Therapists in Baltimore, MD

View neighborhoods in Baltimore
Photo of Marone Brown, PhD
Marone Brown
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21201  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My ideal client is a client who understands that therapy does not fix you because you are not broken. The ideal client understands that therapy helps them to uncover strengths and learn new skills that will allow them to deal with the challenges that arise in life. Therapy is an interactive process between the client and clinician. My treatment strategies are rooted in an existential approach. I do not believe in a one-size-fits all approach therefore I do not prescribe to a set of techniques and procedures, I draw techniques from a variety of therapeutic modalities to better accommodate my clients needs.
My ideal client is a client who understands that therapy does not fix you because you are not broken. The ideal client understands that therapy helps them to uncover strengths and learn new skills that will allow them to deal with the challenges that arise in life. Therapy is an interactive process between the client and clinician. My treatment strategies are rooted in an existential approach. I do not believe in a one-size-fits all approach therefore I do not prescribe to a set of techniques and procedures, I draw techniques from a variety of therapeutic modalities to better accommodate my clients needs.
(410) 929-3291 View (410) 929-3291
Photo of Dr. Julie D. Lapides, MA, Psy D, Psychologist
Dr. Julie D. Lapides
Psychologist, MA, Psy D
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by changes in your life, like moving to a new place, becoming a parent for the first time, or accepting a new job? Even positive changes can be anxiety provoking. When changes are negative, like a life altering car accident, or the death of someone you love, it may feel like your world is upside down or like you are in a state of shock. As hard as it might be, these reactions are all normal. It helps to discuss changes with an objective professional, who can help you look at your new situation and help you to think clearly about decisions you might need to make.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by changes in your life, like moving to a new place, becoming a parent for the first time, or accepting a new job? Even positive changes can be anxiety provoking. When changes are negative, like a life altering car accident, or the death of someone you love, it may feel like your world is upside down or like you are in a state of shock. As hard as it might be, these reactions are all normal. It helps to discuss changes with an objective professional, who can help you look at your new situation and help you to think clearly about decisions you might need to make.
(410) 650-4858 View (410) 650-4858
Photo of Jordan Goodman, LCPC
Jordan Goodman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21218  (Online Only)
Hey man, have you been feeling stressed or anxious? Do you want to feel more like yourself in your relationships, your work, and your life? I work with guys seeking growth and balance in their relationships, careers, and hobbies.
Hey man, have you been feeling stressed or anxious? Do you want to feel more like yourself in your relationships, your work, and your life? I work with guys seeking growth and balance in their relationships, careers, and hobbies.
(443) 323-1924 View (443) 323-1924
Photo of Nikki Falay, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nikki Falay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
Feeling like your past experiences get in the way of having fulfilling relationships, staying present, or existing free from anxiety or depression can be scary and isolating; especially for those with marginalized identities. As dedicated as you may be to making positive change in your life, sometimes without the right help it can feel like nothing is working or like no improvement is sticking. These points of stuckness often try to drive us further from feeling encouraged or wanting to be vulnerable, but letting someone in who will treat your vulnerabilities with utmost care can be a life changing and growth inducing experience.
Feeling like your past experiences get in the way of having fulfilling relationships, staying present, or existing free from anxiety or depression can be scary and isolating; especially for those with marginalized identities. As dedicated as you may be to making positive change in your life, sometimes without the right help it can feel like nothing is working or like no improvement is sticking. These points of stuckness often try to drive us further from feeling encouraged or wanting to be vulnerable, but letting someone in who will treat your vulnerabilities with utmost care can be a life changing and growth inducing experience.
View
Photo of Grace L Marudas, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Grace L Marudas
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21217
I am a licensed mental health professional with over 7 years experience providing treatment to children and adults of diverse populations from a person-centered, integrated, and empathetic approach to counseling. I have experience in helping clients with relationship issues, motivation, self-esteem, career difficulties, depression, anxiety, addiction, life transitions and many other issues that prevent my clients from becoming the best version of themselves. I am available on BetterHelp and Headway at this time.
I am a licensed mental health professional with over 7 years experience providing treatment to children and adults of diverse populations from a person-centered, integrated, and empathetic approach to counseling. I have experience in helping clients with relationship issues, motivation, self-esteem, career difficulties, depression, anxiety, addiction, life transitions and many other issues that prevent my clients from becoming the best version of themselves. I am available on BetterHelp and Headway at this time.
(443) 648-9454 View (443) 648-9454
Photo of Brenda B. Wilson, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Brenda B. Wilson
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21233  (Online Only)
“Feeling nervous about crowds?” “Checking behaviors?” “No motivation to do anything.” Life experiences come with a myriad of emotions including negative ones. Sometimes, when we experience these negative emotions, we get stuck. Emotional states such as, anxiety and depression, can usher in moments of uncertainty and discomfort. As your therapist, I am committed to helping you, the client, navigate those uncomfortable moments. Perhaps your goal is to change unwanted behaviors, learn coping skills, or become more aware of your authentic self. My endeavor is to provide a safe and supportive space for you to explore those goals.
“Feeling nervous about crowds?” “Checking behaviors?” “No motivation to do anything.” Life experiences come with a myriad of emotions including negative ones. Sometimes, when we experience these negative emotions, we get stuck. Emotional states such as, anxiety and depression, can usher in moments of uncertainty and discomfort. As your therapist, I am committed to helping you, the client, navigate those uncomfortable moments. Perhaps your goal is to change unwanted behaviors, learn coping skills, or become more aware of your authentic self. My endeavor is to provide a safe and supportive space for you to explore those goals.
(443) 241-6759 View (443) 241-6759
Photo of Rebecca Sinner, LCSW-C, CCATP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Sinner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CCATP
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21230
Waitlist for new clients
In therapy sessions, I work with clients to help teach the skills needed to manage, squash, or move on from anxious or intrusive thoughts now and long after we end our time together. You will learn how to become “your own therapist” by learning how to spot anxious or intrusive thoughts and learning EXACTLY what to do, proactively and in-the-moment, to stop them from taking over and keeping you from enjoying life. Clients, of all ages, most often come to me to for difficulties related to OCD, anxiety, phobias, panic, and parent management/support for parents whose kids have ADHD or OCD, and perinatal/postpartum anxiety/OCD.
In therapy sessions, I work with clients to help teach the skills needed to manage, squash, or move on from anxious or intrusive thoughts now and long after we end our time together. You will learn how to become “your own therapist” by learning how to spot anxious or intrusive thoughts and learning EXACTLY what to do, proactively and in-the-moment, to stop them from taking over and keeping you from enjoying life. Clients, of all ages, most often come to me to for difficulties related to OCD, anxiety, phobias, panic, and parent management/support for parents whose kids have ADHD or OCD, and perinatal/postpartum anxiety/OCD.
View
Photo of Sarah Wilson, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
Welcome! I believe my clients are the experts of their stories, and it is an honor to support them in their healing journeys. It is my job to follow my clients along their healing journey and to gently guide when necessary. I place great importance on creating a non-judgmental space and believe in spending the time to build a trusting, safe, and supportive relationship with my clients so when the hard conversations happen, everyone feels safe and heard; Growth happens when we talk about the hard stuff.
Welcome! I believe my clients are the experts of their stories, and it is an honor to support them in their healing journeys. It is my job to follow my clients along their healing journey and to gently guide when necessary. I place great importance on creating a non-judgmental space and believe in spending the time to build a trusting, safe, and supportive relationship with my clients so when the hard conversations happen, everyone feels safe and heard; Growth happens when we talk about the hard stuff.
(443) 543-9081 View (443) 543-9081
Photo of Alice Joe, MS, LGPC, Counselor
Alice Joe
Counselor, MS, LGPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
Not accepting new clients
We all have obstacles in our lives. It is normal to feel stress or concern when we are facing uncertainty. I recognize how challenging it may be to ask for help outside of ourselves and I appreciate all those who reach out for support - whether it be in gaining a stronger sense of identity, a better understanding of themselves, or in collaboratively working through various reasons for seeking mental health services. I believe that every individual holds value and that their experiences and feelings in life are both significant and valid. Everyone deserves an open space to unpack their mind and move through their challenges.
We all have obstacles in our lives. It is normal to feel stress or concern when we are facing uncertainty. I recognize how challenging it may be to ask for help outside of ourselves and I appreciate all those who reach out for support - whether it be in gaining a stronger sense of identity, a better understanding of themselves, or in collaboratively working through various reasons for seeking mental health services. I believe that every individual holds value and that their experiences and feelings in life are both significant and valid. Everyone deserves an open space to unpack their mind and move through their challenges.
(410) 847-2530 View (410) 847-2530
Photo of Rachel Harman, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Harman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210  (Online Only)
It can be difficult to ask for support, so I commend you for taking this first step. We are living in challenging, uncertain times and it can be overwhelming to know where to start. In fact it can feel impossible to just take care of yourself. We will take care of you, meet your problems head-on with curiosity and strength, and create positive changes that fit you and your life. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental, safe place for us to collaboratively work towards you being the healthiest, happiest version of yourself. Together, we can improve your quality of life, resilience, and sense of empowerment.
It can be difficult to ask for support, so I commend you for taking this first step. We are living in challenging, uncertain times and it can be overwhelming to know where to start. In fact it can feel impossible to just take care of yourself. We will take care of you, meet your problems head-on with curiosity and strength, and create positive changes that fit you and your life. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental, safe place for us to collaboratively work towards you being the healthiest, happiest version of yourself. Together, we can improve your quality of life, resilience, and sense of empowerment.
(410) 216-0750 View (410) 216-0750
Photo of Jen Baumgartner, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jen Baumgartner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209
Instead of chasing the next big thing to make you happy, consider the possibility of first freeing yourself from the things that aren’t truly you. If you are willing to engage in this process with me then the results can be profound. You'll start to connect to and express your authentic self. You’ll respond instead of just reacting to challenging life situations. You’ll increase your sense of inner peace, improve your self-worth, better your health, and strengthen your relationships. I have 25 years of experience helping people, of all ages and from all walks of life, Begin Within to attain self-acceptance, fulfillment, and joy.
Instead of chasing the next big thing to make you happy, consider the possibility of first freeing yourself from the things that aren’t truly you. If you are willing to engage in this process with me then the results can be profound. You'll start to connect to and express your authentic self. You’ll respond instead of just reacting to challenging life situations. You’ll increase your sense of inner peace, improve your self-worth, better your health, and strengthen your relationships. I have 25 years of experience helping people, of all ages and from all walks of life, Begin Within to attain self-acceptance, fulfillment, and joy.
(443) 347-6623 View (443) 347-6623
Photo of Toni Sturgis
Toni Sturgis
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21207  (Online Only)
I love being a therapist but I love spending time traveling and experiencing different cultures. I believe in self-care as the best way I have been able to balance my work life obligations and promote that in my therapy practices. I admit that I don't have all the answers even for myself and will always be a constant work in progress on my way to self-actualization. I believe that self-awareness of my own goals assists me in being a compassionate and empathetic person when working with clients.
I love being a therapist but I love spending time traveling and experiencing different cultures. I believe in self-care as the best way I have been able to balance my work life obligations and promote that in my therapy practices. I admit that I don't have all the answers even for myself and will always be a constant work in progress on my way to self-actualization. I believe that self-awareness of my own goals assists me in being a compassionate and empathetic person when working with clients.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Courtney Harris, LCSW - , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Courtney Harris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW -
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21218  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Courtney a psychotherapist. It has been a dream of mine to work with others since a very young age. Interesting story, growing up my mother and grandmother watched soap operas. One of the actresses was a psychotherapist and helped people. From that point on, I said I wanted to be a psychotherapist when I got older. Before I was old enough to work, I volunteered. My experience over many years in the field has provided me with so many opportunities that I believe have shaped the person I am today.
Hello! I'm Courtney a psychotherapist. It has been a dream of mine to work with others since a very young age. Interesting story, growing up my mother and grandmother watched soap operas. One of the actresses was a psychotherapist and helped people. From that point on, I said I wanted to be a psychotherapist when I got older. Before I was old enough to work, I volunteered. My experience over many years in the field has provided me with so many opportunities that I believe have shaped the person I am today.
(443) 329-9801 View (443) 329-9801
Photo of Alex Samets, LCSW-C, MSW, MFA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alex Samets
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MSW, MFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
I am trained as a psychoanalyst and practice a relational form of psychodynamic therapy that views the therapeutic relationship as the site of potential transformation. I often have success working with people who have had negative or lackluster experiences in previous therapies and those who are ambivalent about beginning therapy. I specialize in longterm relational work and in working with adult men and athletes.
I am trained as a psychoanalyst and practice a relational form of psychodynamic therapy that views the therapeutic relationship as the site of potential transformation. I often have success working with people who have had negative or lackluster experiences in previous therapies and those who are ambivalent about beginning therapy. I specialize in longterm relational work and in working with adult men and athletes.
(443) 843-0422 View (443) 843-0422
Photo of Andrea Sweet, LCSW-C, CAC-AD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Sweet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CAC-AD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210
Not accepting new clients
We all have challenges; sometimes our attempts to solve them on our own aren’t getting the results we’d hoped for. At times like these, it can seem as if we’ve lost our way, and we feel stuck, stressed and alone. You aren't alone – a supportive counseling relationship is powerful and life-changing when you are heard, understood, and accepted. Coming from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective, I use a variety of techniques including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and coaching. We can work together to discover your strengths, learn new coping skills and find ways to bring meaning and direction to your life.
We all have challenges; sometimes our attempts to solve them on our own aren’t getting the results we’d hoped for. At times like these, it can seem as if we’ve lost our way, and we feel stuck, stressed and alone. You aren't alone – a supportive counseling relationship is powerful and life-changing when you are heard, understood, and accepted. Coming from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective, I use a variety of techniques including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and coaching. We can work together to discover your strengths, learn new coping skills and find ways to bring meaning and direction to your life.
(410) 324-6245 View (410) 324-6245
Photo of Eliza Pelton, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eliza Pelton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210
My goal is to help you identify your needs, plan and act for positive change, and create balance in your life. During our sessions, I strive to empower and support you while helping you build the tools to manage stressful life events and reach your goals. Most importantly, I will meet you where you are (mentally and emotionally) and personalize therapy to your needs. I have experience across a broad spectrum of topics and specialize in treating eating disorders, substance use, anxiety, depression, and mood disorders.
My goal is to help you identify your needs, plan and act for positive change, and create balance in your life. During our sessions, I strive to empower and support you while helping you build the tools to manage stressful life events and reach your goals. Most importantly, I will meet you where you are (mentally and emotionally) and personalize therapy to your needs. I have experience across a broad spectrum of topics and specialize in treating eating disorders, substance use, anxiety, depression, and mood disorders.
(443) 596-6895 View (443) 596-6895
Photo of Mari Medeiros, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mari Medeiros
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21211
Whether you are looking to make changes in your life, working on self-discovery, or processing challenging life events, you deserve to feel connected and supported. As a therapist I strive to create a safe space to unpack the past, understand the present and, create goals that support your vision of the future. I use a trauma focused, strengths-based approach to support you in building skills and empower you toward healing.
Whether you are looking to make changes in your life, working on self-discovery, or processing challenging life events, you deserve to feel connected and supported. As a therapist I strive to create a safe space to unpack the past, understand the present and, create goals that support your vision of the future. I use a trauma focused, strengths-based approach to support you in building skills and empower you toward healing.
(443) 977-8280 View (443) 977-8280
Photo of Shalisa Partee, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shalisa Partee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21224  (Online Only)
Hello. A better tomorrow, starts today! My name is Shalisa. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to help you move forward, towards becoming the best version of yourself. Clients value my genuine and caring approach. They find our interactions engaging and appreciate my warmth and empathy. I am a solutions-focused therapist who utilizes evidence-based interventions to empower clients and achieve lasting results.
Hello. A better tomorrow, starts today! My name is Shalisa. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to help you move forward, towards becoming the best version of yourself. Clients value my genuine and caring approach. They find our interactions engaging and appreciate my warmth and empathy. I am a solutions-focused therapist who utilizes evidence-based interventions to empower clients and achieve lasting results.
(667) 249-7370 View (667) 249-7370
Photo of Dr. Alison Kozlowski - Vibrant Feeding Therapy, LLC, PhD, BCBA-D, Psychologist
Vibrant Feeding Therapy, LLC
Psychologist, PhD, BCBA-D
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21224
Feeding is often times taken for granted. It is something many children acquire and maintain naturally; however, this is not the case for everyone. Children with feeding disorders may eat extremely limited diets, need supplemental nutrition through feeding tubes or specialized formulas, require table foods to be blended or manipulated to a lower texture, and/or depend upon others to feed them. Though feeding disorders can be multifaceted, including having medical, nutritional, and oral-motor components, psychsocial or behavioral difficulties are also at the forefront of many feeding challenges.
Feeding is often times taken for granted. It is something many children acquire and maintain naturally; however, this is not the case for everyone. Children with feeding disorders may eat extremely limited diets, need supplemental nutrition through feeding tubes or specialized formulas, require table foods to be blended or manipulated to a lower texture, and/or depend upon others to feed them. Though feeding disorders can be multifaceted, including having medical, nutritional, and oral-motor components, psychsocial or behavioral difficulties are also at the forefront of many feeding challenges.
(410) 324-6425 View (410) 324-6425
Photo of Lisa Orenstein, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa Orenstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21202  (Online Only)
It can be hard to take the step in starting work with a new therapist, especially when we feel our most vulnerable and are suffering. I work with the perspective that the therapeutic relationship between you and myself is of the greatest importance in order to achieve your goals in seeking therapeutic support and guidance. Although I am primarily trained in psychodynamic therapy, I have an eclectic approach in treating a wide variety of psychological struggles which I tailor to each client's needs and preferences.
It can be hard to take the step in starting work with a new therapist, especially when we feel our most vulnerable and are suffering. I work with the perspective that the therapeutic relationship between you and myself is of the greatest importance in order to achieve your goals in seeking therapeutic support and guidance. Although I am primarily trained in psychodynamic therapy, I have an eclectic approach in treating a wide variety of psychological struggles which I tailor to each client's needs and preferences.
(301) 701-4801 View (301) 701-4801
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Baltimore, MD

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Baltimore, MD who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
71% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Cigna and Evernorth
67% CareFirst
65% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Baltimore, MD see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Baltimore?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.