Therapists in Towson, MD

Photo of Nina Davey, LCPC, PMH-C, ATR-BC
Nina Davey
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, PMH-C, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that everyone is capable of healing, growth, and resiliency. Although life is constantly changing and moving, I believe that each person can achieve the life and level of happiness they desire through self-exploration and a deeper look into their experiences. I work from an experiential based, relational/attachment model to support your healing journey and to strengthen self-awareness. I use a variety of modalities through a trauma-informed perspective, including Art Therapy, EMDR, and Somatic Experiencing.
I believe that everyone is capable of healing, growth, and resiliency. Although life is constantly changing and moving, I believe that each person can achieve the life and level of happiness they desire through self-exploration and a deeper look into their experiences. I work from an experiential based, relational/attachment model to support your healing journey and to strengthen self-awareness. I use a variety of modalities through a trauma-informed perspective, including Art Therapy, EMDR, and Somatic Experiencing.
(443) 213-0224 View (443) 213-0224
Photo of Allison Berg-Lewis, LCSW-C , LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allison Berg-Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C , LICSW
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204  (Online Only)
Allison enjoys helping adults and teens with a variety of challenges including, depression, anxiety, ADHD, social difficulties, school challenges, life transitions, and more. Allison also enjoys helping people with general stress related to changes in life or general dissatisfaction with parts of your life in addition to those struggling with managing symptoms of various mental health challenges. Allison also enjoys working with people who need help finding their own independence and/or need support with setting boundaries with others. Allison is LGBTQIA+ allied.
Allison enjoys helping adults and teens with a variety of challenges including, depression, anxiety, ADHD, social difficulties, school challenges, life transitions, and more. Allison also enjoys helping people with general stress related to changes in life or general dissatisfaction with parts of your life in addition to those struggling with managing symptoms of various mental health challenges. Allison also enjoys working with people who need help finding their own independence and/or need support with setting boundaries with others. Allison is LGBTQIA+ allied.
(508) 403-9880 View (508) 403-9880
Photo of Sara Smoley - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Towson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Towson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(855) 524-5193 View (855) 524-5193
Photo of Colleen Allen Novak, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colleen Allen Novak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21204
I am a therapist who specializes in treating individuals with Eating Disorders, anxiety, depression, and trauma (EMDR trained). I primarily work with adolescents and young adults who are experiencing disordered eating along with their families to help them navigate a disorder that impacts every part of life.
I am a therapist who specializes in treating individuals with Eating Disorders, anxiety, depression, and trauma (EMDR trained). I primarily work with adolescents and young adults who are experiencing disordered eating along with their families to help them navigate a disorder that impacts every part of life.
(667) 243-9064 View (667) 243-9064
Photo of Yuqing (Ophelia) Cen, LCPC
Yuqing (Ophelia) Cen
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204  (Online Only)
Are you feeling trapped in a cycle of depression, anxiety, anger or self-doubt from a trauma that keeps coming back to you? Although these emotions are overwhelming and challenging, there is hope. I can help you learn skills and strategies to cope with difficult emotions and deepen your understanding of yourself and your trauma. I welcome you to join me on the journey of self-exploration, expanded opportunities while working towards achieving inner peace and balance.
Are you feeling trapped in a cycle of depression, anxiety, anger or self-doubt from a trauma that keeps coming back to you? Although these emotions are overwhelming and challenging, there is hope. I can help you learn skills and strategies to cope with difficult emotions and deepen your understanding of yourself and your trauma. I welcome you to join me on the journey of self-exploration, expanded opportunities while working towards achieving inner peace and balance.
(410) 729-6104 View (410) 729-6104
Photo of Elaina S. Hirsch, LCPC, NCC
Elaina S. Hirsch
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204
Not accepting new clients
Therapy with me centers on you as a whole person and your experiences with the world. Perhaps you are overwhelmed with stress right now, or you want to make a change in your life. Or maybe your life has already changed and you are working on adjusting to it. I meet you where you are now, and together we explore what you need, to help you center yourself and heal, find what is central to your well-being, access your inner reserves, and enhance your strengths to connect meaningfully with your life and relationships.
Therapy with me centers on you as a whole person and your experiences with the world. Perhaps you are overwhelmed with stress right now, or you want to make a change in your life. Or maybe your life has already changed and you are working on adjusting to it. I meet you where you are now, and together we explore what you need, to help you center yourself and heal, find what is central to your well-being, access your inner reserves, and enhance your strengths to connect meaningfully with your life and relationships.
(410) 896-6787 View (410) 896-6787
Photo of Emily Needles, LCPC, LPCMH, NCC, MAC
Emily Needles
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPCMH, NCC, MAC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21286
Not accepting new clients
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who serves primarily young adults, adults, and seniors. I work with a variety of theoretical orientations including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, mindfulness based strategies, and trauma informed skills to include being certified in EMDR. This allows the person who walks through my door to know that we have options on how to proceed in our work together. I offer an abundance of psychoeducation, make many recommendations, and can create more structure in session if it’s of service to the client.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who serves primarily young adults, adults, and seniors. I work with a variety of theoretical orientations including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, mindfulness based strategies, and trauma informed skills to include being certified in EMDR. This allows the person who walks through my door to know that we have options on how to proceed in our work together. I offer an abundance of psychoeducation, make many recommendations, and can create more structure in session if it’s of service to the client.
(443) 903-2464 View (443) 903-2464
Photo of Dr. Candace Waters-Woodward, PsyD, LCPC
Dr. Candace Waters-Woodward
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PsyD, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21204
Are you ready to get your life back on track? The journey of life is full of ups and downs. There is no way to predict what may happen or how those events may impact you. You may encounter roadblocks along the way that leave you feeling, hurt, angry, confused, anxious, or depressed. I will help you identify, navigate and heal from the physical, mental, and emotional barriers that are preventing you from reaching your full potential and living your best life.
Are you ready to get your life back on track? The journey of life is full of ups and downs. There is no way to predict what may happen or how those events may impact you. You may encounter roadblocks along the way that leave you feeling, hurt, angry, confused, anxious, or depressed. I will help you identify, navigate and heal from the physical, mental, and emotional barriers that are preventing you from reaching your full potential and living your best life.
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Photo of Hannah Rose - Rose Wellness, LCPC, LCSW-C, LGPC, LMSW, Counselor
Rose Wellness
Counselor, LCPC, LCSW-C, LGPC, LMSW
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204  (Online Only)
Frustrated with not hearing back from therapists you find online? We guarantee a response to all new inquiries the same day, Monday through Friday. At Rose Wellness, our clinicians have a variety of specialties which include depression & anxiety, relationships, substance use, LGBTQIA+ and gender affirming care, and who are trauma-informed, trained in EMDR, and treat children, adolescents, teenagers, and adults. We currently have 24 amazing therapists, and most are in network with Carefirst, United, Aetna, Cigna, JHU EHP, and Medicaid.
Frustrated with not hearing back from therapists you find online? We guarantee a response to all new inquiries the same day, Monday through Friday. At Rose Wellness, our clinicians have a variety of specialties which include depression & anxiety, relationships, substance use, LGBTQIA+ and gender affirming care, and who are trauma-informed, trained in EMDR, and treat children, adolescents, teenagers, and adults. We currently have 24 amazing therapists, and most are in network with Carefirst, United, Aetna, Cigna, JHU EHP, and Medicaid.
(443) 323-2059 View (443) 323-2059
Photo of Tali Shokek, PsyD, Psychologist
Tali Shokek
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21204
Dr.. Shokek is a psychologist with expertise in treating eating disorders, trauma/PTSD, dissociation, and depression. She has been practicing psychotherapy for twenty years and has been in private practice in Towson since 2014. She completed two year-long predoctoral internships: The first in inpatient eating disorders, the second in college counseling. After earning her doctorate from Widener University's Institute for Graduate Clinical Psych, she completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Sheppard Pratt's Trauma D/Os Program. She has worked extensively with college students and mental health professionals.
Dr.. Shokek is a psychologist with expertise in treating eating disorders, trauma/PTSD, dissociation, and depression. She has been practicing psychotherapy for twenty years and has been in private practice in Towson since 2014. She completed two year-long predoctoral internships: The first in inpatient eating disorders, the second in college counseling. After earning her doctorate from Widener University's Institute for Graduate Clinical Psych, she completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Sheppard Pratt's Trauma D/Os Program. She has worked extensively with college students and mental health professionals.
(410) 793-4315 View (410) 793-4315
Photo of Mark Whitaker, MA, LCPC
Mark Whitaker
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286
Not accepting new clients
Finding a stable sense of well-being can feel like an uphill struggle. It is a continually moving target that requires effort, adaptability, and support to maintain. As a therapist, I provide that support by helping people process and work through the issues they face. And among life’s issues, accepting help can be one of the most difficult. Talking to a stranger about one’s problems is understandably daunting, which is why I strive to create a comfortable environment free of judgment and rich with compassion.
Finding a stable sense of well-being can feel like an uphill struggle. It is a continually moving target that requires effort, adaptability, and support to maintain. As a therapist, I provide that support by helping people process and work through the issues they face. And among life’s issues, accepting help can be one of the most difficult. Talking to a stranger about one’s problems is understandably daunting, which is why I strive to create a comfortable environment free of judgment and rich with compassion.
(443) 341-1008 View (443) 341-1008
Photo of Susan Watson, LCPC, Counselor
Susan Watson
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204
Could old habits and patterns be keeping you from living the life you really want? Too often we think and behave in ways that may have worked for us in the past. However, these patterns may not be helpful in moving us towards the lives we hope to live in the present. If you are ready for change but not sure where to start, it would be my privilege to journey alongside you.
Could old habits and patterns be keeping you from living the life you really want? Too often we think and behave in ways that may have worked for us in the past. However, these patterns may not be helpful in moving us towards the lives we hope to live in the present. If you are ready for change but not sure where to start, it would be my privilege to journey alongside you.
(443) 267-9886 View (443) 267-9886
Photo of Mohammad Taghi Arefnia, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mohammad Taghi Arefnia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286
Perhaps you could be searching here because the problems that have somehow crept into your life have placed realization of your dreams and aspirations at a distance, even in peril? Could you be hoping to learn new ways to negotiate more effectively with the problems, so that you can embark on the path toward your preferred vision of your life? I am an experienced guide, a diligent ally, respectful and culturally aware. I will accompany you on that unique path toward authoring a different, desired story of your life. Versed in Farsi and English and each culture, I invite you to embrace the riches of your culture and local knowledges.
Perhaps you could be searching here because the problems that have somehow crept into your life have placed realization of your dreams and aspirations at a distance, even in peril? Could you be hoping to learn new ways to negotiate more effectively with the problems, so that you can embark on the path toward your preferred vision of your life? I am an experienced guide, a diligent ally, respectful and culturally aware. I will accompany you on that unique path toward authoring a different, desired story of your life. Versed in Farsi and English and each culture, I invite you to embrace the riches of your culture and local knowledges.
(410) 825-5700 View (410) 825-5700
Photo of Hilary Fink, MSW, LCSW-C, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hilary Fink
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, ACSW
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21286
Not accepting new clients
In my practice I provide a safe and trusting environment where you can share your story without judgment. I will help you come up with the necessary tools to face everyday's challenges. I utilize a strengths-based perspective and an individual approach to treating clients. With the use of guided imagery and other modalities you can learn to be the driver of your destiny.
In my practice I provide a safe and trusting environment where you can share your story without judgment. I will help you come up with the necessary tools to face everyday's challenges. I utilize a strengths-based perspective and an individual approach to treating clients. With the use of guided imagery and other modalities you can learn to be the driver of your destiny.
(410) 702-5134 View (410) 702-5134
Photo of Julia Dibos Turner, MS BCBA, LBA, CLC
Julia Dibos Turner
MS BCBA, LBA, CLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21204
Welcome! I have worked in the field of Applied Behavior Analysis in direct service as a behavioral therapist for 16 years and supervising director for 8 years. My background in behavior analysis helps me in understand the WHY'S of human behavior and gives me a foundation to create questions for clients to dig deep within to access greater self awareness. Accessing and understanding of our behavioral choices and patterns helps me help you find the best path and potentially a new direction. Client centered coaching is my philosophy and I look forward to getting to know you and working together to achieve your personal goals.
Welcome! I have worked in the field of Applied Behavior Analysis in direct service as a behavioral therapist for 16 years and supervising director for 8 years. My background in behavior analysis helps me in understand the WHY'S of human behavior and gives me a foundation to create questions for clients to dig deep within to access greater self awareness. Accessing and understanding of our behavioral choices and patterns helps me help you find the best path and potentially a new direction. Client centered coaching is my philosophy and I look forward to getting to know you and working together to achieve your personal goals.
(410) 275-0605 View (410) 275-0605
Photo of Emma Wanroy, MA, LGPC, NCC, Counselor
Emma Wanroy
Counselor, MA, LGPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286  (Online Only)
I believe by exploring our past experiences and relationships we can find answers to better understand our own behaviors and thought processes. Our best healing happens throughout the context of a safe relationship and that is what I offer in therapy; a safe place where my client can explore their pain, trauma, hurt, and confusion in order to heal and live the most meaningful life possible. Feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is essential to doing the hard work of change and healing.
I believe by exploring our past experiences and relationships we can find answers to better understand our own behaviors and thought processes. Our best healing happens throughout the context of a safe relationship and that is what I offer in therapy; a safe place where my client can explore their pain, trauma, hurt, and confusion in order to heal and live the most meaningful life possible. Feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is essential to doing the hard work of change and healing.
(240) 512-8119 View (240) 512-8119
Photo of Adele Feild, LCPC, Counselor
Adele Feild
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21286
Adele Feild brings considerable experience in counseling and education through her work as a mental health therapist, educator and mentor. She has experience working with individuals struggling with mood disorders, anxiety, depression, trauma, trauma related to Adverse Childhood Experience, PTSD, Adjustment Disorders, School related issues, learning differences, Early Onset of Alzheimer/dementia, grief/loss; cultural/racial issues, peer and family conflicts and military service transitions. Adele has considerable experience assisting parents negotiate difficulties they may face with children who learn and behave atypically.
Adele Feild brings considerable experience in counseling and education through her work as a mental health therapist, educator and mentor. She has experience working with individuals struggling with mood disorders, anxiety, depression, trauma, trauma related to Adverse Childhood Experience, PTSD, Adjustment Disorders, School related issues, learning differences, Early Onset of Alzheimer/dementia, grief/loss; cultural/racial issues, peer and family conflicts and military service transitions. Adele has considerable experience assisting parents negotiate difficulties they may face with children who learn and behave atypically.
(443) 234-8722 View (443) 234-8722
Photo of Ryan Boarman, LGPC, Counselor
Ryan Boarman
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204
Ryan takes a "big picture" approach to helping others, acting as a companion to clients as they find and traverse their life journeys. He emphasizes aspects of identity such as ethnicity, gender, sexuality, spirituality, and ability, and how they impact us individually and systemically. Experiencing how powerful stillness and nature can be for psychological healing, Ryan deeply values each person’s untapped potential. He wants to help you figure out who you are, who you want to be, and how you see yourself fitting into the world.
Ryan takes a "big picture" approach to helping others, acting as a companion to clients as they find and traverse their life journeys. He emphasizes aspects of identity such as ethnicity, gender, sexuality, spirituality, and ability, and how they impact us individually and systemically. Experiencing how powerful stillness and nature can be for psychological healing, Ryan deeply values each person’s untapped potential. He wants to help you figure out who you are, who you want to be, and how you see yourself fitting into the world.
(443) 446-4728 View (443) 446-4728
Photo of Marci Saltzman, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marci Saltzman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Towson, MD 21286
Have you disliked therapy in the past? Do you struggle to connect to providers? I work best with clients looking for feedback and who enjoy being compassionately challenged. I like to bring humor and radical genuineness into sessions. I enjoy being myself in sessions and work to create an environment where you feel you can be yourself as well. I work with adults as well as couples, who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, gender identity, life transitions, parenting challenges and relationship issues. I use an eclectic approach rooted in a variety of evidenced based practices.
Have you disliked therapy in the past? Do you struggle to connect to providers? I work best with clients looking for feedback and who enjoy being compassionately challenged. I like to bring humor and radical genuineness into sessions. I enjoy being myself in sessions and work to create an environment where you feel you can be yourself as well. I work with adults as well as couples, who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, gender identity, life transitions, parenting challenges and relationship issues. I use an eclectic approach rooted in a variety of evidenced based practices.
(410) 469-8622 View (410) 469-8622
Photo of Shannon Wilson-Murray, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shannon Wilson-Murray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Towson, MD 21204
Are you exhausted by the ways you've been affected by yours or someone else's issues or addictions? Make the choice to get the support you need to turn things around regardless of how tough things may be around you. It takes courage to make changes but most of us need support to be successful at it. For many years working in mental health treatment I've helped individuals, groups and couples follow through on their inclination that the time for them to begin making changes is now.
Are you exhausted by the ways you've been affected by yours or someone else's issues or addictions? Make the choice to get the support you need to turn things around regardless of how tough things may be around you. It takes courage to make changes but most of us need support to be successful at it. For many years working in mental health treatment I've helped individuals, groups and couples follow through on their inclination that the time for them to begin making changes is now.
(410) 936-7004 View (410) 936-7004
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Towson, MD

800+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Towson, MD who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
71% Coping Skills
71% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% CareFirst
73% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Towson, MD see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Towson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.