Therapists in Boston, MA

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Photo of Michelle Morawiak, MSW, LCSW, LADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Morawiak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114
My ideal patient is someone who engages fully with me during our entire 60-minute session. They are open to suggestions and eager to try new approaches to their treatment. This patient understands that therapy is about progress, not perfection, and recognizes that sometimes the process may unfold more slowly than anticipated. I hope for a patient who maintains open communication with me, feels comfortable sharing anything that troubles them, and knows they will never be judged.
My ideal patient is someone who engages fully with me during our entire 60-minute session. They are open to suggestions and eager to try new approaches to their treatment. This patient understands that therapy is about progress, not perfection, and recognizes that sometimes the process may unfold more slowly than anticipated. I hope for a patient who maintains open communication with me, feels comfortable sharing anything that troubles them, and knows they will never be judged.
(781) 798-2902 View (781) 798-2902
Photo of John Dellechiaie, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John Dellechiaie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116
I have been a Boston clinician since 1975. My training is pyscho dynamic. I work with individuals and couples in short and long term therapy. I have worked in several area hospitals running structured addiction outpatient programs. I see adults with poly drug use. Many of my short and long term adult patients come in with relationship issues that may have a physiological, drug, clinical depression or anxiety component.
I have been a Boston clinician since 1975. My training is pyscho dynamic. I work with individuals and couples in short and long term therapy. I have worked in several area hospitals running structured addiction outpatient programs. I see adults with poly drug use. Many of my short and long term adult patients come in with relationship issues that may have a physiological, drug, clinical depression or anxiety component.
(351) 200-0840 View (351) 200-0840
Photo of Xia Allen, PhD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Xia Allen
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
***Now Accepting New Clients*** I hold a PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University of Notre Dame and am under the supervision of Dr. Natasha Holmes.
***Now Accepting New Clients*** I hold a PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University of Notre Dame and am under the supervision of Dr. Natasha Holmes.
(617) 855-6986 View (617) 855-6986
Photo of Carolyn Glass, LCSW, LICSW, MBA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carolyn Glass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116
I work with adults who want to live happier and more connected lives. Clients see me to alleviate anxiety and depression, navigate relationships, and adjust to transitions. As a former executive with an MBA, I have a particular interest in supporting women through career or relationship transitions, and guiding the balance of personal responsibilities. I see therapy not as a lifelong commitment but a helpful tool to develop insight through a collaborative, empathic, and supportive process. Clients leave energized and able to articulate, clarify, and achieve their goals.
I work with adults who want to live happier and more connected lives. Clients see me to alleviate anxiety and depression, navigate relationships, and adjust to transitions. As a former executive with an MBA, I have a particular interest in supporting women through career or relationship transitions, and guiding the balance of personal responsibilities. I see therapy not as a lifelong commitment but a helpful tool to develop insight through a collaborative, empathic, and supportive process. Clients leave energized and able to articulate, clarify, and achieve their goals.
(917) 809-5647 View (917) 809-5647
Photo of Susan Taterka, MSW, LICSW, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Taterka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02115
I work with people struggling with stress or loss. I offer understanding and compassion. I help my clients recognize and understand their feelings, improve their coping and communication skills, increase their emotional intelligence, clarify their goals, implement their plans, raise their self-esteem, and heal. I work with adults of all ages and cultural backgrounds- single, married, widowed, divorced/separated, caregivers, single parents, parents struggling with their children's difficulties, and adult children of elderly parents who are declining.
I work with people struggling with stress or loss. I offer understanding and compassion. I help my clients recognize and understand their feelings, improve their coping and communication skills, increase their emotional intelligence, clarify their goals, implement their plans, raise their self-esteem, and heal. I work with adults of all ages and cultural backgrounds- single, married, widowed, divorced/separated, caregivers, single parents, parents struggling with their children's difficulties, and adult children of elderly parents who are declining.
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Photo of Zarinah Gray, MSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Zarinah Gray
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02122  (Online Only)
Zarinah is very passionate about helping alleviate symptoms of mental illness while promoting health and wellness especially for Black and Brown communities. It has been her dream to deliver outpatient therapy to clients who look like her. Zarinah modifies her therapeutic approach to each client's specific needs. Her educational background includes a Bachelors in Social Work (BSW) from Regis College in Weston MA, and a Masters in Social Work (MSW) from Bridgewater State University in Massachusetts.
Zarinah is very passionate about helping alleviate symptoms of mental illness while promoting health and wellness especially for Black and Brown communities. It has been her dream to deliver outpatient therapy to clients who look like her. Zarinah modifies her therapeutic approach to each client's specific needs. Her educational background includes a Bachelors in Social Work (BSW) from Regis College in Weston MA, and a Masters in Social Work (MSW) from Bridgewater State University in Massachusetts.
(617) 870-6959 View (617) 870-6959
Photo of Sandra Robertson Muhammad - Fyness Inc, CAGS, LMHC, Counselor
Fyness Inc
Counselor, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02124
Rebuilding and improving lives, families and communities while providing quality clinical care addressing mental health issues. Teaching the importance of overall health includes mental health through the facilitation of growth and development with respect to cultural sensitivities.
Rebuilding and improving lives, families and communities while providing quality clinical care addressing mental health issues. Teaching the importance of overall health includes mental health through the facilitation of growth and development with respect to cultural sensitivities.
(857) 203-8298 View (857) 203-8298
Photo of Kia Alston, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kia Alston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114
I enjoy working with high-functioning, insight-oriented adults, couples, and families from diverse, multicultural backgrounds. My ideal client is struggling with identity issues, low self-esteem, childhood trauma, anxiety/depression, etc. They need a place to process and explore their thoughts and feelings and learn new skills and tools to change their thinking and behavior. Their goals include figuring out the problem, why it is occurring, and how to fix and change it together. My ideal client is motivated, insightful, and expressive. They desire to be in therapy and do the work that therapy requires.
I enjoy working with high-functioning, insight-oriented adults, couples, and families from diverse, multicultural backgrounds. My ideal client is struggling with identity issues, low self-esteem, childhood trauma, anxiety/depression, etc. They need a place to process and explore their thoughts and feelings and learn new skills and tools to change their thinking and behavior. Their goals include figuring out the problem, why it is occurring, and how to fix and change it together. My ideal client is motivated, insightful, and expressive. They desire to be in therapy and do the work that therapy requires.
(781) 368-0378 View (781) 368-0378
Photo of Comfort Nyeswah-Wiafe - Comfort Counseling Center, LMHC, LPC, Counselor
Comfort Counseling Center
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110  (Online Only)
Are you a black Christian professional tired of feeling stuck and overwhelmed? Do you feel like you're running, but not moving? Do you feel drained by the heaviness of depression and stress? Life has been so hard lately. You're up at night tossing and turning wondering, when will things get better. The toll of being a professional and showing up for yourself and your loved ones is unbearable. Your ability to love, work, and play has declined. You want to ensure you can thrive in corporate America, but it's taking a toll on your health. Our clients struggle like you do. We get it. Let us help. We offer therapy and life coaching.
Are you a black Christian professional tired of feeling stuck and overwhelmed? Do you feel like you're running, but not moving? Do you feel drained by the heaviness of depression and stress? Life has been so hard lately. You're up at night tossing and turning wondering, when will things get better. The toll of being a professional and showing up for yourself and your loved ones is unbearable. Your ability to love, work, and play has declined. You want to ensure you can thrive in corporate America, but it's taking a toll on your health. Our clients struggle like you do. We get it. Let us help. We offer therapy and life coaching.
(781) 394-9746 View (781) 394-9746
Photo of Heather Shannon | Certified Sex Therapist, LCPC, CST, Counselor
Heather Shannon | Certified Sex Therapist
Counselor, LCPC, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02108  (Online Only)
Is there a disconnect between you and your partner(s) when it comes to your sex life? If so, please do not wait to get support! Because we were taught so little about sex, many of us shy away from the topic, but that just worsens things. Sex can start to feel like a chore and lack of sex can become the elephant in the room. It can even cause the end of your relationship if left unaddressed long enough. Before I became a sex therapist, I also found myself in this situation in my long-term relationship. But after 10,000 hours of coaching and counseling clients and becoming an AASECT certified sex therapist, I am confident I can help!
Is there a disconnect between you and your partner(s) when it comes to your sex life? If so, please do not wait to get support! Because we were taught so little about sex, many of us shy away from the topic, but that just worsens things. Sex can start to feel like a chore and lack of sex can become the elephant in the room. It can even cause the end of your relationship if left unaddressed long enough. Before I became a sex therapist, I also found myself in this situation in my long-term relationship. But after 10,000 hours of coaching and counseling clients and becoming an AASECT certified sex therapist, I am confident I can help!
(508) 545-9639 View (508) 545-9639
Photo of Leo Newhouse - Caregiver Support, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Caregiver Support
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02130
Caring for a family member or loved one with chronic illness or cognitive decline can be both rewarding and extremely trying. Depression, anxiety, as well as difficult feelings such as anger, frustration and guilt, are no strangers to many caregivers. How can you best cope? How to prevent caregiver burnout, keep up your spirits and live as "normal" a life as possible? What's the best way to ask for support from your extended family and/or friends? How to find optimal programs and resources for your loved one, and to plan for the future?
Caring for a family member or loved one with chronic illness or cognitive decline can be both rewarding and extremely trying. Depression, anxiety, as well as difficult feelings such as anger, frustration and guilt, are no strangers to many caregivers. How can you best cope? How to prevent caregiver burnout, keep up your spirits and live as "normal" a life as possible? What's the best way to ask for support from your extended family and/or friends? How to find optimal programs and resources for your loved one, and to plan for the future?
(857) 374-6238 View (857) 374-6238
Photo of Nicholas Moallem, Counselor
Nicholas Moallem
Counselor
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02128  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with those struggling with addictions and trauma. However, I come from a therapeutic background which considers the root of most mental health and behavioral issues to stem from the same fundamental places. I therefore take an approach to therapy that can be helpful in treating a broad variety of difficulties. I understand and respect how personal the pain that brought you here is to you. Regardless of the hardships you're facing, we will work together to notice, understand, and adjust the patterns that are dominating your life. To do this, we'll be looking at your experience as it unfolds in the present
I specialize in working with those struggling with addictions and trauma. However, I come from a therapeutic background which considers the root of most mental health and behavioral issues to stem from the same fundamental places. I therefore take an approach to therapy that can be helpful in treating a broad variety of difficulties. I understand and respect how personal the pain that brought you here is to you. Regardless of the hardships you're facing, we will work together to notice, understand, and adjust the patterns that are dominating your life. To do this, we'll be looking at your experience as it unfolds in the present
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Buffy Fermino, LMFT, CBT for, Adult, ADHD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Buffy Fermino
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CBT for, Adult, ADHD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I help ADHD adults and anxious over-thinkers conquer procrastination, overwhelm and imposter syndrome, so they can get stuff done & achieve their goals. Ready to work with someone who finally gets you? I'm one of the only therapists in the US who is both nationally certified in CBT and exclusive to adult ADHD (and the anxiety & depression that annoyingly tags along with ADHD). I know how hard you're trying, and I'm uniquely qualified to help! Let's create a strategic plan tailored to you and your unique brain, so you can organize your life, improve your relationships, and finally crush those goals.
I help ADHD adults and anxious over-thinkers conquer procrastination, overwhelm and imposter syndrome, so they can get stuff done & achieve their goals. Ready to work with someone who finally gets you? I'm one of the only therapists in the US who is both nationally certified in CBT and exclusive to adult ADHD (and the anxiety & depression that annoyingly tags along with ADHD). I know how hard you're trying, and I'm uniquely qualified to help! Let's create a strategic plan tailored to you and your unique brain, so you can organize your life, improve your relationships, and finally crush those goals.
(617) 766-0638 View (617) 766-0638
Photo of Alana Shehadeh, MS, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Alana Shehadeh
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02199
As a therapist, I deeply believe in the profound impact of self-awareness, empathy, and genuine connection. I am a strong advocate for holistic healing, acknowledging the intricate link between the mind, body, and soul. In my practice, I integrate various evidence-based therapeutic techniques, such as Person-Centered, Empowerment, Cognitive Behavioral, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused, Acceptance and Commitment, and Psychodynamic approaches. My ultimate goal is to support clients in cultivating their fullest potential.
As a therapist, I deeply believe in the profound impact of self-awareness, empathy, and genuine connection. I am a strong advocate for holistic healing, acknowledging the intricate link between the mind, body, and soul. In my practice, I integrate various evidence-based therapeutic techniques, such as Person-Centered, Empowerment, Cognitive Behavioral, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused, Acceptance and Commitment, and Psychodynamic approaches. My ultimate goal is to support clients in cultivating their fullest potential.
(508) 290-6595 View (508) 290-6595
Photo of Kelly M. Jones - Kelly M. Jones, Ph.D., PhD, Psychologist
Kelly M. Jones, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02109
I am a clinical neuropsychologist who provides assessment, ADHD coaching, and CBT services to individuals. My specialty areas include assessment of cognitive and behavioral changes associated with ADHD. I also provide neuropsychological services for adults with neurological, medical, psychiatric and academic-related conditions that impact cognitive functioning. I work with a wide range of clients including those with memory problems, traumatic brain injury, mood disorders or psychiatric conditions, learning disabilities, and ADHD. My doctorate is from UMass Amherst. I completed a neuropsychology internship at the Bedford VA and an adult clinical neuropsychology fellowship at Harvard Medical School-Cambridge Health Alliance.
I am a clinical neuropsychologist who provides assessment, ADHD coaching, and CBT services to individuals. My specialty areas include assessment of cognitive and behavioral changes associated with ADHD. I also provide neuropsychological services for adults with neurological, medical, psychiatric and academic-related conditions that impact cognitive functioning. I work with a wide range of clients including those with memory problems, traumatic brain injury, mood disorders or psychiatric conditions, learning disabilities, and ADHD. My doctorate is from UMass Amherst. I completed a neuropsychology internship at the Bedford VA and an adult clinical neuropsychology fellowship at Harvard Medical School-Cambridge Health Alliance.
(413) 650-6510 View (413) 650-6510
Photo of Paola Scardino, LMHC, CRC
Paola Scardino
LMHC, CRC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110  (Online Only)
I believe that we all have the innate ability to thrive and be well in mind, given the right guidance, support and tools. To that goal, I provide individual psychotherapy to adults, couples, adolescents and families in a safe and supportive environment. Some of my specialty areas include anxiety disorders, depression and mood disorders, relational issues, family conflict, adjusting to life transitions, trauma, multicultural issues and LGBTQ clients.
I believe that we all have the innate ability to thrive and be well in mind, given the right guidance, support and tools. To that goal, I provide individual psychotherapy to adults, couples, adolescents and families in a safe and supportive environment. Some of my specialty areas include anxiety disorders, depression and mood disorders, relational issues, family conflict, adjusting to life transitions, trauma, multicultural issues and LGBTQ clients.
(617) 336-8840 View (617) 336-8840
Photo of Ann L Plater, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ann L Plater
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02210
There’s no one therapeutic approach to help us live happier lives. Recovery from painful experiences, emotional or physical abuse, a complicated hurt-filled relationship, impasses at work, coping mechanisms that no longer help—these different challenges deserve flexible approaches. Childhood skills no longer fit the problems we face as adults. Grief that couldn’t be dealt with then is more complicated now. Relief from depression and anxiety cannot work if confidence, strength, and intimacy are blocked. Understanding the whole person—creating new approaches and thoughtful solutions to problems—is the way I think and work.
There’s no one therapeutic approach to help us live happier lives. Recovery from painful experiences, emotional or physical abuse, a complicated hurt-filled relationship, impasses at work, coping mechanisms that no longer help—these different challenges deserve flexible approaches. Childhood skills no longer fit the problems we face as adults. Grief that couldn’t be dealt with then is more complicated now. Relief from depression and anxiety cannot work if confidence, strength, and intimacy are blocked. Understanding the whole person—creating new approaches and thoughtful solutions to problems—is the way I think and work.
(857) 217-4724 View (857) 217-4724
Photo of Dr. Katsiaryna Aniskovich, PhD, LMHC, Psychologist
Dr. Katsiaryna Aniskovich
Psychologist, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02132
Hello, I'm Dr. Aniskovich, or "Dr. Kat", a clinical and school psychologist. With a wealth of experience across various settings, such as clinical, outpatient, and school, I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and young adults with neurodiverse backgrounds. Many people think of therapy as the last resort before things go downhill. I am however, an advocate and a big supporter of therapy as a proactive and preventative tool to help people learn about themselves and their inner strength.
Hello, I'm Dr. Aniskovich, or "Dr. Kat", a clinical and school psychologist. With a wealth of experience across various settings, such as clinical, outpatient, and school, I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and young adults with neurodiverse backgrounds. Many people think of therapy as the last resort before things go downhill. I am however, an advocate and a big supporter of therapy as a proactive and preventative tool to help people learn about themselves and their inner strength.
(781) 512-7451 View (781) 512-7451
Photo of Krystin M. St. Onge, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Krystin M. St. Onge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy is a deeply personal journey, often filled with intricate and conflicting emotions. At the heart of its effectiveness is creating a safe, respectful, and supportive therapeutic environment, which is essential for fostering self-awareness and growth. My practice is dedicated to facilitating this process, helping individuals enrich their interpersonal relationships and promote personal development. With a foundation in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories, and a commitment to supporting strengths based principles, I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs of each person.
Psychotherapy is a deeply personal journey, often filled with intricate and conflicting emotions. At the heart of its effectiveness is creating a safe, respectful, and supportive therapeutic environment, which is essential for fostering self-awareness and growth. My practice is dedicated to facilitating this process, helping individuals enrich their interpersonal relationships and promote personal development. With a foundation in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories, and a commitment to supporting strengths based principles, I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs of each person.
(774) 241-9574 View (774) 241-9574
Photo of L. Stella Loaiza, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
L. Stella Loaiza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116
Not accepting new clients
"I am committed to help you find that feeling of empowerment within you that you may not have even known you had, and then using that empowerment to resolve real life situations."
"I am committed to help you find that feeling of empowerment within you that you may not have even known you had, and then using that empowerment to resolve real life situations."
(617) 712-0311 View (617) 712-0311
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boston, MA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$154

Therapists in Boston, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Stress
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Boston, MA see their clients

62% Online Only
38% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.