Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Caroline Miller, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caroline Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63105  (Online Only)
I am convinced the client/therapist relationship is one of the most healing aspects of therapy, so I take great care in making sure I treat my clients with honesty, respect, and compassion. In working together, we can create a deep connection and find balance in your life. Through this process we can shine a light on issues that may be causing difficulty and trauma for you.
I am convinced the client/therapist relationship is one of the most healing aspects of therapy, so I take great care in making sure I treat my clients with honesty, respect, and compassion. In working together, we can create a deep connection and find balance in your life. Through this process we can shine a light on issues that may be causing difficulty and trauma for you.
(314) 808-5260 View (314) 808-5260
Photo of Jason Eccker, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jason Eccker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Waitlist for new clients
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
(314) 696-6089 View (314) 696-6089
Photo of Erica Harmon, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica Harmon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Many of my clients come to me feeling overwhelmed, disconnected from family or loved ones, hopeless about the future, or like they’re struggling to make decisions or meaningful change. They may be uncertain of how to start the process of change or healing, though they’re ready for growth and understanding.
Many of my clients come to me feeling overwhelmed, disconnected from family or loved ones, hopeless about the future, or like they’re struggling to make decisions or meaningful change. They may be uncertain of how to start the process of change or healing, though they’re ready for growth and understanding.
(314) 207-0130 View (314) 207-0130
Photo of Jamie Ewald, MA, PLPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jamie Ewald
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63131
Some of us come to a point in life where we find ourselves feeling stuck. Maybe the things that have always worked are no longer working. Maybe we come to a place where we are struggling with a current relationship, holding on to a past relationship, or longing for a future where our relationships are rich with connection and purpose. Or perhaps an unexpected event or circumstance has left us reeling in confusion and doubt that life will ever feel normal again. Jamie believes that safety and connection in relationship are the most powerful tools for movement towards health and wholeness.
Some of us come to a point in life where we find ourselves feeling stuck. Maybe the things that have always worked are no longer working. Maybe we come to a place where we are struggling with a current relationship, holding on to a past relationship, or longing for a future where our relationships are rich with connection and purpose. Or perhaps an unexpected event or circumstance has left us reeling in confusion and doubt that life will ever feel normal again. Jamie believes that safety and connection in relationship are the most powerful tools for movement towards health and wholeness.
(314) 936-2169 View (314) 936-2169
Photo of Emily Seligson, MA, PLPC
Emily Seligson
MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63129
Many of us long for genuine connection and safety in relation to ourselves and others. Sometimes we want to better understand who we are and where we came from, but it can feel daunting to even know where to begin. Other times, we hope for tools and understanding that can enable us to feel more regulated, as we move forward through challenging moments. Whatever it is that brought you here today, Emily finds it to be an honor to walk alongside you. Through a fostering of safety and trust in the therapeutic relationship, she strives to create healthy settings for change, growth, and healing.
Many of us long for genuine connection and safety in relation to ourselves and others. Sometimes we want to better understand who we are and where we came from, but it can feel daunting to even know where to begin. Other times, we hope for tools and understanding that can enable us to feel more regulated, as we move forward through challenging moments. Whatever it is that brought you here today, Emily finds it to be an honor to walk alongside you. Through a fostering of safety and trust in the therapeutic relationship, she strives to create healthy settings for change, growth, and healing.
(314) 635-9206 View (314) 635-9206
Photo of Joan A Di Pretore, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joan A Di Pretore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105  (Online Only)
Dedicated to my clients' happiness and success, I feel honored to be trusted with their innermost thoughts. They often report feeling completely overwhelmed and stressed by life situations: e.g. relationship conflict, conflict at work, loss of a loved one. Feeling that life is controlling them, they report feeling depressed, anxious, and doubting their own ability. Through our work together in therapy, my clients have felt empowered to regain the control necessary to make positive changes in their lives and relationships, and thereby resolve their conflicts, reduce their level of stress, and relieve their accompanying anxiety and depression.
Dedicated to my clients' happiness and success, I feel honored to be trusted with their innermost thoughts. They often report feeling completely overwhelmed and stressed by life situations: e.g. relationship conflict, conflict at work, loss of a loved one. Feeling that life is controlling them, they report feeling depressed, anxious, and doubting their own ability. Through our work together in therapy, my clients have felt empowered to regain the control necessary to make positive changes in their lives and relationships, and thereby resolve their conflicts, reduce their level of stress, and relieve their accompanying anxiety and depression.
(314) 714-4248 View (314) 714-4248
Photo of Alwyn S Whitehead Jr, PsyD, Psychologist
Alwyn S Whitehead Jr
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63109  (Online Only)
My clients seek help with a specific difficulty. It may be depression, anxiety, PTSD, relationships, or their path in life. They want to feel happy and fulfilled but have been blocked by some difficulty. When they reach out to accept help they have made the first step in their journey of healing and happiness! We all deserve happiness and modern Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) provides tools and processes to unblock the natural flow of healing available to us. Plus, anyone can become proficient in using them and applying them to many situations in their life.
My clients seek help with a specific difficulty. It may be depression, anxiety, PTSD, relationships, or their path in life. They want to feel happy and fulfilled but have been blocked by some difficulty. When they reach out to accept help they have made the first step in their journey of healing and happiness! We all deserve happiness and modern Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) provides tools and processes to unblock the natural flow of healing available to us. Plus, anyone can become proficient in using them and applying them to many situations in their life.
(314) 897-4635 View (314) 897-4635
Photo of Alecia Watts, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alecia Watts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63109  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
It can be hard to admit when we’re not ok. Sometimes our thoughts, emotions, and past experiences can make it difficult for us to experience peace and live life how we desire. What if you could find relief and learn healthy and helpful ways of coping during difficult moments? I believe that everyone possesses positive, innate tools that can help them conquer life’s challenges, gain personal growth, and experience healing. I support individuals experiencing personal challenges related to stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem/self-worth, postpartum, and other life transitions.
It can be hard to admit when we’re not ok. Sometimes our thoughts, emotions, and past experiences can make it difficult for us to experience peace and live life how we desire. What if you could find relief and learn healthy and helpful ways of coping during difficult moments? I believe that everyone possesses positive, innate tools that can help them conquer life’s challenges, gain personal growth, and experience healing. I support individuals experiencing personal challenges related to stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem/self-worth, postpartum, and other life transitions.
(314) 648-8457 View (314) 648-8457
Photo of Beth Perkins, Licensed Professional Counselor
Beth Perkins
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63127
Whatever struggle is motivating you to start counseling, something inside is knocking. The knock may be feeling depressed, anxious, angry, or overwhelmed. It may be feeling disconnected in relationships and from what is meaningful in your life, a sense of emptiness or lack of purpose. It may be unresolved trauma. To answer that knock means to turn inward, which can be challenging and uncomfortable at times, yet I whole-heartedly believe the life you seek is patiently waiting! The pain you are experiencing is actually an invitation for healing and growth. Answer the knock. When things break down, breakthroughs happen.
Whatever struggle is motivating you to start counseling, something inside is knocking. The knock may be feeling depressed, anxious, angry, or overwhelmed. It may be feeling disconnected in relationships and from what is meaningful in your life, a sense of emptiness or lack of purpose. It may be unresolved trauma. To answer that knock means to turn inward, which can be challenging and uncomfortable at times, yet I whole-heartedly believe the life you seek is patiently waiting! The pain you are experiencing is actually an invitation for healing and growth. Answer the knock. When things break down, breakthroughs happen.
(314) 207-5596 View (314) 207-5596
Photo of Hannah Campbell, MA, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hannah Campbell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I'm glad you're here: you have taken a courageous and healing step by seeking support. I provide an integrative, resiliency-focused approach to therapy, pulling from your strengths and values to guide our work and help you regain a sense of mastery, meaning, and connection in your life. My perspective is that we are built to survive and often develop ways of relating which once helped us get by, but may no longer be helpful to a current situation. My goal is to form a safe connection to explore these factors that may contribute to ongoing difficulties, re-process experiences, and ultimately co-create your next chapter.
I'm glad you're here: you have taken a courageous and healing step by seeking support. I provide an integrative, resiliency-focused approach to therapy, pulling from your strengths and values to guide our work and help you regain a sense of mastery, meaning, and connection in your life. My perspective is that we are built to survive and often develop ways of relating which once helped us get by, but may no longer be helpful to a current situation. My goal is to form a safe connection to explore these factors that may contribute to ongoing difficulties, re-process experiences, and ultimately co-create your next chapter.
(314) 675-7902 View (314) 675-7902
Photo of Joshua Goff, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joshua Goff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Life is hard enough without having to go through it alone. No matter who you are or where you are from, my greatest wish for you at the outset is for you to recognize that we all have complications — we could all benefit from growth and healing. As we embrace these realities, we also learn to embrace all of the parts of ourselves, including those that most need our attention and affection. Make no mistake, the path to growth can be difficult. It involves equal parts frustration and exploration, and even a good dose of humor! But when we face ourselves, we may also find that the outcome is beautiful, rewarding, and even enchanting.
Life is hard enough without having to go through it alone. No matter who you are or where you are from, my greatest wish for you at the outset is for you to recognize that we all have complications — we could all benefit from growth and healing. As we embrace these realities, we also learn to embrace all of the parts of ourselves, including those that most need our attention and affection. Make no mistake, the path to growth can be difficult. It involves equal parts frustration and exploration, and even a good dose of humor! But when we face ourselves, we may also find that the outcome is beautiful, rewarding, and even enchanting.
(314) 947-2585 View (314) 947-2585
Photo of Prof. Carol Robinson - Windhorse LLC, MEd, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Windhorse LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Interested in understanding how past challenges impact life today? Curious about what is getting in the way of your ability to genuinely enjoy a life worth celebrating? We can work together to understand what is happening for you today and open possibilities for your future. Together we identify the best way to address your long or short-term goals.
Interested in understanding how past challenges impact life today? Curious about what is getting in the way of your ability to genuinely enjoy a life worth celebrating? We can work together to understand what is happening for you today and open possibilities for your future. Together we identify the best way to address your long or short-term goals.
(314) 649-5844 View (314) 649-5844
Photo of Julia Leah Hughes, LCSW, MPH, CCTP, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julia Leah Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH, CCTP, MSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130  (Online Only)
Seeking space to process trauma and understand your path of healing is a courageous choice. Whether you are new to therapy, or returning to your journey of healing self-discovery — searching for a therapist can be overwhelming. Be proud that you made it this far! I am passionate about processing trauma and working with caregivers, helpers, and those excited to attune to one's own needs. I work with clients seeking to explore a deeper understanding of their attachment, and identities and heal from trauma, abuse, and neglect. My practice welcomes those who identify as neurodivergent, LGBTQIA2+, or consensually non-monogamous.
Seeking space to process trauma and understand your path of healing is a courageous choice. Whether you are new to therapy, or returning to your journey of healing self-discovery — searching for a therapist can be overwhelming. Be proud that you made it this far! I am passionate about processing trauma and working with caregivers, helpers, and those excited to attune to one's own needs. I work with clients seeking to explore a deeper understanding of their attachment, and identities and heal from trauma, abuse, and neglect. My practice welcomes those who identify as neurodivergent, LGBTQIA2+, or consensually non-monogamous.
(314) 804-0921 View (314) 804-0921
Photo of Pamela A Behnen, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pamela A Behnen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Are you looking for deeper and lasting psychological development? As a certified Jungian Analyst, my work involves soul-building, connecting to your most authentic and alive self, centering on the search for meaning and purpose. Analysis can provide lasting change for those dealing with loss, transitions, anxiety, depression, as well as survivors of trauma. I have more than twenty years experience in dream work, mindfulness, and the creative process. I am a senior training analyst in the Inter-Regional Society of Jungian Analysts and the IAAP.
Are you looking for deeper and lasting psychological development? As a certified Jungian Analyst, my work involves soul-building, connecting to your most authentic and alive self, centering on the search for meaning and purpose. Analysis can provide lasting change for those dealing with loss, transitions, anxiety, depression, as well as survivors of trauma. I have more than twenty years experience in dream work, mindfulness, and the creative process. I am a senior training analyst in the Inter-Regional Society of Jungian Analysts and the IAAP.
(314) 238-8039 View (314) 238-8039
Photo of Eric Dean Lindhorst - Eric Lindhorst M.S.W., L.C.S.W., MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eric Lindhorst M.S.W., L.C.S.W.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I offer appointments from 4:30 pm to 9:30 pm to work with your schedule. I work to find the strengths people have within themselves. Individuals, couples, and families who are struggling with a variety of issues, including Anger, Depression, and Anxiety. Clients who benefit from my services appreciate my delicate sense of humor while confronting complex issues. The use of humor can be an uplifting experience in treatment.
I offer appointments from 4:30 pm to 9:30 pm to work with your schedule. I work to find the strengths people have within themselves. Individuals, couples, and families who are struggling with a variety of issues, including Anger, Depression, and Anxiety. Clients who benefit from my services appreciate my delicate sense of humor while confronting complex issues. The use of humor can be an uplifting experience in treatment.
(314) 394-8630 View (314) 394-8630
Photo of Mitch Edmondson, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mitch Edmondson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63109
If you are exploring the option of therapy, you may have already made attempts to improve your situation on your own. You may feel depressed, anxious or lack assertiveness. Though you desire to make a change, you may be skeptical about the idea of counseling. You may also feel that finding a therapist who listens without judgment and who balances honest feedback with empathy, is a confusing and difficult task. If this describes your situation, I hope that I might have the opportunity to speak with you about a practical strategy to bring about the change you desire.
If you are exploring the option of therapy, you may have already made attempts to improve your situation on your own. You may feel depressed, anxious or lack assertiveness. Though you desire to make a change, you may be skeptical about the idea of counseling. You may also feel that finding a therapist who listens without judgment and who balances honest feedback with empathy, is a confusing and difficult task. If this describes your situation, I hope that I might have the opportunity to speak with you about a practical strategy to bring about the change you desire.
(314) 222-2756 View (314) 222-2756
Photo of Melissa Weber, MS, NCC, CIT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Melissa Weber
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC, CIT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63123
Do you get tired of carrying the burden of your past on your shoulders? Do you wish for a future in which you can breathe freely and have a heart full of hope? I strive to create a safe and supportive environment to feel heard, understood, and valued.
Do you get tired of carrying the burden of your past on your shoulders? Do you wish for a future in which you can breathe freely and have a heart full of hope? I strive to create a safe and supportive environment to feel heard, understood, and valued.
(314) 350-4373 View (314) 350-4373
Photo of Danielle Endejan, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Danielle Endejan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
(314) 470-9169 View (314) 470-9169
Photo of Anthony F. Pickens, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anthony F. Pickens
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63112
I work with families and individuals ages 12 and up who are seeking support with daily life challenges related to emotional, relational, spiritual or career concerns.
I work with families and individuals ages 12 and up who are seeking support with daily life challenges related to emotional, relational, spiritual or career concerns.
(314) 912-3085 View (314) 912-3085
Photo of Abigail Green, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Abigail Green
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
I have 20 years of experience helping people of diverse backgrounds to navigate through difficult times in their lives. I listen carefully and work hard to understand how you feel. I have hope that people can overcome depression, calm anxiety, be transformed through grief, and find their peaceful center in the midst of over-stimulation and busyness. I have extensive experience in working with couples, individuals with chronic pain and autoimmune disorders, and PTSD/complex trauma. My goal is to create space for you to explore yourself, your relationship with others, and work towards living a life of greater pleasure and meaning.
I have 20 years of experience helping people of diverse backgrounds to navigate through difficult times in their lives. I listen carefully and work hard to understand how you feel. I have hope that people can overcome depression, calm anxiety, be transformed through grief, and find their peaceful center in the midst of over-stimulation and busyness. I have extensive experience in working with couples, individuals with chronic pain and autoimmune disorders, and PTSD/complex trauma. My goal is to create space for you to explore yourself, your relationship with others, and work towards living a life of greater pleasure and meaning.
(314) 730-9777 View (314) 730-9777

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.