Therapists in Caldwell, NJ

Photo of Lisa B Hipscher, MA, LPC, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa B Hipscher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
No one is immune from the pressures and stressors of everyday life. Whether it’s navigating work or school, the dynamics of family, the ups and downs of friendship, quieting the noise of anxiety or wrestling free from the pull of depression, I create and provide you the space and support you need to get to know yourself better. I help each of my clients expand their level of self-awareness to make positive changes in their lives. I specialize in treating life transitions, depression, anxiety, and ADHD. My goal is to provide a safe and nurturing environment in which clients can openly express their emotional needs and find solutions.
No one is immune from the pressures and stressors of everyday life. Whether it’s navigating work or school, the dynamics of family, the ups and downs of friendship, quieting the noise of anxiety or wrestling free from the pull of depression, I create and provide you the space and support you need to get to know yourself better. I help each of my clients expand their level of self-awareness to make positive changes in their lives. I specialize in treating life transitions, depression, anxiety, and ADHD. My goal is to provide a safe and nurturing environment in which clients can openly express their emotional needs and find solutions.
(973) 908-8296 View (973) 908-8296
Photo of Jennifer Ra, PsyD, Psychologist
Jennifer Ra
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Here we go again. Your teenager's mood is foul and you have no idea why. You've heard, "Oh wait until the teenage years," but didn't realize how tough this would be. There must be a way to help, but it seems like nothing gets them out of their funk. It's hard to watch your child seem so unmotivated, sad, anxious, and irritated. And heaven forbid you'd ask them to complete even the simplest of tasks, which results in a groan like you're telling them to build a house from the ground up. But the worst is when they blame you for it all. If you're giving your teen everything they could ever want, what do they have to be so sad about?
Here we go again. Your teenager's mood is foul and you have no idea why. You've heard, "Oh wait until the teenage years," but didn't realize how tough this would be. There must be a way to help, but it seems like nothing gets them out of their funk. It's hard to watch your child seem so unmotivated, sad, anxious, and irritated. And heaven forbid you'd ask them to complete even the simplest of tasks, which results in a groan like you're telling them to build a house from the ground up. But the worst is when they blame you for it all. If you're giving your teen everything they could ever want, what do they have to be so sad about?
(862) 766-6413 View (862) 766-6413
Photo of Corinne Laird, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Corinne Laird
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006  (Online Only)
Starting therapy can feel daunting, and my goal is to provide a safe and comfortable space in which to begin the process. My clients tend to be introspective people with loud inner critics who seek relief from anxiety, shame and relational trauma. Many are helpers and artists who place great value on how they show up in the world but struggle internally with low self-esteem, maintaining boundaries and making decisions. Using a collaborative, curious and nonjudgmental approach, I assist my clients in clarifying their values and goals, resolving ambivalence and building deeper connections.
Starting therapy can feel daunting, and my goal is to provide a safe and comfortable space in which to begin the process. My clients tend to be introspective people with loud inner critics who seek relief from anxiety, shame and relational trauma. Many are helpers and artists who place great value on how they show up in the world but struggle internally with low self-esteem, maintaining boundaries and making decisions. Using a collaborative, curious and nonjudgmental approach, I assist my clients in clarifying their values and goals, resolving ambivalence and building deeper connections.
(201) 365-9698 View (201) 365-9698
Photo of Chris Tomkins, LPC, NCC, ACS, CCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Chris Tomkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, ACS, CCS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Everyone has unrealized goals. Maybe you're having trouble with motivation, or you don't know where to start. Maybe you're feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or depression. Or wondering whether your drinking is getting in the way. I help people transform the obstacles keeping them from being their best selves. Therapy with me is a collaborative partnership where we work together to get you where you want to be.
Everyone has unrealized goals. Maybe you're having trouble with motivation, or you don't know where to start. Maybe you're feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or depression. Or wondering whether your drinking is getting in the way. I help people transform the obstacles keeping them from being their best selves. Therapy with me is a collaborative partnership where we work together to get you where you want to be.
(973) 878-0956 View (973) 878-0956
Photo of Michael Barretti, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michael Barretti
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
As a counselor, I focus on working with adolescents and adults to address issues of anxiety, depression and low self-esteem.
As a counselor, I focus on working with adolescents and adults to address issues of anxiety, depression and low self-esteem.
(973) 521-8497 View (973) 521-8497
Photo of Nicole-Marie R. Helmstetter, MA, LPC, Counselor
Nicole-Marie R. Helmstetter
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
For both newcomers and those who’ve had counseling in the past, I am here to support you in this process. In our work together, you will find empathy and genuine non-judgment, respect for your worldview and culture, and the value of your collaboration. I instill advocacy and will help you to access other resources. I bring experience, continued education, and sincere dedication to our work. I wholeheartedly believe that every challenge in life presents opportunities to recognize existing strengths and discover new ones. I am committed to supporting your goals, your overcoming obstacles, and reclaiming expertise over your own life.
For both newcomers and those who’ve had counseling in the past, I am here to support you in this process. In our work together, you will find empathy and genuine non-judgment, respect for your worldview and culture, and the value of your collaboration. I instill advocacy and will help you to access other resources. I bring experience, continued education, and sincere dedication to our work. I wholeheartedly believe that every challenge in life presents opportunities to recognize existing strengths and discover new ones. I am committed to supporting your goals, your overcoming obstacles, and reclaiming expertise over your own life.
(862) 579-3422 View (862) 579-3422
Photo of Alexis Stein, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alexis Stein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
My practice is centered on helping my clients achieve an improved quality of life. If you are seeking therapy because something in your life has become seemingly unmanageable, we will develop the necessary communication and coping skills to address the issue. I specialize in relationships, marital issues, female/male sexual functioning, parenting issues, maternal and paternal health, trauma, and addiction issues. Psychotherapy with me can provide a safe, honest space to explore anxieties and fears while focusing on behavioral patterns, creating self awareness and applying mindfulness to facilitate growth and promote resiliency.
My practice is centered on helping my clients achieve an improved quality of life. If you are seeking therapy because something in your life has become seemingly unmanageable, we will develop the necessary communication and coping skills to address the issue. I specialize in relationships, marital issues, female/male sexual functioning, parenting issues, maternal and paternal health, trauma, and addiction issues. Psychotherapy with me can provide a safe, honest space to explore anxieties and fears while focusing on behavioral patterns, creating self awareness and applying mindfulness to facilitate growth and promote resiliency.
(973) 233-1238 View (973) 233-1238
Photo of Daniel T. Rowen, MA, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Daniel T. Rowen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Managing relationships, work, family, friends, school, career paths, and/or kids, can be complicated, frustrating, and exhausting. We do our best to navigate these experiences, but there comes a point when we feel stuck, depressed, anxious, confused, and/or lost. We typically do a good job of suppressing these issues, until we just can't do it anymore. When these times arise, which they always do, it is helpful to have a supportive, nonjudgmental guide to walk with you as you explore and navigate your thoughts and feelings.
Managing relationships, work, family, friends, school, career paths, and/or kids, can be complicated, frustrating, and exhausting. We do our best to navigate these experiences, but there comes a point when we feel stuck, depressed, anxious, confused, and/or lost. We typically do a good job of suppressing these issues, until we just can't do it anymore. When these times arise, which they always do, it is helpful to have a supportive, nonjudgmental guide to walk with you as you explore and navigate your thoughts and feelings.
(973) 435-4260 View (973) 435-4260
Photo of Shana Dastur, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shana Dastur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Consider the messages you learned from your family growing up, and how those life lessons found their way into the way you view the world. How do they inform the way you see yourself? What is their impact on how you connect to others in relationships? In our work together we uncover deeply held beliefs about others and the world that may be causing us to repeat unhelpful patterns of behavior. Repeating these patterns can cause us to feel a myriad of negative feelings- confusion, frustration and loneliness. I aim to create a warm, empathic and caring relationship that allows you to feel heard and understood.
Consider the messages you learned from your family growing up, and how those life lessons found their way into the way you view the world. How do they inform the way you see yourself? What is their impact on how you connect to others in relationships? In our work together we uncover deeply held beliefs about others and the world that may be causing us to repeat unhelpful patterns of behavior. Repeating these patterns can cause us to feel a myriad of negative feelings- confusion, frustration and loneliness. I aim to create a warm, empathic and caring relationship that allows you to feel heard and understood.
(201) 508-9657 View (201) 508-9657
Photo of Catherine Codella, MA, ATR-BC, LPC, ATCS, ACS, Counselor
Catherine Codella
Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC, ATCS, ACS
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
I believe the creative process, inherent in everyone, can be used as a meaningful tool to help individuals develop personal insight and self- awareness. My clients are guided and supported to use art materials and the creative process to develop symbols and metaphors in their resulting art work which produces the vehicle for expression and communication. Cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness are also used in treatment.
I believe the creative process, inherent in everyone, can be used as a meaningful tool to help individuals develop personal insight and self- awareness. My clients are guided and supported to use art materials and the creative process to develop symbols and metaphors in their resulting art work which produces the vehicle for expression and communication. Cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness are also used in treatment.
(201) 355-4433 View (201) 355-4433
Photo of Dr. Natashia Collins, LPAT, ACS, ATCS, ATR-BC, PMH-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Natashia Collins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPAT, ACS, ATCS, ATR-BC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006  (Online Only)
Welcome! As a dedicated practitioner, I am here to support you. Many of my clients seek therapy to manage stress from life's daily challenges. I am particularly passionate about helping individuals navigate significant life changes and transitions, including parenthood and the perinatal period. With advanced training and certification in perinatal mental health from Postpartum Support International, I provide expert care and compassionate support during this critical time.
Welcome! As a dedicated practitioner, I am here to support you. Many of my clients seek therapy to manage stress from life's daily challenges. I am particularly passionate about helping individuals navigate significant life changes and transitions, including parenthood and the perinatal period. With advanced training and certification in perinatal mental health from Postpartum Support International, I provide expert care and compassionate support during this critical time.
(973) 840-8598 View (973) 840-8598
Photo of Marisa Giuliani-O Keefe, LPC, LMFT, Ed, S, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marisa Giuliani-O Keefe
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT, Ed, S
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Thank you for taking the time to explore my profile! My name is Marisa Giuliani-O'Keefe and my specialty is Marriage and Family Therapy. I practice a system's focused form of therapy that explores both current situational issues, as well as, generational family patterns. I see couples both married and dating, as well as, individuals who are single or single again. I see children in conjunction with their parents to help support the family structure. The best way to get a sense of how I work is to check out my instagram @loveaccordingtomarisa and my site www.marisagiulianiokeefe.com
Thank you for taking the time to explore my profile! My name is Marisa Giuliani-O'Keefe and my specialty is Marriage and Family Therapy. I practice a system's focused form of therapy that explores both current situational issues, as well as, generational family patterns. I see couples both married and dating, as well as, individuals who are single or single again. I see children in conjunction with their parents to help support the family structure. The best way to get a sense of how I work is to check out my instagram @loveaccordingtomarisa and my site www.marisagiulianiokeefe.com
(973) 241-4140 View (973) 241-4140
Photo of Katie DeFrank, LPC, CPLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katie DeFrank
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CPLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
One of the most difficult aspects of issues like anxiety, depression, and overwhelm can be the thought that something is "wrong" with you. You may feel like everyone else seems to have it all together, or they're at least coping well compared to you. When we isolate ourselves with those types of thoughts, it can bring us to a place where we feel unmotivated, unworthy and incapable of seeing things getting any better. At Katie DeFrank Counseling, it is my mission for you to know and feel that you're not alone, your struggle is legitimate, you are worth getting help, and that change for the better is not only possible, but a choice.
One of the most difficult aspects of issues like anxiety, depression, and overwhelm can be the thought that something is "wrong" with you. You may feel like everyone else seems to have it all together, or they're at least coping well compared to you. When we isolate ourselves with those types of thoughts, it can bring us to a place where we feel unmotivated, unworthy and incapable of seeing things getting any better. At Katie DeFrank Counseling, it is my mission for you to know and feel that you're not alone, your struggle is legitimate, you are worth getting help, and that change for the better is not only possible, but a choice.
(201) 254-0095 View (201) 254-0095
Photo of Cindy Hamilton, LPAT, LPC, ATR-BC, ACS, ATCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cindy Hamilton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPAT, LPC, ATR-BC, ACS, ATCS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Hello, are you looking to make a change in some way...? My personal goal as a therapist is to help people express themselves and be their best. In order to do this, I utilize talk and the creative arts therapies. You may discover the mode of therapy that best suits you. You may find the grounding you need in your life, learn new coping skills, and see your ability to reach your full potential by making connections that you may not see on your own.
Hello, are you looking to make a change in some way...? My personal goal as a therapist is to help people express themselves and be their best. In order to do this, I utilize talk and the creative arts therapies. You may discover the mode of therapy that best suits you. You may find the grounding you need in your life, learn new coping skills, and see your ability to reach your full potential by making connections that you may not see on your own.
(908) 838-4810 View (908) 838-4810
Photo of Tara Riverso, LPC, MA, EdS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tara Riverso
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, EdS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006  (Online Only)
Your well-being is your greatest asset-protect it. Instead of maintaining whatever issue you are dealing with, I work with people at getting at the core of the problem to see if we can uproot it for good. I have a Jungian holistic approach to healing which means I will look at all areas of your life...relationships, work, health, spirituality, etc. The way we talk to ourselves is important and I'd love to help you have a better relationship with yourself. Our bodies are our best guide map and I will teach you how to tune into your body to get the answers that you need. We have all the answers, we just have difficulty trusting that.
Your well-being is your greatest asset-protect it. Instead of maintaining whatever issue you are dealing with, I work with people at getting at the core of the problem to see if we can uproot it for good. I have a Jungian holistic approach to healing which means I will look at all areas of your life...relationships, work, health, spirituality, etc. The way we talk to ourselves is important and I'd love to help you have a better relationship with yourself. Our bodies are our best guide map and I will teach you how to tune into your body to get the answers that you need. We have all the answers, we just have difficulty trusting that.
(973) 886-8429 View (973) 886-8429
Photo of Dr. Marline Francois, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Marline Francois
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Whether you're dealing with stressors from work, a recent breakup, peer/parental conflicts, or anxiety from your busy schedule. Maybe you're feeling extremely anxious and have a tough time prioritizing your schedule which is causing tension in other areas of your life. Perhaps, you're a teen girl who is experiencing challenges in managing your emotions and in need of a safe space to process your thoughts and feelings.
Whether you're dealing with stressors from work, a recent breakup, peer/parental conflicts, or anxiety from your busy schedule. Maybe you're feeling extremely anxious and have a tough time prioritizing your schedule which is causing tension in other areas of your life. Perhaps, you're a teen girl who is experiencing challenges in managing your emotions and in need of a safe space to process your thoughts and feelings.
(862) 206-7232 View (862) 206-7232
Photo of Latasha M George, LSW, LMSW
Latasha M George
Licensed Social Worker, LSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Hi! I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges. With years of experience in the field of social work, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your concerns and work toward positive change. While working together, you can expect a warm, non-judgmental, and empathetic space where you can explore strategies to enhance your well-being and improve your coping skills.
Hi! I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges. With years of experience in the field of social work, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your concerns and work toward positive change. While working together, you can expect a warm, non-judgmental, and empathetic space where you can explore strategies to enhance your well-being and improve your coping skills.
(973) 453-9654 View (973) 453-9654
Photo of Jaclyn Walker, LSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaclyn Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006  (Online Only)
I aim to create a comfortable and caring environment so my clients can speak freely. I offer a welcoming and safe space to speak about life's challenges while coming up with solutions to obstacles. Listening and understanding is my priority, so that I can provide a hopeful outlook towards overcoming each issue and work towards a brighter future. Your potential is endless. Your child's potential is endless.
I aim to create a comfortable and caring environment so my clients can speak freely. I offer a welcoming and safe space to speak about life's challenges while coming up with solutions to obstacles. Listening and understanding is my priority, so that I can provide a hopeful outlook towards overcoming each issue and work towards a brighter future. Your potential is endless. Your child's potential is endless.
(973) 528-5934 View (973) 528-5934
Photo of Elizabeth Greenberg - Elizabeth Greenberg, Counselor, LLC, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elizabeth Greenberg, Counselor, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
I work with adults who are experiencing feelings of depression and anxiety; loss; responses to trauma and individuals with bipolar disorder. My role is to help you develop skills to manage your emotions, instead of letting your emotions manage you.
I work with adults who are experiencing feelings of depression and anxiety; loss; responses to trauma and individuals with bipolar disorder. My role is to help you develop skills to manage your emotions, instead of letting your emotions manage you.
(973) 457-4859 View (973) 457-4859
Photo of Jeannine Zoppi, PhD, Psychologist
Jeannine Zoppi
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006  (Online Only)
I strongly feel that healing can take place only in the context of a relationship in which someone experiences safety, compassion and understanding. It is through this process that people can awaken in themselves the possibilities for growth and transformation, often hidden by the negative effects of trauma, depression, anxiety, anger and loss. In my treatment approach, I communicate to my patients that they are not alone in their suffering, that they have the strength to tolerate the uncertainties of life, and they do have choices even if they feel stuck and alone.
I strongly feel that healing can take place only in the context of a relationship in which someone experiences safety, compassion and understanding. It is through this process that people can awaken in themselves the possibilities for growth and transformation, often hidden by the negative effects of trauma, depression, anxiety, anger and loss. In my treatment approach, I communicate to my patients that they are not alone in their suffering, that they have the strength to tolerate the uncertainties of life, and they do have choices even if they feel stuck and alone.
(973) 970-3903 View (973) 970-3903
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Caldwell, NJ

70+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Caldwell, NJ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
80% Self Esteem
77% Coping Skills
69% Stress
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Aetna
48% BlueCross and BlueShield
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Caldwell, NJ see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
21% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Caldwell?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.