Photo of Sunshine Finneran - Therigatha Center for Psychotherapy LLC, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Therigatha Center for Psychotherapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tariffville, CT 06081
Therigatha Center for Psychotherapy (TCP) serves primarily adult women between the ages of 18 and 65 healing from interpersonal trauma such as physical, emotional and sexual abuse and neglect, along with medical trauma. Trauma can manifest itself in anxiety, depression, problems with sleep, interpersonal relationship difficulties, and intimacy and somatic complaints (to name a few). TCP offers trauma treatment that is gentle, thoughtful, and based in neurobiological research highlighting the mind-body connection, offering hope and healing to those who struggle with trauma-related issues.
Therigatha Center for Psychotherapy (TCP) serves primarily adult women between the ages of 18 and 65 healing from interpersonal trauma such as physical, emotional and sexual abuse and neglect, along with medical trauma. Trauma can manifest itself in anxiety, depression, problems with sleep, interpersonal relationship difficulties, and intimacy and somatic complaints (to name a few). TCP offers trauma treatment that is gentle, thoughtful, and based in neurobiological research highlighting the mind-body connection, offering hope and healing to those who struggle with trauma-related issues.
(959) 666-6231 View (959) 666-6231

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Natasha Barrett Lcsw Licsw Adhd Ccsp @ Eagle Feather Psychotherapy, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, ADHD, CCSP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Natasha Barrett Lcsw Licsw Adhd Ccsp @ Eagle Feather Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, ADHD, CCSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hartford, CT 06117
Natasha Barrett, is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW in Connecticut) and Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW in Massachusetts). She is Founder/Owner, of Eagle Feather Psychotherapy & has over 10 years of experience as a professional clinical therapist. She understands that helping women learn how to manage their symptoms with support, helps them function at their best, in their healing journey. She helps individuals who seek positive change in their life, learn to become healthier & more empowered. She is a creative, warm, supportive clinical therapist & her goal is to help patients thrive and achieve balance.
Natasha Barrett, is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW in Connecticut) and Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW in Massachusetts). She is Founder/Owner, of Eagle Feather Psychotherapy & has over 10 years of experience as a professional clinical therapist. She understands that helping women learn how to manage their symptoms with support, helps them function at their best, in their healing journey. She helps individuals who seek positive change in their life, learn to become healthier & more empowered. She is a creative, warm, supportive clinical therapist & her goal is to help patients thrive and achieve balance.
(860) 735-3572 View (860) 735-3572

Online Therapists

Photo of Bruno Zimmerman, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Bruno Zimmerman
Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Cheshire, CT 06410
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am deeply committed and passionate about providing support and a safe space for individuals within the LGBTQIA+, ethically non-monogamous, and BDSM/kink communities. I also specialize in supporting individuals with relationship issues, communication skills, anxiety, mindfulness techniques, self worth, and confidence building. I strongly believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience and that each individual is unique. Together we will co-create a therapy experience that is tailored to your needs and will empower you to be your most authentic, fulfilled, and favorite self.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am deeply committed and passionate about providing support and a safe space for individuals within the LGBTQIA+, ethically non-monogamous, and BDSM/kink communities. I also specialize in supporting individuals with relationship issues, communication skills, anxiety, mindfulness techniques, self worth, and confidence building. I strongly believe that therapy should be a collaborative experience and that each individual is unique. Together we will co-create a therapy experience that is tailored to your needs and will empower you to be your most authentic, fulfilled, and favorite self.
(475) 255-7766 View (475) 255-7766
Photo of Michelle L. Caruso, LPC, MS ProC, MA SpEd, CH, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michelle L. Caruso
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS ProC, MA SpEd, CH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ridgefield, CT 06877
Relationship is critical in shifting our perception of ourself and others. After years of training and varied professional and life experiences, I have created an integrative approach where you can feel seen and heard as your relationship with yourself and others (and perhaps your thoughts) changes. My clinical approach infuses mindfulness, somatics, behaviorism, developmental attachment theory, neuroscience, and compassion to promote increased clarity and fulfillment.
Relationship is critical in shifting our perception of ourself and others. After years of training and varied professional and life experiences, I have created an integrative approach where you can feel seen and heard as your relationship with yourself and others (and perhaps your thoughts) changes. My clinical approach infuses mindfulness, somatics, behaviorism, developmental attachment theory, neuroscience, and compassion to promote increased clarity and fulfillment.
(203) 896-8888 View (203) 896-8888
Photo of Nina Sutton, MA, LPCA
Nina Sutton
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
East Haven, CT 06513
If someone asks you how you think you’re doing in your life, what would you say? We may see signs that our life has gotten off course. Sometimes, others share their concerns for us, but we believe we can manage it ourselves. I meet each client where they are on their journey. Some have endured a difficult past or ongoing stress. Others have been through a traumatic event such as an accident, or the loss of a loved one through death or a break-up. Often, we don't recognize the impact of emotional toll, disguised as anxiety or other symptoms. My work helps you to connect the dots, providing support as you (re)build your best life.
If someone asks you how you think you’re doing in your life, what would you say? We may see signs that our life has gotten off course. Sometimes, others share their concerns for us, but we believe we can manage it ourselves. I meet each client where they are on their journey. Some have endured a difficult past or ongoing stress. Others have been through a traumatic event such as an accident, or the loss of a loved one through death or a break-up. Often, we don't recognize the impact of emotional toll, disguised as anxiety or other symptoms. My work helps you to connect the dots, providing support as you (re)build your best life.
(475) 271-1764 View (475) 271-1764
Photo of Smith Kidkarndee, PsyD, HSP, Psychologist
Smith Kidkarndee
Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Glastonbury, CT 06033
I am a licensed clinical psychologist (LCP) who is collaborative, compassionate, and action-oriented. I have a great deal of experience in providing treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia), Health Anxiety, and Occupational Stress. I am an integrative clinician with training in various cognitive-behavioral therapies such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-based CBT (MB-CBT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I'm also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR - Certified) and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
I am a licensed clinical psychologist (LCP) who is collaborative, compassionate, and action-oriented. I have a great deal of experience in providing treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia), Health Anxiety, and Occupational Stress. I am an integrative clinician with training in various cognitive-behavioral therapies such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-based CBT (MB-CBT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I'm also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR - Certified) and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
(959) 335-0070 View (959) 335-0070
Photo of Dorota M Chipman, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dorota M Chipman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824  (Online Only)
In a caring and supportive environment, you can explore your internal and external landscape .... at your pace and in your way. My role is to help you reconnect with your source of strength and resilience. I am dedicated to empowering you to navigate the demands of today's complex reality. Life presents us with tough challenges, and we do not have to "go it alone". I will work with you to identify and utilize your core strengths and resilience, bringing you closer to living the life you want. We will create a roadmap and tools so you can reach your desired destination.
In a caring and supportive environment, you can explore your internal and external landscape .... at your pace and in your way. My role is to help you reconnect with your source of strength and resilience. I am dedicated to empowering you to navigate the demands of today's complex reality. Life presents us with tough challenges, and we do not have to "go it alone". I will work with you to identify and utilize your core strengths and resilience, bringing you closer to living the life you want. We will create a roadmap and tools so you can reach your desired destination.
(203) 916-0979 View (203) 916-0979
Photo of Carly Michelle Nasser, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carly Michelle Nasser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Waterford, CT 06385
I am enlivened by guiding others on their journey to greater peace and joy in this world where it is easy to be bogged down by suffering and negative energy. As isolation grows, communication and relationships suffer. We and our children become anxious, depressed, turn to negative coping methods whether it is unhealthy relationships, substances, food, excessive exercise, overworking, or a myriad of other behaviors to not have to feel our feelings. What if we make the changes that need to be made. Accept the things that cannot be changed and find peace in the process.
I am enlivened by guiding others on their journey to greater peace and joy in this world where it is easy to be bogged down by suffering and negative energy. As isolation grows, communication and relationships suffer. We and our children become anxious, depressed, turn to negative coping methods whether it is unhealthy relationships, substances, food, excessive exercise, overworking, or a myriad of other behaviors to not have to feel our feelings. What if we make the changes that need to be made. Accept the things that cannot be changed and find peace in the process.
(860) 300-2982 View (860) 300-2982
Photo of Bradley Roth, MA, LMFT, CMA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bradley Roth
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CMA
Verified Verified
Milford, CT 06460
I help clients to reduce anxiety and depression and other mental health symptoms, and to recognize their responsibility and creative power in the systems/groups they participate in: family of origin, friend group, couple, chosen family, work, religious, and societal. Counseling sessions are a journey into the present moment, with time and opportunity to sense, feel, notice thoughts, and recognize patterns. Clients and couples make confident and clear-minded choices going forward, respecting both pain/isolation and potential. The outcome is purposeful, ethical living, and the realization of their wise and compassionate nature.
I help clients to reduce anxiety and depression and other mental health symptoms, and to recognize their responsibility and creative power in the systems/groups they participate in: family of origin, friend group, couple, chosen family, work, religious, and societal. Counseling sessions are a journey into the present moment, with time and opportunity to sense, feel, notice thoughts, and recognize patterns. Clients and couples make confident and clear-minded choices going forward, respecting both pain/isolation and potential. The outcome is purposeful, ethical living, and the realization of their wise and compassionate nature.
(203) 587-4842 View (203) 587-4842
Photo of Vera Alice de Toledo-Powell, MA, NCC, LPC, LCPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vera Alice de Toledo-Powell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06902
My mission is to provide compassionate counseling that instills hope, provides tools to cope with life challenges, builds resilience; promotes mental health and well-being that will positively affect your life. Therapy is a process of growth and self-discovery. It is through our therapeutic alliance that we will travel together into a journey to optimal mental health and behavioral changes.
My mission is to provide compassionate counseling that instills hope, provides tools to cope with life challenges, builds resilience; promotes mental health and well-being that will positively affect your life. Therapy is a process of growth and self-discovery. It is through our therapeutic alliance that we will travel together into a journey to optimal mental health and behavioral changes.
(203) 826-2570 View (203) 826-2570
Photo of Chelsea Barabtarlo, MA, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Chelsea Barabtarlo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oxford, CT 06478
Waitlist for new clients
My counseling style is warm, empathetic, motivational and collaborative using a strength-based approach. I view client difficulties through a systemic lens, integrating information from all areas of life. I help clients work through a variety of issues, such as but not limited to anxiety, PTSD, depression, grief, anger, and relational challenges.
My counseling style is warm, empathetic, motivational and collaborative using a strength-based approach. I view client difficulties through a systemic lens, integrating information from all areas of life. I help clients work through a variety of issues, such as but not limited to anxiety, PTSD, depression, grief, anger, and relational challenges.
(475) 471-0334 View (475) 471-0334
Photo of Helene Morneau, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Helene Morneau
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Wallingford, CT 06492
Choosing me as your therapist means embarking on a journey toward creating your best life. In our sessions, my goal is for you to feel heard, supported, and validated. Together, we will navigate through your depression, anxiety, and grief, transforming these challenges into stepping stones toward a meaningful existence. Through practical strategies and compassionate guidance, we'll identify and dismantle the obstacles holding you back. Our collaborative efforts will build your confidence, empowering you to achieve your goals and attain emotional well-being through effective, short-term therapy with long-lasting results.
Choosing me as your therapist means embarking on a journey toward creating your best life. In our sessions, my goal is for you to feel heard, supported, and validated. Together, we will navigate through your depression, anxiety, and grief, transforming these challenges into stepping stones toward a meaningful existence. Through practical strategies and compassionate guidance, we'll identify and dismantle the obstacles holding you back. Our collaborative efforts will build your confidence, empowering you to achieve your goals and attain emotional well-being through effective, short-term therapy with long-lasting results.
(475) 348-7495 View (475) 348-7495
Photo of Steven Mahoney, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steven Mahoney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
North Haven, CT 06473
Waitlist for new clients
Do you have a core sense that you aren't good enough or that you don't quite feel whole? Maybe you have tried therapy, mindfulness, or read self-help books in the past. Nonetheless, you continue feeling anxious, tense, on edge, or worried as to how you can keep this up for another day, just barely holding it all together enough to get by. Maybe you have conflict in your relationships, problems at work, or a great sense of inner turmoil. The truth is, it doesn't have to be that way.
Do you have a core sense that you aren't good enough or that you don't quite feel whole? Maybe you have tried therapy, mindfulness, or read self-help books in the past. Nonetheless, you continue feeling anxious, tense, on edge, or worried as to how you can keep this up for another day, just barely holding it all together enough to get by. Maybe you have conflict in your relationships, problems at work, or a great sense of inner turmoil. The truth is, it doesn't have to be that way.
(475) 283-9938 View (475) 283-9938
Photo of Barbara J Fasulo, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Barbara J Fasulo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cromwell, CT 06416
I use a person-centered strengths-based holistic approach to assist clients in managing life stressors and regain control of life. My mission is to provide comprehensive psychotherapy utilizing a nurturing, trusting, and empathetic professional relationship and environment. I worked 14 years in the Department of Integrative Medicine at Saint Francis Hospital. My roles included working with patients, member of Connecticut Military Coalition, and the Connecticut Suicide Advisory Board. I have worked with individuals experiencing chronic physical and mental illnesses. My goal is to assist others in having their best possible life.
I use a person-centered strengths-based holistic approach to assist clients in managing life stressors and regain control of life. My mission is to provide comprehensive psychotherapy utilizing a nurturing, trusting, and empathetic professional relationship and environment. I worked 14 years in the Department of Integrative Medicine at Saint Francis Hospital. My roles included working with patients, member of Connecticut Military Coalition, and the Connecticut Suicide Advisory Board. I have worked with individuals experiencing chronic physical and mental illnesses. My goal is to assist others in having their best possible life.
(860) 530-2236 View (860) 530-2236
Photo of Michael S. Harris, PhD, MDiv, LMFT-A, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Michael S. Harris
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, PhD, MDiv, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
Oxford, CT 06478
My ideal client seeks to navigate life's complexities with a deeper understanding of self and relationships, aiming for emotional well-being and personal fulfillment.
My ideal client seeks to navigate life's complexities with a deeper understanding of self and relationships, aiming for emotional well-being and personal fulfillment.
(475) 244-7745 View (475) 244-7745
Photo of Traci G Hodes, PhD, Psychologist
Traci G Hodes
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CT 06854  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I've worked as a psychologist for 30 years. Currently, within my practice, I see individuals from 18 years on. I use an eclectic approach built on developing the therapist-client relationship first and moving forward from there. Particular areas include anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, & gender identity. The work is informed from a mindfulness stance, cultivating strength through gaining an understanding of how the mind/body/heart influence feelings and behaviors. We explore the many, varied parts of self through guided practices, conversation, contemplation, and through EMDR.
I've worked as a psychologist for 30 years. Currently, within my practice, I see individuals from 18 years on. I use an eclectic approach built on developing the therapist-client relationship first and moving forward from there. Particular areas include anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, & gender identity. The work is informed from a mindfulness stance, cultivating strength through gaining an understanding of how the mind/body/heart influence feelings and behaviors. We explore the many, varied parts of self through guided practices, conversation, contemplation, and through EMDR.
(203) 936-6593 View (203) 936-6593
Photo of Len L Wysocki, MA, PhD, LP, LLC, Psychologist
Len L Wysocki
Psychologist, MA, PhD, LP, LLC
Verified Verified
Stratford, CT 06615
IN My practice i focuse on Adults and Adolescents who struggle with change, career/personal identity, work/life balance, and intimate relationships.I engage with them on a platform of mutual trust, build meaningful goals and attainable behaviors to enrich their personal and professional lives. My 30 years of professional coaching and therapy experience included work in addiction, depression, panic disorders and interpersonal relationship management both on a personal and business level. I use my clinical training and emotional intelligence skills to help people help themselves. I use a combination of CBT and REBT I am certified
IN My practice i focuse on Adults and Adolescents who struggle with change, career/personal identity, work/life balance, and intimate relationships.I engage with them on a platform of mutual trust, build meaningful goals and attainable behaviors to enrich their personal and professional lives. My 30 years of professional coaching and therapy experience included work in addiction, depression, panic disorders and interpersonal relationship management both on a personal and business level. I use my clinical training and emotional intelligence skills to help people help themselves. I use a combination of CBT and REBT I am certified
(860) 308-1592 View (860) 308-1592
Photo of Phuong Do - New Path Counseling LLC, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
New Path Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Enfield, CT 06082
Welcome to New Path Counseling! We are accepting new clients. We have in-office and Telehealth appointment availabilities. You can schedule your appointment by clicking on our website link. We have clinicians who are licensed in the state of MA, CT, and RI. Life is full of challenges and unpredictable, we can’t always mitigate or control these; the key is to be aware of our maladaptive behaviors and build strength by enhancing our awareness and creating a new path for ourselves, family, and/or couple. We understand that not everyone can heal and cope the same way.
Welcome to New Path Counseling! We are accepting new clients. We have in-office and Telehealth appointment availabilities. You can schedule your appointment by clicking on our website link. We have clinicians who are licensed in the state of MA, CT, and RI. Life is full of challenges and unpredictable, we can’t always mitigate or control these; the key is to be aware of our maladaptive behaviors and build strength by enhancing our awareness and creating a new path for ourselves, family, and/or couple. We understand that not everyone can heal and cope the same way.
(860) 775-6447 View (860) 775-6447
Photo of Kim Andrews, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kim Andrews
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Manchester, CT 06042
Is life overwhelming? Are you feeling stuck figuring out how to transition through life situations in a healthy manner? I believe creating a life that is meaningful comes from integrating the mind, body, spirit, focusing on the whole person. I enjoy working with adults and adolescents to manage stress related to life events, life transitions, finding your life purpose and creating meaning in your life. I strive to provide a safe and nonjudgemental environment for you to discover and understand what is holding you back from living a more genuine and authentic life that you want. Above all I believe that you design your life.
Is life overwhelming? Are you feeling stuck figuring out how to transition through life situations in a healthy manner? I believe creating a life that is meaningful comes from integrating the mind, body, spirit, focusing on the whole person. I enjoy working with adults and adolescents to manage stress related to life events, life transitions, finding your life purpose and creating meaning in your life. I strive to provide a safe and nonjudgemental environment for you to discover and understand what is holding you back from living a more genuine and authentic life that you want. Above all I believe that you design your life.
(860) 724-2520 View (860) 724-2520
Photo of Jill Elizabeth Millea, MA, NCC, LPC, CPDT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jill Elizabeth Millea
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, CPDT
Verified Verified
Norwich, CT 06360
Please go to my web site www.jillemilleatherapist.com for a more complete introduction. I am a welcoming therapist with over 25 years working with people suffering from anxiety, depression, stage of life issues, and addictions. I support both men and women as young as 18 through maturity. My goal with every individual is to listen carefully to your concerns and needs, to help you sort out your priorities and values and to support the development of your beliefs, attitudes and behaviors aligned with your most authentic self.
Please go to my web site www.jillemilleatherapist.com for a more complete introduction. I am a welcoming therapist with over 25 years working with people suffering from anxiety, depression, stage of life issues, and addictions. I support both men and women as young as 18 through maturity. My goal with every individual is to listen carefully to your concerns and needs, to help you sort out your priorities and values and to support the development of your beliefs, attitudes and behaviors aligned with your most authentic self.
(860) 215-6648 View (860) 215-6648

See more therapy options for Tariffville

Buddhist Therapists

Is buddhism beneficial for mental health?

While Buddhism itself is not a treatment for mental health conditions, its practices can greatly enhance mental well-being by introducing coping skills and ideas that promote overall wellness. Key Buddhist practices, such as mindfulness, have been shown to alleviate symptoms of various mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, addiction, and trauma. Moreover, Buddhism's focus on self-compassion, non-judgment, and acceptance can benefit individuals with particularly negative or self-critical thought patterns.

What are the concepts and principles of buddhism as a therapeutic approach?

Core Buddhist principles are often used in therapy to help clients gain insight into their thoughts and emotions. Concepts such as suffering (dukkha) and impermanence (anicca) are applied to help clients recognize that common forms of suffering, like repetitive negative thought patterns, can be accepted and viewed as impermanent. The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path are additional core concepts utilized frequently in Buddhist therapy sessions. The Four Noble Truths highlight the existence of suffering as an inherent part of the human experience—an insight frequently used to move clients toward greater acceptance. The Eightfold Path, which includes right understanding, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right concentration, and right mindfulness, offers practical skills to alleviate suffering.

What is the buddhist approach and practice during a therapy session?

Therapists informed by Buddhist principles often integrate mindfulness and meditation practices into therapy sessions to help clients cultivate greater acceptance, compassion, and non-judgment toward themselves and others. Typically, Buddhist therapists guide clients through mindfulness exercises, such as breathing exercises or body scans, and encourage them to practice similar exercises outside of sessions. Additionally, many Buddhist therapists utilize elements of Positive Psychology or Compassion-Focused Therapy, which can help reduce symptoms of self-criticism and shame common among clients with various mental health conditions. In general, Buddhist therapists strive to embody the compassion and non-judgmental approach they promote, often incorporating exercises aimed at developing compassion in session, such as loving-kindness meditation (Metta).

Is mindfulness the same as buddhism in the context of therapy?

While Buddhist therapists frequently integrate mindfulness practices into therapy sessions, the terms mindfulness and Buddhism are not synonymous in the context of therapy. Therapists may use mindfulness techniques, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), without identifying as a Buddhist therapist. In contrast, those practicing within a Buddhist belief framework typically encourage mindfulness therapies, in addition to foundational Buddhist beliefs, such as the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. These therapists may also guide clients toward a deeper understanding of Buddhist philosophy, unlike those who use Buddhist mindfulness principles without the broader spiritual context.