Photo of Carmen Benitez, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carmen Benitez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
I have had the privilege to work with English and Spanish-speaking adult clients for the past 14 years to effectively help them overcome issues caused by depression, anxiety, grief/loss, trauma, self-esteem, and abuse.
My name is Carmen, I am originally from Colombia and have been living in the United States for over twenty years. I completed my master’s degree in professional counseling in the state of Georgia where I also hold an active license to practice professional counseling.
I have had the privilege to work with English and Spanish-speaking adult clients for the past 14 years to effectively help them overcome issues caused by depression, anxiety, grief/loss, trauma, self-esteem, and abuse.
My name is Carmen, I am originally from Colombia and have been living in the United States for over twenty years. I completed my master’s degree in professional counseling in the state of Georgia where I also hold an active license to practice professional counseling.
(706) 702-2638 View (706) 702-2638
Photo of Peg Griffith, MA, LCP, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Peg Griffith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCP, NCC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Jasper, GA 30143
Together, we process depression, infidelity, unresolved family of origin issues, job loss, grief, divorce, aging, long-term illness, parenting issues and other life stresses.
Are you repeating the same behaviors over and over and getting the same unhappy results? Are you having relationship problems or trust issues? Do you have unresolved family history or trauma? Are you depressed or anxious? Therapy produces change, healing and growth. Healing occurs from the inside out. Together, we will find the answers you seek to find new ways of approaching your life and relationships. All people desire and can achieve a healthy life. The key is to find what is stopping you from achieving it, and removing those blockages.
Together, we process depression, infidelity, unresolved family of origin issues, job loss, grief, divorce, aging, long-term illness, parenting issues and other life stresses.
Are you repeating the same behaviors over and over and getting the same unhappy results? Are you having relationship problems or trust issues? Do you have unresolved family history or trauma? Are you depressed or anxious? Therapy produces change, healing and growth. Healing occurs from the inside out. Together, we will find the answers you seek to find new ways of approaching your life and relationships. All people desire and can achieve a healthy life. The key is to find what is stopping you from achieving it, and removing those blockages.
(678) 389-7193 View (678) 389-7193
Photo of Scarlet Graham, MA, CMHC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Scarlet Graham
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, CMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
Are you struggling with anxiety or depression? Are you adjusting to a new occupation, move, marriage or divorce? I am honored to walk with you and aid you on or towards your path of personal growth. If you want to develop coping skills for dealing with life's changes and challenges or are someone who wants to go deep to uncover blocks that are keeping you from achieving the happiness you deserve, I am here to walk beside you to meet your goals. I offer Integrative, creative and evidence-based therapy modalities. Psychotherapy can help you lower anxiety and depression and help you achieve your best self.
Are you struggling with anxiety or depression? Are you adjusting to a new occupation, move, marriage or divorce? I am honored to walk with you and aid you on or towards your path of personal growth. If you want to develop coping skills for dealing with life's changes and challenges or are someone who wants to go deep to uncover blocks that are keeping you from achieving the happiness you deserve, I am here to walk beside you to meet your goals. I offer Integrative, creative and evidence-based therapy modalities. Psychotherapy can help you lower anxiety and depression and help you achieve your best self.
(503) 386-5424 View (503) 386-5424
Photo of Regina Sewell, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Regina Sewell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
Regina Sewell MA LPC (Georgia License LPC013152) As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am dedicated to helping individuals tap into their true potential and overcome the obstacles that prevent them from living fulfilling lives. I encourage clients to explore their deepest emotions, thoughts, and aspirations to uncover the root causes of dissatisfaction and work toward healing and personal growth. My focus areas include anxiety, depression, life transitions, trauma, low self-esteem, and anger management.
Regina Sewell MA LPC (Georgia License LPC013152) As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am dedicated to helping individuals tap into their true potential and overcome the obstacles that prevent them from living fulfilling lives. I encourage clients to explore their deepest emotions, thoughts, and aspirations to uncover the root causes of dissatisfaction and work toward healing and personal growth. My focus areas include anxiety, depression, life transitions, trauma, low self-esteem, and anger management.
(404) 692-4287 View (404) 692-4287
Photo of Kim M McMillan, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kim M McMillan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jasper, GA 30143
I have concentrated my work on the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, depression, and anxiety; however, I have a broad range of experience and can discuss with you your goals to assess for "fit".
Congratulations! You have made the first step in your search for hope, healing, and finding a safe place to work through life's challenges. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and enjoy working with adults who are struggling with mood swings, depression, anxiety, or other problems that are getting in the way of your quality of life and desired goals.
I have concentrated my work on the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, depression, and anxiety; however, I have a broad range of experience and can discuss with you your goals to assess for "fit".
Congratulations! You have made the first step in your search for hope, healing, and finding a safe place to work through life's challenges. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and enjoy working with adults who are struggling with mood swings, depression, anxiety, or other problems that are getting in the way of your quality of life and desired goals.
(404) 620-2258 View (404) 620-2258
Photo of Barbara D Carlin, MA, LPC, NCC, RYT 200, Licensed Professional Counselor
Barbara D Carlin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, RYT 200
Verified Verified
Big Canoe, GA 30143  (Online Only)
Barbara takes satisfaction in working with adults on a number of issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/loss, trauma, Everyone experiences difficulties and stress in life. Whether it is personal problems, relational issues, family or work situations, or chronic illness - professional, competent counseling can help. Barbara is excited to help clients experience effective change in their situations and relationships and to facilitate personal healing and growth. Through the therapuetic process, individuals become equipped to draw from their personal, spiritual, and social resources, as they encounter life's challenges.
Barbara takes satisfaction in working with adults on a number of issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/loss, trauma, Everyone experiences difficulties and stress in life. Whether it is personal problems, relational issues, family or work situations, or chronic illness - professional, competent counseling can help. Barbara is excited to help clients experience effective change in their situations and relationships and to facilitate personal healing and growth. Through the therapuetic process, individuals become equipped to draw from their personal, spiritual, and social resources, as they encounter life's challenges.
(678) 671-3522 View (678) 671-3522
Photo of Hannah M Bell, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hannah M Bell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
Waitlist for new clients
I have experience working with clients who struggle with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, stress, addiction, family issues, marital problems, women's issues, working with children, teen, couples and families. Life continues to change around us and as this happens an individual can begin to experience problems with their ability to cope. I will work with you to help navigate any life changes and improving ones abilities to cope. You may be looking for support or someone to provide a nonjudgemental view to help navigate life circumstances.
I have experience working with clients who struggle with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, stress, addiction, family issues, marital problems, women's issues, working with children, teen, couples and families. Life continues to change around us and as this happens an individual can begin to experience problems with their ability to cope. I will work with you to help navigate any life changes and improving ones abilities to cope. You may be looking for support or someone to provide a nonjudgemental view to help navigate life circumstances.
(706) 809-5162 View (706) 809-5162
Photo of Carmen H Benitez, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carmen H Benitez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
I help adult clients find balance when facing depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, self-destructive behaviors, and abuse.
I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Georgia with 14 years of experience treating adults of all backgrounds. I strive to create an environment where you could feel safe and encouraged to improve in all the aspects of life that you need to move ahead with. I am here as a trusted partner that you can be genuine with and feel empowered to grow.
I help adult clients find balance when facing depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, self-destructive behaviors, and abuse.
I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Georgia with 14 years of experience treating adults of all backgrounds. I strive to create an environment where you could feel safe and encouraged to improve in all the aspects of life that you need to move ahead with. I am here as a trusted partner that you can be genuine with and feel empowered to grow.
(678) 730-8400 View (678) 730-8400
Photo of Barbara Phillips, LPC, Counselor
Barbara Phillips
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Talking Rock, GA 30175
Hello. My name is Barbara Phillips, and I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Georgia. I have 23 years of experience working in the mental health field. My experience includes treating clients who need help with anxiety, depression. stress management, anger management, grief management, and self-esteem. issue. I work with adults 18 years old to 90 years old. The conditions I feel comfortable treating include anxiety, depression, stress management, anger management, grief, and self-esteem issues.
Hello. My name is Barbara Phillips, and I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Georgia. I have 23 years of experience working in the mental health field. My experience includes treating clients who need help with anxiety, depression. stress management, anger management, grief management, and self-esteem. issue. I work with adults 18 years old to 90 years old. The conditions I feel comfortable treating include anxiety, depression, stress management, anger management, grief, and self-esteem issues.
(470) 466-3782 View (470) 466-3782
Photo of Natasha Dedijer-Turner, MEd, EdS, LPC, CMHC, CPCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Natasha Dedijer-Turner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, EdS, LPC, CMHC, CPCS
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
Whether you're battling anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, or struggling with relationships, I believe that you are the ultimate authority on your own life.
Are you feeling like life is just one big uphill battle? Do you find yourself struggling to keep up with your partner or kids? Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or just plain blue? Don't let adulting drain the happiness out of your days. It's time to take control of your life and find your true voice! With the right help and support, you can live your best life and conquer any obstacle that comes your way. The stakes are high. And you’re not alone. No matter what you are experiencing, we can work together toward your happier, healthier future.
Whether you're battling anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, or struggling with relationships, I believe that you are the ultimate authority on your own life.
Are you feeling like life is just one big uphill battle? Do you find yourself struggling to keep up with your partner or kids? Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or just plain blue? Don't let adulting drain the happiness out of your days. It's time to take control of your life and find your true voice! With the right help and support, you can live your best life and conquer any obstacle that comes your way. The stakes are high. And you’re not alone. No matter what you are experiencing, we can work together toward your happier, healthier future.
(678) 866-1973 View (678) 866-1973
Photo of Linda Starling Lewis, PhD, Psychologist
Linda Starling Lewis
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
Are you stressed and overwhelmed by your health, your day-to-day life, or your relationships? Life can be difficult for each of us at some point in time, in ways unique to our own circumstance. My goal is to help adults through the tough chapters, moving into better chapters with additional tools to handle challenges and stresses. I don't view people as being broken or needing fixing. We all need someone with whom to sort things through who isn't part of our day-to-day mix. Leave (FMLA) or disability forms cannot be completed for clients who have not been in therapy 12 weeks. For more information, go to the website via the link.
Are you stressed and overwhelmed by your health, your day-to-day life, or your relationships? Life can be difficult for each of us at some point in time, in ways unique to our own circumstance. My goal is to help adults through the tough chapters, moving into better chapters with additional tools to handle challenges and stresses. I don't view people as being broken or needing fixing. We all need someone with whom to sort things through who isn't part of our day-to-day mix. Leave (FMLA) or disability forms cannot be completed for clients who have not been in therapy 12 weeks. For more information, go to the website via the link.
(706) 584-2728 View (706) 584-2728
Photo of Atura Jordan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Atura Jordan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
Waitlist for new clients
Distressing or traumatic events can leave both children and adults with long lasting images of the worst possible parts of that experience. Our mind remembers how we felt and what we believe about ourselves as a result. Our bodies often store these memories in symptoms that linger long after the event. We want the distress to go away. We want the event to be just another memory with no power over us. We want to believe something better about ourselves and our world. We want to heal.
Distressing or traumatic events can leave both children and adults with long lasting images of the worst possible parts of that experience. Our mind remembers how we felt and what we believe about ourselves as a result. Our bodies often store these memories in symptoms that linger long after the event. We want the distress to go away. We want the event to be just another memory with no power over us. We want to believe something better about ourselves and our world. We want to heal.
(706) 960-8165 View (706) 960-8165
Photo of Lisa Broussard, LCSW, CCTP, EMDR-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa Broussard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, EMDR-C
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
I have worked with children and families since 1995. I have been providing therapeutic services since 2018. I work with and support children, teens, adults, and families. I help individuals and families who have experienced trauma and their lives are impacted by the symptoms and struggles due to the traumatic event(s). I utilize strategies that are research and results-based for an effective and efficient treatment process. Some of the therapeutic strategies used are EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), Synergetic and play therapy strategies, sand play, body-based therapies, mindfulness, and trauma-informed yoga.
I have worked with children and families since 1995. I have been providing therapeutic services since 2018. I work with and support children, teens, adults, and families. I help individuals and families who have experienced trauma and their lives are impacted by the symptoms and struggles due to the traumatic event(s). I utilize strategies that are research and results-based for an effective and efficient treatment process. Some of the therapeutic strategies used are EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), Synergetic and play therapy strategies, sand play, body-based therapies, mindfulness, and trauma-informed yoga.
(706) 810-9450 View (706) 810-9450
Photo of Cindy Michael Patten, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cindy Michael Patten
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Marble Hill, GA 30148
We all need a little help now and then. Whether you are experiencing negative life experiences, have long term issues or needing relational help, I would be honored to help. I am a seasoned psychotherapist spending my life looking for and experiencing traditional and alternative methods to heal emotional suffering. Most of my work has been with combat, complex, childhood and single episode trauma. I am well versed in grief recovery, family dynamics, healthy parenting and coping strategies for long term recovery. I work with people of all ages in individual, group family and weekend retreat sessions.
We all need a little help now and then. Whether you are experiencing negative life experiences, have long term issues or needing relational help, I would be honored to help. I am a seasoned psychotherapist spending my life looking for and experiencing traditional and alternative methods to heal emotional suffering. Most of my work has been with combat, complex, childhood and single episode trauma. I am well versed in grief recovery, family dynamics, healthy parenting and coping strategies for long term recovery. I work with people of all ages in individual, group family and weekend retreat sessions.
(762) 225-9949 View (762) 225-9949
Photo of April L Coley, MS, LPC, LPCS-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
April L Coley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LPCS-C
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the states of SC, GA, and NJ. I am also a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor Candidate in SC. I earned my Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Charleston Southern University and a Master's degree in Human Services, specializing in Mental Health Counseling, from Capella University. I bring to you over fourteen years of experience in the mental health field, which has been a beautiful journey. With years of experience, I specialize in trauma and work with dual-diagnosed clients ranging from children to geriatrics.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the states of SC, GA, and NJ. I am also a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor Candidate in SC. I earned my Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Charleston Southern University and a Master's degree in Human Services, specializing in Mental Health Counseling, from Capella University. I bring to you over fourteen years of experience in the mental health field, which has been a beautiful journey. With years of experience, I specialize in trauma and work with dual-diagnosed clients ranging from children to geriatrics.
(678) 392-2658 View (678) 392-2658
Photo of Jessica Benenati, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Benenati
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
Therapy provides a caring environment in which you can identify & explore those issues that may be getting in the way of a more rewarding home life & career, or of more fulfilling relationships. Whether you're struggling with a particular issue, or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, I can help. My goal is to help provide you with the insights & tools you need to move beyond old, limiting beliefs & behaviors & towards the life you dream of having.
Therapy provides a caring environment in which you can identify & explore those issues that may be getting in the way of a more rewarding home life & career, or of more fulfilling relationships. Whether you're struggling with a particular issue, or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, I can help. My goal is to help provide you with the insights & tools you need to move beyond old, limiting beliefs & behaviors & towards the life you dream of having.
(678) 792-3182 View (678) 792-3182
Photo of Amber Hammontree, LPC, NCC, CPCS, CCM, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amber Hammontree
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CPCS, CCM
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jasper, GA 30143  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm so glad you're considering taking this brave step towards your well-being. Choosing a therapist is a deeply personal decision, and finding someone who truly understands and can support you during your journey is crucial. As a dedicated therapist and counseling supervisor, I'm here to offer you a supportive and empowering path toward healing and growth. My approach is all about compassion, authenticity, and working together. I believe in creating a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can freely explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences.
Welcome! I'm so glad you're considering taking this brave step towards your well-being. Choosing a therapist is a deeply personal decision, and finding someone who truly understands and can support you during your journey is crucial. As a dedicated therapist and counseling supervisor, I'm here to offer you a supportive and empowering path toward healing and growth. My approach is all about compassion, authenticity, and working together. I believe in creating a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can freely explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences.
(404) 436-1037 View (404) 436-1037
Photo of Tess Havash, LAPC, NCC, MA, Counselor
Tess Havash
Counselor, LAPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jasper, GA 30143
It can be difficult to be human at times. Life can be full of so many losses and challenges, and with busy and demanding schedules, it may not feel like there's any time to process what you’ve gone through. Maybe you’ve found yourself masking and suppressing your real feelings, and as a result, you don’t feel as connected and fulfilled with yourself and your world. In our work together, you're free to explore your emotions and seek deeper insight into who you are. I prefer to think of my role as that of a lantern, bringing to light aspects that you may not have realized and that may be limiting you from leading the life you desire.
It can be difficult to be human at times. Life can be full of so many losses and challenges, and with busy and demanding schedules, it may not feel like there's any time to process what you’ve gone through. Maybe you’ve found yourself masking and suppressing your real feelings, and as a result, you don’t feel as connected and fulfilled with yourself and your world. In our work together, you're free to explore your emotions and seek deeper insight into who you are. I prefer to think of my role as that of a lantern, bringing to light aspects that you may not have realized and that may be limiting you from leading the life you desire.
(404) 689-9056 View (404) 689-9056
Photo of Rachel Raven, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Raven
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
Hello, my name is Rachel Raven and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I graduated with my Bachelor’s in Sociology from the University of Georgia in 2011 and received my Master’s in Social Work from Kennesaw State University in 2016. I have had diverse experience including hospital case management, child/adolescent grief counseling, group work with Cirque du Monde (a circus outreach program for at-risk youth), and domestic violence survivor support. Additionally, I volunteer annually at Give Kids the World Village in Orlando, which is an accessible resort for Make-A-Wish children and their families.
Hello, my name is Rachel Raven and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I graduated with my Bachelor’s in Sociology from the University of Georgia in 2011 and received my Master’s in Social Work from Kennesaw State University in 2016. I have had diverse experience including hospital case management, child/adolescent grief counseling, group work with Cirque du Monde (a circus outreach program for at-risk youth), and domestic violence survivor support. Additionally, I volunteer annually at Give Kids the World Village in Orlando, which is an accessible resort for Make-A-Wish children and their families.
(678) 737-4385 View (678) 737-4385
Photo of Brittany L O'Bryant, MS, LPC, NCC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brittany L O'Bryant
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, RPT
Verified Verified
Jasper, GA 30143
PHC will be accepting new clients on May 7, 2023 with a Clinical Intern. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for working with individuals that have been impacted by childhood trauma. I am a Registered Play Therapist and am AUT-Play Certified. These techniques allow me to work with children in the most developmentally appropriate ways. I have additional training in treatment modalities for treating trauma in teens and adults. These tools will allow me assist people in getting back to a place that feels safe, happy, and loving. www.playfulheartscounseling.com
PHC will be accepting new clients on May 7, 2023 with a Clinical Intern. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for working with individuals that have been impacted by childhood trauma. I am a Registered Play Therapist and am AUT-Play Certified. These techniques allow me to work with children in the most developmentally appropriate ways. I have additional training in treatment modalities for treating trauma in teens and adults. These tools will allow me assist people in getting back to a place that feels safe, happy, and loving. www.playfulheartscounseling.com
(404) 905-1661 View (404) 905-1661
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See more therapy options for Pickens County

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.