care of your emotional needs better.
Hi I'm Kristine and I work for My Serenity where we focus on Anxiety, Depression, issues of attachment trauma/PTSD, and unresolved emotional pain. We are a holistic group practice & will help your healing, challenges that have affected you socially, insecure about relationships, lead to poor confidence, perhaps you have become a people pleaser. Have you noticed you overthink, and maybe criticize yourself often or put yourself down? Imagine you can tone the noise down, grow insight and take care of your emotional needs better.
(909) 265-7978 View (909) 265-7978
Photo of Carol Kosta
Carol Kosta
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor
Verified Verified
Colton, CA 92324
My name is Carol Kosta. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I hold a master's degree in clinical psychology from Antioch Los Angeles and I am a certified EMDR practitioner. Over the last 20 years I have have worked as a therapist with diverse populations in private practice, community based programs and facilities that treat mental health, eating disorders and substance use disorders. I primarily use Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients recover from trauma and other life distressing experiences.
My name is Carol Kosta. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I hold a master's degree in clinical psychology from Antioch Los Angeles and I am a certified EMDR practitioner. Over the last 20 years I have have worked as a therapist with diverse populations in private practice, community based programs and facilities that treat mental health, eating disorders and substance use disorders. I primarily use Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients recover from trauma and other life distressing experiences.
(909) 859-1015 View (909) 859-1015
Photo of Starla Hendrix, ACSW
Starla Hendrix
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
Colton, CA 92324
Starla Hendrix is an associate social worker with 20+ years of experience working with children & families in a wide range of ages. With a Master' degree in Social Work from Cal Baptist University Starla has the work experience and educational training to support clients in a whole-person, strength-based way, combining insight with action.
Starla Hendrix is an associate social worker with 20+ years of experience working with children & families in a wide range of ages. With a Master' degree in Social Work from Cal Baptist University Starla has the work experience and educational training to support clients in a whole-person, strength-based way, combining insight with action.
(909) 294-2303 View (909) 294-2303

See more therapy options for San Bernardino County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Coping Skills
71% Self Esteem
62% Relationship Issues
62% Stress
61% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
79% Cigna and Evernorth
78% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Bernardino County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.