Therapists in Grand Rapids, MN

Photo of Janine A Hill, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Janine A Hill
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
In the last 24 years I have worked with clients who have sought to make changes in their lives. I have extensive experience in the areas of depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship issues and grief and loss. My passion is helping individuals, families and couples find ways which support the desired growth and change they are seeking. I focus on individual, couple or family strengths brought into sessions as a building place for the onset of healing and change to take place. My collaborative and straightforward approach with clients has empowered them to take needed steps to achieve their goals.
In the last 24 years I have worked with clients who have sought to make changes in their lives. I have extensive experience in the areas of depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship issues and grief and loss. My passion is helping individuals, families and couples find ways which support the desired growth and change they are seeking. I focus on individual, couple or family strengths brought into sessions as a building place for the onset of healing and change to take place. My collaborative and straightforward approach with clients has empowered them to take needed steps to achieve their goals.
(218) 228-0016 View (218) 228-0016
Photo of Linh Scally - Well, LICSW, LMFT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Well
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
Well was created with the purpose of helping individuals, couples, and families grow independently and as a whole.  We realize that life has its challenges and can sometimes feel overwhelming and unrelenting, which may leave us feeling hopeless.  Other times life may have us feeling stuck and needing someone to walk along side us as we seek understanding.  
Well was created with the purpose of helping individuals, couples, and families grow independently and as a whole.  We realize that life has its challenges and can sometimes feel overwhelming and unrelenting, which may leave us feeling hopeless.  Other times life may have us feeling stuck and needing someone to walk along side us as we seek understanding.  
(218) 322-1293 View (218) 322-1293
Photo of Kathryn ('katie') Pratt, MA, LPCC, LADC, Counselor
Kathryn ('katie') Pratt
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am licensed in Minnesota with 13 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with a wide variety of issues: stress and anxiety, depression, coping with addictions and recovery, relationship issues, & life transitions. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you!
I am licensed in Minnesota with 13 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with a wide variety of issues: stress and anxiety, depression, coping with addictions and recovery, relationship issues, & life transitions. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you!
(651) 299-6324 View (651) 299-6324
Photo of Krista A Mrozinski, MA, LMFT, IMH-E, Marriage & Family Therapist
Krista A Mrozinski
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, IMH-E
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
With 20+ years of experience working with children and their families, I believe every client deserves a safe, healing place to work through life's difficulties. I assist individuals, families and couples with creating opportunities and finding solutions in relationship with themselves and their support networks. As a result my holistic approach, strives to provide clients with proactive, integrative strategies to achieve overall mental well-being.
With 20+ years of experience working with children and their families, I believe every client deserves a safe, healing place to work through life's difficulties. I assist individuals, families and couples with creating opportunities and finding solutions in relationship with themselves and their support networks. As a result my holistic approach, strives to provide clients with proactive, integrative strategies to achieve overall mental well-being.
(651) 946-7755 View (651) 946-7755
Photo of Inner Fokus, Psychologist
Inner Fokus
Psychologist
Not Verified Not Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
More than just a way to capture attention, the spelling of Inner Fōkus also carries a personal meaning to the founders. The name is a nod to the German heritage shared by both Dr. Lori and Dr. Patrick, since “fōkus” is the correct spelling of “focus” in German. Our heritage, culture, and environment can have great impacts in shaping who we are. Our name, Inner Fōkus, also serves as a prominent reminder of the importance to occasionally break from current patterns and try new things.
More than just a way to capture attention, the spelling of Inner Fōkus also carries a personal meaning to the founders. The name is a nod to the German heritage shared by both Dr. Lori and Dr. Patrick, since “fōkus” is the correct spelling of “focus” in German. Our heritage, culture, and environment can have great impacts in shaping who we are. Our name, Inner Fōkus, also serves as a prominent reminder of the importance to occasionally break from current patterns and try new things.
(218) 485-3273 View (218) 485-3273
Photo of Andria Botzet, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andria Botzet
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MN 55744  (Online Only)
Relationships can be so stressful. Finding common ground on parenting or values/beliefs at times feels impossible. A negative spiral begins where you don’t talk as much…you shut down, you yell, or maybe you just give up and walk away. You might begin to feel anxious or depressed and don’t know what else you can do to make this better for you and your family. Learning to communicate effectively and finding balance in your relationship can take work. I can help you and/or your partner learn how to improve communication, balance home/work responsibilities, and strengthen parenting strategies.
Relationships can be so stressful. Finding common ground on parenting or values/beliefs at times feels impossible. A negative spiral begins where you don’t talk as much…you shut down, you yell, or maybe you just give up and walk away. You might begin to feel anxious or depressed and don’t know what else you can do to make this better for you and your family. Learning to communicate effectively and finding balance in your relationship can take work. I can help you and/or your partner learn how to improve communication, balance home/work responsibilities, and strengthen parenting strategies.
(612) 326-9575 View (612) 326-9575
Photo of Peter Jason Meilahn - Peter Meilahn, MA, LPCC, MA, LPCC
Peter Meilahn, MA, LPCC
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
My clients can change anxiety, ADHD, autism, or pain with live heart and brain feedback called biofeedback or neurofeedback in online visits. Clients control music volume on their phones with their calm attention levels with free biofeedback equipment I provide. It is easy mindfulness therapy for kids and adults. It is proven to work as well as medication for anxiety, ADHD, and pain. I have years of experience as a therapist, and have taught clinicians at The University of MN Medical Center and elsewhere. Insurance covers this service. To schedule a 20 minute call, click here: https://neurotherapy.intakeq.com/booking
My clients can change anxiety, ADHD, autism, or pain with live heart and brain feedback called biofeedback or neurofeedback in online visits. Clients control music volume on their phones with their calm attention levels with free biofeedback equipment I provide. It is easy mindfulness therapy for kids and adults. It is proven to work as well as medication for anxiety, ADHD, and pain. I have years of experience as a therapist, and have taught clinicians at The University of MN Medical Center and elsewhere. Insurance covers this service. To schedule a 20 minute call, click here: https://neurotherapy.intakeq.com/booking
(763) 334-6107 View (763) 334-6107
Photo of Andrea Dalzell, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Dalzell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
I focus on anxiety, depression, boundaries, and life transitions. I have experience working with those in crisis and engaging in self-injurious behaviors. My counseling style is warm and compassionate and I have a great deal of respect for those seeking change and the courage it takes to ask for help. I am an active and empathetic listener and will offer practical and evidence-based solutions to support you through your journey. I have experience working with children, teens, and adults.
I focus on anxiety, depression, boundaries, and life transitions. I have experience working with those in crisis and engaging in self-injurious behaviors. My counseling style is warm and compassionate and I have a great deal of respect for those seeking change and the courage it takes to ask for help. I am an active and empathetic listener and will offer practical and evidence-based solutions to support you through your journey. I have experience working with children, teens, and adults.
(218) 215-1173 View (218) 215-1173
Photo of Charlene Colwell, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charlene Colwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Primary Therapy approaches: IFS, ERP, and EMDR. I also provide consultation for OCD therapy providers. Do you feel anxious, stressed, perfectionistic, self critical, bothered by repetitive anxious thoughts or stuck in past painful memories and hurts? Do you want to learn how to experience more peace, calm, and clarity on the inside so you can live more authentically, confidently, and compassionately? When working together in therapy we will explore your personal goals as well as aim towards you having a better relationship with yourself to live a more harmonious and peaceful life.
Primary Therapy approaches: IFS, ERP, and EMDR. I also provide consultation for OCD therapy providers. Do you feel anxious, stressed, perfectionistic, self critical, bothered by repetitive anxious thoughts or stuck in past painful memories and hurts? Do you want to learn how to experience more peace, calm, and clarity on the inside so you can live more authentically, confidently, and compassionately? When working together in therapy we will explore your personal goals as well as aim towards you having a better relationship with yourself to live a more harmonious and peaceful life.
(218) 297-7679 View (218) 297-7679
Photo of Stacy Marie Englund - Whistling Pines Counseling PLLC, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Whistling Pines Counseling PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
I have a passion for what I do and enjoy working with clients of all ages and a variety of diagnosis and challenges. I am passionate about working with families, children and women with various challenges, as well as men who are struggling with anger, depression, identity, low self esteem, and anxiety. Whistling Pines Counseling's motto and goal is 'Working towards a better you'
I have a passion for what I do and enjoy working with clients of all ages and a variety of diagnosis and challenges. I am passionate about working with families, children and women with various challenges, as well as men who are struggling with anger, depression, identity, low self esteem, and anxiety. Whistling Pines Counseling's motto and goal is 'Working towards a better you'
(218) 752-5984 View (218) 752-5984
Photo of Abigail Amundson, MA, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Abigail Amundson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MN 55744  (Online Only)
Panic? Anxiety? Obsessions/compulsions? It's time to change your thoughts and start living again. It is my hope that we can build a foundation of trust to begin to get to the root of any emotional turmoil you may be feeling. I can be here to help you with any short term or long term problems you may be facing. Life transitions, anxiety, depression, or obsessed thoughts can be managed with the right understanding of your cognitive processes. Through therapy it is my belief that you can weather the struggles of life and grow stronger. If you want to learn more about my practice check out my website: www.cadenzacounselingplc.com
Panic? Anxiety? Obsessions/compulsions? It's time to change your thoughts and start living again. It is my hope that we can build a foundation of trust to begin to get to the root of any emotional turmoil you may be feeling. I can be here to help you with any short term or long term problems you may be facing. Life transitions, anxiety, depression, or obsessed thoughts can be managed with the right understanding of your cognitive processes. Through therapy it is my belief that you can weather the struggles of life and grow stronger. If you want to learn more about my practice check out my website: www.cadenzacounselingplc.com
(612) 324-6437 View (612) 324-6437
Photo of Maureen Lee Sheehan Erickson-Robertshaw, MSW, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maureen Lee Sheehan Erickson-Robertshaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MN 55744
(218) 450-0448 View (218) 450-0448

Online Therapists

Photo of Rachel G Ashford, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel G Ashford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55804
I love working with teens and adults who are looking to make positive changes in their lives and are ready to heal from a variety of issues, including trauma exposure, PTSD, depression, anxiety, or family and relational issues. I think the relationship between therapist and client is the basis for healing and progress in therapy.
I love working with teens and adults who are looking to make positive changes in their lives and are ready to heal from a variety of issues, including trauma exposure, PTSD, depression, anxiety, or family and relational issues. I think the relationship between therapist and client is the basis for healing and progress in therapy.
(218) 228-3140 View (218) 228-3140
Photo of Anna Chock - Sterling Road Counseling & Consulting, MEd, LPCC, Counselor
Sterling Road Counseling & Consulting
Counselor, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Solway, MN 56678
Hello, and welcome to Sterling Road Counseling! I believe that everyone deserves a life worth living; a broad, full, and vibrant human experience that is defined by you. We all carry pieces from our past; navigating life while trying to process can be challenging. I’m here to fully lean into your needs and offer evidence-based, person-centered care that strives to get to the root of what you want resolved. Taking the steps can be overwhelming, we will go at your pace. I am excited to work with you!
Hello, and welcome to Sterling Road Counseling! I believe that everyone deserves a life worth living; a broad, full, and vibrant human experience that is defined by you. We all carry pieces from our past; navigating life while trying to process can be challenging. I’m here to fully lean into your needs and offer evidence-based, person-centered care that strives to get to the root of what you want resolved. Taking the steps can be overwhelming, we will go at your pace. I am excited to work with you!
(218) 250-8345 View (218) 250-8345
Photo of Deb Semmelroth, DNP, MSW, LICSW, CT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deb Semmelroth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DNP, MSW, LICSW, CT
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55805
Are you experiencing overwhelming grief after the death of a loved one- feeling lost and confused, overloaded with a gamut of emotions ranging from sadness to anger, bewildered and have difficulty thinking, wondering how to get through each day without your loved one, energy level so low you have difficulty getting out of bed, working is a challenge or maybe is preferred for an escape. You are torn whether to process the loss or to hide it- either one creates anxiety and pain. The trauma of loss can affect each of us so differently!
Are you experiencing overwhelming grief after the death of a loved one- feeling lost and confused, overloaded with a gamut of emotions ranging from sadness to anger, bewildered and have difficulty thinking, wondering how to get through each day without your loved one, energy level so low you have difficulty getting out of bed, working is a challenge or maybe is preferred for an escape. You are torn whether to process the loss or to hide it- either one creates anxiety and pain. The trauma of loss can affect each of us so differently!
(218) 440-8118 View (218) 440-8118
Photo of Violet Marie Scheibel, MS, LPCC, LADC
Violet Marie Scheibel
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Brainerd, MN 56401  (Online Only)
I earned my master's degree in Co-occurring Recovery Disorders Counseling from Metropolitan State University in St. Paul, MN, in 2021. Shortly after, I relocated to the Brainerd, MN area to embrace a closer connection with family and nature. As a dually licensed professional in Minnesota, I hold credentials as both a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) and a Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor (LADC). I see therapy as a collaborative journey, where you are in the driver’s seat and I’m here in the passenger seat to help navigate. This is your journey, and we will only explore paths that align with your goals.
I earned my master's degree in Co-occurring Recovery Disorders Counseling from Metropolitan State University in St. Paul, MN, in 2021. Shortly after, I relocated to the Brainerd, MN area to embrace a closer connection with family and nature. As a dually licensed professional in Minnesota, I hold credentials as both a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) and a Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor (LADC). I see therapy as a collaborative journey, where you are in the driver’s seat and I’m here in the passenger seat to help navigate. This is your journey, and we will only explore paths that align with your goals.
View
Photo of Marmie Pauline Jotter - Kind Mind Counseling Center, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kind Mind Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Hibbing, MN 55746
Kind Mind reserves the right to be exceptionally kind ​regardless of gender, age, race, religion, ethnicity, past actions, political outlook, sexual orientation, social status, class, appearance, language, or occupation. Kind Mind Center believes in the innate ability of all people to reach their fullest potential as a creative, compassionate, and conscious being. Kind Mind Center provides dedicated and professional integrative health, mental health & substance abuse therapeutic services with a person-centered professional approach, serving all people, from all walks of life, with compassion, dignity & respect.
Kind Mind reserves the right to be exceptionally kind ​regardless of gender, age, race, religion, ethnicity, past actions, political outlook, sexual orientation, social status, class, appearance, language, or occupation. Kind Mind Center believes in the innate ability of all people to reach their fullest potential as a creative, compassionate, and conscious being. Kind Mind Center provides dedicated and professional integrative health, mental health & substance abuse therapeutic services with a person-centered professional approach, serving all people, from all walks of life, with compassion, dignity & respect.
(218) 748-8750 View (218) 748-8750
Photo of Mara Stommes, LPCC, Counselor
Mara Stommes
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802  (Online Only)
I find that we seek out therapy when what has worked is no longer working and we are feeling stuck, which calls us to understand ourselves differently and move towards change. While change can be uncertain, therapy can offer a deeper understanding of your authentic self and what you need. I have a particular interest in working with individuals experiencing life transitions such as academic and career change, family of origin transitions, family changes, grief and loss, interpersonal distress, trauma and relational concerns. I'm passionate about connecting with teens and adults of all backgrounds and identities.
I find that we seek out therapy when what has worked is no longer working and we are feeling stuck, which calls us to understand ourselves differently and move towards change. While change can be uncertain, therapy can offer a deeper understanding of your authentic self and what you need. I have a particular interest in working with individuals experiencing life transitions such as academic and career change, family of origin transitions, family changes, grief and loss, interpersonal distress, trauma and relational concerns. I'm passionate about connecting with teens and adults of all backgrounds and identities.
(218) 392-9055 View (218) 392-9055
Photo of Katie Erickson, MA, LPCC, NBCC, Counselor
Katie Erickson
Counselor, MA, LPCC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
(218) 321-4661 View (218) 321-4661
Photo of Andrea Ellen Mousel, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andrea Ellen Mousel
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55812
Andrea Mousel has a Master’s degree in psychotherapy and counseling from Adler Graduate School. She is licensed as a mental health professional in the state of Minnesota as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (license number 2013). She completed over 90 hours of clinical hypnosis through the Minnesota Society of Clinical Hypnosis and is trained in EMDR I and II. She is also certified in the State of Minnesota as a gambling treatment provider. Andrea Mousel has been in private practice since 2010 and has over 13 years' experience.
Andrea Mousel has a Master’s degree in psychotherapy and counseling from Adler Graduate School. She is licensed as a mental health professional in the state of Minnesota as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (license number 2013). She completed over 90 hours of clinical hypnosis through the Minnesota Society of Clinical Hypnosis and is trained in EMDR I and II. She is also certified in the State of Minnesota as a gambling treatment provider. Andrea Mousel has been in private practice since 2010 and has over 13 years' experience.
(218) 366-9833 x101 View (218) 366-9833 x101

See more therapy options for Grand Rapids

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Grand Rapids, MN

10+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Grand Rapids, MN who prioritize treating:

83% Anxiety
75% Depression
67% Grief
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% UCare
100% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in Grand Rapids, MN see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Grand Rapids?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.