Therapists in Loop, Chicago, IL

Photo of Ruchi Ray, MA, NCC, LCPC, Counselor
Ruchi Ray
Counselor, MA, NCC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
It is crucial for us to have the courage and motivation to break our own unhealthy cycles and gain insight into our potentials. You deserve a respectful and individualized approach to therapy, and I am committed to helping you create and maintain healthy changes in your life. I am an empathic and supportive therapist who will also be direct and challenge you to move forward to reach your goals. With over seven years of clinical experience, I work with you so you can become your best advocate, strengthen your will to run against self-sabotaging thoughts and behaviors, and find/maintain relationships that will nurture your inner self.
It is crucial for us to have the courage and motivation to break our own unhealthy cycles and gain insight into our potentials. You deserve a respectful and individualized approach to therapy, and I am committed to helping you create and maintain healthy changes in your life. I am an empathic and supportive therapist who will also be direct and challenge you to move forward to reach your goals. With over seven years of clinical experience, I work with you so you can become your best advocate, strengthen your will to run against self-sabotaging thoughts and behaviors, and find/maintain relationships that will nurture your inner self.
(872) 241-2695 View (872) 241-2695
Photo of Sara Richmond, Pre-Licensed Professional
Sara Richmond
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60604
Not accepting new clients
Curiosity leads my work. With my clients, I seek to co-create a space to explore their joys and struggles. My clinical interests include sexuality and gender identity development, self-worth expansion, mending relationships with others and with ourselves, understanding anxiety, depression, and personal values. Serving both teens and adults, I come from a person-centered, strength-based and existential framework.  I practice queer, kink, and poly affirming counseling.
Curiosity leads my work. With my clients, I seek to co-create a space to explore their joys and struggles. My clinical interests include sexuality and gender identity development, self-worth expansion, mending relationships with others and with ourselves, understanding anxiety, depression, and personal values. Serving both teens and adults, I come from a person-centered, strength-based and existential framework.  I practice queer, kink, and poly affirming counseling.
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Photo of Darrick J Williams, LPC, NCC, CMHC, BSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Darrick J Williams
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, NCC, CMHC, BSW
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60605
I've been privileged to serve individuals and the community for over 10 years through case management, advocacy, and clinical mental health counseling. The opportunity to learn through education, professional development and supervision has provided me with a foundation of measurable, ethical and holistic frameworks to serve. My framework starts with my ability to provide therapeutic interventions such as Client-Centered Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy and more!
I've been privileged to serve individuals and the community for over 10 years through case management, advocacy, and clinical mental health counseling. The opportunity to learn through education, professional development and supervision has provided me with a foundation of measurable, ethical and holistic frameworks to serve. My framework starts with my ability to provide therapeutic interventions such as Client-Centered Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy and more!
(708) 729-5510 View (708) 729-5510
Photo of Natalia Maltsev, MD, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Natalia Maltsev
Licensed Professional Counselor, MD, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60605
I became a psychotherapist late in life, bringing to our sessions a rich tapestry of real-life experiences and a solid foundation in biomedical sciences, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis. I know firsthand that there are moments when we realize something in our world isn't quite right. Relationship difficulties, emotional traumas, grief, and a lack of motivation can make us question our ability to cope with reality. We can work together on navigating the intricacies of your life with the help of trauma-informed, attachment-oriented, depth psychology, and psychoanalytic approaches.
I became a psychotherapist late in life, bringing to our sessions a rich tapestry of real-life experiences and a solid foundation in biomedical sciences, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis. I know firsthand that there are moments when we realize something in our world isn't quite right. Relationship difficulties, emotional traumas, grief, and a lack of motivation can make us question our ability to cope with reality. We can work together on navigating the intricacies of your life with the help of trauma-informed, attachment-oriented, depth psychology, and psychoanalytic approaches.
(872) 273-5110 View (872) 273-5110
Photo of Lauren Daniels, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Daniels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals, couples and families navigating anxiety, depression, life-stage transitions, relationship challenges and parenting challenges as well as clients navigating complex medical conditions and those experiencing grief and loss. I have experience supporting clients living with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, bipolar disorder and personality disorders. My particular areas of interest are supporting people in high compassion fatigue careers. I enjoy working with couples on a range of topics from communication, pregnancy and/or parenting as well as those in polyamorous and non-monogamous relationships.
I work with individuals, couples and families navigating anxiety, depression, life-stage transitions, relationship challenges and parenting challenges as well as clients navigating complex medical conditions and those experiencing grief and loss. I have experience supporting clients living with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, bipolar disorder and personality disorders. My particular areas of interest are supporting people in high compassion fatigue careers. I enjoy working with couples on a range of topics from communication, pregnancy and/or parenting as well as those in polyamorous and non-monogamous relationships.
(773) 207-5332 View (773) 207-5332
Photo of Robert Méndez, LCPC, Counselor
Robert Méndez
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60602
I specialize in helping people suffering with anxiety, depression, PTSD and trauma, and difficulties with self-confidence. Our work together will begin by getting to know one another and building a strong foundation for our work together. I am a warm, compassionate, and patient person and strive to utilize these traits to help others grow and know themselves on a deeper level. I believe the relationship between therapist and patient is the driving force in creating significant and long-lasting change. We will examine the various identities that you hold and the impact they have on you as an individual and your relationships.
I specialize in helping people suffering with anxiety, depression, PTSD and trauma, and difficulties with self-confidence. Our work together will begin by getting to know one another and building a strong foundation for our work together. I am a warm, compassionate, and patient person and strive to utilize these traits to help others grow and know themselves on a deeper level. I believe the relationship between therapist and patient is the driving force in creating significant and long-lasting change. We will examine the various identities that you hold and the impact they have on you as an individual and your relationships.
(872) 267-9737 View (872) 267-9737
Photo of Bazz ( Sarah) Bazzetta, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bazz ( Sarah) Bazzetta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60605  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
“Kindness eases change, Love quiets fear” ― Octavia E. Butler. My experience as a youth worker and community organizer has inspired me to become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I view my role as working in collaboration alongside you on your healing journey. As a queer and non binary therapist, I believe in creating a space where you can be your full and authentic self.
“Kindness eases change, Love quiets fear” ― Octavia E. Butler. My experience as a youth worker and community organizer has inspired me to become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I view my role as working in collaboration alongside you on your healing journey. As a queer and non binary therapist, I believe in creating a space where you can be your full and authentic self.
(708) 809-8357 View (708) 809-8357
Photo of Katherine Sheppard Carrane, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Sheppard Carrane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have been in the field of clinical social work for over 30 years. I work with clients to establish the issues they want to address in therapy, the goals they have for themselves and the pathways to getting there. Collaboration and respect are at the forefront of my work with clients.
I have been in the field of clinical social work for over 30 years. I work with clients to establish the issues they want to address in therapy, the goals they have for themselves and the pathways to getting there. Collaboration and respect are at the forefront of my work with clients.
(312) 516-2315 View (312) 516-2315
Photo of Kaitlin Grant McGirr, MSMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Kaitlin Grant McGirr
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MSMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60647
It's challenging to deal with changes in your life, finding your identity, and managing relationships no matter what, but it's extra challenging if you don't take the "traditional" route. As a queer individual, I know the challenge myself. Whether you want to explore your gender or sexuality, receive support throughout a major transition, work through relational difficulties, heal from trauma, or simply expand your feeling of self-love, I can help. I work with folx of all ages to heal from personal and systemic traumas, through the means of deconstructing old narratives and building new meanings of the events in your life.
It's challenging to deal with changes in your life, finding your identity, and managing relationships no matter what, but it's extra challenging if you don't take the "traditional" route. As a queer individual, I know the challenge myself. Whether you want to explore your gender or sexuality, receive support throughout a major transition, work through relational difficulties, heal from trauma, or simply expand your feeling of self-love, I can help. I work with folx of all ages to heal from personal and systemic traumas, through the means of deconstructing old narratives and building new meanings of the events in your life.
(773) 537-4650 View (773) 537-4650
Photo of Rhonda N Goldman, PhD, Psychologist
Rhonda N Goldman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60603
Having practiced psychotherapy and counseling for the past 20 years, I work to form an empathic relationship with clients and form a collaborative understanding of the difficulties that brought them to therapy, and how to best solve them. The goal is to find more satisfying relationships and fulfilling ways of being in the world. I work primarily from an Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) framework, although I have been trained in a variety of different psychotherapeutic methods. EFT is an empirically-supported approach that is flexible in that it allows the integration of other methods and techniques when necessary.
Having practiced psychotherapy and counseling for the past 20 years, I work to form an empathic relationship with clients and form a collaborative understanding of the difficulties that brought them to therapy, and how to best solve them. The goal is to find more satisfying relationships and fulfilling ways of being in the world. I work primarily from an Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) framework, although I have been trained in a variety of different psychotherapeutic methods. EFT is an empirically-supported approach that is flexible in that it allows the integration of other methods and techniques when necessary.
(773) 839-6685 x634 View (773) 839-6685 x634
Paula Cormalleth
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601
In my practice, I work with men and women, individuals and couples. I focus largely on the dynamics and the contexts in which people live, both in their current relationships and in the ones that helped to shape them. I help people through the transitions of their lives, through loss and "stuck" places, past the obstacles to achieving meaning in life and intimacy in relationships. I work in a cognitive/directive and very open personal style.
In my practice, I work with men and women, individuals and couples. I focus largely on the dynamics and the contexts in which people live, both in their current relationships and in the ones that helped to shape them. I help people through the transitions of their lives, through loss and "stuck" places, past the obstacles to achieving meaning in life and intimacy in relationships. I work in a cognitive/directive and very open personal style.
(847) 863-7697 View (847) 863-7697
Photo of Lana Friedman, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lana Friedman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601
I have over 20 years of experience working with people who suffer with addictions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues and issues of co-dependence. First, I think it is important to establish a connection. That connection is not one sided, but is something felt by both of us. Once connected, we can work together to understand the meaning behind your symptoms such as depression, loss of sleep, over eating,over spending, anger or feelings of worthlessness. What ever they are, your symptoms are alarms telling you that some thing is wrong in your life.
I have over 20 years of experience working with people who suffer with addictions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues and issues of co-dependence. First, I think it is important to establish a connection. That connection is not one sided, but is something felt by both of us. Once connected, we can work together to understand the meaning behind your symptoms such as depression, loss of sleep, over eating,over spending, anger or feelings of worthlessness. What ever they are, your symptoms are alarms telling you that some thing is wrong in your life.
(773) 663-4916 View (773) 663-4916
Photo of Demi Bandolik, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Demi Bandolik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Hello there! My name is Demi Bandolik and I received my masters degree from Loyola University Chicago and have been working in crisis services for the past 4 years. I am passionate about helping individuals find support when they are at their lowest point and have nowhere else to turn. Life is hard and sometimes we run out of options of people to talk to and I want to be that person for you. I've had the awesome opportunity to work with all populations including kids, adolescents, adults, and older adults. I am a problem solver and like to focus on what people need right now and how I can help them move forward from that.
Hello there! My name is Demi Bandolik and I received my masters degree from Loyola University Chicago and have been working in crisis services for the past 4 years. I am passionate about helping individuals find support when they are at their lowest point and have nowhere else to turn. Life is hard and sometimes we run out of options of people to talk to and I want to be that person for you. I've had the awesome opportunity to work with all populations including kids, adolescents, adults, and older adults. I am a problem solver and like to focus on what people need right now and how I can help them move forward from that.
(224) 344-8957 View (224) 344-8957
Photo of Suzanne McClure, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Suzanne McClure
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60602
I am interested in helping clients develop curiosity about themselves. With curiosity, we can create new ways of relating to ourselves. This is a tremendous capacity! I want to help the client feel empowered about therapy and have increased insight are some of my goals when working within a therapeutic framework. Clients who are motivated to work, because this is very hard work, and it takes investment of time, money and energy to heal.
I am interested in helping clients develop curiosity about themselves. With curiosity, we can create new ways of relating to ourselves. This is a tremendous capacity! I want to help the client feel empowered about therapy and have increased insight are some of my goals when working within a therapeutic framework. Clients who are motivated to work, because this is very hard work, and it takes investment of time, money and energy to heal.
(773) 672-3728 View (773) 672-3728
Photo of Sara Boyd, LCPC, MSEd, Counselor
Sara Boyd
Counselor, LCPC, MSEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60604
Finding a therapist can be really hard work, so I applaud you for looking at this page right now! I'm quirky and humorous and I'd love to help with whatever you're bringing to therapy. I specialize in OCD and anxiety, and enjoy working with all letters of the LGBT+ community. I strive to provide trans-affirming care. My goal is to give you a safe and nonjudgmental space to bring whatever you've got going on, help you make sense of it, and learn how to cope.
Finding a therapist can be really hard work, so I applaud you for looking at this page right now! I'm quirky and humorous and I'd love to help with whatever you're bringing to therapy. I specialize in OCD and anxiety, and enjoy working with all letters of the LGBT+ community. I strive to provide trans-affirming care. My goal is to give you a safe and nonjudgmental space to bring whatever you've got going on, help you make sense of it, and learn how to cope.
(630) 793-2705 View (630) 793-2705
Photo of Amanda Jue, MA, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Amanda Jue
Counselor, MA, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601
To schedule sessions, please book a call with Cira Center's Care Coordinator: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I have experience working with adult and young adult clients from historically marginalized backgrounds and have worked with a variety of client concerns including depression, anxiety, grief/loss, trauma, relationships, self-esteem, identity, and suicidality.
To schedule sessions, please book a call with Cira Center's Care Coordinator: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I have experience working with adult and young adult clients from historically marginalized backgrounds and have worked with a variety of client concerns including depression, anxiety, grief/loss, trauma, relationships, self-esteem, identity, and suicidality.
(312) 345-5148 x11 View (312) 345-5148 x11
Photo of Hannah Barbeau, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hannah Barbeau
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601
Hardship is part of our human experience. Suffering extends a painful, yet profound invitation to grow personally and deepen our connection to others. I join people on their brave journeys through pain because, at my core, I believe wounds can be healed and hope found. My therapeutic style may be described as relational and experiential. I’m known to be a warm, curious, and compassionate person who listens deeply. My clinical practice focuses on individual therapy with adults experiencing anxiety, grief, trauma, and relationship concerns. I have experience in community mental health and private practice settings.
Hardship is part of our human experience. Suffering extends a painful, yet profound invitation to grow personally and deepen our connection to others. I join people on their brave journeys through pain because, at my core, I believe wounds can be healed and hope found. My therapeutic style may be described as relational and experiential. I’m known to be a warm, curious, and compassionate person who listens deeply. My clinical practice focuses on individual therapy with adults experiencing anxiety, grief, trauma, and relationship concerns. I have experience in community mental health and private practice settings.
(312) 964-8065 View (312) 964-8065
Photo of Sherry Dockins, LCPC, CADC, ICDVP
Sherry Dockins
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, CADC, ICDVP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60604  (Online Only)
Hi! I am Sherry. I am a professional counselor licensed in Illinois. I identify as neurodivergent and hope to help others on their journey of self-discovery and fulfillment. As a person who has always felt "different," I am impassioned about helping others who may feel similarly. I feel awareness, increased education and a platform to discuss our strengths and challenges is important and Proser is an opportunity to accomplish this goal.
Hi! I am Sherry. I am a professional counselor licensed in Illinois. I identify as neurodivergent and hope to help others on their journey of self-discovery and fulfillment. As a person who has always felt "different," I am impassioned about helping others who may feel similarly. I feel awareness, increased education and a platform to discuss our strengths and challenges is important and Proser is an opportunity to accomplish this goal.
(708) 729-8592 View (708) 729-8592
Photo of Petya Randelova, PsyD, Psychologist
Petya Randelova
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Loop, Chicago, IL 60601
My work focuses on our relationship and skills-building to relieve the symptoms that brought you into treatment in the first place while also exploring the powerful impact of early life experiences on how you view the world and yourself in the present. I believe that the relationship developed between us provides the foundation for building insight and self-awareness to help you reach your unique potential and create the life you want to live. I approach therapy as a collaborative journey that asks us to bring our expertise into the room and use it to reach your goals! While therapy can be hard work, humor is part of growth too!
My work focuses on our relationship and skills-building to relieve the symptoms that brought you into treatment in the first place while also exploring the powerful impact of early life experiences on how you view the world and yourself in the present. I believe that the relationship developed between us provides the foundation for building insight and self-awareness to help you reach your unique potential and create the life you want to live. I approach therapy as a collaborative journey that asks us to bring our expertise into the room and use it to reach your goals! While therapy can be hard work, humor is part of growth too!
(872) 240-5581 View (872) 240-5581
Photo of Sarah Schacht, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sarah Schacht
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Loop, Chicago, IL 60602
I am a psychotherapist at Working Sobriety, a small group practice, specializing in emerging adults (ages 18-30) and adults who struggle with alcohol or marijuana dependencies. Whether you are questioning if you have a dependency, or grappling with addiction – your own or others’ – I can help you navigate this process. Together we would identify and explore any one of these issues: whether it is working towards sobriety, resolving your own question about if you have an addiction, or helping you with adaptive strategies when in a relationship with someone who has an addiction.
I am a psychotherapist at Working Sobriety, a small group practice, specializing in emerging adults (ages 18-30) and adults who struggle with alcohol or marijuana dependencies. Whether you are questioning if you have a dependency, or grappling with addiction – your own or others’ – I can help you navigate this process. Together we would identify and explore any one of these issues: whether it is working towards sobriety, resolving your own question about if you have an addiction, or helping you with adaptive strategies when in a relationship with someone who has an addiction.
(773) 290-1275 View (773) 290-1275
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Loop, Chicago, IL

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Loop, Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Loop, Chicago, IL see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Loop, Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.