Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

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Photo of Eric Shanks, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eric Shanks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215
Eric Shanks LCSW is a Licensed Psychotherapist trained at Boston College. With 15 years of experience, and an ongoing commitment to actively pursue advanced education, he strives to be at the top of his profession. Eric is dedicated to helping patients reach their goals as efficiently and effectively as possible to obtain a higher level of overall life satisfaction.
Eric Shanks LCSW is a Licensed Psychotherapist trained at Boston College. With 15 years of experience, and an ongoing commitment to actively pursue advanced education, he strives to be at the top of his profession. Eric is dedicated to helping patients reach their goals as efficiently and effectively as possible to obtain a higher level of overall life satisfaction.
(617) 863-2194 View (617) 863-2194
Photo of Laura Marker, PsyD, Psychologist
Laura Marker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that therapy is a space for us to tackle life’s difficulties as well as celebrate life, find joy, and build self-compassion. I provide empathic, nonjudgmental psychotherapy, focused on deepening a sense of self-awareness, gaining insight into your emotional experiences, and empowering you to live a more fulfilling life. My therapeutic approach is rooted in relational and attachment-based theories. I frequently use humanistic, and behavioral interventions tailored to meet the needs of the individual or couple I am working with. I strive to create authentic and collaborative relationships with everyone I work with.
I believe that therapy is a space for us to tackle life’s difficulties as well as celebrate life, find joy, and build self-compassion. I provide empathic, nonjudgmental psychotherapy, focused on deepening a sense of self-awareness, gaining insight into your emotional experiences, and empowering you to live a more fulfilling life. My therapeutic approach is rooted in relational and attachment-based theories. I frequently use humanistic, and behavioral interventions tailored to meet the needs of the individual or couple I am working with. I strive to create authentic and collaborative relationships with everyone I work with.
(347) 754-3357 View (347) 754-3357
Photo of Kelsie Smagler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelsie Smagler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11211  (Online Only)
I am a New York City-based psychodynamic therapist who can help and support you through life's challenges. I believe that the client-therapist relationship is a critical bond and an essential part of the healing process. I create a safe, warm, and judgment-free space to share your thoughts and feelings and be your whole self.
I am a New York City-based psychodynamic therapist who can help and support you through life's challenges. I believe that the client-therapist relationship is a critical bond and an essential part of the healing process. I create a safe, warm, and judgment-free space to share your thoughts and feelings and be your whole self.
(332) 208-9930 View (332) 208-9930
Photo of N'Jeri K Mitchell, PhD, Psychologist
N'Jeri K Mitchell
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11238  (Online Only)
I am often described as a warm, empathic person who creates a comfortable, supportive, and safe therapeutic environment. Unlike the distant, silent psychoanalyst stereotype, I am a real person in the room. I respond to what you tell me, ask questions, and will even share a laugh with you. My approach is based on the premise that relationships are essential in shaping who we are as people and how we experience the world.
I am often described as a warm, empathic person who creates a comfortable, supportive, and safe therapeutic environment. Unlike the distant, silent psychoanalyst stereotype, I am a real person in the room. I respond to what you tell me, ask questions, and will even share a laugh with you. My approach is based on the premise that relationships are essential in shaping who we are as people and how we experience the world.
(718) 395-1523 View (718) 395-1523
Photo of Katelyn Zmigrodski, PsyD, Psychologist
Katelyn Zmigrodski
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
My path to becoming a psychologist emerged through my own therapy journey where I learned what Maya Angelou captures so gracefully: “History, despite its wrenching pain, cannot be unlived, but if faced with courage, need not be lived again.” These words resonate with my story and those of many who seek therapy. Working through our narratives of the past so we are free to reshape the way we perceive ourselves, other people, and the world is transformative. In therapy, it becomes possible to liberate yourself by seeing the present clearly moment clearly, unshrouded by the fog of the past, thereby allowing for a more fulfilling future.
My path to becoming a psychologist emerged through my own therapy journey where I learned what Maya Angelou captures so gracefully: “History, despite its wrenching pain, cannot be unlived, but if faced with courage, need not be lived again.” These words resonate with my story and those of many who seek therapy. Working through our narratives of the past so we are free to reshape the way we perceive ourselves, other people, and the world is transformative. In therapy, it becomes possible to liberate yourself by seeing the present clearly moment clearly, unshrouded by the fog of the past, thereby allowing for a more fulfilling future.
(929) 810-1450 View (929) 810-1450
Photo of Cristen Van Vleet, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cristen Van Vleet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11225  (Online Only)
Taking the first step into therapy can seem like a herculean effort. We all have the capacity for change, but life can distract us from knowing our true selves. I will create a space where you can feel seen and heard, where there are no wrong questions. Together, we will navigate the obstacles through a foundation of trust, transparency and maybe even some humor. I am comfortable with the uncomfortable and am deeply committed to creating a space where clients can show up as their most authentic selves. I believe that therapy is a collaboration between two humans, and that goodness-of-fit is crucial to a healthy relationship.
Taking the first step into therapy can seem like a herculean effort. We all have the capacity for change, but life can distract us from knowing our true selves. I will create a space where you can feel seen and heard, where there are no wrong questions. Together, we will navigate the obstacles through a foundation of trust, transparency and maybe even some humor. I am comfortable with the uncomfortable and am deeply committed to creating a space where clients can show up as their most authentic selves. I believe that therapy is a collaboration between two humans, and that goodness-of-fit is crucial to a healthy relationship.
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Photo of Hilary Roy, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Hilary Roy
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
Real inner change begins with a conversation with a compassionate, caring other. In connection there is growth. As a relational therapist I listen attentively without agenda or judgment, with the goal of helping you understand yourself and your life story better. Whether your roadblocks are connected to your internal world of thoughts and feelings or external system of relationships, career and family, I am committed to understanding you in terms of your own experience. For over 15 years, I have helped children, adolescents, adults and families experience life with a greater sense of personal agency, ease, clarity and choice.
Real inner change begins with a conversation with a compassionate, caring other. In connection there is growth. As a relational therapist I listen attentively without agenda or judgment, with the goal of helping you understand yourself and your life story better. Whether your roadblocks are connected to your internal world of thoughts and feelings or external system of relationships, career and family, I am committed to understanding you in terms of your own experience. For over 15 years, I have helped children, adolescents, adults and families experience life with a greater sense of personal agency, ease, clarity and choice.
(646) 681-5836 View (646) 681-5836
Photo of Mike Rosen, MS Ed, RYT, WFR, Pre-Licensed Professional
Mike Rosen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS Ed, RYT, WFR
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11238
Why were we taught calculus but never taught how to handle grief, deal with anxiety, create healthy relationships, or have fantastic sex? Why do we fall into the same traps we fell into yesterday, and go back to the same behaviors and substances that harm us? My sessions are interactive and direct, so you can develop the tools you need to get out of painful cycles and put yourself in the driver's seat of your life. My primary expertise areas are rebuilding trust and eroticism in relationships and men's mental health. I also have years of experience working with queer issues, kink, trauma, veterans, anxiety, grief and addiction.
Why were we taught calculus but never taught how to handle grief, deal with anxiety, create healthy relationships, or have fantastic sex? Why do we fall into the same traps we fell into yesterday, and go back to the same behaviors and substances that harm us? My sessions are interactive and direct, so you can develop the tools you need to get out of painful cycles and put yourself in the driver's seat of your life. My primary expertise areas are rebuilding trust and eroticism in relationships and men's mental health. I also have years of experience working with queer issues, kink, trauma, veterans, anxiety, grief and addiction.
(518) 765-1107 View (518) 765-1107
Photo of Dr. Lara DiCarlo, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Lara DiCarlo
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am Dr. Lara DiCarlo, a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (NY and FL). I have prioritized working with marginalized communities over the past decade as a therapist. People most often come to me for concerns with anxiety, chronic illness, depression, identity, life transitions, perinatal period, and relationships (attachment, family, peer, romantic, sexual). I primarily offer individual therapy and have a specialization in working with young adults. My approach is warm, engaging, empowering, and collaborative. I also offer appointments for gender affirming letters and personality/psychopathology assessment.
I am Dr. Lara DiCarlo, a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (NY and FL). I have prioritized working with marginalized communities over the past decade as a therapist. People most often come to me for concerns with anxiety, chronic illness, depression, identity, life transitions, perinatal period, and relationships (attachment, family, peer, romantic, sexual). I primarily offer individual therapy and have a specialization in working with young adults. My approach is warm, engaging, empowering, and collaborative. I also offer appointments for gender affirming letters and personality/psychopathology assessment.
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Photo of Rachel Woelfel, MPS, CAT-LP, ATR-P, Pre-Licensed Professional
Rachel Woelfel
Pre-Licensed Professional, MPS, CAT-LP, ATR-P
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11222  (Online Only)
Rachel has experience working with children and adults experiencing anxiety, isolation, depression, and life transitions. She also has experience working with children on the Autism Spectrum and incorporating a Sensory-Based approach during sessions. She has supported clients in cultivating coping skills and self-confidence through self- expression, art-making, and group therapy sessions.
Rachel has experience working with children and adults experiencing anxiety, isolation, depression, and life transitions. She also has experience working with children on the Autism Spectrum and incorporating a Sensory-Based approach during sessions. She has supported clients in cultivating coping skills and self-confidence through self- expression, art-making, and group therapy sessions.
(646) 718-6607 View (646) 718-6607
Photo of Erica Della Jacono, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica Della Jacono
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11201  (Online Only)
I have a wide range of experiences working with folks with many different challenges. Primarily I focus on family/relationship dynamics, anxiety disorders, substance use, PTSD and trauma related concerns. I use a non-judgemental, open minded approach in collaboration with therapy-seekers.
I have a wide range of experiences working with folks with many different challenges. Primarily I focus on family/relationship dynamics, anxiety disorders, substance use, PTSD and trauma related concerns. I use a non-judgemental, open minded approach in collaboration with therapy-seekers.
(929) 305-1448 View (929) 305-1448
Photo of David Sitt, PsyD, Psychologist
David Sitt
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11230
Welcome! I'm Dr. David Sitt, a dedicated psychologist, professor, and best-selling author passionate about your personal growth. As a co-founder of Elevate Psychology, I am committed to providing exceptional mental health care. Specializing in adult ADHD, anxiety, and mood disorders, I believe in the human capacity for change and work best with clients who are ready to embrace their mental health journey. My approach combines Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and positive psychology techniques to guide you to insight and clarity, empowering you to become your own therapist and fostering independence and resilience.
Welcome! I'm Dr. David Sitt, a dedicated psychologist, professor, and best-selling author passionate about your personal growth. As a co-founder of Elevate Psychology, I am committed to providing exceptional mental health care. Specializing in adult ADHD, anxiety, and mood disorders, I believe in the human capacity for change and work best with clients who are ready to embrace their mental health journey. My approach combines Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and positive psychology techniques to guide you to insight and clarity, empowering you to become your own therapist and fostering independence and resilience.
(646) 583-1410 View (646) 583-1410
Photo of Molly Lang, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Molly Lang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11249
People have an inherent capacity for growth and healing, however, there are times when we may become stuck or stagnant. As a therapist, my role is to facilitate a person’s natural trend toward development, building upon strengths and resolving internal or external obstacles to living a healthy and fulfilling life. In my work, I aim to create a supportive and accepting environment, tailored to the needs of each client. Understanding that the individual is the expert of their experience, I will take my cues from you in terms of how we work through your specific difficulties together.
People have an inherent capacity for growth and healing, however, there are times when we may become stuck or stagnant. As a therapist, my role is to facilitate a person’s natural trend toward development, building upon strengths and resolving internal or external obstacles to living a healthy and fulfilling life. In my work, I aim to create a supportive and accepting environment, tailored to the needs of each client. Understanding that the individual is the expert of their experience, I will take my cues from you in terms of how we work through your specific difficulties together.
(646) 798-3988 View (646) 798-3988
Photo of Jenna Felice Smith, MA, LCAT, MT-BC
Jenna Felice Smith
Creative Arts Therapist, MA, LCAT, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11222  (Online Only)
Taking the first step in starting your healing journey is heroic. Often times we get to a point in our lives, whether it be due to traumatic events or long lasting feelings of depression or anxiety - where we need more support. Within the environment of a safe, compassionate therapeutic relationship, we can explore unresolved parts of ourselves, become more connected to ourselves and the world around us, and start to feel better quickly.
Taking the first step in starting your healing journey is heroic. Often times we get to a point in our lives, whether it be due to traumatic events or long lasting feelings of depression or anxiety - where we need more support. Within the environment of a safe, compassionate therapeutic relationship, we can explore unresolved parts of ourselves, become more connected to ourselves and the world around us, and start to feel better quickly.
(718) 841-0514 View (718) 841-0514
Photo of Shula Melamed - Shula Melamed MA MPH, MA, MPH, NBC HWC
Shula Melamed MA MPH
MA, MPH, NBC HWC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11231  (Online Only)
Hi my name is Shula Melamed I am a Relationship and Wellbeing Coach. My focus is on helping people build better relationships - with others and most importantly, themselves. Individuals and couples come to me when they are looking to not only improve their interactions with others but to also understand how and where they might be holding themselves back from living bigger and bolder lives. I have an MA in Psychology from The New School University and an MPH in Social Medical Sciences - Sexuality and Health from Columbia University. I have been working with individuals, couples and groups since 2013.
Hi my name is Shula Melamed I am a Relationship and Wellbeing Coach. My focus is on helping people build better relationships - with others and most importantly, themselves. Individuals and couples come to me when they are looking to not only improve their interactions with others but to also understand how and where they might be holding themselves back from living bigger and bolder lives. I have an MA in Psychology from The New School University and an MPH in Social Medical Sciences - Sexuality and Health from Columbia University. I have been working with individuals, couples and groups since 2013.
(929) 203-8383 View (929) 203-8383
Photo of Glenn M Smulyan, ATR-BC, LCAT, Art Therapist
Glenn M Smulyan
Art Therapist, ATR-BC, LCAT
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11218  (Online Only)
People come to therapy for a variety of different reasons. Some individuals embark on a therapeutic process with specific goals in mind or because they have recently been impacted by particularly challenging life events. Others may pursue therapy and specifically creative arts psychotherapy as an on-going process toward deeper self-knowledge, growth, and healing. I offer individuals and couples an approach that is holistic, client-centered, non-judgmental and creative through traditional talk therapy, creative arts infused therapy, and often a synthesis of the two.
People come to therapy for a variety of different reasons. Some individuals embark on a therapeutic process with specific goals in mind or because they have recently been impacted by particularly challenging life events. Others may pursue therapy and specifically creative arts psychotherapy as an on-going process toward deeper self-knowledge, growth, and healing. I offer individuals and couples an approach that is holistic, client-centered, non-judgmental and creative through traditional talk therapy, creative arts infused therapy, and often a synthesis of the two.
(646) 846-7693 View (646) 846-7693
Photo of Raymond Reichenberg, MS, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Raymond Reichenberg
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MS
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215
ANGER MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST. I have over 25 years of experience as a psychoanalytic psychotherapist with a specialty in anger management. I have worked with a variety of issues including, career, relationship, mood disorders, panic disorder, depression, anxiety, OCD, and PTSD. I have acquired Postgraduate certificates in individual psychoanalytic psychotherapy, rational-emotive behavioral therapy and group psychotherapy.
ANGER MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST. I have over 25 years of experience as a psychoanalytic psychotherapist with a specialty in anger management. I have worked with a variety of issues including, career, relationship, mood disorders, panic disorder, depression, anxiety, OCD, and PTSD. I have acquired Postgraduate certificates in individual psychoanalytic psychotherapy, rational-emotive behavioral therapy and group psychotherapy.
(917) 725-4189 View (917) 725-4189
Photo of Joseph Ramsey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joseph Ramsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11219  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Joseph Ramsey and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I have 23 years of experience in the field and 16 of those 23 years has been spent providing counseling services to families, individuals, and couples. My approach is collaborative and I firmly believe in honesty and transparency. My focus areas are anxiety, depression, problems related to anxiety and depression (i.e. obsessive compulsive disorder) and trauma. I am most comfortable treating anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, bipolar I and II, mood disorders, grief, complex trauma, and anger issues.
Hello, my name is Joseph Ramsey and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I have 23 years of experience in the field and 16 of those 23 years has been spent providing counseling services to families, individuals, and couples. My approach is collaborative and I firmly believe in honesty and transparency. My focus areas are anxiety, depression, problems related to anxiety and depression (i.e. obsessive compulsive disorder) and trauma. I am most comfortable treating anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, bipolar I and II, mood disorders, grief, complex trauma, and anger issues.
(646) 718-3080 View (646) 718-3080
Photo of Melissa Hallman, LMSW
Melissa Hallman
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11213  (Online Only)
My passion as a psychotherapist allows me to provide a safe space to explore past traumas, anxiety, depression, life transitions and life stressors. As seeking therapy is a courageous step, I offer therapeutic services to adults, children, couples, and families. I provide a compassionate, nonjudgemental and encouraging environment to effectively communicate stressors and get to the root of emotional patterns.
My passion as a psychotherapist allows me to provide a safe space to explore past traumas, anxiety, depression, life transitions and life stressors. As seeking therapy is a courageous step, I offer therapeutic services to adults, children, couples, and families. I provide a compassionate, nonjudgemental and encouraging environment to effectively communicate stressors and get to the root of emotional patterns.
(347) 573-9756 View (347) 573-9756
Photo of Hillary Glick, PhD, Psychologist
Hillary Glick
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11233
Trust and a sense of safety are necessary foundations for successful therapy. Yet they don't come automatically. They have to be built and earned over time. I respect the tremendous courage it takes to face up to deeply buried or avoided thoughts and feelings. I work best with people who take their therapy seriously and are curious about finding new ways of thinking about themselves and others in their lives. I use insight oriented therapies as well as mindfulness to help us stay in the moment. My approach is tailored individually to your needs. Recently I added EMDR and some IFS to my work.
Trust and a sense of safety are necessary foundations for successful therapy. Yet they don't come automatically. They have to be built and earned over time. I respect the tremendous courage it takes to face up to deeply buried or avoided thoughts and feelings. I work best with people who take their therapy seriously and are curious about finding new ways of thinking about themselves and others in their lives. I use insight oriented therapies as well as mindfulness to help us stay in the moment. My approach is tailored individually to your needs. Recently I added EMDR and some IFS to my work.
(646) 386-2213 View (646) 386-2213
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Brooklyn, NY who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
68% Cigna and Evernorth
63% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Brooklyn, NY see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Brooklyn?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.