Family Therapy in Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO

Photo of Lisa Laumann Billings, PhD, Psychologist
Lisa Laumann Billings
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
I draw primarily from cognitive-behavioral, ACT, family systems, and insight-oriented schools of psychotherapy.
My approach to psychotherapy is tailored to the needs of each client. I work with adolescents and adults and offer individual, couples, and family therapy. I help individuals identify their goals and make the changes necessary to lead more fulfilling and productive lives. I am directive, and I provide a warm, caring, and non-judgmental environment to explore the issues and life events with which you may be struggling.
I draw primarily from cognitive-behavioral, ACT, family systems, and insight-oriented schools of psychotherapy.
My approach to psychotherapy is tailored to the needs of each client. I work with adolescents and adults and offer individual, couples, and family therapy. I help individuals identify their goals and make the changes necessary to lead more fulfilling and productive lives. I am directive, and I provide a warm, caring, and non-judgmental environment to explore the issues and life events with which you may be struggling.
(303) 747-6823 View (303) 747-6823
Photo of Stephanie Dunlap, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Dunlap
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
Waitlist for new clients
Using first our therapeutic connection, I use psychodynamic theory, CBT, EMDR, DBT, Internal Family Systems, and other modalities to guide my clients toward achieving their goals.
Healing is like the tide. I help people struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, loss, identity, and more. Like the tide, as healing and growth take hold in us, they can sometimes appear to recede—but then they advance even further. I walk alongside people moving into their best visions of themselves. Cracks are how the light gets in.
Using first our therapeutic connection, I use psychodynamic theory, CBT, EMDR, DBT, Internal Family Systems, and other modalities to guide my clients toward achieving their goals.
Healing is like the tide. I help people struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, loss, identity, and more. Like the tide, as healing and growth take hold in us, they can sometimes appear to recede—but then they advance even further. I walk alongside people moving into their best visions of themselves. Cracks are how the light gets in.
(720) 703-9745 View (720) 703-9745
Photo of Laura Goldner, PsyD, Psychologist
Laura Goldner
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80209
We will explore healing through CBT, Mindfulness, EMDR (certified), Internal Family Systems (IFS),wholistic healing.
Are you struggling with anxiety? Work or relationship conflict? Pregnancy, postpartum stress or parenting issues? Are you the adult child or partner of a narcissistic? You are not alone. It doesn't have to be this hard forever. Together we can help you listen to your intuition, find your own voice, and create the healing and changes you desire in your life. As a licensed psychologist, I use my skills and expertise gathered from my work over more than 20 years, combined with personal experience as a woman, spouse and mother, to help you examine and change the situation with which you are struggling.
We will explore healing through CBT, Mindfulness, EMDR (certified), Internal Family Systems (IFS),wholistic healing.
Are you struggling with anxiety? Work or relationship conflict? Pregnancy, postpartum stress or parenting issues? Are you the adult child or partner of a narcissistic? You are not alone. It doesn't have to be this hard forever. Together we can help you listen to your intuition, find your own voice, and create the healing and changes you desire in your life. As a licensed psychologist, I use my skills and expertise gathered from my work over more than 20 years, combined with personal experience as a woman, spouse and mother, to help you examine and change the situation with which you are struggling.
(303) 378-0501 View (303) 378-0501
Photo of Fiona Cochran - Fiona Cochran, LMFT: Couples and Sex Therapy, LMFT, ACS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Fiona Cochran, LMFT: Couples and Sex Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ACS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80224
Relationships are an essential part of the human experience. I can offer support to help you navigate whatever is happening in your life or in your relationship. We will work together to create positive lasting changes in a supportive and encouraging environment. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and sex-positive therapist, I utilize several methods of therapy based on my client's needs. I am a LGBTQIA+ friendly, Poly, and Kink affirming practice.
Relationships are an essential part of the human experience. I can offer support to help you navigate whatever is happening in your life or in your relationship. We will work together to create positive lasting changes in a supportive and encouraging environment. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and sex-positive therapist, I utilize several methods of therapy based on my client's needs. I am a LGBTQIA+ friendly, Poly, and Kink affirming practice.
(303) 872-6314 View (303) 872-6314
Photo of Clinton Jeffrey Nunnally - Foundations Family Counseling Associates, LPC, LCSW, LMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Foundations Family Counseling Associates
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80246
anxiety, depression, relationships, life stage transitions, grief and loss, parenting and family, issues of gender and sexuality, spiritual struggles, and trauma.
Creating an incredibly comfortable and dynamic environment where you can process your life, collaborate with us, transform and heal.
anxiety, depression, relationships, life stage transitions, grief and loss, parenting and family, issues of gender and sexuality, spiritual struggles, and trauma.
Creating an incredibly comfortable and dynamic environment where you can process your life, collaborate with us, transform and heal.
(720) 513-4875 View (720) 513-4875
Photo of Janelle Washburne - Janelle Washburne, Individual, Couples Sex Therapy, LCSW, LMFT, CST-S, Marriage & Family Therapist
Janelle Washburne, Individual, Couples Sex Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, CST-S
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80209
Are you are struggling with a lack of emotional or physical intimacy in your relationship, or feelings of anxiety, depression or trauma? Let's work together to create health and growth. Whether you're an individual or couple, you're not broken and you don't have to figure out life alone. As a master therapist, with over 17 years experience, it's my honor to help. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Licensed Clinical Social Worker, AASECT certified Sex Therapist, and an EMDR Trauma Therapist. I look forward to working with you individually or as a couple to help you get back on track to feeling like yourself again.
Are you are struggling with a lack of emotional or physical intimacy in your relationship, or feelings of anxiety, depression or trauma? Let's work together to create health and growth. Whether you're an individual or couple, you're not broken and you don't have to figure out life alone. As a master therapist, with over 17 years experience, it's my honor to help. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Licensed Clinical Social Worker, AASECT certified Sex Therapist, and an EMDR Trauma Therapist. I look forward to working with you individually or as a couple to help you get back on track to feeling like yourself again.
(303) 900-7342 View (303) 900-7342
Photo of Anne Y-J Hsu, PhD, Psychologist
Anne Y-J Hsu
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80210
Courage is the foundation to every client's work. Whether you are making a life decision, addressing your or helping your family member/ love ones' with their psychological struggles, or striving to become who you are and do what truly matters to you... Often times, courage may be disguised as anxiety, fear or painful indecisiveness. Reach a better understanding, through testing or mapping out where you are, and really listen to your symptoms/ guides. Then I encourage you to plant courage through forgiveness and compassion so that you can practice, acceptance, confrontation, working through, and letting go.
Courage is the foundation to every client's work. Whether you are making a life decision, addressing your or helping your family member/ love ones' with their psychological struggles, or striving to become who you are and do what truly matters to you... Often times, courage may be disguised as anxiety, fear or painful indecisiveness. Reach a better understanding, through testing or mapping out where you are, and really listen to your symptoms/ guides. Then I encourage you to plant courage through forgiveness and compassion so that you can practice, acceptance, confrontation, working through, and letting go.
(720) 709-2725 View (720) 709-2725
Photo of Victoria Storm, LPC, Counselor
Victoria Storm
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
Anxiety and related disorders can affect the whole family.
Victoria Storm, LPC is a licensed professional counselor who specializes in the evidenced-based treatment of anxiety, OCD, and related disorders. She aims to support children and their families through the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), and the SPACE parent based treatment program.
Anxiety and related disorders can affect the whole family.
Victoria Storm, LPC is a licensed professional counselor who specializes in the evidenced-based treatment of anxiety, OCD, and related disorders. She aims to support children and their families through the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), and the SPACE parent based treatment program.
(866) 619-8833 View (866) 619-8833
Photo of Bonnie L Gertz, MA, LPC, LAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bonnie L Gertz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LAC
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80237
I use a combination of EMDR and IFS, Internal Family Systems, guided meditation and relaxation techniques to help clients explore their feelings and needs so they can find the happiness they desire. Both EMDR and IFS are evidence-based, transformative therapies for treating trauma, anxiety, depression, PTSD, and substance abuse. Rooted in neuroscience, these approaches allow clients to access inner resources and self-compassion for healing emotional wounding at its core. I teach clients a new way to identify with their "wise, healthy self", separating the person from the symptom, so they can heal.
I use a combination of EMDR and IFS, Internal Family Systems, guided meditation and relaxation techniques to help clients explore their feelings and needs so they can find the happiness they desire. Both EMDR and IFS are evidence-based, transformative therapies for treating trauma, anxiety, depression, PTSD, and substance abuse. Rooted in neuroscience, these approaches allow clients to access inner resources and self-compassion for healing emotional wounding at its core. I teach clients a new way to identify with their "wise, healthy self", separating the person from the symptom, so they can heal.
(303) 747-4120 View (303) 747-4120
Photo of Caela Day, PsyD, MA, Psychologist
Caela Day
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who specializes in treating clients with trauma, anxiety, and depression. Therapy can help with navigating life transitions, identity, relationship concerns, and family of origin issues. I seek to listen, explore where you've been, and identify current sources of distress. Therapy is not a one size fits all approach and developing an authentic and trusting therapeutic relationship is key. I'm here to offer some suggestions about strategies, treatment modalities, and approaches that may help you meet your goals in a way that fits for you.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who specializes in treating clients with trauma, anxiety, and depression. Therapy can help with navigating life transitions, identity, relationship concerns, and family of origin issues. I seek to listen, explore where you've been, and identify current sources of distress. Therapy is not a one size fits all approach and developing an authentic and trusting therapeutic relationship is key. I'm here to offer some suggestions about strategies, treatment modalities, and approaches that may help you meet your goals in a way that fits for you.
(720) 702-1691 View (720) 702-1691
Photo of Kayla Sapakoff, MA, MFTC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kayla Sapakoff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFTC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80210
I work with individual and couples to address issues related to infidelity, low self-esteem, identity, family and relationships, substance abuse, anxiety, life transitions and trauma. I welcome individuals and couples of all identities and backgrounds and am particularly passionate about working with women and LGBTQIA+ individuals. I am grounded in the belief that therapy should be available to everyone and am committed to creating a space where your voice can be heard. My approach is curious, warm, and direct as I try to understand how you create meaning in your life.
I work with individual and couples to address issues related to infidelity, low self-esteem, identity, family and relationships, substance abuse, anxiety, life transitions and trauma. I welcome individuals and couples of all identities and backgrounds and am particularly passionate about working with women and LGBTQIA+ individuals. I am grounded in the belief that therapy should be available to everyone and am committed to creating a space where your voice can be heard. My approach is curious, warm, and direct as I try to understand how you create meaning in your life.
(720) 636-9565 View (720) 636-9565
Photo of Pamela Brody, PhD, Psychologist
Pamela Brody
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80246
I integrate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), EMDR, Mindfulness, and Internal Family Systems informed therapy into my approach.
Are you struggling with anxiety or insomnia? I specialize in evidence-based treatments including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Internal Family Systems Therapy. I'm passionate about helping people with anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and have decades of experience, including teaching and supervising others in the field. I provide compassionate, affirming treatment of the highest quality with a warm and engaging approach. I have extensive experience with panic disorder, post-traumatic stress, social anxiety, CBT for insomnia, relationship issues, and depressive disorders.
I integrate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), EMDR, Mindfulness, and Internal Family Systems informed therapy into my approach.
Are you struggling with anxiety or insomnia? I specialize in evidence-based treatments including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Internal Family Systems Therapy. I'm passionate about helping people with anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and have decades of experience, including teaching and supervising others in the field. I provide compassionate, affirming treatment of the highest quality with a warm and engaging approach. I have extensive experience with panic disorder, post-traumatic stress, social anxiety, CBT for insomnia, relationship issues, and depressive disorders.
(303) 647-9342 View (303) 647-9342
Photo of Angel Manjarrez, MA, LPC, PhD-ABD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Angel Manjarrez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, PhD-ABD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
I have a wide range of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in individual, family and couples therapy.
I believe therapy is essential to understanding how our mental health can improve our everyday life. I take a holistic approach with each client to treat the whole person while using neuroscience to inform my work. I am passionate about building an inclusive and collaborative therapeutic environment to address daily challenges around stress, anxiety, trauma, and/or depressive thoughts. It is also important to address my clients’ identities through an antiracist and multicultural based approach to help create an equal relationship where one feels seen and heard.
I have a wide range of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in individual, family and couples therapy.
I believe therapy is essential to understanding how our mental health can improve our everyday life. I take a holistic approach with each client to treat the whole person while using neuroscience to inform my work. I am passionate about building an inclusive and collaborative therapeutic environment to address daily challenges around stress, anxiety, trauma, and/or depressive thoughts. It is also important to address my clients’ identities through an antiracist and multicultural based approach to help create an equal relationship where one feels seen and heard.
(720) 806-4495 View (720) 806-4495
Photo of Eleonora Juliana, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eleonora Juliana
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80224
I am licensed in South Carolina, Colorado, and Utah with 8 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with depression, anxiety, addictions, family conflicts, stress, trauma and abuse. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process. Eleonora Juliana, Ph.D., is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Licensed Addiction Counselor in South Carolina, Colorado, and Utah.
I am licensed in South Carolina, Colorado, and Utah with 8 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with depression, anxiety, addictions, family conflicts, stress, trauma and abuse. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process. Eleonora Juliana, Ph.D., is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Licensed Addiction Counselor in South Carolina, Colorado, and Utah.
(720) 797-7070 View (720) 797-7070
Photo of Leila Boytler, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Leila Boytler
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80209
I am trained in both Family-Based Treatment and Emotion-Focused Family Therapy.
I have a deep passion for my work as a therapist. I’ll bring innovative ideas to our work together; I thrive on being creative, collaborative, and flexible. My approach is all about being affirmative, listening closely, and using empathy to truly understand what it's like to walk in your shoes. I'll help you tap into your intuition when we brainstorm and solve issues. I will always strive to create a safe space for you, fostering encouragement, collaboration, and courage. I bring all these traits to our therapy sessions to help you tackle tough challenges and break through barriers.
I am trained in both Family-Based Treatment and Emotion-Focused Family Therapy.
I have a deep passion for my work as a therapist. I’ll bring innovative ideas to our work together; I thrive on being creative, collaborative, and flexible. My approach is all about being affirmative, listening closely, and using empathy to truly understand what it's like to walk in your shoes. I'll help you tap into your intuition when we brainstorm and solve issues. I will always strive to create a safe space for you, fostering encouragement, collaboration, and courage. I bring all these traits to our therapy sessions to help you tackle tough challenges and break through barriers.
(206) 309-1218 View (206) 309-1218
Photo of Dr. Salik Ghaus, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dr. Salik Ghaus
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
Feel free to give us a call if you are interested in scheduling an appointment for individual or family therapy, or for psychological testing.
Hello there! Addressing life's challenges is hard, and so is finding the right therapist. Perhaps anxiety and stress have been weighing you down, and you feel stuck. Or maybe you are struggling to find meaning. I strive to help clients overcome their challenges and live by their values. I maintain an empathic space and focus on helping those I work with address thoughts and behaviors that are not helpful and explore new ones that are. Above everything, I am committed to helping clients live fulfilled and balanced lives.
Feel free to give us a call if you are interested in scheduling an appointment for individual or family therapy, or for psychological testing.
Hello there! Addressing life's challenges is hard, and so is finding the right therapist. Perhaps anxiety and stress have been weighing you down, and you feel stuck. Or maybe you are struggling to find meaning. I strive to help clients overcome their challenges and live by their values. I maintain an empathic space and focus on helping those I work with address thoughts and behaviors that are not helpful and explore new ones that are. Above everything, I am committed to helping clients live fulfilled and balanced lives.
(720) 730-7141 View (720) 730-7141
Photo of Christine Rowe, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christine Rowe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80224
At times, we all develop ineffective patterns of behavior, some of which are unconscious & keep us from solving problems & being the best we can be. I believe emotional flexibility is the key to a happier, healthier more complete life. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker providing Psychotherapy since 1997. My specialties include: family & couples therapy, individuals of all ages), grief & loss, depression, anxiety & personal growth. I use a variety of theories & techniques looking for the right fit for you. My goal is to help you resolve whatever difficulties are keeping you from living a more authentic, joyful & fulfilled life
At times, we all develop ineffective patterns of behavior, some of which are unconscious & keep us from solving problems & being the best we can be. I believe emotional flexibility is the key to a happier, healthier more complete life. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker providing Psychotherapy since 1997. My specialties include: family & couples therapy, individuals of all ages), grief & loss, depression, anxiety & personal growth. I use a variety of theories & techniques looking for the right fit for you. My goal is to help you resolve whatever difficulties are keeping you from living a more authentic, joyful & fulfilled life
(720) 885-9357 View (720) 885-9357
Photo of Peggy Henninger
Peggy Henninger
Psychologist Candidate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80224
You are Not Alone!! I look forward to working with your family as a team, to develop the most effective plan of action to help improve the quality of life with your child and build healthier relationships within the family.
I can help you conquer your personal struggles, anxiety, depression, trauma and difficulties. I use individual therapy and EMDR to help us find solutions together. I work with children, young people, adults, and anyone that has disabilities. I was a special education teacher for over twenty years and will do whatever it takes to assist you in living your best life.
You are Not Alone!! I look forward to working with your family as a team, to develop the most effective plan of action to help improve the quality of life with your child and build healthier relationships within the family.
I can help you conquer your personal struggles, anxiety, depression, trauma and difficulties. I use individual therapy and EMDR to help us find solutions together. I work with children, young people, adults, and anyone that has disabilities. I was a special education teacher for over twenty years and will do whatever it takes to assist you in living your best life.
(303) 835-9752 View (303) 835-9752
Photo of William Flug, MSW, SWC, Pre-Licensed Professional
William Flug
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, SWC
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80222
I primarily specialize in mood disorders such as Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Substance Abuse, and Family issues.
I have worked in the clinical realm since 2018 with experience in addiction treatment, high-risk mental health case management, and both group and individual therapy. My clinical approach is reliant on empathy and intuition. Creating a space for my clients to feel heard and understood rather than critiqued and corrected is essential when establishing a therapeutic alliance. Combining these principles with my clinical experience and education while maintaining an inclusive and culturally sensitive approach to my work has allowed success in my practice and continued care with the people I serve.
I primarily specialize in mood disorders such as Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Substance Abuse, and Family issues.
I have worked in the clinical realm since 2018 with experience in addiction treatment, high-risk mental health case management, and both group and individual therapy. My clinical approach is reliant on empathy and intuition. Creating a space for my clients to feel heard and understood rather than critiqued and corrected is essential when establishing a therapeutic alliance. Combining these principles with my clinical experience and education while maintaining an inclusive and culturally sensitive approach to my work has allowed success in my practice and continued care with the people I serve.
(720) 954-3417 View (720) 954-3417
Photo of Emily Frank, LPCC
Emily Frank
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC
Verified Verified
Southeastern Denver, Denver, CO 80237
Are you grappling with feelings of loneliness, anxiety, depression or grief? Are you wanting to learn how to regulate your emotions and show up differently in your relationships? Are you feeling overwhelmed or stuck, and looking for someone to walk with you as you work to move forward? If so, I can help! As a strengths based individual, couples and family therapist, I provide support and compassion as you face these issues in a non-judgmental setting. I try to meet clients where they’re at, and collaborate towards a happier and more authentic self.
Are you grappling with feelings of loneliness, anxiety, depression or grief? Are you wanting to learn how to regulate your emotions and show up differently in your relationships? Are you feeling overwhelmed or stuck, and looking for someone to walk with you as you work to move forward? If so, I can help! As a strengths based individual, couples and family therapist, I provide support and compassion as you face these issues in a non-judgmental setting. I try to meet clients where they’re at, and collaborate towards a happier and more authentic self.
(720) 743-6965 View (720) 743-6965
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See more therapy options for Southeastern Denver, Denver

Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.