Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Lauren Brennan, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Brennan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Please email to schedule consultation call! As a therapist, I strive to create a supportive and nonjudgmental space where we are able to identify problems that are interfering with your ability to live your best life and work towards change that is important to you and in line with what you value.
Please email to schedule consultation call! As a therapist, I strive to create a supportive and nonjudgmental space where we are able to identify problems that are interfering with your ability to live your best life and work towards change that is important to you and in line with what you value.
(612) 416-0844 View (612) 416-0844
Photo of Jocelyn Thoemke, MEd, MA, LMFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jocelyn Thoemke
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, MA, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406
Jocelyn is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Board-Certified Art Therapist with 13 years of experience supporting clients through talk and art therapy. Her practice is focused on working with individuals who identify as neurodivergent and seek support exploring this as well as those seeking support with challenges like sensory processing differences, self-esteem, general anxiety, social anxiety, depression, and difficulty with social relationships. Jocelyn will support you in harnessing your creativity to feel more empowered, confident, to find more ease in life.
Jocelyn is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Board-Certified Art Therapist with 13 years of experience supporting clients through talk and art therapy. Her practice is focused on working with individuals who identify as neurodivergent and seek support exploring this as well as those seeking support with challenges like sensory processing differences, self-esteem, general anxiety, social anxiety, depression, and difficulty with social relationships. Jocelyn will support you in harnessing your creativity to feel more empowered, confident, to find more ease in life.
(612) 255-9526 View (612) 255-9526
Photo of Ashley Anderson, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ashley Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
I help people find the tools they need to navigate the changes and challenges that occur in life. I believe every individual's therapeutic journey is unique. In my sessions we work to create a customized approach that builds on strengths and helps create a reliable platform for meaningful growth. I integrate a number of techniques including mindfulness and other skills that can be used in everyday life. I enjoy working with individuals of all ages, including young adults, older adults, couples, families, and adolescents 16+.
I help people find the tools they need to navigate the changes and challenges that occur in life. I believe every individual's therapeutic journey is unique. In my sessions we work to create a customized approach that builds on strengths and helps create a reliable platform for meaningful growth. I integrate a number of techniques including mindfulness and other skills that can be used in everyday life. I enjoy working with individuals of all ages, including young adults, older adults, couples, families, and adolescents 16+.
(612) 324-8707 x735 View (612) 324-8707 x735
Photo of Rachael Belair, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachael Belair
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55407
I value and understand the importance of a strong therapeutic relationship, and work collaboratively with clients to tailor their therapy to meet their unique needs. I have experience with a variety of therapeutic techniques including play therapy, art therapy, solution focused, psychodynamic, ACT, EMDR and CBT.
I value and understand the importance of a strong therapeutic relationship, and work collaboratively with clients to tailor their therapy to meet their unique needs. I have experience with a variety of therapeutic techniques including play therapy, art therapy, solution focused, psychodynamic, ACT, EMDR and CBT.
(612) 688-2129 View (612) 688-2129
Photo of Vaughn Maree Powell, Pre-Licensed Professional
Vaughn Maree Powell
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55405
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals who seek to better understand themselves and how they interact with the world. My job is to build meaningful connections with my clients so that I can identify relational patterns that contribute to depression and anxiety, guilt, overwhelm and shame. I have learned that how we chose to relate to caregivers in childhood influences how we create and maintain relationships in adulthood. I help clients become aware of the cycle that is being unconsciously repeated so that they can eventually exercise choice to change.
I work with individuals who seek to better understand themselves and how they interact with the world. My job is to build meaningful connections with my clients so that I can identify relational patterns that contribute to depression and anxiety, guilt, overwhelm and shame. I have learned that how we chose to relate to caregivers in childhood influences how we create and maintain relationships in adulthood. I help clients become aware of the cycle that is being unconsciously repeated so that they can eventually exercise choice to change.
(612) 429-4734 View (612) 429-4734
Photo of Eloise von DeWitt, LADC, LPCC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Eloise von DeWitt
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55407  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Seeking therapy takes immense courage, and the therapy session should be a place to explore, question, struggle, and heal without judgment. In my practice, I utilize a systemic, feminist approach that honors the innate dignity, worth, and capacity for change in all human beings. I believe that healing and change happen in our relationships to others and to a global sense of humanity. I strive to create a safe container in which to practice interpersonal healing, utilizing the therapeutic relationship and process as the primary tool for creating change.
Seeking therapy takes immense courage, and the therapy session should be a place to explore, question, struggle, and heal without judgment. In my practice, I utilize a systemic, feminist approach that honors the innate dignity, worth, and capacity for change in all human beings. I believe that healing and change happen in our relationships to others and to a global sense of humanity. I strive to create a safe container in which to practice interpersonal healing, utilizing the therapeutic relationship and process as the primary tool for creating change.
(612) 662-4630 View (612) 662-4630
Photo of Anna Salazar, LPCC, BC-DMT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anna Salazar
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC, BC-DMT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
Not accepting new clients
Waitlist opening for group therapy only. I'm not currently accepting new individual therapy clients. Welcome to my page! I'm so curious what brought you here... Are you an activist, healer or CAREgiver and healing yourself is part of your calling? Has your BODY called upon you to heal through sensation, movement, and creativity? Maybe your ART pushes you to transform complex pain into a wellspring of power and creativity? Or maybe you are an “in-betweener” in some way and you long for WHOLEness in an often-fragmenting world? I would love to help you move through any stuck points and witness you naturally unfold your GIFTS.
Waitlist opening for group therapy only. I'm not currently accepting new individual therapy clients. Welcome to my page! I'm so curious what brought you here... Are you an activist, healer or CAREgiver and healing yourself is part of your calling? Has your BODY called upon you to heal through sensation, movement, and creativity? Maybe your ART pushes you to transform complex pain into a wellspring of power and creativity? Or maybe you are an “in-betweener” in some way and you long for WHOLEness in an often-fragmenting world? I would love to help you move through any stuck points and witness you naturally unfold your GIFTS.
(651) 615-0901 View (651) 615-0901
Photo of Amanda Sargent, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amanda Sargent
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55402  (Online Only)
Schedule with Amanda on her website! Amanda is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Viterbo University, graduating in 2019. She offers individual and family therapy for various age groups, specializing in stress management, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma. With previous experience as a level 4 service intensity clinician, Amanda excels in addressing challenging emotions and disruptive behaviors in young children, providing essential support to their families.
Schedule with Amanda on her website! Amanda is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Viterbo University, graduating in 2019. She offers individual and family therapy for various age groups, specializing in stress management, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma. With previous experience as a level 4 service intensity clinician, Amanda excels in addressing challenging emotions and disruptive behaviors in young children, providing essential support to their families.
(612) 662-4254 View (612) 662-4254
Photo of Ryanne Underhill, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ryanne Underhill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55407  (Online Only)
I am a queer identified LICSW with more than 13 years of experience providing psychotherapy. I have extensive experience with clients with a variety of mental health diagnoses including anxiety, ADHD, depression, and PTSD. I specialize in working with adults (18+) who are highly sensitive, those who are wanting to live more wholly and authentically as themselves, those that are looking to break intergenerational and transgeneration patterns and trauma, and parents of young children who are wanting to explore different ways of parenting. Many of the clients that I work with also identify as queer.
I am a queer identified LICSW with more than 13 years of experience providing psychotherapy. I have extensive experience with clients with a variety of mental health diagnoses including anxiety, ADHD, depression, and PTSD. I specialize in working with adults (18+) who are highly sensitive, those who are wanting to live more wholly and authentically as themselves, those that are looking to break intergenerational and transgeneration patterns and trauma, and parents of young children who are wanting to explore different ways of parenting. Many of the clients that I work with also identify as queer.
(612) 688-5906 View (612) 688-5906
Photo of Kristine Zappa, MA, LPC, R-DMT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristine Zappa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55407  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a somatic, trauma-informed, and person-centered therapist, I take a holistic approach to therapy. My clients tend to have a history of complex trauma that impacts both their relationships with others and their relationship with themselves. I'll support you in uncovering underlying patterns and finding relief from experiences such as relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and feelings of low self-worth, as well as help you move through life with patterns that feel more aligned with your goals. From a somatic perspective, I safely incorporate body awareness on the path towards greater self-confidence and empowerment.
As a somatic, trauma-informed, and person-centered therapist, I take a holistic approach to therapy. My clients tend to have a history of complex trauma that impacts both their relationships with others and their relationship with themselves. I'll support you in uncovering underlying patterns and finding relief from experiences such as relationship issues, depression, anxiety, and feelings of low self-worth, as well as help you move through life with patterns that feel more aligned with your goals. From a somatic perspective, I safely incorporate body awareness on the path towards greater self-confidence and empowerment.
(612) 778-4084 View (612) 778-4084
Photo of Karen Willette, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Karen Willette
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
I have 35 years of experience helping a wide variety of people find their way to living a richer and more satisfying life. I have a deep respect for the mind and emotional life and believe it's difficult to change without resolving the internal conflicts (which are often out of our awareness) that lead to emotional distress, unwanted behaviors or physical symptoms.
I have 35 years of experience helping a wide variety of people find their way to living a richer and more satisfying life. I have a deep respect for the mind and emotional life and believe it's difficult to change without resolving the internal conflicts (which are often out of our awareness) that lead to emotional distress, unwanted behaviors or physical symptoms.
(612) 294-8207 View (612) 294-8207
Photo of Katie Angell, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Angell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419
You may have stood in a crowded room and feel completely unseen, unheard, and disconnected to yourself and others. On the outside it may seem like you have it all together but on the inside it feels like a tornado. This space provides mental health therapy for individuals who are experiencing difficulties in managing their emotions day to day due to experience of abuse, neglect, difficult relationships, or trauma. We strive to embrace your values and beliefs without the weight of guilt or shame. Here you can feel connected in a community that matters most to you while calming the storm inside.
You may have stood in a crowded room and feel completely unseen, unheard, and disconnected to yourself and others. On the outside it may seem like you have it all together but on the inside it feels like a tornado. This space provides mental health therapy for individuals who are experiencing difficulties in managing their emotions day to day due to experience of abuse, neglect, difficult relationships, or trauma. We strive to embrace your values and beliefs without the weight of guilt or shame. Here you can feel connected in a community that matters most to you while calming the storm inside.
(612) 324-0752 View (612) 324-0752
Photo of Lul Abdirahman Haji-Mohamed - Bridging The Gap Behavioral Health PLLC, LICSW, CCTP-II, CCATP, C-DBT, CIATC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bridging The Gap Behavioral Health PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CCTP-II, CCATP, C-DBT, CIATC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
My Name is Lul Haji-Mohamed. I have 13+ years of experience in the behavioral Health field. My philosophy is to meet people where they are at and work in partnership. I recognizes that an open and honest relationship between client and therapist can produce a positive effect in the therapeutic process and the level of acceptance demonstrated. I strives to reduce anxiety in order to increase engagement and connection, create a safe environment for discussion, and impart knowledge and facts about the various options and their implications. I enjoy to see people reach their full potential and thrive.
My Name is Lul Haji-Mohamed. I have 13+ years of experience in the behavioral Health field. My philosophy is to meet people where they are at and work in partnership. I recognizes that an open and honest relationship between client and therapist can produce a positive effect in the therapeutic process and the level of acceptance demonstrated. I strives to reduce anxiety in order to increase engagement and connection, create a safe environment for discussion, and impart knowledge and facts about the various options and their implications. I enjoy to see people reach their full potential and thrive.
(612) 248-1852 View (612) 248-1852
Photo of Mindy Glover, MA, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mindy Glover
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55404
I specialize in working with adults, couples, non-monogamous relationships, and families, traditional and non-traditional. I come from a communication and conflict resolution background. This knowledge and experience uniquely positions me to help clients repair relationships or negotiate boundaries for healthier ways of relating with others.
I specialize in working with adults, couples, non-monogamous relationships, and families, traditional and non-traditional. I come from a communication and conflict resolution background. This knowledge and experience uniquely positions me to help clients repair relationships or negotiate boundaries for healthier ways of relating with others.
(612) 361-3573 View (612) 361-3573
Photo of Jessee Daley, MA, LPCC, CIMHP, Counselor
Jessee Daley
Counselor, MA, LPCC, CIMHP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55407  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients. Integrative, holistic, intuitive, and customized therapy approach for those who seek a greater understanding of themselves and their relationships. I specialize in Integrative Therapy and have advanced training in Psychedelic Assisted Therapy integration. My overall therapeutic approach is to explore emotions and behaviors, understand experiences and hurts, and assist in identifying and utilizing natural strengths to increase ability to deal with the stressors unique to you. I also specialize in working with Highly Sensitive people, entrepreneurs, writers, creatives, and caregivers.
Accepting New Clients. Integrative, holistic, intuitive, and customized therapy approach for those who seek a greater understanding of themselves and their relationships. I specialize in Integrative Therapy and have advanced training in Psychedelic Assisted Therapy integration. My overall therapeutic approach is to explore emotions and behaviors, understand experiences and hurts, and assist in identifying and utilizing natural strengths to increase ability to deal with the stressors unique to you. I also specialize in working with Highly Sensitive people, entrepreneurs, writers, creatives, and caregivers.
(763) 400-8937 View (763) 400-8937
Photo of John Healy, PhD, LP, Psychologist
John Healy
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
I use warmth and humor to work collaboratively with you toward living your best life. My style is interactive, engaging, and direct. I use a psychodynamically informed approach, which means the treatment focuses both on current symptoms & problems, as well as underlying root causes. I listen carefully and compassionately, giving thoughtful, helpful feedback and professional insight, helping individuals make necessary positive changes in relationships, self-concept & choices. I have provided psychotherapy since 1995, and bring seasoned experience & understanding to my work.
I use warmth and humor to work collaboratively with you toward living your best life. My style is interactive, engaging, and direct. I use a psychodynamically informed approach, which means the treatment focuses both on current symptoms & problems, as well as underlying root causes. I listen carefully and compassionately, giving thoughtful, helpful feedback and professional insight, helping individuals make necessary positive changes in relationships, self-concept & choices. I have provided psychotherapy since 1995, and bring seasoned experience & understanding to my work.
(651) 301-8559 View (651) 301-8559
Photo of Rachel Spyhalski, Pre-Licensed Professional
Rachel Spyhalski
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Currently accepting new clients! I work with teens and adults to process various mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma exposure. My work also addresses concerns related to self-esteem, processing major life transitions, and managing relationships. My integrative approach is rooted in the belief that the therapy space can serve as a positive medium through which you can discover new self truths, identify your strengths, cultivate resilience, and feel empowered to reauthor your own story within the therapy space and beyond.
Currently accepting new clients! I work with teens and adults to process various mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma exposure. My work also addresses concerns related to self-esteem, processing major life transitions, and managing relationships. My integrative approach is rooted in the belief that the therapy space can serve as a positive medium through which you can discover new self truths, identify your strengths, cultivate resilience, and feel empowered to reauthor your own story within the therapy space and beyond.
(612) 439-3081 View (612) 439-3081
Photo of Tamara Statz, MA, LMFT, FT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tamara Statz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, FT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406
A client once reflected , "You help us have hard conversations." I couldn't have said it better myself. I help individuals, couples, and families talk about the stuff no one wants to talk about. Grief, loss, death, dying, moving to memory care, etc - these aren't dinner table conversations folks want to have. But we need to have them. That's where I come in.
A client once reflected , "You help us have hard conversations." I couldn't have said it better myself. I help individuals, couples, and families talk about the stuff no one wants to talk about. Grief, loss, death, dying, moving to memory care, etc - these aren't dinner table conversations folks want to have. But we need to have them. That's where I come in.
(612) 223-7492 View (612) 223-7492
Photo of Rebecca Kempenich, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rebecca Kempenich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403  (Online Only)
My clients are the champions of their own lives. It is an honor and a privilege to witness clients grow, heal, and establish better relationships. I have specialized training in how to help people manage and overcome obsessive compulsive disorder and in how to help people resolve marital/couple problems.
My clients are the champions of their own lives. It is an honor and a privilege to witness clients grow, heal, and establish better relationships. I have specialized training in how to help people manage and overcome obsessive compulsive disorder and in how to help people resolve marital/couple problems.
(612) 887-2927 x2 View (612) 887-2927 x2
Photo of Nicole Hill, MSW, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Hill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
You can't stop the waves, but you can learn to surf. – Jon Kabat-Zinn Welcome to a transformative journey of self-discovery and holistic healing. I'm Nicole Hill, and I'm here to guide you on your path to personal growth. Taking the first step towards therapy is an act of courage, and I'm committed to supporting you every step of the way. With a deep passion for mindfulness and a person-centered approach, I'm dedicated to helping individuals of all ages navigate life's challenges. My practice is firmly rooted in the belief that overall well-being is intricately connected to the mind-body relationship.
You can't stop the waves, but you can learn to surf. – Jon Kabat-Zinn Welcome to a transformative journey of self-discovery and holistic healing. I'm Nicole Hill, and I'm here to guide you on your path to personal growth. Taking the first step towards therapy is an act of courage, and I'm committed to supporting you every step of the way. With a deep passion for mindfulness and a person-centered approach, I'm dedicated to helping individuals of all ages navigate life's challenges. My practice is firmly rooted in the belief that overall well-being is intricately connected to the mind-body relationship.
(612) 662-8027 View (612) 662-8027

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$170

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UCare
68% Aetna

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.