Therapists in Clearwater, FL

View neighborhoods in Clearwater
Photo of Erin Satterlee 360 Counseling, MS, NCC
Erin Satterlee 360 Counseling
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33761
Burnout, anxiety, stress... do these words sound familiar? If so, I've been there too! Being a previous police officer, I understand the stress and pressures that accompany our careers and everyday lives which can easily become overwhelming. I want to help clients reach their full potential by providing a safe environment to process whatever they are experiencing. I believe that clients are the experts of their lives, and I am here to help guide them on their journey. Our office also offers free services for first responders (EMS, Police, Fire of Pinellas).
Burnout, anxiety, stress... do these words sound familiar? If so, I've been there too! Being a previous police officer, I understand the stress and pressures that accompany our careers and everyday lives which can easily become overwhelming. I want to help clients reach their full potential by providing a safe environment to process whatever they are experiencing. I believe that clients are the experts of their lives, and I am here to help guide them on their journey. Our office also offers free services for first responders (EMS, Police, Fire of Pinellas).
(727) 619-1763 View (727) 619-1763
Photo of Marianne Bergmann Williams - Clinical Therapeutic Health Group, MS, LMHC, BCN-I, Counselor
Clinical Therapeutic Health Group
Counselor, MS, LMHC, BCN-I
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33759
Clinical Therapeutic Health Group provides science-based approaches for assessment, testing and potential diagnosis of mental health disorders and related neurological and other medical conditions. This comprehensive and integrative process ensures diagnostic accuracy and a baseline for patient treatment modality. As a group of professional Clinicians we ensure our patients ages 5 to adult are provided care which incorporates the latest mental health research and a supportive environment. We also offer testing for school/work accommodations, and legal matters such as disability, guardianship, custody, and criminal cases, etc.
Clinical Therapeutic Health Group provides science-based approaches for assessment, testing and potential diagnosis of mental health disorders and related neurological and other medical conditions. This comprehensive and integrative process ensures diagnostic accuracy and a baseline for patient treatment modality. As a group of professional Clinicians we ensure our patients ages 5 to adult are provided care which incorporates the latest mental health research and a supportive environment. We also offer testing for school/work accommodations, and legal matters such as disability, guardianship, custody, and criminal cases, etc.
(727) 287-5025 View (727) 287-5025
Photo of Loredana Repetto, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Loredana Repetto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33761
Maintaining an integrative approach, I incorporate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT, EMDR and Self Regulation techniques modalities in my therapeutic practice. My specialties are Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Sexual Trauma, Depression and Anxiety. I believe that while it is crucial to have the knowledge and skills to implement the most effective evidence base protocols, the primary focus of my work is to create a safe therapeutic relationship with my clients, with whom I adopt a collaborative approach in order to tailor a treatment plan based on their needs and their cultural background.
Maintaining an integrative approach, I incorporate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT, EMDR and Self Regulation techniques modalities in my therapeutic practice. My specialties are Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Sexual Trauma, Depression and Anxiety. I believe that while it is crucial to have the knowledge and skills to implement the most effective evidence base protocols, the primary focus of my work is to create a safe therapeutic relationship with my clients, with whom I adopt a collaborative approach in order to tailor a treatment plan based on their needs and their cultural background.
(727) 619-1542 View (727) 619-1542
Photo of Stephanie Bottoni, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Bottoni
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33762
Adversity can present an opportunity for amazing personal growth and understanding. I am passionate about taking a collaborative adventure with my clients as they gain new insights and obtain recovery life skills.
Adversity can present an opportunity for amazing personal growth and understanding. I am passionate about taking a collaborative adventure with my clients as they gain new insights and obtain recovery life skills.
(727) 359-0353 View (727) 359-0353
Photo of Yvonne Cochran, Pre-Licensed Professional
Yvonne Cochran
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33759
*** Now Accepting New Clients! *** The decision to begin therapy can be challenging. At ClearPath Health, we view therapy as a collaborative process in which clients are encouraged to explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a supportive, non-judgmental, and compassionate setting. Clients who have completed treatment leave with new coping skills, a renewed sense of confidence and fresh perspectives on their lives. Reach out today for an appointment.
*** Now Accepting New Clients! *** The decision to begin therapy can be challenging. At ClearPath Health, we view therapy as a collaborative process in which clients are encouraged to explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a supportive, non-judgmental, and compassionate setting. Clients who have completed treatment leave with new coping skills, a renewed sense of confidence and fresh perspectives on their lives. Reach out today for an appointment.
(727) 855-4976 View (727) 855-4976
Photo of Lauren Messina, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Lauren Messina
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33761
Hi there and welcome! Therapy can be healing, informative, and lifechanging, but it can also be a journey full of self-disclosure, self-discovery, and inner work. Although jumping into therapy can be difficult, I am happy to guide you through the process! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and PhD student at the University of the Cumberlands. Using an integrative approach, I walk alongside my clients through their emotional struggles, behavior patterns, thought processes and one’s overall healing journey. I believe that healing is not linear, and everyone’s experiences and stories are different.
Hi there and welcome! Therapy can be healing, informative, and lifechanging, but it can also be a journey full of self-disclosure, self-discovery, and inner work. Although jumping into therapy can be difficult, I am happy to guide you through the process! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and PhD student at the University of the Cumberlands. Using an integrative approach, I walk alongside my clients through their emotional struggles, behavior patterns, thought processes and one’s overall healing journey. I believe that healing is not linear, and everyone’s experiences and stories are different.
(727) 739-2033 View (727) 739-2033
Photo of Mary Ellen Baker-Gayne, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Ellen Baker-Gayne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33763
Are you struggling with changes in your life? Change in life is certain;constant fear and pain doesn't have to be. When you talk about the struggles in your life; when you share your life story; when you explore the meaning of your thoughts and feelings; moments of great insight and understanding are possible. I can help you gain insight; process the meanings of your thoughts and feelings; create solutions or obtain resolutions of difficult experiences. Whether you are struggling in relationships; with life stage issues; losses or other transitions; it is both healthy and beneficial to seek professsional guidance.
Are you struggling with changes in your life? Change in life is certain;constant fear and pain doesn't have to be. When you talk about the struggles in your life; when you share your life story; when you explore the meaning of your thoughts and feelings; moments of great insight and understanding are possible. I can help you gain insight; process the meanings of your thoughts and feelings; create solutions or obtain resolutions of difficult experiences. Whether you are struggling in relationships; with life stage issues; losses or other transitions; it is both healthy and beneficial to seek professsional guidance.
(727) 378-2651 View (727) 378-2651
Photo of Danielle Abali, RCSWI, Pre-Licensed Professional
Danielle Abali
Pre-Licensed Professional, RCSWI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33759
If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or addiction, and seeking a way forward, I’m here to support you. My ideal clients are those, whether children, teens, or young adults, who are navigating life’s challenges but may feel stuck or misunderstood. You might be experiencing emotional overwhelm, struggling with relationships, or searching for coping tools that actually work. Whether you're a parent seeking help for your child, or a young adult dealing with anxiety or addiction, I understand how important it is to feel seen, heard, and supported.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or addiction, and seeking a way forward, I’m here to support you. My ideal clients are those, whether children, teens, or young adults, who are navigating life’s challenges but may feel stuck or misunderstood. You might be experiencing emotional overwhelm, struggling with relationships, or searching for coping tools that actually work. Whether you're a parent seeking help for your child, or a young adult dealing with anxiety or addiction, I understand how important it is to feel seen, heard, and supported.
(727) 761-6830 View (727) 761-6830
Ashley Richard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MCAP
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33764  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Florida. I have been providing counseling to individuals for eleven years. As a therapist, I specialize in providing support to clients dealing with a range of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, feeling "stuck", substance misuse, and every-day issues.
Hello! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Florida. I have been providing counseling to individuals for eleven years. As a therapist, I specialize in providing support to clients dealing with a range of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, feeling "stuck", substance misuse, and every-day issues.
(727) 761-3393 View (727) 761-3393
Photo of Dolly Ferraiuolo, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dolly Ferraiuolo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33759
The dragonfly, in almost every part of the world, symbolizes the change in the perspective of self-realization. The kind of change that has its source in mental and emotional maturity and the understanding of the deeper meaning of life. We weave this meaning into the fabric of our mission and in the work we provide to every client enrolled at SHARE. Are you stuck or lost? Are you struggling with anxiety and fear? Are those intrusive thoughts derailing your days? Feeling disconnected from yourself or your partner(s) can leave you feeling unloved, undesirable, and alone. Whatever your struggle, I am here for you.
The dragonfly, in almost every part of the world, symbolizes the change in the perspective of self-realization. The kind of change that has its source in mental and emotional maturity and the understanding of the deeper meaning of life. We weave this meaning into the fabric of our mission and in the work we provide to every client enrolled at SHARE. Are you stuck or lost? Are you struggling with anxiety and fear? Are those intrusive thoughts derailing your days? Feeling disconnected from yourself or your partner(s) can leave you feeling unloved, undesirable, and alone. Whatever your struggle, I am here for you.
(727) 496-7096 View (727) 496-7096
Photo of Robert S Klein, PhD, PA, Psychologist
Robert S Klein
Psychologist, PhD, PA
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33765
I have been a Florida Licensed Psychologist since 1976, providing the highest quality of Psychological services to children, teenagers, adults, and families in the Tampa Bay area. Although I work with children as young as 2 years old and adults who are over 80 years young, I have always had a heartfelt interest in providing assistance to individuals with special needs and to their family members, as well. As a result of my strong belief that no one lives in a vacuum, whenever I provide therapeutic assistance to an individual, I frequently involve members of that individual's close family.
I have been a Florida Licensed Psychologist since 1976, providing the highest quality of Psychological services to children, teenagers, adults, and families in the Tampa Bay area. Although I work with children as young as 2 years old and adults who are over 80 years young, I have always had a heartfelt interest in providing assistance to individuals with special needs and to their family members, as well. As a result of my strong belief that no one lives in a vacuum, whenever I provide therapeutic assistance to an individual, I frequently involve members of that individual's close family.
(727) 202-5793 View (727) 202-5793
Photo of Leighann Avery, LMHC
Leighann Avery
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33762
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel like you are struggling right now? Are there issues from your past that are keeping you from feeling genuinely happy? Does it feel like your motivation is lacking, your relationships are suffering, and that change has been hard for you?
Do you feel like you are struggling right now? Are there issues from your past that are keeping you from feeling genuinely happy? Does it feel like your motivation is lacking, your relationships are suffering, and that change has been hard for you?
(727) 295-3077 x1 View (727) 295-3077 x1
Photo of Laurie Elbow, LMHC
Laurie Elbow
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33762
I treat a wide range concerns and am confident in referring to other providers if I am not a good fit. I value and acknowledge the unique background and experience of each person and enjoy helping find your voice. I take a collaborative approach to all facets of the process of therapy. I use a range of modalities based on client preference and fit: Strength-based, Solution-focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to name a few. I ask for frequent feedback on the process and its outcomes.
I treat a wide range concerns and am confident in referring to other providers if I am not a good fit. I value and acknowledge the unique background and experience of each person and enjoy helping find your voice. I take a collaborative approach to all facets of the process of therapy. I use a range of modalities based on client preference and fit: Strength-based, Solution-focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to name a few. I ask for frequent feedback on the process and its outcomes.
(727) 349-3871 x703 View (727) 349-3871 x703
Photo of Charlene Richardson, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Charlene Richardson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33765
Are you feeling beaten down, misunderstood, overwhelmed, anxious, sad, or lonely? Do you have trouble saying no, even when you are already stretched thin? Do you often feel unheard or overlooked? Is it difficult to see yourself as God in His compassion sees you? Are you weighed down by a painful past or struggling with difficult relationships? If you are struggling in any of these areas, I can help.
Are you feeling beaten down, misunderstood, overwhelmed, anxious, sad, or lonely? Do you have trouble saying no, even when you are already stretched thin? Do you often feel unheard or overlooked? Is it difficult to see yourself as God in His compassion sees you? Are you weighed down by a painful past or struggling with difficult relationships? If you are struggling in any of these areas, I can help.
(727) 261-1509 View (727) 261-1509
Photo of Andrea Holmes, MPH, LMHC, Counselor
Andrea Holmes
Counselor, MPH, LMHC
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33763
Choosing a therapist is a difficult decision as therapy can often feel like a scary experience. I believe it is essential to create an environment where the therapist provides the safety necessary for the client to express their vulnerability. Therefore it is my goal to meet the client where they are and gently guide them towards resolution of the issues they wish to address. I believe in a collaborative process where we work together towards specific goals.
Choosing a therapist is a difficult decision as therapy can often feel like a scary experience. I believe it is essential to create an environment where the therapist provides the safety necessary for the client to express their vulnerability. Therefore it is my goal to meet the client where they are and gently guide them towards resolution of the issues they wish to address. I believe in a collaborative process where we work together towards specific goals.
(727) 365-8288 View (727) 365-8288
Photo of Renee Michaels, Renee Michaels, PhD, LCSW, CAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Renee Michaels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Renee Michaels, PhD, LCSW, CAP
Verified Verified
Clearwater, FL 33763
Tired of suffering? Been through the "how do you feel about that" therapists? Ready for someone different? Ready for change? Do you want to invest in your greatest asset? I'm ready to coach you through it. I will tell you in the first session how I can help you, and help you learn how to love yourself, again. I provide therapy in Florida either virtual or in-person.
Tired of suffering? Been through the "how do you feel about that" therapists? Ready for someone different? Ready for change? Do you want to invest in your greatest asset? I'm ready to coach you through it. I will tell you in the first session how I can help you, and help you learn how to love yourself, again. I provide therapy in Florida either virtual or in-person.
(727) 278-8375 View (727) 278-8375
Photo of Ashley Tarschis, RMHCI, MA, BSW
Ashley Tarschis
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI, MA, BSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33761
I am a Registered Mental Health Intern (IMH23038), and Licensed Professional Counselor Associate (R9949) with over 13 years of mental health experience. I have worked with many populations under my scope of practice. I currently work with children, adolescents, individuals, and families to strengthen relationships and their overall functioning. I use evidence-based techniques from CBT, DBT, REBT, SFBT and many other types of therapy with a strength based and client centered approach within my practice. I believe in meeting my clients where they are and providing a safe space to have difficult conversations.
I am a Registered Mental Health Intern (IMH23038), and Licensed Professional Counselor Associate (R9949) with over 13 years of mental health experience. I have worked with many populations under my scope of practice. I currently work with children, adolescents, individuals, and families to strengthen relationships and their overall functioning. I use evidence-based techniques from CBT, DBT, REBT, SFBT and many other types of therapy with a strength based and client centered approach within my practice. I believe in meeting my clients where they are and providing a safe space to have difficult conversations.
(727) 435-1899 View (727) 435-1899
Photo of Karen Lea Plant, MS, LMHC
Karen Lea Plant
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33759
Has your relationship broken down? Does it feel like you aren't being heard or understood? Are you feeling anxious or depressed? Have you experienced trauma in your life and need a safe place to help you process it? I can help you! I provide empathy, active listening, and a genuine interest in understanding your experiences. I am devoted to building a strong therapeutic relationship with you characterized by trust and respect. I've also been told I'm funny at times! Together, we can navigate challenges, achieve personal growth, and improve your life. I will work as hard as you to create the life you want.
Has your relationship broken down? Does it feel like you aren't being heard or understood? Are you feeling anxious or depressed? Have you experienced trauma in your life and need a safe place to help you process it? I can help you! I provide empathy, active listening, and a genuine interest in understanding your experiences. I am devoted to building a strong therapeutic relationship with you characterized by trust and respect. I've also been told I'm funny at times! Together, we can navigate challenges, achieve personal growth, and improve your life. I will work as hard as you to create the life you want.
(727) 739-2824 View (727) 739-2824
Photo of Dr. Jennifer McGinness, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Jennifer McGinness
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33759
As a former college counseling therapist, I connect well with kids, teens, and emerging adults adjusting to newfound independence and responsibilities. I work collaboratively with clients to adapt to these changes and find healthy ways to cope with concerns such as loneliness, low motivation, sadness, frustration, irritability, anxiousness, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. More specifically, I work alongside clients who struggle to ask for help, worry they’re not “good enough,” or feel afraid that others will not like them. I hope to work with clients as they let go of worry, sadness, and self-criticism and experience the present.
As a former college counseling therapist, I connect well with kids, teens, and emerging adults adjusting to newfound independence and responsibilities. I work collaboratively with clients to adapt to these changes and find healthy ways to cope with concerns such as loneliness, low motivation, sadness, frustration, irritability, anxiousness, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. More specifically, I work alongside clients who struggle to ask for help, worry they’re not “good enough,” or feel afraid that others will not like them. I hope to work with clients as they let go of worry, sadness, and self-criticism and experience the present.
(727) 626-5129 View (727) 626-5129
Photo of Loretta Y Harvey, LMHC, Counselor
Loretta Y Harvey
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clearwater, FL 33761
EVERYTHING that happened to you, has happened for you! EVERYTHING you have been through will help you get through! Do you feel weighed down from life stressors? Have you lost your sense of identity or have a low sense of self-worth? Do you have difficulties communicating and sustaining meaningful relationships? Do you feel lost and confused about who you are? Do you keep making poor decisions that result in the same mistakes again and again? Are you in need of a guiding light to help you rediscover who you are? Together we will work on identifying positive coping skills that will lead you toward HARMONY and BALANCE in your life.
EVERYTHING that happened to you, has happened for you! EVERYTHING you have been through will help you get through! Do you feel weighed down from life stressors? Have you lost your sense of identity or have a low sense of self-worth? Do you have difficulties communicating and sustaining meaningful relationships? Do you feel lost and confused about who you are? Do you keep making poor decisions that result in the same mistakes again and again? Are you in need of a guiding light to help you rediscover who you are? Together we will work on identifying positive coping skills that will lead you toward HARMONY and BALANCE in your life.
(813) 212-3907 View (813) 212-3907
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Clearwater, FL

400+

Average cost per session

$136

Therapists in Clearwater, FL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
78% Coping Skills
75% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
72% Stress
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
83% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
82% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Clearwater, FL see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Clearwater?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.