Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Jane K Shure, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jane K Shure
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19119
I'm cofounder of The Resilience Group, nationally recognized for my expertise in bolstering resilience & self-confidence & in helping people break negative patterns to achieve positive change. My TEDx Talk, BOLSTER RESILIENCE, addresses fear-based thinking & offers strategies for building emotional courage & confidence. Named a “Top Doc for Women” by Philadelphia Magazine, I'm a published author on issues of shame, trauma, body-image, eating disorders & lead workshops on Strengthen an Inner Coach more Powerful than Your Inner Critic. For more see: http://theresiliencegroup.com/ http://huffingtonpost.com/jane-shure/
I'm cofounder of The Resilience Group, nationally recognized for my expertise in bolstering resilience & self-confidence & in helping people break negative patterns to achieve positive change. My TEDx Talk, BOLSTER RESILIENCE, addresses fear-based thinking & offers strategies for building emotional courage & confidence. Named a “Top Doc for Women” by Philadelphia Magazine, I'm a published author on issues of shame, trauma, body-image, eating disorders & lead workshops on Strengthen an Inner Coach more Powerful than Your Inner Critic. For more see: http://theresiliencegroup.com/ http://huffingtonpost.com/jane-shure/
(215) 995-1198 View (215) 995-1198
Photo of Marie Papalia, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marie Papalia
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
My goal as a therapist is to help you understand yourself better, enabling you to make healthier choices that will improve your life. I’m passionate about helping people gain insight into the unhelpful patterns, beliefs, and fears that hold them back and will collaborate with you to develop a plan to address your concerns that will challenge you to grow, yet meet you where you are today. My areas of expertise include Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Eating Disorders. I also frequently work with individuals experiencing depressive disorders, perfectionism, relationship issues, and grief.
My goal as a therapist is to help you understand yourself better, enabling you to make healthier choices that will improve your life. I’m passionate about helping people gain insight into the unhelpful patterns, beliefs, and fears that hold them back and will collaborate with you to develop a plan to address your concerns that will challenge you to grow, yet meet you where you are today. My areas of expertise include Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Eating Disorders. I also frequently work with individuals experiencing depressive disorders, perfectionism, relationship issues, and grief.
(267) 361-0304 View (267) 361-0304
Photo of Sharrie Williams, LPC Intern
Sharrie Williams
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19122  (Online Only)
The beauty about this life is we don't have to face it alone. I welcome the opportunity to build a strong therapeutic relationship to help reach your goals. You are more than your circumstances and you can create more joy in your life. I have experience helping clients with self-esteem, self-worth, anxiety and depression. I am culturally sensitive and understand how age, gender identity, race, disability and socioeconomic status impact our interactions with the world. I believe in identifying your strengths and making meaning of difficult situations.
The beauty about this life is we don't have to face it alone. I welcome the opportunity to build a strong therapeutic relationship to help reach your goals. You are more than your circumstances and you can create more joy in your life. I have experience helping clients with self-esteem, self-worth, anxiety and depression. I am culturally sensitive and understand how age, gender identity, race, disability and socioeconomic status impact our interactions with the world. I believe in identifying your strengths and making meaning of difficult situations.
(267) 641-3835 View (267) 641-3835
Photo of James Abiola, PsyD, Psychologist
James Abiola
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
My name is Dr. James Abiola, but I am affectionately known as Dr Jay by my clients and colleagues alike. I am a Licensed Psychologist with a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology. Together me and you will embark on a journey of health with the purpose of healing your mind, body, and soul to allow you to create the life that you deserve.
My name is Dr. James Abiola, but I am affectionately known as Dr Jay by my clients and colleagues alike. I am a Licensed Psychologist with a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology. Together me and you will embark on a journey of health with the purpose of healing your mind, body, and soul to allow you to create the life that you deserve.
(484) 246-7893 View (484) 246-7893
Photo of Laz Baum, LSW, MEd, Pre-Licensed Professional
Laz Baum
Pre-Licensed Professional, LSW, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I work mostly with queer/trans individuals & couples who want to deepen their relationships with themselves & each other. I enjoy accompanying folks in healing the internalized societal, generational & trauma-based patterns that have helped us survive, but limit our access to authenticity & intimacy. In relationship therapy, I help clients slow down interactions in order to get curious about their defenses, listen to their bodies, identify their needs, and learn what helps them access safety & build trust. I am fat positive, kink-friendly, ace-friendly & poly-friendly. I enjoy working with disabled & chronically ill folks.
I work mostly with queer/trans individuals & couples who want to deepen their relationships with themselves & each other. I enjoy accompanying folks in healing the internalized societal, generational & trauma-based patterns that have helped us survive, but limit our access to authenticity & intimacy. In relationship therapy, I help clients slow down interactions in order to get curious about their defenses, listen to their bodies, identify their needs, and learn what helps them access safety & build trust. I am fat positive, kink-friendly, ace-friendly & poly-friendly. I enjoy working with disabled & chronically ill folks.
(267) 551-5152 View (267) 551-5152
Photo of C Kenny Sims, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
C Kenny Sims
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
As your therapist, I am dedicated to hearing and understanding your unique experiences and engaging with you on a profound level to foster personal empowerment. By employing a blend of therapeutic techniques, I address your challenges and aspirations in a supportive and nurturing environment. With a commitment to honesty, integrity, and genuine care, I facilitate a journey of self-discovery and healing that honors your story. Together, we will navigate the path to inner peace and confidence, creating a transformative experience that empowers you to embrace and realize your fullest potential.
As your therapist, I am dedicated to hearing and understanding your unique experiences and engaging with you on a profound level to foster personal empowerment. By employing a blend of therapeutic techniques, I address your challenges and aspirations in a supportive and nurturing environment. With a commitment to honesty, integrity, and genuine care, I facilitate a journey of self-discovery and healing that honors your story. Together, we will navigate the path to inner peace and confidence, creating a transformative experience that empowers you to embrace and realize your fullest potential.
(484) 206-7260 View (484) 206-7260
Photo of L'Oréal Porçeia McCollum, LSW, MSW, MEd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
L'Oréal Porçeia McCollum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Some people move through life feeling disconnected, overwhelmed, or “out of body.” In my role, I hold space for them to process personal and/or intergenerational trauma so they can heal, connect with others, and live more freely. The people who resonate with my approach the most are soul searchers, creatives, and anyone looking to buck societal expectations. They might be exploring their sexuality, relationship with substances, or pieces of their identity they’ve been repressing. I also work with clients integrating experiences from meditation, breath work, psychedelic journeys, and other non-ordinary states of consciousness.
Some people move through life feeling disconnected, overwhelmed, or “out of body.” In my role, I hold space for them to process personal and/or intergenerational trauma so they can heal, connect with others, and live more freely. The people who resonate with my approach the most are soul searchers, creatives, and anyone looking to buck societal expectations. They might be exploring their sexuality, relationship with substances, or pieces of their identity they’ve been repressing. I also work with clients integrating experiences from meditation, breath work, psychedelic journeys, and other non-ordinary states of consciousness.
(267) 337-6541 View (267) 337-6541
Photo of Leilany Davila, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leilany Davila
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I treat Anxiety, depression, lack of self-acceptance, and grief problems. I help with the management of anxiety symptoms and depression, helping you to develop coping skills to manage your every day. I help clients identify and challenge cognitive distortions and replace them with positive affirmations. I will teach some mindfulness meditation to help you when anxious & help you obtain a better understanding of your mental health to cope with your emotions.
I treat Anxiety, depression, lack of self-acceptance, and grief problems. I help with the management of anxiety symptoms and depression, helping you to develop coping skills to manage your every day. I help clients identify and challenge cognitive distortions and replace them with positive affirmations. I will teach some mindfulness meditation to help you when anxious & help you obtain a better understanding of your mental health to cope with your emotions.
(267) 214-1204 View (267) 214-1204
Photo of Christina Calkins, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Christina Calkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
A patient presents with concerns regarding impulsive decision-making and wanting to change relationship patterns. She was recently diagnosed with postpartum after giving birth 30 days prior. She is currently in a relationship with the child's father and reports being unhappy with his parenting skills. She wants to go out on her own but is afraid he will separate her from the child. In therapy, she has clarified that she does not want to share with him at the child's young age.
A patient presents with concerns regarding impulsive decision-making and wanting to change relationship patterns. She was recently diagnosed with postpartum after giving birth 30 days prior. She is currently in a relationship with the child's father and reports being unhappy with his parenting skills. She wants to go out on her own but is afraid he will separate her from the child. In therapy, she has clarified that she does not want to share with him at the child's young age.
(267) 459-9737 View (267) 459-9737
Photo of Dominic Mangino, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dominic Mangino
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
As a therapist I am inquisitive, honest, and casual in my communication. Exploring new perspectives and challenging thought processes allows for establishing a foundation to support healthier relationships with ourselves and others. Through a collaborative approach, I will work with you to create a space to explore yourself further. In asking you to show up authentically and honestly, I promise to do the same. A focal point of the work I do is to highlight vulnerability and honest communication as the crux of any relationship. Together, we will process through personal or relational issues, anxiety, depression, and much more.
As a therapist I am inquisitive, honest, and casual in my communication. Exploring new perspectives and challenging thought processes allows for establishing a foundation to support healthier relationships with ourselves and others. Through a collaborative approach, I will work with you to create a space to explore yourself further. In asking you to show up authentically and honestly, I promise to do the same. A focal point of the work I do is to highlight vulnerability and honest communication as the crux of any relationship. Together, we will process through personal or relational issues, anxiety, depression, and much more.
(267) 500-9475 View (267) 500-9475
Photo of Zara Khan, LPC, Counselor
Zara Khan
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
Throughout my therapeutic training, I've engaged with diverse communities, including college students, first-generation college attendees, BIPOC individuals, and Asian Americans, within community mental health settings. Proficient in English, Urdu, and Pashto, I conduct therapy sessions in these languages. My approach emphasizes collaboration, focusing on nurturing healthy coping mechanisms and amplifying strengths to construct a personalized toolkit for use beyond therapy sessions.
Throughout my therapeutic training, I've engaged with diverse communities, including college students, first-generation college attendees, BIPOC individuals, and Asian Americans, within community mental health settings. Proficient in English, Urdu, and Pashto, I conduct therapy sessions in these languages. My approach emphasizes collaboration, focusing on nurturing healthy coping mechanisms and amplifying strengths to construct a personalized toolkit for use beyond therapy sessions.
(267) 729-8183 View (267) 729-8183
Photo of Anna Elisabeth Herman, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anna Elisabeth Herman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Somatic therapy for the sensitive soul, healing the root of trauma, anxiety, and relationship struggles. You can't relax or enjoy accomplishments, and you battle perfectionism and overthinking. You want to break patterns that trap you in undesired relationships and feel safe to be your true self. A negative voice in your head often says you're not doing enough, comparing you to others. Life may look "Instagram Perfect," but it lacks ease. Despite knowing self-compassion is key, frustration and self-doubt persist. I understand. Somatic therapy helped me shed heavy burdens. You are not “too much” and I promise there’s a gentler way.
Somatic therapy for the sensitive soul, healing the root of trauma, anxiety, and relationship struggles. You can't relax or enjoy accomplishments, and you battle perfectionism and overthinking. You want to break patterns that trap you in undesired relationships and feel safe to be your true self. A negative voice in your head often says you're not doing enough, comparing you to others. Life may look "Instagram Perfect," but it lacks ease. Despite knowing self-compassion is key, frustration and self-doubt persist. I understand. Somatic therapy helped me shed heavy burdens. You are not “too much” and I promise there’s a gentler way.
(267) 500-9130 View (267) 500-9130
Photo of Emily Cote, PsyD, Psychologist
Emily Cote
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Getting help can feel like a big step to take sometimes. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, ADHD, trauma, autism, LGBTQIA+ issues, or anything in between, I'd feel privileged to help you along this journey and meet you where you are. Psychological distress can impact both your internal world, and your relationships, so my goal is to help you understand this impact, and work together to reduce it, grow through it, and find a way to live a meaningful and value-aligned life despite any struggles that you're facing.
Getting help can feel like a big step to take sometimes. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, ADHD, trauma, autism, LGBTQIA+ issues, or anything in between, I'd feel privileged to help you along this journey and meet you where you are. Psychological distress can impact both your internal world, and your relationships, so my goal is to help you understand this impact, and work together to reduce it, grow through it, and find a way to live a meaningful and value-aligned life despite any struggles that you're facing.
(484) 616-2951 View (484) 616-2951
Photo of Kate Bennett, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kate Bennett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
With 25 years of experience in the field of mental health, I welcome the opportunity to partner with you in embracing your life's challenges. I believe that you have a compass within that can help you to self-direct and move out of any current and future strife. You can find your center, your own wisdom, and get unstuck! Let's work on it together.
With 25 years of experience in the field of mental health, I welcome the opportunity to partner with you in embracing your life's challenges. I believe that you have a compass within that can help you to self-direct and move out of any current and future strife. You can find your center, your own wisdom, and get unstuck! Let's work on it together.
(484) 749-1165 View (484) 749-1165
Photo of Augie Hermann, PhD, Psychologist
Augie Hermann
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Are you feeling anxious, depressed or overwhelmed? Struggling with your relationships? We humans are wired for connection. When life's experiences damage those connections, we end up depressed, anxious, angry & unhappy, often turning to unhealthy lifestyles including alcohol, food, drugs & overspending. We suffer & our relationships suffer. Therapy allows time for exploring these disconnections & learning new skills for connecting to ourselves, others & the world, so we can live the life we want. I can help you clarify & work productively with these issues, develop your strengths, & experience a greater overall sense of well-being.
Are you feeling anxious, depressed or overwhelmed? Struggling with your relationships? We humans are wired for connection. When life's experiences damage those connections, we end up depressed, anxious, angry & unhappy, often turning to unhealthy lifestyles including alcohol, food, drugs & overspending. We suffer & our relationships suffer. Therapy allows time for exploring these disconnections & learning new skills for connecting to ourselves, others & the world, so we can live the life we want. I can help you clarify & work productively with these issues, develop your strengths, & experience a greater overall sense of well-being.
(215) 352-4798 View (215) 352-4798
Photo of Janieth Celeste Burton, EdD, Psychologist
Janieth Celeste Burton
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19130
I have more than twenty five years of experience in psychological and educational assessment for children and adults. The focus of the practice includes children who need behavioral and school evaluations for Special Education, private school admission evaluations. Services are also available for adults who need therapy for mental health and adjustment issues, depression, anxiety, evaluations for college students needing accommodations, work or personal issues. Therapy and evaluations for adults 55 and older are also available. Cigna, Optum, United Health Care Insurances are accepted, as well as affordable fee for service payments.
I have more than twenty five years of experience in psychological and educational assessment for children and adults. The focus of the practice includes children who need behavioral and school evaluations for Special Education, private school admission evaluations. Services are also available for adults who need therapy for mental health and adjustment issues, depression, anxiety, evaluations for college students needing accommodations, work or personal issues. Therapy and evaluations for adults 55 and older are also available. Cigna, Optum, United Health Care Insurances are accepted, as well as affordable fee for service payments.
(267) 551-6411 View (267) 551-6411
Photo of Jorge Balverdi, LPC, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jorge Balverdi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
A good therapist will offer you the care and support that you need to work on what is keeping you from the life you want. My clients describe me as supportive and nonjudgmental and also warmly challenging. I have over 19 years of experience treating psychological distress and psychiatric conditions in culturally diverse groups. I have a wealth of experience treating young adults managing specific role transitions.
A good therapist will offer you the care and support that you need to work on what is keeping you from the life you want. My clients describe me as supportive and nonjudgmental and also warmly challenging. I have over 19 years of experience treating psychological distress and psychiatric conditions in culturally diverse groups. I have a wealth of experience treating young adults managing specific role transitions.
(267) 573-0541 View (267) 573-0541
Photo of Sophie Nathan, MSW, LCSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sophie Nathan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19119  (Online Only)
My goal is to help clients feel heard, supported and understood. Whether you are coming to therapy to navigate difficult life changes, in order to set healthy boundaries, for support in reframing your anxious thoughts, thinking through how your past family dynamics affect you or navigating your identity, I am here to offer encouraging guidance, direct engagement and nurturing support. Therapy is a collaborative process and I take a relational approach to support you in expressing yourself authentically, navigating change, reframing negative self talk, setting healthy boundaries and supporting you in enhancing the way you cope.
My goal is to help clients feel heard, supported and understood. Whether you are coming to therapy to navigate difficult life changes, in order to set healthy boundaries, for support in reframing your anxious thoughts, thinking through how your past family dynamics affect you or navigating your identity, I am here to offer encouraging guidance, direct engagement and nurturing support. Therapy is a collaborative process and I take a relational approach to support you in expressing yourself authentically, navigating change, reframing negative self talk, setting healthy boundaries and supporting you in enhancing the way you cope.
(856) 644-1253 View (856) 644-1253
Photo of Fifi Garrette-Lloyd - Expressions Therapy LLC, MFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Expressions Therapy LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19129
Are you experiencing anxiety or depression and in need of someone to talk to? Are you experiencing changes in your life that are overwhelming and stressful? Are you feeling inadequate or like you’ve lost hope in life or feeling down but can’t explain why? Are you having trouble in your relationships?
Are you experiencing anxiety or depression and in need of someone to talk to? Are you experiencing changes in your life that are overwhelming and stressful? Are you feeling inadequate or like you’ve lost hope in life or feeling down but can’t explain why? Are you having trouble in your relationships?
(215) 795-5187 View (215) 795-5187
Photo of Elana Rosof, PhD, Psychologist
Elana Rosof
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19109
I am an interactive psychologist and work hard to help my clients improve their lives. My work is a combination of exploration and action oriented treatment so that those I treat make real changes in their lives. I work with a variety of issues including problems related to relationships, work, depression, anxiety and addiction. Feel free to call, ask as many questions as you like, and get a sense of how it might be to work with me.
I am an interactive psychologist and work hard to help my clients improve their lives. My work is a combination of exploration and action oriented treatment so that those I treat make real changes in their lives. I work with a variety of issues including problems related to relationships, work, depression, anxiety and addiction. Feel free to call, ask as many questions as you like, and get a sense of how it might be to work with me.
(917) 725-4195 View (917) 725-4195
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
60% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

52% Online Only
48% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.