Therapists in Reno, NV
![Photo of Emilie Capanang, LMFTI, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9b2ef5b2-181b-4b80-b7c2-39471f6e1b63/1/320x400.jpeg)
Emilie Capanang
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, LMFTI, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89502 (Online Only)
Welcome! I provide telehealth in the state of Nevada and Washington. When you come to therapy, you'll find a safe, accepting space where you can truly be yourself. My person-centered approach emphasizes empathy and a nonjudgmental attitude, ensuring you feel valued as you share your experiences and challenges.
Welcome! I provide telehealth in the state of Nevada and Washington. When you come to therapy, you'll find a safe, accepting space where you can truly be yourself. My person-centered approach emphasizes empathy and a nonjudgmental attitude, ensuring you feel valued as you share your experiences and challenges.
![Photo of Gwen Michelle Smithson, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b583e594-4a7f-45fd-82b0-824adc7c7cfc/3/320x400.jpeg)
My work can be characterized as client centered, empathetic and collaborative. My goal is to help inspire and empower you. This will be a journey in which together we will identify and explore issues, either past or present, that have prevented you from living a happy and well balanced life.
My work can be characterized as client centered, empathetic and collaborative. My goal is to help inspire and empower you. This will be a journey in which together we will identify and explore issues, either past or present, that have prevented you from living a happy and well balanced life.
![Photo of Alex Corona, LMFT, LCADC, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f35a2f89-5cc6-44e1-8658-c9fd468363c2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Below are some of the areas I specialize in and the various forms of therapy I've studied. Anxiety Depression Substance Abuse/Recovery Adolescent Services Trauma Informed Care LGBTQIA+ Family Systems CBT- Cognitive Behavorial Therapy DBT - Dialectic Behavorial Therapy EFT - Emotional Focus Therapy IFS - Internal Family systems.
Below are some of the areas I specialize in and the various forms of therapy I've studied. Anxiety Depression Substance Abuse/Recovery Adolescent Services Trauma Informed Care LGBTQIA+ Family Systems CBT- Cognitive Behavorial Therapy DBT - Dialectic Behavorial Therapy EFT - Emotional Focus Therapy IFS - Internal Family systems.
![Photo of Dr. Dustin Marsh, PsyD, LP, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/606a8dc7-469e-4b2f-83c2-19a597dd40f8/1/320x400.jpeg)
I practice psychology as a profession, and focus much of my hobbies around self-improvement. I made a vow to myself early in my career that I would create the life that made therapy most effective for others, and would maintain accountability for changes to be made in my life to be of service to others. When it comes to addressing psychological suffering we must consider the paradox of wanting to start, knowing where to put our attention, and ultimately, to begin the journey of change. Transformational psychotherapy is the discovery and exploration of mental clarity, self-restraint, connection, autonomy, and authenticity.
I practice psychology as a profession, and focus much of my hobbies around self-improvement. I made a vow to myself early in my career that I would create the life that made therapy most effective for others, and would maintain accountability for changes to be made in my life to be of service to others. When it comes to addressing psychological suffering we must consider the paradox of wanting to start, knowing where to put our attention, and ultimately, to begin the journey of change. Transformational psychotherapy is the discovery and exploration of mental clarity, self-restraint, connection, autonomy, and authenticity.
![Photo of Dustin Hawes, CPC, MSCP, NCC, NCMHC, NCSC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3fc0f024-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dustin Hawes
Counselor, CPC, MSCP, NCC, NCMHC, NCSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89509
Not accepting new clients
Everyone has a right to seek a happy and healthy life, and seeking help from a counselor is an act of hope towards doing that. I help individuals reclaim their direction in life, identify the issues that are holding them back, and overcome the struggles that are interfering with their happiness. If you are in need of support, please contact me.
Everyone has a right to seek a happy and healthy life, and seeking help from a counselor is an act of hope towards doing that. I help individuals reclaim their direction in life, identify the issues that are holding them back, and overcome the struggles that are interfering with their happiness. If you are in need of support, please contact me.
![Photo of Mel Kawalek, MFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1f470433-f2f9-47dc-a502-2056acd829bb/2/320x400.jpeg)
Mel has eight years of experience working with people with eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Her experience also includes working with clients who live with anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and other co-occurring disorders.
Mel has eight years of experience working with people with eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Her experience also includes working with clients who live with anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and other co-occurring disorders.
![Photo of James C. Hughes, MSW, LCSW, CADCIII, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/eff587c8-d141-405e-98fb-c5a6a78a0ce7/2/320x400.jpeg)
Sometimes, experiencing certain events can cause life to move in a direction that feels unbearable. Feeling stuck or overwhelmed with daily tasks can take its toll over time. When this happens, it may be time to make some positive changes in your life. Having someone to provide nonjudgmental support and guidance can make all the difference during these life transitions. I am here to help. I have a passion for aiding others as they navigate through life’s difficult situations.
Sometimes, experiencing certain events can cause life to move in a direction that feels unbearable. Feeling stuck or overwhelmed with daily tasks can take its toll over time. When this happens, it may be time to make some positive changes in your life. Having someone to provide nonjudgmental support and guidance can make all the difference during these life transitions. I am here to help. I have a passion for aiding others as they navigate through life’s difficult situations.
![Photo of Sarah M Henry, PhD, CPC, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/73e17f32-09d8-472f-ae9d-03c0bd8b7509/1/320x400.jpeg)
You feel like maybe there’s a rule book for life that you missed. You thought that once you got to this point in your career, you’d feel great, but instead of feeling confident and energized, you’re trapped. Your demanding job has left you anxious, overwhelmed, burned out, and underperforming. You've heard that you just need to prioritize better, lower your expectations, or do less - but none of that is working. Just like you, I know that doing less isn’t an option. So let’s do it better.
You feel like maybe there’s a rule book for life that you missed. You thought that once you got to this point in your career, you’d feel great, but instead of feeling confident and energized, you’re trapped. Your demanding job has left you anxious, overwhelmed, burned out, and underperforming. You've heard that you just need to prioritize better, lower your expectations, or do less - but none of that is working. Just like you, I know that doing less isn’t an option. So let’s do it better.
![Photo of Bernadette Hinojos, PsyD, Psychological Associate](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cf73a74a-3eca-415c-9058-87787c2504a5/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am currently under the supervision of Dr. Quinten Lynn, Ph.D. (PY0812). I believe my role as a therapist, is the greatest form of advocacy that I can engage in. My approach to therapy is an integrative approach of Feminist and Narrative therapies, combining empowerment & social justice. I have a lengthy history of working with diverse clients from various intersections of identities, diagnoses, & presenting concerns. My clinical focuses include but are not limited to: identity exploration, trauma, sex work, body image, racism, & gender issues. I am also an LGBTQIA2+/kink/poly knowledgeable/ affirming therapist.
I am currently under the supervision of Dr. Quinten Lynn, Ph.D. (PY0812). I believe my role as a therapist, is the greatest form of advocacy that I can engage in. My approach to therapy is an integrative approach of Feminist and Narrative therapies, combining empowerment & social justice. I have a lengthy history of working with diverse clients from various intersections of identities, diagnoses, & presenting concerns. My clinical focuses include but are not limited to: identity exploration, trauma, sex work, body image, racism, & gender issues. I am also an LGBTQIA2+/kink/poly knowledgeable/ affirming therapist.
![Photo of Luke Cylke, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e347460b-7f06-4f0c-8a4c-162aece4bbe8/1/320x400.jpeg)
I try to view the majority of mental health issues through a holistic lens, taking into account and understanding the micro and macro level variables that impact one's mental health concerns (from diet, biology, and family system difficulties, to socioeconomic class and cultural and religious views). I am skeptical of the biomedical model of mental health that often minimizes the role of environmental context while viewing symptoms as pathological things that need to be cured, rather than coping mechanisms that need to be understood.
I try to view the majority of mental health issues through a holistic lens, taking into account and understanding the micro and macro level variables that impact one's mental health concerns (from diet, biology, and family system difficulties, to socioeconomic class and cultural and religious views). I am skeptical of the biomedical model of mental health that often minimizes the role of environmental context while viewing symptoms as pathological things that need to be cured, rather than coping mechanisms that need to be understood.
![Photo of Kimberly Brookman, MPH, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/40787ec2-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I believe the human spirit is very resilient and capable of continued growth and development throughout our lives. However, at times, each of us can feel overwhelmed by life's challenges. Strategies that worked previously are no longer providing results, leaving us feeling frustrated, lost, or despondent. During these times, there is benefit in seeking outside, objective counsel to help overcome the current challenge and assist one in returning to a healthy, productive life.
I believe the human spirit is very resilient and capable of continued growth and development throughout our lives. However, at times, each of us can feel overwhelmed by life's challenges. Strategies that worked previously are no longer providing results, leaving us feeling frustrated, lost, or despondent. During these times, there is benefit in seeking outside, objective counsel to help overcome the current challenge and assist one in returning to a healthy, productive life.
15 Second Videos
Christian EMDR Gentle Walk Counseling
Dr. Tracy S. Kelly, The Strategic Psychotherapist
Alexandra Lambeth
Felicia Kampf
Barbara Hudson
Lisa Widmark
Attachment Trauma Therapist Lisa Stoll
Tennille Warren-Phillips
Patrick Gregory Tanner
Valerie Harris
Anika K Mullen
Angie Michelle Charter
Debra Schmitt
Heather Sexton
Melody McKibbin
Tony T Wildey Sr.
Josh Kaplan - OCD, Anxiety & Depression Specialist
Tracey Somers
Jon Ray
Renee A Walker
Dr. Tristan Sophia
Amaia Oiz
Brian Crane
Kayci Itza
Nicole Lee Dolan
Behavioral Health Solutions
Luke R. Allen
Emily Berson
Insight Therapy Solutions
Jon Wotell Therapy
Kehli LeSourd
Creative Counseling
Julie Barker
Chris Rabanera
Heather Shannon | Certified Sex Therapist
Monica B Campbell
Jennifer Deas
Aaron Williams Therapy
Jared Taylor
Victoria Shvets
Nicole Theron Parkes
Kyrsten Sprewell
Insight Therapy Solutions
Shelby DeBord
Luisa Martinez-Cruz
Nicole Theron Parkes
Eli F Sanchez
Kathleen Davis
Jennifer Deas
Kyrsten Sprewell
![Photo of Tasha Hamilton, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3ecf29e7-d372-4467-8ed6-40a726c819c3/3/320x400.jpeg)
Tasha Hamilton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89511
I offer a cognitive behavioral approach to therapy that is discreet, and client centered. I specialize in life transitions through substance abuse issues. Regardless of what you have heard You can make it through this, and there is always something gained from a person working to be the best they can be. It is a safe and confidential environment for reflection and honest feedback. I also offer comprehensive substance abuse evaluations and assessment services for Court orders or just personal reflection.
I offer a cognitive behavioral approach to therapy that is discreet, and client centered. I specialize in life transitions through substance abuse issues. Regardless of what you have heard You can make it through this, and there is always something gained from a person working to be the best they can be. It is a safe and confidential environment for reflection and honest feedback. I also offer comprehensive substance abuse evaluations and assessment services for Court orders or just personal reflection.
![Photo of Lynn L Dyas, MFT, LCADC, NCC, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/438a5f03-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
As a highly trained and experienced Psychotherapist, I focus on treatment that addresses blocks to living a full and productive life. My goals are to help clients understand self-defeating patterns or dynamics that may be sabotaging their lives, heal attachment ruptures, provide support while practicing new behaviors, work through challenging situations or life crises, and learn to identify existing while teaching new strengths and skills. Our objective as a team will be to enhance your quality of life by helping you reach your fullest personal and professional potential.
As a highly trained and experienced Psychotherapist, I focus on treatment that addresses blocks to living a full and productive life. My goals are to help clients understand self-defeating patterns or dynamics that may be sabotaging their lives, heal attachment ruptures, provide support while practicing new behaviors, work through challenging situations or life crises, and learn to identify existing while teaching new strengths and skills. Our objective as a team will be to enhance your quality of life by helping you reach your fullest personal and professional potential.
![Photo of Debbie Prines, MFT-I, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/97e41b54-a16f-4110-bcb0-3b8c3c268f42/2/320x400.jpeg)
(I currently have some limited immediate openings!) Therapy is a journey that an individual needs to be ready to partake in; what that journey looks like is up to the person seeking it. I offer support in my clients' journeys. I provide a safe, understanding, non-judgmental environment, that is focused on support and respect. My goal is to help others through trials and tribulations that can come with life, and to help them heal by balancing life along with mental health. I am LGBTQ+ friendly and strongly believe in supporting all minority populations (Yo hablo español).
(I currently have some limited immediate openings!) Therapy is a journey that an individual needs to be ready to partake in; what that journey looks like is up to the person seeking it. I offer support in my clients' journeys. I provide a safe, understanding, non-judgmental environment, that is focused on support and respect. My goal is to help others through trials and tribulations that can come with life, and to help them heal by balancing life along with mental health. I am LGBTQ+ friendly and strongly believe in supporting all minority populations (Yo hablo español).
![Photo of Tina Faker - Christian EMDR Gentle Walk Counseling, LCPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/15086d0f-fc35-4aef-901d-7b10cd2e1ce2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Clients who struggle with anxiety, parenting issues, depression, OCD, grief, trauma, and ADHD. Those individuals who seek specific tools to be able to be able to manage their symptoms or struggles in order to live the life they want to live. Also, to have someone come along side of them and walk with them during this challenging time in their life that will offer validation and empathy.
Clients who struggle with anxiety, parenting issues, depression, OCD, grief, trauma, and ADHD. Those individuals who seek specific tools to be able to be able to manage their symptoms or struggles in order to live the life they want to live. Also, to have someone come along side of them and walk with them during this challenging time in their life that will offer validation and empathy.
![Photo of Vish Durdevic, LPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9c9a353c-8f6c-49d1-be54-90bf5588a076/2/320x400.jpeg)
I know it takes courage to seek help during hard times in life and therefore I try to create a safe environment for my clients to explore their thoughts and feelings without fear of judgement. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, coping with grief and loss. I utilize strength-based approach to help my clients find their authentic way to being content.
I know it takes courage to seek help during hard times in life and therefore I try to create a safe environment for my clients to explore their thoughts and feelings without fear of judgement. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, coping with grief and loss. I utilize strength-based approach to help my clients find their authentic way to being content.
![Photo of Krista Silva, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cc4a28c3-b451-4edf-a67b-34d1e9bca5b9/2/320x400.jpeg)
I work with children approximately 4-12 years old and their families who may be in need of additional support due to a variety of reasons such as loss, trauma, school issues, anxiety etc.
I work with children approximately 4-12 years old and their families who may be in need of additional support due to a variety of reasons such as loss, trauma, school issues, anxiety etc.
![Photo of Lindsay Funston, MA, LPC Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/356c9267-557c-4c03-a2d3-e5a69aac3554/2/320x400.jpeg)
(I currently have some limited immediate openings!) I believe that counseling is an ongoing process of self-acceptance and personal growth. Counseling can be beneficial for situational challenges, mental health struggles, and personal exploration. I provide an environment free from judgment, biases, or agendas; while also cultivating a trusting environment to help clients feel supported and understood. I believe that the client and counselor work together to create client goals and change. I also provide client-centered play therapy for children (ages 2 and up) to assist with processing emotions.
(I currently have some limited immediate openings!) I believe that counseling is an ongoing process of self-acceptance and personal growth. Counseling can be beneficial for situational challenges, mental health struggles, and personal exploration. I provide an environment free from judgment, biases, or agendas; while also cultivating a trusting environment to help clients feel supported and understood. I believe that the client and counselor work together to create client goals and change. I also provide client-centered play therapy for children (ages 2 and up) to assist with processing emotions.
![Photo of John McElveney, CPC-I, CADC-I, LPC Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/86d9383d-b111-4636-a170-330afe59bbac/2/320x400.jpeg)
Life sometimes presents challenges that require one to seek out help. Oftentimes, those challenges can be learning experiences that help one grow and heal. Do you need help with a specific problem that is affecting your life or do you just need general guidance about discovering who you are? My aim is to meet you where you are currently and then partner with you to find solutions for your mental health concerns. Making the decision to seek out therapy can be difficult for some and I will work to make the experience comfortable, safe, and as non-judgmental as possible.
Life sometimes presents challenges that require one to seek out help. Oftentimes, those challenges can be learning experiences that help one grow and heal. Do you need help with a specific problem that is affecting your life or do you just need general guidance about discovering who you are? My aim is to meet you where you are currently and then partner with you to find solutions for your mental health concerns. Making the decision to seek out therapy can be difficult for some and I will work to make the experience comfortable, safe, and as non-judgmental as possible.
![Photo of Dr. Tracy S. Kelly - Dr. Tracy S. Kelly, The Strategic Psychotherapist, EdD, LMFT, NCC, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/af7ed6c3-2c2b-480d-86b3-0fbc44920099/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Tracy S. Kelly, The Strategic Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD, LMFT, NCC
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89511
Now accepting new clients! Look forward to a life free from the things that have held you back. I specialize in helping adolescents, adults, couples, and families experience wellness, and healing. If you're seeking new ways to change behaviors, thoughts, and actions, with new tools, you're in the right place. I work with clients to help them heal from a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, low-self esteem, fear, doubt, abuse, grief, loss, ADD/ADHD, infidelity, divorce, blended families, mood disorders, hopelessness, stress, communication, and more.
Now accepting new clients! Look forward to a life free from the things that have held you back. I specialize in helping adolescents, adults, couples, and families experience wellness, and healing. If you're seeking new ways to change behaviors, thoughts, and actions, with new tools, you're in the right place. I work with clients to help them heal from a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, low-self esteem, fear, doubt, abuse, grief, loss, ADD/ADHD, infidelity, divorce, blended families, mood disorders, hopelessness, stress, communication, and more.
See more therapy options for Reno
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Reno, NV
500+
Average cost per session
$150
Therapists in Reno, NV who prioritize treating:
90% | Anxiety |
86% | Depression |
75% | Self Esteem |
74% | Relationship Issues |
73% | Trauma and PTSD |
67% | Coping Skills |
66% | Stress |
Average years in practice
10 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
69% | Aetna |
63% | BlueCross and BlueShield |
62% | Hometown Health |
How Therapists in Reno, NV see their clients
72% | In Person and Online | |
28% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
82% | Female | |
17% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Reno?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.