Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Laurence Rosenthal, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laurence Rosenthal
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90048
What keeps you up at night? Anxiety? Depression? A fucked-up relationship? Or do you simply find that the world is spinning out of order? As Marshall McLuhan said, "We don't know who discovered water, but we know it wasn't a fish." The point is: it’s hard to see the whole picture when you’re in the middle of the picture. That's where therapy helps. Therapy offers you the chance to sift through your thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a safe and compassionate space. From there, a deeper consciousness can emerge. And with that consciousness comes the opportunity to create change.
What keeps you up at night? Anxiety? Depression? A fucked-up relationship? Or do you simply find that the world is spinning out of order? As Marshall McLuhan said, "We don't know who discovered water, but we know it wasn't a fish." The point is: it’s hard to see the whole picture when you’re in the middle of the picture. That's where therapy helps. Therapy offers you the chance to sift through your thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a safe and compassionate space. From there, a deeper consciousness can emerge. And with that consciousness comes the opportunity to create change.
(424) 286-4924 View (424) 286-4924
Photo of Feel Understood Couples Counseling - Feel Understood Couples Counseling, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Feel Understood Couples Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90027
Is your relationship feeling hopelessly stuck in conflict? You might find yourselves trapped in repeating patterns. You know communication should be improved somehow. Maybe you don’t spend enough time together. You could be avoiding each other because of past hurts you'd rather not bring up, or personal differences you've been struggling to address. You're likely not feeling as supported you could be. If any of this resonates with you, I'm a trained couples therapist here to help.
Is your relationship feeling hopelessly stuck in conflict? You might find yourselves trapped in repeating patterns. You know communication should be improved somehow. Maybe you don’t spend enough time together. You could be avoiding each other because of past hurts you'd rather not bring up, or personal differences you've been struggling to address. You're likely not feeling as supported you could be. If any of this resonates with you, I'm a trained couples therapist here to help.
(213) 699-4931 View (213) 699-4931
Photo of Monique Nicole Simon, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Monique Nicole Simon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90046  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, I pride myself on being aware of people's unique qualities and characteristics. I am empathetic, structured, honest, and will challenge you so that your progress is observable and empowering. Life gets complicated sometimes, and it feels like there are issues you cannot resolve on your own. That's where I come in. As your therapist I want your experience to be insightful, healing and supportive, so that you can grow and resolve these issues independently. I have experience working with all age groups, however, my primary focus is therapy with adults.
As a therapist, I pride myself on being aware of people's unique qualities and characteristics. I am empathetic, structured, honest, and will challenge you so that your progress is observable and empowering. Life gets complicated sometimes, and it feels like there are issues you cannot resolve on your own. That's where I come in. As your therapist I want your experience to be insightful, healing and supportive, so that you can grow and resolve these issues independently. I have experience working with all age groups, however, my primary focus is therapy with adults.
(323) 403-0236 View (323) 403-0236
Photo of Nicole Wilson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90016  (Online Only)
Welcome to my primary page! Are you struggling with relationship conflicts, difficulty communicating your wants and needs, or finding yourself stuck in a cycle of negative thoughts and comparisons that keep you up at night? Look no further, I'm here to help. I specialize in assisting people with anxiety, grief, and stress. Let's work together to overcome these challenges and find a peace of mind.
Welcome to my primary page! Are you struggling with relationship conflicts, difficulty communicating your wants and needs, or finding yourself stuck in a cycle of negative thoughts and comparisons that keep you up at night? Look no further, I'm here to help. I specialize in assisting people with anxiety, grief, and stress. Let's work together to overcome these challenges and find a peace of mind.
(619) 693-1362 View (619) 693-1362
Photo of Rachel Jones Linn, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rachel Jones Linn
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90036
My sessions often look a little different from traditional approaches, and tend to be more direct and synergistic. I help my clients identify patterns and connections that might have been previously overlooked, which helps us uncover deeper insights. I’m naturally curious about your experiences and will ask questions to help us both understand what motivates your behaviors and emotions.
My sessions often look a little different from traditional approaches, and tend to be more direct and synergistic. I help my clients identify patterns and connections that might have been previously overlooked, which helps us uncover deeper insights. I’m naturally curious about your experiences and will ask questions to help us both understand what motivates your behaviors and emotions.
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Photo of Jessica Duran, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Duran
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
My name is Jessica, or may you call me Jess - all my favorite people do! I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA. “How are you feeling today? Let Us Talk About It, ALL!” I have 10 years of clinical experience, specifically focusing on young adults, adults and family therapy. In my practice, I have worked with clients managing PTSD, anxious and depressive symptoms and behaviors. I focus my approach on the relationship built between you and me, ensuring you with unconditional support, a listening ear and strengthening the skills you already have, to continue to succeed. I will guide you to finding more of your s
My name is Jessica, or may you call me Jess - all my favorite people do! I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA. “How are you feeling today? Let Us Talk About It, ALL!” I have 10 years of clinical experience, specifically focusing on young adults, adults and family therapy. In my practice, I have worked with clients managing PTSD, anxious and depressive symptoms and behaviors. I focus my approach on the relationship built between you and me, ensuring you with unconditional support, a listening ear and strengthening the skills you already have, to continue to succeed. I will guide you to finding more of your s
(562) 568-5355 View (562) 568-5355
Photo of Cassandra Carrillo, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cassandra Carrillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90034  (Online Only)
Throughout my experience as a therapist, I have been able to develop a diverse and holistic approach to treatment by getting to know all aspects of my client’s life. I am a straight-forward therapist, while still respecting and understanding where my client is in the present moment and letting them take the lead. My ability to incorporate different treatment approaches allows me to individualize treatment for each client to meet their needs.
Throughout my experience as a therapist, I have been able to develop a diverse and holistic approach to treatment by getting to know all aspects of my client’s life. I am a straight-forward therapist, while still respecting and understanding where my client is in the present moment and letting them take the lead. My ability to incorporate different treatment approaches allows me to individualize treatment for each client to meet their needs.
(424) 395-5359 View (424) 395-5359
Photo of Rafael Gomez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rafael Gomez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90033
Welcome! My name is Rafael Gomez, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based out of Los Angeles, California. I specialize in the treatment of men who are struggling with anxiety, trauma, and relationship issues. In addition to my individual work with men, I have extensive experience working with adolescents and children with their caregivers, specifically around the healing of trauma. I utilize Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in my work with individual clients, and a dyadic/family approach when working with adolescents and children.
Welcome! My name is Rafael Gomez, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based out of Los Angeles, California. I specialize in the treatment of men who are struggling with anxiety, trauma, and relationship issues. In addition to my individual work with men, I have extensive experience working with adolescents and children with their caregivers, specifically around the healing of trauma. I utilize Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in my work with individual clients, and a dyadic/family approach when working with adolescents and children.
(323) 473-9317 View (323) 473-9317
Photo of Laura Halperin, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Laura Halperin
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90027
When it comes to relationships, we can find ourselves stuck on “rinse-and-repeat” (or occasionally, just “spin.”) However, through insight and a smattering of behavioral interventions, we can learn to separate that which is ours and that which we have been holding onto for someone else, allowing us to reimagine ourselves and our relationships. I work with adults, teens, couples, and families, and specialize in working with folks who struggle with anxiety and relational trauma.
When it comes to relationships, we can find ourselves stuck on “rinse-and-repeat” (or occasionally, just “spin.”) However, through insight and a smattering of behavioral interventions, we can learn to separate that which is ours and that which we have been holding onto for someone else, allowing us to reimagine ourselves and our relationships. I work with adults, teens, couples, and families, and specialize in working with folks who struggle with anxiety and relational trauma.
(818) 918-3597 View (818) 918-3597
Photo of Terry Wohlberg, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Terry Wohlberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I believe in the resilience and tenacity of the human spirit, even in situations that seem overwhelming. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, strength-based, and tailored to meet your unique needs and goals. I specialize in women's mental health and reproductive mental health (depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period, traumatic birth, perinatal loss and infertility). In addition, I have a special interest and experience in helping adults with anxiety (Generalized Anxiety, OCD, Panic, Social Anxiety, Specific Phobias), depression, past trauma, loss and grief, and insomnia.
I believe in the resilience and tenacity of the human spirit, even in situations that seem overwhelming. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, strength-based, and tailored to meet your unique needs and goals. I specialize in women's mental health and reproductive mental health (depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period, traumatic birth, perinatal loss and infertility). In addition, I have a special interest and experience in helping adults with anxiety (Generalized Anxiety, OCD, Panic, Social Anxiety, Specific Phobias), depression, past trauma, loss and grief, and insomnia.
(310) 929-6376 View (310) 929-6376
Photo of Hanouf Alahmari - True Self Practice , MA, LMFTs, AMFTs, Marriage & Family Therapist
True Self Practice
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFTs, AMFTs
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients for Online Therapy Only. We focus on building a strong connection with Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) individuals who are facing trauma, codependency, or other mental health challenges. Our ideal clients aim to overcome the limitations of their challenges and create a fulfilling life enriched with self-awareness and resilience. Their goal is to reconnect with their true selves, finding both healing and empowerment.
Accepting New Clients for Online Therapy Only. We focus on building a strong connection with Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) individuals who are facing trauma, codependency, or other mental health challenges. Our ideal clients aim to overcome the limitations of their challenges and create a fulfilling life enriched with self-awareness and resilience. Their goal is to reconnect with their true selves, finding both healing and empowerment.
(424) 283-7742 View (424) 283-7742
Photo of Patricia Salgado, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patricia Salgado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90048
My name is Pat and I am an experienced licensed clinical social worker and psychotherapist and have helped hundreds of adults, children, couples, and families over the years through the therapy process. I have a BA degree in Psychology from Occidental College, a Master in Social Work degree from Cal State LA, and licensure LCSW from the Board of Behavioral Sciences, California. This year 2022 I am finishing up a certificate of healthcare fellowship from UC Davis in Pain Management.
My name is Pat and I am an experienced licensed clinical social worker and psychotherapist and have helped hundreds of adults, children, couples, and families over the years through the therapy process. I have a BA degree in Psychology from Occidental College, a Master in Social Work degree from Cal State LA, and licensure LCSW from the Board of Behavioral Sciences, California. This year 2022 I am finishing up a certificate of healthcare fellowship from UC Davis in Pain Management.
(714) 451-4057 View (714) 451-4057
Photo of Morgan Goulet, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Morgan Goulet
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90024  (Online Only)
I was drawn to a career in mental health because I too have struggled and therapy played an important role in my healing. I am passionate about helping others process and work through life’s difficulties because I know what a big difference having someone to talk to can make. I have worked in mental health for over 7 years and specialize in working with anxiety, trauma, substance abuse, and life transitions. Throughout my career, I have also worked with clients at all levels of care from in-home therapy to residential treatment.
I was drawn to a career in mental health because I too have struggled and therapy played an important role in my healing. I am passionate about helping others process and work through life’s difficulties because I know what a big difference having someone to talk to can make. I have worked in mental health for over 7 years and specialize in working with anxiety, trauma, substance abuse, and life transitions. Throughout my career, I have also worked with clients at all levels of care from in-home therapy to residential treatment.
(424) 577-4096 View (424) 577-4096
Photo of James White, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
James White
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024  (Online Only)
I have been doing psychotherapy full time for over 3 decades, so I am a seasoned therapist. My first training was Cognitive-Behavioral, and it remains foundational to how I work with clients, but with experience I have incorporated parts of many other approaches, so "eclectic" is a label that also fits. I believe that education is important early in the therapy process, helping clients identify "what problem(s) are my symptoms trying to solve?"
I have been doing psychotherapy full time for over 3 decades, so I am a seasoned therapist. My first training was Cognitive-Behavioral, and it remains foundational to how I work with clients, but with experience I have incorporated parts of many other approaches, so "eclectic" is a label that also fits. I believe that education is important early in the therapy process, helping clients identify "what problem(s) are my symptoms trying to solve?"
(310) 928-9495 View (310) 928-9495
Photo of Alexandra Tanner, PhD, Psychologist
Alexandra Tanner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90066  (Online Only)
Hi there! I offer science-backed mental health care for adults and couples, with expertise in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based therapies. While I am experienced in working with a broad range of mental health concerns, my practice primarily specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, OCD, postpartum depression & anxiety, relationship distress, life stress & transitions, and recovery from concussion & sports injury.
Hi there! I offer science-backed mental health care for adults and couples, with expertise in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based therapies. While I am experienced in working with a broad range of mental health concerns, my practice primarily specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, OCD, postpartum depression & anxiety, relationship distress, life stress & transitions, and recovery from concussion & sports injury.
(424) 404-6478 View (424) 404-6478
Photo of Tracy Santomarco, LMFT, #118841, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tracy Santomarco
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, #118841
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90048  (Online Only)
Are you beginning your path of healing after discovering you have been entwined in a narcissistic relationship? Whether it was with a romantic partner, family member, boss, or friend, the wounds left behind can run deep. Let's work together to rebuild your sense of self so you can emerge feeling stronger and more connected to who you are meant to be. In our sessions, you'll find a supportive and interactive space where open and honest communication thrive. Laughter and tears are also welcomed without judgment as humor can offer perspective alongside compassion and healing.
Are you beginning your path of healing after discovering you have been entwined in a narcissistic relationship? Whether it was with a romantic partner, family member, boss, or friend, the wounds left behind can run deep. Let's work together to rebuild your sense of self so you can emerge feeling stronger and more connected to who you are meant to be. In our sessions, you'll find a supportive and interactive space where open and honest communication thrive. Laughter and tears are also welcomed without judgment as humor can offer perspective alongside compassion and healing.
(424) 302-5444 View (424) 302-5444
Photo of Luz Elena Flores, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Luz Elena Flores
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90026
Self development is a strength and it is something we have to constantly dedicate ourselves to do. However, It is not easy to deal with all of the issues that we encounter as being human. Allow me to guide you and help bring forth your unique strengths of resilience. I want to hear about what's important to you and what your needs are. I have worked with clients on various issues such as separation, trauma, depression, anxiety, family issues, relationship issues, and existential crises. I am currently not accepting clients; I can connect you with my colleagues trained in treating trauma, crisis, and couples.
Self development is a strength and it is something we have to constantly dedicate ourselves to do. However, It is not easy to deal with all of the issues that we encounter as being human. Allow me to guide you and help bring forth your unique strengths of resilience. I want to hear about what's important to you and what your needs are. I have worked with clients on various issues such as separation, trauma, depression, anxiety, family issues, relationship issues, and existential crises. I am currently not accepting clients; I can connect you with my colleagues trained in treating trauma, crisis, and couples.
(213) 370-1798 View (213) 370-1798
Photo of Sheida Ashley, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sheida Ashley
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90064
I have been in private practice for over 30 years now. My specialties are individual and couples therapy, and 12-step program for variety of addictions. Unlike the traditional silent non-directive method of psychotherapy (which is frustrating for most people)I have a very interactive style in sessions and you will get direct feedback from me. I believe in confronting problems head on and taking action for the ultimate victory over the presented issues and getting results. I am practical as well as spiritual in my approach. I have a new method of dealing with anxiety and depression, which is fast and effective.
I have been in private practice for over 30 years now. My specialties are individual and couples therapy, and 12-step program for variety of addictions. Unlike the traditional silent non-directive method of psychotherapy (which is frustrating for most people)I have a very interactive style in sessions and you will get direct feedback from me. I believe in confronting problems head on and taking action for the ultimate victory over the presented issues and getting results. I am practical as well as spiritual in my approach. I have a new method of dealing with anxiety and depression, which is fast and effective.
(424) 373-6833 View (424) 373-6833
Photo of Pamela Naumes, AMFT, APCC, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Pamela Naumes
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90028
Not accepting new clients
If you’re at a point in your life where “rethinking” resonates more than “continuing as is,” you’re in the right place. You’ve been playing by the rules — the career path, the relationship milestones, the relentless pursuit of happiness as defined by everyone but yourself. Do you have everything you’re supposed to want, yet still feel like something’s missing? Maybe you’re haunted by anxiety, shame, depression, guilt, or fear, all because you’re living a life that doesn’t truly align with your values or desires.
If you’re at a point in your life where “rethinking” resonates more than “continuing as is,” you’re in the right place. You’ve been playing by the rules — the career path, the relationship milestones, the relentless pursuit of happiness as defined by everyone but yourself. Do you have everything you’re supposed to want, yet still feel like something’s missing? Maybe you’re haunted by anxiety, shame, depression, guilt, or fear, all because you’re living a life that doesn’t truly align with your values or desires.
(818) 740-4629 View (818) 740-4629
Photo of Shemena Johnson, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shemena Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90048
Suffering through hardships with the support of others is far better than suffering alone. Once we begin to understand the causes of our problems, discomforts and deprivations, then relief can happen. Psychotherapy is helpful in discovering the challenges and conflicts responsible for one's difficulties, often bringing about a new perspective that can help an individual view themselves through a lens of compassion and empathy. I believe change is facilitated when a person feels understood in their own pain.
Suffering through hardships with the support of others is far better than suffering alone. Once we begin to understand the causes of our problems, discomforts and deprivations, then relief can happen. Psychotherapy is helpful in discovering the challenges and conflicts responsible for one's difficulties, often bringing about a new perspective that can help an individual view themselves through a lens of compassion and empathy. I believe change is facilitated when a person feels understood in their own pain.
(323) 391-1404 View (323) 391-1404
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
73% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
63% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.