Chronic Pain Therapists in Bluffton, SC

Photo of Dick Anthony Genardi, PhD, BCN, Psychologist
Dick Anthony Genardi
Psychologist, PhD, BCN
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29909  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in helping persons with chronic, disabling medical and mental health conditions improve their quality of life. In our work together, you will learn self-regulation skills for the management of physical and emotional concerns; lessen the impact of pain, reduce anxious feelings, increase positive mood. To help you accomplish your goals, I combine psychotherapy with methods from neuroscience and physiology. Based on your needs, offerings may include traditional biofeedback and quantitative EEG guided neurofeedback (BF&NF), heart rate variability training(HRV),pulsed/repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS), cranial electrical stimulation (CES), transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS)
I specialize in helping persons with chronic, disabling medical and mental health conditions improve their quality of life. In our work together, you will learn self-regulation skills for the management of physical and emotional concerns; lessen the impact of pain, reduce anxious feelings, increase positive mood. To help you accomplish your goals, I combine psychotherapy with methods from neuroscience and physiology. Based on your needs, offerings may include traditional biofeedback and quantitative EEG guided neurofeedback (BF&NF), heart rate variability training(HRV),pulsed/repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS), cranial electrical stimulation (CES), transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS)
(937) 329-9114 View (937) 329-9114
Photo of Royce V Malphrus, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Royce V Malphrus
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29909
My 50 years of experience in the behavioral change and personal growth and potential field has afforded many experiences in many facilities, currently a private practice setting. My therapeutic approach is multifaceted, focused on solutions. Psychophysiology is another area of emphasis for me and I address this with Biofeedback, Neurofeedback and Passive Infrared Hemoencephalogrophy, procedures effective for anxiety, stress mangaement, chronic pain, ADD, and optimal performance.
My 50 years of experience in the behavioral change and personal growth and potential field has afforded many experiences in many facilities, currently a private practice setting. My therapeutic approach is multifaceted, focused on solutions. Psychophysiology is another area of emphasis for me and I address this with Biofeedback, Neurofeedback and Passive Infrared Hemoencephalogrophy, procedures effective for anxiety, stress mangaement, chronic pain, ADD, and optimal performance.
(843) 751-4665 View (843) 751-4665
Photo of Robert L Lolik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robert L Lolik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910  (Online Only)
I am eclectic in my therapy approach collaborating with each client to achieve their goals. Generally I emphasize cognitive and behavioral techniques combined with sufficient psychodynamic understanding of our personality functioning. I work with alternative techniques, including hypnosis. I am known for my optimistic energy and engaging, nurturing style. I look into each client to see excitement rather than anxiety, adventure rather than apprehension, vitality rather than drudgery, empowerment rather that loss of control, courage and strength rather than pain. I advocate trying something new, breaking the old patterns that continue to produce the unwanted consequences.
I am eclectic in my therapy approach collaborating with each client to achieve their goals. Generally I emphasize cognitive and behavioral techniques combined with sufficient psychodynamic understanding of our personality functioning. I work with alternative techniques, including hypnosis. I am known for my optimistic energy and engaging, nurturing style. I look into each client to see excitement rather than anxiety, adventure rather than apprehension, vitality rather than drudgery, empowerment rather that loss of control, courage and strength rather than pain. I advocate trying something new, breaking the old patterns that continue to produce the unwanted consequences.
(843) 252-0954 View (843) 252-0954
Photo of Greg Schenkel, LISW-CP, JD, LMT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Greg Schenkel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, JD, LMT
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
Life is constantly changing & pressing on us, leading to stress, and calling for our growth. Rather than looking for acceptance or healing from others, it's important to look inward. This understanding of who we are & how we operate eases stress & peaceful life transitions. Science verifies that changing our thinking, feeling & behaviors improves the quality of our life. I specialize in connecting people deeply with themselves, decreasing suffering from anxiety, depression, family/relational conflict, grief, chronic pain, panic attacks, low self-esteem and work/school burdens.
Life is constantly changing & pressing on us, leading to stress, and calling for our growth. Rather than looking for acceptance or healing from others, it's important to look inward. This understanding of who we are & how we operate eases stress & peaceful life transitions. Science verifies that changing our thinking, feeling & behaviors improves the quality of our life. I specialize in connecting people deeply with themselves, decreasing suffering from anxiety, depression, family/relational conflict, grief, chronic pain, panic attacks, low self-esteem and work/school burdens.
(843) 287-9512 View (843) 287-9512
Photo of Jessica E. Joyce, PsyD, Psychologist
Jessica E. Joyce
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
Dr. Joyce is a licensed clinical psychologist. Her degrees are from Rutgers University and Alliant University-California Professional School of Psychology. Dr. Joyce is the lead psychologist and owner of Psychological & Counseling Associates of the Lowcountry. Dr. Joyce specializes in depression, anxiety, PTSD/Trauma, bipolar disorder, cumulative trauma, marital issues, and psychological assessments. She has an accomplished background working with law enforcement, military, first responders and others who work in a high stress environment. Dr. Joyce also has a great deal of experience treating those affected by acute trauma, cu
Dr. Joyce is a licensed clinical psychologist. Her degrees are from Rutgers University and Alliant University-California Professional School of Psychology. Dr. Joyce is the lead psychologist and owner of Psychological & Counseling Associates of the Lowcountry. Dr. Joyce specializes in depression, anxiety, PTSD/Trauma, bipolar disorder, cumulative trauma, marital issues, and psychological assessments. She has an accomplished background working with law enforcement, military, first responders and others who work in a high stress environment. Dr. Joyce also has a great deal of experience treating those affected by acute trauma, cu
(916) 665-4539 View (916) 665-4539
Photo of Diana J Krafcik, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Diana J Krafcik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29909
I am providing confidential video calls and in person sessions; a safe place to address conflicts and stressors with a safe person. You may be struggling with depression or anxiety or dealing with relationship and/or self esteem issues. I'm here in Bluffton. It may help to have someone to talk to honestly about how you are really feeling. We will develop strategies together to enhance structure and supports to cope more effectively during this time. I am here for you.
I am providing confidential video calls and in person sessions; a safe place to address conflicts and stressors with a safe person. You may be struggling with depression or anxiety or dealing with relationship and/or self esteem issues. I'm here in Bluffton. It may help to have someone to talk to honestly about how you are really feeling. We will develop strategies together to enhance structure and supports to cope more effectively during this time. I am here for you.
(201) 400-0520 View (201) 400-0520
Photo of Leslie Slemmons, LISW-CP, RYT200, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leslie Slemmons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, RYT200
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Bluffton, SC 29910
Your body is exhausted, and so are you. Would you like compassionate care to heal from disordered eating and/or trauma? As a trained IFS therapist, somatic healer, and yoga practitioner I work in collaboration with individuals to experience the benefits of feeling at ease in one's mind, body, spirit. If you want to engage in therapy with a more holistic approach that includes not just "talking" about your problems but actually FEELING inside better then I encourage you to reach out. Past clients report after working with me a greater sense of connection with themselves and others. Body Trust is a birthright and you are worthy of it.
Your body is exhausted, and so are you. Would you like compassionate care to heal from disordered eating and/or trauma? As a trained IFS therapist, somatic healer, and yoga practitioner I work in collaboration with individuals to experience the benefits of feeling at ease in one's mind, body, spirit. If you want to engage in therapy with a more holistic approach that includes not just "talking" about your problems but actually FEELING inside better then I encourage you to reach out. Past clients report after working with me a greater sense of connection with themselves and others. Body Trust is a birthright and you are worthy of it.
(843) 594-2838 View (843) 594-2838
Photo of Katy Hamilton, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katy Hamilton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
Waitlist for new clients
Hi there, I'm glad you're here! I'm Katy and I'm a licensed professional counselor. Thank you for considering me as your therapist. I'm here to help you navigate any challenges you may be facing and provide you with a safe and non-judgmental space to express yourself. I'm a firm believer that everyone has the ability to heal and grow, and I'm committed to helping you achieve your goals. Together, we can work towards developing coping skills, building resilience, and finding meaning and purpose in your life. I look forward to beginning this journey with you!
Hi there, I'm glad you're here! I'm Katy and I'm a licensed professional counselor. Thank you for considering me as your therapist. I'm here to help you navigate any challenges you may be facing and provide you with a safe and non-judgmental space to express yourself. I'm a firm believer that everyone has the ability to heal and grow, and I'm committed to helping you achieve your goals. Together, we can work towards developing coping skills, building resilience, and finding meaning and purpose in your life. I look forward to beginning this journey with you!
(843) 285-6149 View (843) 285-6149
Photo of Jodi Leigh Calfee (Formerly Known Watts), MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jodi Leigh Calfee (Formerly Known Watts)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
Take the time for you. Therapy is about finding your best self! You have the answers deep within you. I believe each person has the ability to be their own healer. My ultimate goal is to provide a genuine and safe therapeutic environment. Through mistakes and failure, we can become resilient and even more vibrant and strong. Sometimes, we just need a helping hand. I am honored to provide guidance in this vital journey. You can do this! Half the battle is just getting here. Reach out and make it happen.. “The magic you are looking for is the work you are avoiding. ”
Take the time for you. Therapy is about finding your best self! You have the answers deep within you. I believe each person has the ability to be their own healer. My ultimate goal is to provide a genuine and safe therapeutic environment. Through mistakes and failure, we can become resilient and even more vibrant and strong. Sometimes, we just need a helping hand. I am honored to provide guidance in this vital journey. You can do this! Half the battle is just getting here. Reach out and make it happen.. “The magic you are looking for is the work you are avoiding. ”
(843) 900-0722 View (843) 900-0722
Photo of Akacia Voorhies, LMSW
Akacia Voorhies
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bluffton, SC 29910
Have you been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or not like your usual self? Could you use support in navigating recent changes and life experiences, such as becoming a new parent or recently ending a relationship? Are you in a season of life where you are trying to succeed in new or existing roles? Have you been through something traumatic and need help processing your experience? Maybe you just need a safe space with someone you can talk to? If that is you, first, I want to say you are not alone and second, I am happy you are here searching for someone who can help you.
Have you been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or not like your usual self? Could you use support in navigating recent changes and life experiences, such as becoming a new parent or recently ending a relationship? Are you in a season of life where you are trying to succeed in new or existing roles? Have you been through something traumatic and need help processing your experience? Maybe you just need a safe space with someone you can talk to? If that is you, first, I want to say you are not alone and second, I am happy you are here searching for someone who can help you.
(843) 738-2132 View (843) 738-2132
Photo of Jessica Joyce - Psychological & Counseling Associates of the Lowco, PsyD, Psychologist
Psychological & Counseling Associates of the Lowco
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bluffton, SC 29910
The practice is owned by Dr. Jessica Joyce, PsyD and the practice is comprised of doctoral-level psychologists and several other master's and doctoral level licensed clinicians who provide quality mental health care. As a mental health collective, we assist members by providing therapy, assessment, counseling and more. We help our clients to connect with one of our doctors who can meet their needs and is available online or in-person. Our clinicians work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, families, and seniors for assessment and psychotherapy.
The practice is owned by Dr. Jessica Joyce, PsyD and the practice is comprised of doctoral-level psychologists and several other master's and doctoral level licensed clinicians who provide quality mental health care. As a mental health collective, we assist members by providing therapy, assessment, counseling and more. We help our clients to connect with one of our doctors who can meet their needs and is available online or in-person. Our clinicians work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, families, and seniors for assessment and psychotherapy.
(843) 594-1505 View (843) 594-1505
Photo of Rachael Bell Individual-Couples Counseling And Mental Health Assessments, MS, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachael Bell Individual-Couples Counseling And Mental Health Assessments
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bluffton, SC 29909
Gain a new perspective and improve your quality of life! Individual, Family and Couples Therapy are available for PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, Relational or Sexual issues, as well any other struggles you would hope to overcome (see "specialties section" below). I have Masters Degrees in both Clinical Psychology and Health Psychology, as well as more than 19 years of experience working with clients in psychiatric facilities, private practice, prisons and forensic institutes in the U.S. and Europe. Licensed in South Carolina and Georgia. Let my experience work for you!
Gain a new perspective and improve your quality of life! Individual, Family and Couples Therapy are available for PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, Relational or Sexual issues, as well any other struggles you would hope to overcome (see "specialties section" below). I have Masters Degrees in both Clinical Psychology and Health Psychology, as well as more than 19 years of experience working with clients in psychiatric facilities, private practice, prisons and forensic institutes in the U.S. and Europe. Licensed in South Carolina and Georgia. Let my experience work for you!
(912) 289-8635 View (912) 289-8635
Photo of Dominique Driessen Espana, LPC, Counselor
Dominique Driessen Espana
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910  (Online Only)
Feeling stressed? Overwhelmed? Anxious? Down? Many people experience these emotions and are afraid to say something. I can offer a safe space for you to begin your journey to healing. My therapeutic approach is one in which I utilize Person-Centered Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Feeling stressed? Overwhelmed? Anxious? Down? Many people experience these emotions and are afraid to say something. I can offer a safe space for you to begin your journey to healing. My therapeutic approach is one in which I utilize Person-Centered Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(843) 779-6863 View (843) 779-6863
Walter J Warneck Jr
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, ThM, DMin
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
With more that thirty years of pastoral and clinical experience in private practice, institutions and churches I provide traditional counseling/therapy for individuals, couples and families in my capacity as a licensed marriage and family therapist and licensed marriage and family therapy supervisor. As a Board Certified Pastoral Counselor, I also provide Christian spiritual life coaching and faith perspectives on life and relationship issues. The goal is to bring clinical and pastoral expertise to the counseling process. My work is with individuals, couples, families and small groups.
With more that thirty years of pastoral and clinical experience in private practice, institutions and churches I provide traditional counseling/therapy for individuals, couples and families in my capacity as a licensed marriage and family therapist and licensed marriage and family therapy supervisor. As a Board Certified Pastoral Counselor, I also provide Christian spiritual life coaching and faith perspectives on life and relationship issues. The goal is to bring clinical and pastoral expertise to the counseling process. My work is with individuals, couples, families and small groups.
(843) 603-3607 View (843) 603-3607
Photo of Lynn E Geiger, PhD, Psychologist
Lynn E Geiger
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910  (Online Only)
As a young girl, I wanted to be a teacher. I got my teaching certificate and then a degree in counseling and guidance. Increasingly, the field of psychology captured my attention. My training focused on children and families which led to working with couples. In my work with children, I developed expertise in the areas of trauma and pediatric illnesses and led to trauma with adults and to work in end-of-life issues. The field of psychology has changed so much! 40 years ago people attended therapy for years. Now people can utilize the tools and strategies the therapy can provide in fewer than five sessions.
As a young girl, I wanted to be a teacher. I got my teaching certificate and then a degree in counseling and guidance. Increasingly, the field of psychology captured my attention. My training focused on children and families which led to working with couples. In my work with children, I developed expertise in the areas of trauma and pediatric illnesses and led to trauma with adults and to work in end-of-life issues. The field of psychology has changed so much! 40 years ago people attended therapy for years. Now people can utilize the tools and strategies the therapy can provide in fewer than five sessions.
(833) 924-0880 View (833) 924-0880
Photo of Leigh Diotalevi - Bluffton Okatie Counseling Center, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bluffton Okatie Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910
We are a group of counselors with different skills, specialties, and credentials. We strive to have a clinician suited for each and every client who contacts us. We are happy to check your insurance benefits prior to your visit. All of our clinicians are trauma-informed and trained in either TF-CBT or EMDR. We help clients as young as five through retirement age. We are conveniently located in the Riverwalk Business Park. We are 2 miles from Bluffton in the Okatie area of Ridgeland.
We are a group of counselors with different skills, specialties, and credentials. We strive to have a clinician suited for each and every client who contacts us. We are happy to check your insurance benefits prior to your visit. All of our clinicians are trauma-informed and trained in either TF-CBT or EMDR. We help clients as young as five through retirement age. We are conveniently located in the Riverwalk Business Park. We are 2 miles from Bluffton in the Okatie area of Ridgeland.
(843) 547-3993 View (843) 547-3993
Photo of Dr. Katie Rider Mundey, PhD, HSP, Psychologist
Dr. Katie Rider Mundey
Psychologist, PhD, HSP
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29909
Life throws women many curveballs. Perhaps you are battling with infertility and the emotional challenges that accompany it. Maybe you are a new mom and you feel overwhelmed and uncomfortable in your own skin. You may have experienced sexual trauma and now struggle with a constant sense of fear and dread, or you could be one of the many women who have a painful relationship with food and your body. Perhaps your joy is gone, or your relationships have become painful and complicated. You could be juggling multiple roles and feel that you’ve lost touch with your authentic self. I'm so glad you are here, because there is hope!
Life throws women many curveballs. Perhaps you are battling with infertility and the emotional challenges that accompany it. Maybe you are a new mom and you feel overwhelmed and uncomfortable in your own skin. You may have experienced sexual trauma and now struggle with a constant sense of fear and dread, or you could be one of the many women who have a painful relationship with food and your body. Perhaps your joy is gone, or your relationships have become painful and complicated. You could be juggling multiple roles and feel that you’ve lost touch with your authentic self. I'm so glad you are here, because there is hope!
(843) 633-4708 View (843) 633-4708
Photo of Sandra Knapp, LPC, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sandra Knapp
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPC-S
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Bluffton, SC 29910
Waitlist for new clients
Do you often feel responsible for everyone and everything? Accompanied by feelings of guilt and shame if you can’t do it all. Do thoughts of failure or not being good enough often cross your mind? It seems like you've tried everything, but nothing seems to work, at least not for long. It is likely that you have hidden your difficult feelings behind rigid emotional walls for years. It can be difficult to reach out to a therapist and share your vulnerable self. Therapeutic relationship is the largest factor in facilitating change, so I understand the importance of finding the right fit.
Do you often feel responsible for everyone and everything? Accompanied by feelings of guilt and shame if you can’t do it all. Do thoughts of failure or not being good enough often cross your mind? It seems like you've tried everything, but nothing seems to work, at least not for long. It is likely that you have hidden your difficult feelings behind rigid emotional walls for years. It can be difficult to reach out to a therapist and share your vulnerable self. Therapeutic relationship is the largest factor in facilitating change, so I understand the importance of finding the right fit.
(843) 258-4813 View (843) 258-4813
Michelle Foraker
Counselor, LMHC-QS, LPC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29910  (Online Only)
Licensed in Florida, Georgia, New Hampshire, Wisconsin, Tennessee, South Carolina, Indiana, and Virginia. Virtual counseling and coaching is just as effective as in person and is extremely convenient. We are able to maintain a personal, intimate setting. You will receive a warm, compassionate, non-judgmental, and safe space to explore and implement solutions. You will be provided with options to build on your personal strengths and make improvements in your life. I have been providing services to a variety of people and appreciate the opportunity to be a part of assisting you on your journey to achieve your dreams and goals.
Licensed in Florida, Georgia, New Hampshire, Wisconsin, Tennessee, South Carolina, Indiana, and Virginia. Virtual counseling and coaching is just as effective as in person and is extremely convenient. We are able to maintain a personal, intimate setting. You will receive a warm, compassionate, non-judgmental, and safe space to explore and implement solutions. You will be provided with options to build on your personal strengths and make improvements in your life. I have been providing services to a variety of people and appreciate the opportunity to be a part of assisting you on your journey to achieve your dreams and goals.
(772) 758-0325 View (772) 758-0325
Photo of Renee Sutton, Counsel, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Renee Sutton
Licensed Professional Counselor, Counsel, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bluffton, SC 29909
Not accepting new clients
We want to hear about your pain and how we can help you so each treatment plan is individualized to your unique needs and preferences.
With an integrative counseling model, I help clients align mind, body, and spirit for healing, especially when doctors can't find causes for physical pain or traumatic experience. Together we find your unique healing path using a variety of approaches that relax, empower you in self-care, increase tolerance towards stress and change, which everyone encounters in this society. Clients have reported regaining their inner and higher loving guidance with more purposeful direction in life. Check for various support groups (cancer & healthcare professional), stress reduction & trauma recovery classes, and Mindfulness groups that are held.
We want to hear about your pain and how we can help you so each treatment plan is individualized to your unique needs and preferences.
With an integrative counseling model, I help clients align mind, body, and spirit for healing, especially when doctors can't find causes for physical pain or traumatic experience. Together we find your unique healing path using a variety of approaches that relax, empower you in self-care, increase tolerance towards stress and change, which everyone encounters in this society. Clients have reported regaining their inner and higher loving guidance with more purposeful direction in life. Check for various support groups (cancer & healthcare professional), stress reduction & trauma recovery classes, and Mindfulness groups that are held.
(843) 547-2154 View (843) 547-2154

Nearby Chronic Pain Therapists Searches for Bluffton

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Chronic Pain Therapists

How does chronic pain therapy work?

Engaging with a psychotherapist to help treat chronic pain does not mean that one’s pain is all in their head. Therapy for chronic-pain patients has been shown to benefit both the mind and the body, targeting physical symptoms and increasing daily functioning. In other words, for many, addressing their emotional health through therapy affects their physical health. A therapist can help a client challenge unhelpful thoughts about pain and develop new ways to respond to it, such as distraction or calming breathing techniques. Studies have found that therapy can be as effective as surgery for certain cases of chronic pain and many doctors recommend trying psychotherapy in advance of considering invasive surgery.

What are the most effective treatment options for chronic pain?

Stress, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, ruminating, lack of activity, and social withdrawal all make chronic pain worse. Addressing these issues, research shows, can help people gain control over their pain symptoms. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, along with greater pain-management education, have been found to help people reduce fear and disability.

Are there new treatments for chronic pain?

Many cases of chronic pain, particularly those involving back pain, remain medically unexplained. But there is evidence that changes in the brain or nervous system are caused by previous physical ailments such as tissue damage; in such cases, the brain may continue to send out pain signals despite the physical cause having healed. To aid patients under these circumstances, a recently developed treatment known as pain reprocessing therapy (PRT) is designed to help the brain “unlearn” this response. A PRT practitioner helps individuals to reduce the “threat value” of their ongoing pain signals until they can reappraise them as less threatening and fear-inducing. They also help an individual to develop new emotional regulation skills.

How long does therapy for chronic pain take?

There is no set timeline for recovery from chronic pain, especially as there may be a range of physical and psychological causes for any individual’s discomfort, but most patients should expect to see a therapist for a number of weeks or months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions. Studies of pain reprocessing therapy found that many individuals’ experience of pain lessened in eight sessions over four weeks.