Therapists in Kingston, NY

Photo of Amanda Lasher, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Lasher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Thank you for beginning this journey. No matter what the response has been from your immediate friends, families, or inner critic, I believe you are making a good decision. Making the choice to come to therapy may feel overwhelming or frightening but can also be an exciting time to discover new things about yourself, to heal and learn new ways to cope with life’s challenges. My belief is that you are the expert of you and your life. Therefore, we will work together to figure out what works best.
Thank you for beginning this journey. No matter what the response has been from your immediate friends, families, or inner critic, I believe you are making a good decision. Making the choice to come to therapy may feel overwhelming or frightening but can also be an exciting time to discover new things about yourself, to heal and learn new ways to cope with life’s challenges. My belief is that you are the expert of you and your life. Therefore, we will work together to figure out what works best.
(914) 786-6455 View (914) 786-6455
Photo of Lucy E Barbera, PhD, LCAT, Art Therapist
Lucy E Barbera
Art Therapist, PhD, LCAT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401
Adults, Teens, and Children in need of counseling benefit from Creative Arts Therapy, as do families, and couples. I offer the optional use of Creative Arts to help clients gain a much needed perspective to assist them in their healing. Words, alone, cannot fully express your feelings. The creative arts can provide a potent "language" for expression and requires no previous art making experience. Paint, college, clay, mask-making, and creative writing help clients express, understand, and transform their feelings into allies for healing. Art Therapy has been designated as a mind-body approach by the National Institute of Health.
Adults, Teens, and Children in need of counseling benefit from Creative Arts Therapy, as do families, and couples. I offer the optional use of Creative Arts to help clients gain a much needed perspective to assist them in their healing. Words, alone, cannot fully express your feelings. The creative arts can provide a potent "language" for expression and requires no previous art making experience. Paint, college, clay, mask-making, and creative writing help clients express, understand, and transform their feelings into allies for healing. Art Therapy has been designated as a mind-body approach by the National Institute of Health.
(845) 367-7681 View (845) 367-7681
Photo of Jessica Shaw, LCSW, CCM, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Shaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
When you're struggling, reaching out for help can feel incredibly challenging. But I’m truly glad you are. Despite feeling overwhelmed by negative thoughts and constant worry, you’ve decided to face your fears. You’re ready to experience greater freedom in your choices and life, unburdened by past trauma or current stressors. Even if you feel tired and alone, your desire to build closer relationships can drive meaningful change. While you might feel some hesitation, remember that you won’t have to face this journey alone.
When you're struggling, reaching out for help can feel incredibly challenging. But I’m truly glad you are. Despite feeling overwhelmed by negative thoughts and constant worry, you’ve decided to face your fears. You’re ready to experience greater freedom in your choices and life, unburdened by past trauma or current stressors. Even if you feel tired and alone, your desire to build closer relationships can drive meaningful change. While you might feel some hesitation, remember that you won’t have to face this journey alone.
(845) 237-3977 View (845) 237-3977
Photo of Mental Health Association - Mental Health Association in Ulster County, Inc.
Mental Health Association in Ulster County, Inc.
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
The Mental Health Association in Ulster County, Inc. (MHA) has many services. Start here for all your mental health needs. Our Wellness Program offers socialization, suppler club, skill building, creative arts, mindfulness, and computer programming to those with a diagnosed mental illness. We have service Breakfast for $1 and Lunch $2 daily. FREE Support groups, skill building workshops, and self-help groups are available. Wellness Counselors are available for walk ins or calls to provide information and referrals internally or outside services. Assistance with applications, seeking providers, finding support and so much more!
The Mental Health Association in Ulster County, Inc. (MHA) has many services. Start here for all your mental health needs. Our Wellness Program offers socialization, suppler club, skill building, creative arts, mindfulness, and computer programming to those with a diagnosed mental illness. We have service Breakfast for $1 and Lunch $2 daily. FREE Support groups, skill building workshops, and self-help groups are available. Wellness Counselors are available for walk ins or calls to provide information and referrals internally or outside services. Assistance with applications, seeking providers, finding support and so much more!
(914) 499-0289 View (914) 499-0289
Photo of Heather Bergen, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Bergen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My approach is holistic with an emphasis on developing self-love and self-discovery, you can begin the process of healing around issues such as, anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, relationship issues, body image, parenting, and more. In our work together we will use compassion and creativity to discover your inner wisdom and strengths, and to identify and change old patterns of feeling.
My approach is holistic with an emphasis on developing self-love and self-discovery, you can begin the process of healing around issues such as, anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, relationship issues, body image, parenting, and more. In our work together we will use compassion and creativity to discover your inner wisdom and strengths, and to identify and change old patterns of feeling.
(845) 617-4085 View (845) 617-4085
Photo of Michael Schwalberg, PhD, Psychologist
Michael Schwalberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
Trained at a world renowned Anxiety Disorders treatment and research center (The SUNY Center for Stress and Anxiety Disorders, now the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University), I have specialized in the treatment of anxiety, panic, phobias, OCD and related disorders for over 25 years. I treat adults, adolescents, and children. I have lectured, been a clinical and research consultant, and trained and supervised other mental health professionals in the treatment of these disorders.
Trained at a world renowned Anxiety Disorders treatment and research center (The SUNY Center for Stress and Anxiety Disorders, now the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University), I have specialized in the treatment of anxiety, panic, phobias, OCD and related disorders for over 25 years. I treat adults, adolescents, and children. I have lectured, been a clinical and research consultant, and trained and supervised other mental health professionals in the treatment of these disorders.
(914) 342-7347 View (914) 342-7347
Photo of Angela Margaret Canepa, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela Margaret Canepa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401
Waitlist for new clients
Are you looking for support navigating life’s challenges or adjusting to transitions related to loss or life stages? Would you like to improve your self esteem, develop communication skills, decrease problem thoughts or behaviors or learn skills to regulate your emotions and moods? Do you want to feel more connected to yourself or others? If you are seeking balance, ease of mind, and improved perspective mindfulness based psychotherapy is an excellent way to begin.
Are you looking for support navigating life’s challenges or adjusting to transitions related to loss or life stages? Would you like to improve your self esteem, develop communication skills, decrease problem thoughts or behaviors or learn skills to regulate your emotions and moods? Do you want to feel more connected to yourself or others? If you are seeking balance, ease of mind, and improved perspective mindfulness based psychotherapy is an excellent way to begin.
(845) 443-7321 View (845) 443-7321
Photo of Ashley R Kudler, MHC-LP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ashley R Kudler
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401
I am a psychotherapist and healer dedicated to helping individuals navigate psychological and relationship challenges by fostering self-awareness and emotional intelligence. I believe that each of us holds the power to heal from within, and my goal is to guide you in unlocking that potential. By integrating spiritual, mental, and physical health, I offer a holistic approach that empowers you to break free from cycles of trauma and find lasting healing.
I am a psychotherapist and healer dedicated to helping individuals navigate psychological and relationship challenges by fostering self-awareness and emotional intelligence. I believe that each of us holds the power to heal from within, and my goal is to guide you in unlocking that potential. By integrating spiritual, mental, and physical health, I offer a holistic approach that empowers you to break free from cycles of trauma and find lasting healing.
(914) 604-3803 View (914) 604-3803
Photo of Fanon Frazier, LMSW
Fanon Frazier
LMSW
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
As of this month, Sept 2024, I have been providing therapy now for one year, and in my 40s I'm thankful to have made it here to witness my clients thriving and myself growing as a clinician. My practice is informed by researched theory as much as by life experience and the great diversity of my background, which inspire me to work reciprocally with various populations. My approach is compassionate, attuned, integrative of research-based techniques, and dependent on your life and needs.
As of this month, Sept 2024, I have been providing therapy now for one year, and in my 40s I'm thankful to have made it here to witness my clients thriving and myself growing as a clinician. My practice is informed by researched theory as much as by life experience and the great diversity of my background, which inspire me to work reciprocally with various populations. My approach is compassionate, attuned, integrative of research-based techniques, and dependent on your life and needs.
(914) 594-5732 View (914) 594-5732
Photo of Kelsey Greene, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelsey Greene
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with overwhelming anxiety, intimacy issues, or shame about the past? I am Kelsey, a trauma-informed, sex-positive therapist practicing in the state of New York. I have experience with PTSD, grief, life transitions, navigating intimate relationships, chronic illness, perfectionism, and anxiety. I'm particularly passionate about supporting individuals seeking sex therapy, BDSM/kink practitioners, and people in consensually non-monogamous relationships. While I am currently pursuing specialized training and certification in these areas, I'm committed to providing a non-judgmental, empathetic space for all my clients.
Are you struggling with overwhelming anxiety, intimacy issues, or shame about the past? I am Kelsey, a trauma-informed, sex-positive therapist practicing in the state of New York. I have experience with PTSD, grief, life transitions, navigating intimate relationships, chronic illness, perfectionism, and anxiety. I'm particularly passionate about supporting individuals seeking sex therapy, BDSM/kink practitioners, and people in consensually non-monogamous relationships. While I am currently pursuing specialized training and certification in these areas, I'm committed to providing a non-judgmental, empathetic space for all my clients.
(631) 526-7199 View (631) 526-7199
Photo of Tamara Telberg, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tamara Telberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
Not accepting new clients
I have expertise in working with children through adults who struggle with issues such as anxiety, identity, divorce, grief, trauma, depression, eating disorders, learning and academic problems, as well as with young adults transitioning to college or struggling to find direction. I work with people individually, and with families to help negotiate solutions to these and other life struggles. My goal is to provide a place where deep healing can occur so that people can access their strengths, are able to create more joy and live a balanced and meaningful life.
I have expertise in working with children through adults who struggle with issues such as anxiety, identity, divorce, grief, trauma, depression, eating disorders, learning and academic problems, as well as with young adults transitioning to college or struggling to find direction. I work with people individually, and with families to help negotiate solutions to these and other life struggles. My goal is to provide a place where deep healing can occur so that people can access their strengths, are able to create more joy and live a balanced and meaningful life.
(914) 752-2259 View (914) 752-2259
Photo of Sarah Rabenou, LCAT, MPS
Sarah Rabenou
Creative Arts Therapist, LCAT, MPS
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping you create real change from within so you can experience life, sex, intimacy, and relationships as your heart desires. If you want to feel secure, confident, and satisfied in how you relate to intimacy and your relationships, I help you navigate your traumas, fears, wounds, and conditioning around attachment, love & relationships. I help you take your personal power back, remind you of your own inherent wisdom and truth, and teach you how to release the never-ending "broken" "fix it" cycle of self-improvement and repetitive painful experiences.
I am passionate about helping you create real change from within so you can experience life, sex, intimacy, and relationships as your heart desires. If you want to feel secure, confident, and satisfied in how you relate to intimacy and your relationships, I help you navigate your traumas, fears, wounds, and conditioning around attachment, love & relationships. I help you take your personal power back, remind you of your own inherent wisdom and truth, and teach you how to release the never-ending "broken" "fix it" cycle of self-improvement and repetitive painful experiences.
(845) 403-1525 View (845) 403-1525
Photo of Cathy Woyahn - Cathy Woyahn LCSW-R, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cathy Woyahn LCSW-R
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a client centered, strength based therapist, with over 25 years experience; working with adolescents, adults, as well as couples; who are wanting to make positive changes in their lives. I currently individual adults; using a psychodynamic model of therapy that works best with each client. I have extensive experience working with people who have depression, anxiety, trauma, post traumatic stress, grief, as well as family of origin issues. I also have a long history working with the gay and lesbian clients.
I am a client centered, strength based therapist, with over 25 years experience; working with adolescents, adults, as well as couples; who are wanting to make positive changes in their lives. I currently individual adults; using a psychodynamic model of therapy that works best with each client. I have extensive experience working with people who have depression, anxiety, trauma, post traumatic stress, grief, as well as family of origin issues. I also have a long history working with the gay and lesbian clients.
(845) 554-3673 View (845) 554-3673
Photo of Ashley Ayres, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ashley Ayres
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
We are in extraordinary times of uncertainty. You are not alone in feeling sad, stressed, afraid, lonely, or angry. Relationships everywhere are feeling strained and disconnected. Parents are unsure how to meet their children’s needs or how to know if their teenager’s behavior is “normal”. Individuals are feeling even more alone, anxious, and overwhelmed. Searching for a therapist to help with these struggles is not easy. For those who are considering therapy during your most vulnerable and difficult times I commend you for your courage to care of yourself and your family.
We are in extraordinary times of uncertainty. You are not alone in feeling sad, stressed, afraid, lonely, or angry. Relationships everywhere are feeling strained and disconnected. Parents are unsure how to meet their children’s needs or how to know if their teenager’s behavior is “normal”. Individuals are feeling even more alone, anxious, and overwhelmed. Searching for a therapist to help with these struggles is not easy. For those who are considering therapy during your most vulnerable and difficult times I commend you for your courage to care of yourself and your family.
(845) 299-2735 View (845) 299-2735
Photo of Dorothy H Winrow, MRE, LMFT, LP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dorothy H Winrow
Marriage & Family Therapist, MRE, LMFT, LP
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
Waitlist for new clients
COUPLES, SINGLES, FAMILY MEMBERS AND PARENTS: You can have more real joy in your life and more caring and understanding in your relationships. I am a highly trained therapist, a Clinical Fellow Member of The AAMFT, who works with relational, emotional and family problems. I use psychodynamic and family systems principles to encourage growth and transformation. I understand human emotions and can offer help to address them. My clients often express gratitude for their work with me which has increased satisfaction in their lives. I practiced in Manhattan for many years and now conduct my practice in Kingston, New York.
COUPLES, SINGLES, FAMILY MEMBERS AND PARENTS: You can have more real joy in your life and more caring and understanding in your relationships. I am a highly trained therapist, a Clinical Fellow Member of The AAMFT, who works with relational, emotional and family problems. I use psychodynamic and family systems principles to encourage growth and transformation. I understand human emotions and can offer help to address them. My clients often express gratitude for their work with me which has increased satisfaction in their lives. I practiced in Manhattan for many years and now conduct my practice in Kingston, New York.
(845) 379-0520 View (845) 379-0520
Photo of Melissa Zola, LMHC, Counselor
Melissa Zola
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
I work with clients from diverse backgrounds, specializing in clients who identify as members of the LGBTQ+ community. I use mindfulness, trauma informed therapy, grief informed treatment, CBT, and other modalities to provide each client with the treatment that best fits their needs. With a goal to improve overall well-being, I partner with clients to develop healthy boundaries, improve communication, and adopt effective grounding techniques. I approach each client with an openness to learn what values and beliefs hold the most importance for them, and strive to approach each session with respect and compassion.
I work with clients from diverse backgrounds, specializing in clients who identify as members of the LGBTQ+ community. I use mindfulness, trauma informed therapy, grief informed treatment, CBT, and other modalities to provide each client with the treatment that best fits their needs. With a goal to improve overall well-being, I partner with clients to develop healthy boundaries, improve communication, and adopt effective grounding techniques. I approach each client with an openness to learn what values and beliefs hold the most importance for them, and strive to approach each session with respect and compassion.
(929) 205-6248 View (929) 205-6248
Photo of Laurie Kyle, MHC
Laurie Kyle
MHC
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
I bring a holistic approach to therapy that draws upon relational psychoanalysis and depth psychology, contemplative and mindfulness practices, feminine psychology and somatic awareness. I hold space for the healing of the body, mind, and soul through deep reflection on one's past and present, relational patterns, and exploration into the hidden, unconscious parts of self through desires and narratives that emerge in dream and fantasy.
I bring a holistic approach to therapy that draws upon relational psychoanalysis and depth psychology, contemplative and mindfulness practices, feminine psychology and somatic awareness. I hold space for the healing of the body, mind, and soul through deep reflection on one's past and present, relational patterns, and exploration into the hidden, unconscious parts of self through desires and narratives that emerge in dream and fantasy.
(845) 403-0940 View (845) 403-0940
Photo of Samantha Catalano, LMSW
Samantha Catalano
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Taking the first step and talking to a therapist can feel very scary. I focus on creating a safe and welcoming environment where healing can take place. My goal is to empower you through skill building to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship stress and substance use. Ultimately we work together to heal the underlying trauma leading to your symptoms and stress. I am committed to using evidence based therapies that are proven to be effective in helping individuals heal.
Taking the first step and talking to a therapist can feel very scary. I focus on creating a safe and welcoming environment where healing can take place. My goal is to empower you through skill building to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship stress and substance use. Ultimately we work together to heal the underlying trauma leading to your symptoms and stress. I am committed to using evidence based therapies that are proven to be effective in helping individuals heal.
(914) 274-4843 View (914) 274-4843
Photo of Kristen Daniels, MHC-LP
Kristen Daniels
MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kingston, NY 12401  (Online Only)
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
(585) 523-1483 View (585) 523-1483
Photo of Samuel Washington, LMHC
Samuel Washington
LMHC
Verified Verified
Kingston, NY 12401
I believe successful counseling experiences begin through relationship. Prior to transitioning to the field of counseling I worked extensively within the criminal justice system. I thought that I might have an opportunity to make a positive difference in the lives of individuals who have faced various challenges in life. I use individually tailored counseling tools such as brief psychodynamic exploration, mindfulness training, emotional freedom techniques (EFT), narrative, breathwork, goal setting, and solution focus to offer clients an opportunity to look deep within themselves for answers to life’s questions.
I believe successful counseling experiences begin through relationship. Prior to transitioning to the field of counseling I worked extensively within the criminal justice system. I thought that I might have an opportunity to make a positive difference in the lives of individuals who have faced various challenges in life. I use individually tailored counseling tools such as brief psychodynamic exploration, mindfulness training, emotional freedom techniques (EFT), narrative, breathwork, goal setting, and solution focus to offer clients an opportunity to look deep within themselves for answers to life’s questions.
(914) 219-6965 View (914) 219-6965
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Kingston, NY

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Kingston, NY who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
67% Coping Skills
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
49% Cigna and Evernorth
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Kingston, NY see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
19% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Kingston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.