Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists in Manchester, TN
![Photo of Dr. Tamela R. Sadler, PhD, LP - TN, LP - HI, PSYPACT, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a082aabc-e924-495c-afd0-693a3c0ee9bd/3/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Tamela R. Sadler
Psychologist, PhD, LP - TN, LP - HI, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
Manchester, TN 37355 (Online Only)
Have you been struggling with work stress, relationship stress, or just life stress? Has your mood not been where you would like for it to be? Do you need support in learning other ways to manage life and life stress? I have over twenty years of experience in working with both acute and chronic stressors. I help clients get from where they are to where they would like to be using talk therapy, behavioral modification, and cognitive strategies to see the world from new perspectives. Let's connect!
Have you been struggling with work stress, relationship stress, or just life stress? Has your mood not been where you would like for it to be? Do you need support in learning other ways to manage life and life stress? I have over twenty years of experience in working with both acute and chronic stressors. I help clients get from where they are to where they would like to be using talk therapy, behavioral modification, and cognitive strategies to see the world from new perspectives. Let's connect!
![Photo of Patricia Barr, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/82a1ecdf-dd5f-4d5f-b587-20d9cebe4a2e/3/320x400.jpeg)
Patricia Barr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester, TN 37355 (Online Only)
Are you seeking a safe space where you can be heard,.. be honest,.. be encouraged and empowered? Are you ready to tackle unresolved issues past and present? Now is the time. My goal is to help you gain insight and develop skills for growth and balance.
Are you seeking a safe space where you can be heard,.. be honest,.. be encouraged and empowered? Are you ready to tackle unresolved issues past and present? Now is the time. My goal is to help you gain insight and develop skills for growth and balance.
![Photo of Cynthia R Cox, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4e3ace23-adb1-4e87-bc58-b6dd7c43c19a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Cynthia R Cox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Manchester, TN 37355 (Online Only)
Life can be difficult at times. It is nice to have someone you can confide in about life struggles you are experiencing. Pain unfortunately is a part of the human experience. There are many reasons we may seek therapy, but regardless of your reason, we could all benefit from a little extra support in life, especially when times are rough. I am dedicated to helping individuals, adolescents, and families.
Life can be difficult at times. It is nice to have someone you can confide in about life struggles you are experiencing. Pain unfortunately is a part of the human experience. There are many reasons we may seek therapy, but regardless of your reason, we could all benefit from a little extra support in life, especially when times are rough. I am dedicated to helping individuals, adolescents, and families.
![Photo of John Philip Rogers, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/478b58c6-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
John Philip Rogers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Manchester, TN 37355
How many times have you been at the end of your rope with seemingly no where to turn? How many times have you made statements like: "I have got to do something different," "I am tired of the merry-go-round," and each time with the best intentions? Many times we get stuck in the same patterns of behaviors or interactions and have no idea how to stop or change that pattern. Many times we try and try but to no avail. Well congratulations! You have taken the first step toward that change you have long wanted!
How many times have you been at the end of your rope with seemingly no where to turn? How many times have you made statements like: "I have got to do something different," "I am tired of the merry-go-round," and each time with the best intentions? Many times we get stuck in the same patterns of behaviors or interactions and have no idea how to stop or change that pattern. Many times we try and try but to no avail. Well congratulations! You have taken the first step toward that change you have long wanted!
![Photo of Tammy Henderson - Solutions Education Center, Inc, MEd, LADAC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5c867e4e-f050-401a-b718-f4faa09ab8a3/2/320x400.jpeg)
Solutions Education Center, Inc
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MEd, LADAC
Verified Verified
Manchester, TN 37355 (Online Only)
Solutions Education Center, Inc. serves adults and youth ages 13-18. We provide early intervention for prevention of substance use disorders as well as assessments and outpatient interventions for individuals who have developed a substance use disorder or are at risk. Solutions provides gender specific treatment opportunities, having both men's groups as well as LGBTQIA friendly groups. We provide certified facilitators for Spanish speaking individuals. Solutions Education Center seeks to mitigate Adverse Childhood Experiences through interventions targeting family violence and parenting programs.
Solutions Education Center, Inc. serves adults and youth ages 13-18. We provide early intervention for prevention of substance use disorders as well as assessments and outpatient interventions for individuals who have developed a substance use disorder or are at risk. Solutions provides gender specific treatment opportunities, having both men's groups as well as LGBTQIA friendly groups. We provide certified facilitators for Spanish speaking individuals. Solutions Education Center seeks to mitigate Adverse Childhood Experiences through interventions targeting family violence and parenting programs.
![Photo of Victoria Murphree, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c42b026c-b930-438e-a745-1801c9bf2a4f/1/320x400.jpeg)
Tori Murphree is passionate about creating a warm and safe space where individuals of all walks of life can find the healing they deserve. She has over 5 years of experience as a clinician and almost 10 years in the social work field treating a wide variety of issues with adults and adolescents. Tori utilizes an integrative and trauma informed approach specializing in EMDR.
Tori Murphree is passionate about creating a warm and safe space where individuals of all walks of life can find the healing they deserve. She has over 5 years of experience as a clinician and almost 10 years in the social work field treating a wide variety of issues with adults and adolescents. Tori utilizes an integrative and trauma informed approach specializing in EMDR.
![Photo of Audrie Nicholson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d632153e-e023-4201-af6f-108110502fad/1/320x400.jpeg)
Audrie Nicholson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester, TN 37355
Choices, we all have them. Sometimes life gives us more than we can handle. Sometimes we need help going trough choices we have to make. Sometimes we need help navigating past choices or choices of others. I help clients to experience a safe environment to explore your life choices and challenges without judgement. Together we can explore the challenging areas in life and distress you are experiencing to customize an individual approach to treatment. I use a holistic, whole person approach with the goal of restoring your body, mind, and soul.
Choices, we all have them. Sometimes life gives us more than we can handle. Sometimes we need help going trough choices we have to make. Sometimes we need help navigating past choices or choices of others. I help clients to experience a safe environment to explore your life choices and challenges without judgement. Together we can explore the challenging areas in life and distress you are experiencing to customize an individual approach to treatment. I use a holistic, whole person approach with the goal of restoring your body, mind, and soul.
![Photo of Jeanine A Bernache, MA, LPC-MHS, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a413d3ad-bc40-44e6-ba3f-d8574efc9e51/3/320x400.jpeg)
Jeanine A Bernache
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-MHS
Verified Verified
Manchester, TN 37349 (Online Only)
I have a limited private practice using Telehealth in Nashville and surrounding area specializing in depression, anxiety, transitions (including leaving religion), sexual identity, and trauma. My practice is limited to adolescents and adults. My hours are Tues/Weds/Thurs evenings from 5:00-8:00
I have a limited private practice using Telehealth in Nashville and surrounding area specializing in depression, anxiety, transitions (including leaving religion), sexual identity, and trauma. My practice is limited to adolescents and adults. My hours are Tues/Weds/Thurs evenings from 5:00-8:00
![Photo of Robin Bayne, LCSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5386a4d9-9d87-42cd-9b36-a3c32004a508/1/320x400.jpeg)
"There are wounds that never show on the body that are deeper and more hurtful than anything that bleeds." – Laurell K. Hamilton. You are struggling to manage painful feelings and it is spilling into multiple areas of your life — sabotaging meaningful relationships and disrupting your work life. It is difficult to focus on a task for more than a few minutes before you are sucked into the negative thought spiral. Past experiences haunt you, driving you to use those self-destructive behaviors you thought you left behind. It is difficult to imagine a life where you are content and feel safe.
"There are wounds that never show on the body that are deeper and more hurtful than anything that bleeds." – Laurell K. Hamilton. You are struggling to manage painful feelings and it is spilling into multiple areas of your life — sabotaging meaningful relationships and disrupting your work life. It is difficult to focus on a task for more than a few minutes before you are sucked into the negative thought spiral. Past experiences haunt you, driving you to use those self-destructive behaviors you thought you left behind. It is difficult to imagine a life where you are content and feel safe.
![Photo of Beth Wheeler - Wheeler & Wheeler Counseling, Pastoral Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1eb33fce-33c9-4157-a4fa-6b9d72facc52/1/320x400.png)
When looking for a couples counselor why choose between a male or female counselor? Why not have both? At Wheeler and Wheeler Counseling we work as a husband and wife duo providing both individual counseling - individually, as well as couples counseling - collaboratively. We are licensed Christian counselors who integrate faith with the daily challenges our clients face. We love collaborating with couples in marriage counseling, premarital counseling, and what we like to call prebaby counseling. As partners in both life and practice, we bring a deep understanding of the joys, struggles, and intricacies in relationships.
When looking for a couples counselor why choose between a male or female counselor? Why not have both? At Wheeler and Wheeler Counseling we work as a husband and wife duo providing both individual counseling - individually, as well as couples counseling - collaboratively. We are licensed Christian counselors who integrate faith with the daily challenges our clients face. We love collaborating with couples in marriage counseling, premarital counseling, and what we like to call prebaby counseling. As partners in both life and practice, we bring a deep understanding of the joys, struggles, and intricacies in relationships.
![Photo of Tammie L. Elkins, MA, BS, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/27aba488-8f12-4406-943d-0b8d422e8e3e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Do you live in constant fear? Are you overwhelmed by grief? Do you find yourself feeling sad, withdrawn, irritable, and lonely? Are you struggling to communicate with your teen? Do you often wonder why they behave in certain ways? If so, I would like to help. We all would like to think we are strong enough to overcome these issues on our own, but there comes a time when we need to reach out for additional help. I specialize in treating trauma, mood disorders, and grief. I also have worked extensively with teens and their families, so I know the problems that are unique to teens.
Do you live in constant fear? Are you overwhelmed by grief? Do you find yourself feeling sad, withdrawn, irritable, and lonely? Are you struggling to communicate with your teen? Do you often wonder why they behave in certain ways? If so, I would like to help. We all would like to think we are strong enough to overcome these issues on our own, but there comes a time when we need to reach out for additional help. I specialize in treating trauma, mood disorders, and grief. I also have worked extensively with teens and their families, so I know the problems that are unique to teens.
![Photo of Laura J Harris, MS, LPC/, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/388e5609-4e0f-42cb-8888-d79debe3f133/1/320x400.jpeg)
Laura J Harris
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC/, MHSP
Verified Verified
Manchester, TN 37355 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Listening to where you have been, understanding your choices, and helping you discover who you are and where you want to go from here is an honor. Let me help you take the “abnormal” out of your normal, your well-being and confidentiality are my priorities. I am a generalist counselor with experience in Trauma, Grief, Disillusionment with Religion, and co-occurring disorders. I utilize many tools including not limited to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Gestalt, Solution Focused, and CBT. I also have the privileges to diagnose if needed for insurance reimbursement.
Listening to where you have been, understanding your choices, and helping you discover who you are and where you want to go from here is an honor. Let me help you take the “abnormal” out of your normal, your well-being and confidentiality are my priorities. I am a generalist counselor with experience in Trauma, Grief, Disillusionment with Religion, and co-occurring disorders. I utilize many tools including not limited to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Gestalt, Solution Focused, and CBT. I also have the privileges to diagnose if needed for insurance reimbursement.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Jessica Wilson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/abe878b6-238a-48e9-80e0-b3621d4ee21e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Jessica Wilson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tullahoma, TN 37388 (Online Only)
In addition, my therapeutic services also include conducting evaluations for presurgical bariatric surgery, ADHD, mood and personality disorders, I practice from solutions-focused and cognitive-behavioral standpoints.
Many people struggle with feelings of anxiety, uncertainty, being overwhelmed, or feeling “off,” but cannot identify why. Maybe you’ve tried therapy before and you didn’t experience the progress you were hoping for, or maybe you are considering therapy for the first time, either way, I am available to help you. Emotional pain can lead to long term issues for the mind and body alike and I am able to create a comfortable space for you to discuss your concerns with while educating you on practical solutions to implement in your daily life. Life is busy and it can seem like there are not enough hours in the day for one more commitment.
In addition, my therapeutic services also include conducting evaluations for presurgical bariatric surgery, ADHD, mood and personality disorders, I practice from solutions-focused and cognitive-behavioral standpoints.
Many people struggle with feelings of anxiety, uncertainty, being overwhelmed, or feeling “off,” but cannot identify why. Maybe you’ve tried therapy before and you didn’t experience the progress you were hoping for, or maybe you are considering therapy for the first time, either way, I am available to help you. Emotional pain can lead to long term issues for the mind and body alike and I am able to create a comfortable space for you to discuss your concerns with while educating you on practical solutions to implement in your daily life. Life is busy and it can seem like there are not enough hours in the day for one more commitment.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Karen Grossman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ca4e624b-37b8-4c8d-a5b7-157fb0a3d288/2/320x400.jpeg)
With many years of experience as a therapist, she has a versatile skillset, utilizing techniques from Psychodynamic Therapy, CBT, and DBT Therapy.
Karen is an experienced Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has a passion for helping her clients find fulfillment in their lives. Her strength is empathy, listening compassionately while creating a warm, comfortable space for clients to feel safe and be able to open up. She helps her clients reach their goals through an approach that blends self-acceptance with fostering change and growth. She is open-minded, non-judgmental, and strives to be culturally competent.
With many years of experience as a therapist, she has a versatile skillset, utilizing techniques from Psychodynamic Therapy, CBT, and DBT Therapy.
Karen is an experienced Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has a passion for helping her clients find fulfillment in their lives. Her strength is empathy, listening compassionately while creating a warm, comfortable space for clients to feel safe and be able to open up. She helps her clients reach their goals through an approach that blends self-acceptance with fostering change and growth. She is open-minded, non-judgmental, and strives to be culturally competent.
![Photo of Crystal Nyhus, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/478e7e21-7a00-4c5b-89c8-eacf93e7d13f/2/320x400.jpeg)
Crystal Nyhus
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clarksville, TN 37043
Waitlist for new clients
Shah Rukh Khan - "Healing doesn't mean the damage never existed. It means the damage no longer controls your life." I assist individuals, couples, and families in navigating, processing, healing, & overcoming complex life changes, traumas, or specific challenges that impact their lives. I also work with individuals struggling with new or existing TBIs in addition to aiding individuals in finding their purpose in life after major life changes. I have a direct approach with clients which often expedites a client's progress. Specifically, I use CBT, DBT, PCT, Solution Focused Therapy, & Gottman Method to help clients reach their goals.
Shah Rukh Khan - "Healing doesn't mean the damage never existed. It means the damage no longer controls your life." I assist individuals, couples, and families in navigating, processing, healing, & overcoming complex life changes, traumas, or specific challenges that impact their lives. I also work with individuals struggling with new or existing TBIs in addition to aiding individuals in finding their purpose in life after major life changes. I have a direct approach with clients which often expedites a client's progress. Specifically, I use CBT, DBT, PCT, Solution Focused Therapy, & Gottman Method to help clients reach their goals.
![Photo of Aiesha D Walker, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4eac272d-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
These therapy methods include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Trauma Focus CBT, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy.
** Now offering convenient weekend hours** As a therapist, I believe that compassion, understanding, and trust are important in the therapist-client relationship. I aim to have that with each and every client I see. I have experience working in residential facilities and private agencies assisting troubled youth and their families from diverse backgrounds and a range of concerns. I am also known for conducting creative group therapy for teens, parents, and women. In my private practice I welcome individuals, children, teens, couples, families.
These therapy methods include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Trauma Focus CBT, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy.
** Now offering convenient weekend hours** As a therapist, I believe that compassion, understanding, and trust are important in the therapist-client relationship. I aim to have that with each and every client I see. I have experience working in residential facilities and private agencies assisting troubled youth and their families from diverse backgrounds and a range of concerns. I am also known for conducting creative group therapy for teens, parents, and women. In my private practice I welcome individuals, children, teens, couples, families.
![Photo of Amy Shelton, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/44600c11-738d-438c-8e43-87f1dfb68993/1/320x400.jpeg)
Amy Shelton (LPC-MHSP) received her B.A. in Psychology and M.A. in Clinical Psychology from Middle Tennessee State University. Amy completed a PhD. in Clinical Counseling: Teaching and Supervision at Trevecca Nazarene University. Beginning her career as a College Therapist and Counselor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Amy has over 10 years of experience in both counseling and teaching psychology, She has a passion for helping people and provides care with a patient centered approach. Amy uses an integrative counseling method that leans heavily on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to meet each patient’s individual needs.
Amy Shelton (LPC-MHSP) received her B.A. in Psychology and M.A. in Clinical Psychology from Middle Tennessee State University. Amy completed a PhD. in Clinical Counseling: Teaching and Supervision at Trevecca Nazarene University. Beginning her career as a College Therapist and Counselor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Amy has over 10 years of experience in both counseling and teaching psychology, She has a passion for helping people and provides care with a patient centered approach. Amy uses an integrative counseling method that leans heavily on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to meet each patient’s individual needs.
![Photo of Eleanor Persekian, MEd, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b33d3cd8-d685-4322-8377-4736758fc69b/3/320x400.jpeg)
Eleanor Persekian
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I utilize a variety of therapeutic orientations such as CBT, solution focused, and person-centered approach.
I am accepting new patients! I work with adolescents 16 and over and adults. I have experience working with various presenting concerns and my specialties include anxiety, depression, body image issues, social skills, life transitions, self-esteem, stress management, and school issues.
I utilize a variety of therapeutic orientations such as CBT, solution focused, and person-centered approach.
I am accepting new patients! I work with adolescents 16 and over and adults. I have experience working with various presenting concerns and my specialties include anxiety, depression, body image issues, social skills, life transitions, self-esteem, stress management, and school issues.
![Photo of Harmony Claire Mahler, LPC Intern](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/140ebdc5-6ac2-435e-9173-3b05b5ed2180/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am trained in Emotional Focused Therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive processing therapy and trauma focused cognitive therapy.
Life hits hard sometimes. Whether it is due to loss, painful memories, tragedy or everyday stressors, sometimes life leaves us maxed out. Our overwhelmed systems may cope by going into overdrive with anxiety or by shutting down into depression. Regardless of the particulars, when life knocks us down, sometimes we need support to get back up.
I am trained in Emotional Focused Therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive processing therapy and trauma focused cognitive therapy.
Life hits hard sometimes. Whether it is due to loss, painful memories, tragedy or everyday stressors, sometimes life leaves us maxed out. Our overwhelmed systems may cope by going into overdrive with anxiety or by shutting down into depression. Regardless of the particulars, when life knocks us down, sometimes we need support to get back up.
![Photo of Aline Defiglia, LCSW, MPH, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/33523d83-630f-4de9-b046-8dcc2c00c92c/1/320x400.jpeg)
Aline Defiglia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37408
I draw from a wide body of therapeutic and coaching techniques including EFT (Emotional Freedom Technique or "tapping"), Clinical Hypnotherapy, DBT skills, mindfulness practices, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal neurobiology, non-violent communication, and holistic/integrative health practices.
I own a dynamic group practice in Chattanooga called Ascend Coaching and Therapy. We work with clients in-person at our office in downtown Chattanooga, virtually via phone or video, and outside in the beautiful forests of TN via ecotherapy sessions. I offer Life Coaching, Clinical Hypnotherapy and Integrative Psychotherapy to help you make and keep personal and professional changes, fulfill your potential, improve your health, and heal from the negative experiences and beliefs that hold you back.
I draw from a wide body of therapeutic and coaching techniques including EFT (Emotional Freedom Technique or "tapping"), Clinical Hypnotherapy, DBT skills, mindfulness practices, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal neurobiology, non-violent communication, and holistic/integrative health practices.
I own a dynamic group practice in Chattanooga called Ascend Coaching and Therapy. We work with clients in-person at our office in downtown Chattanooga, virtually via phone or video, and outside in the beautiful forests of TN via ecotherapy sessions. I offer Life Coaching, Clinical Hypnotherapy and Integrative Psychotherapy to help you make and keep personal and professional changes, fulfill your potential, improve your health, and heal from the negative experiences and beliefs that hold you back.
See more therapy options for Manchester
Nearby Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists Searches for Manchester
See More Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) TherapistsCognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists
How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?
Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.
When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?
It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.
How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?
To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.
Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?
CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.