Therapists in City Center East, Philadelphia, PA

Photo of Lauren Sandulli, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lauren Sandulli
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107
Hi there! I'm Lauren Sandulli, a Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania. With over 15 years of experience across diverse clinical environments, I've honed my skills in working with a broad spectrum of people and employ an eclectic approach to therapy. My philosophy revolves around meeting clients at their current stage, rather than imposing arbitrary expectations. When meeting new clients, my aim is to alleviate any feelings of overwhelm about their goals, ensuring they feel empowered to progress at their own pace.
Hi there! I'm Lauren Sandulli, a Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania. With over 15 years of experience across diverse clinical environments, I've honed my skills in working with a broad spectrum of people and employ an eclectic approach to therapy. My philosophy revolves around meeting clients at their current stage, rather than imposing arbitrary expectations. When meeting new clients, my aim is to alleviate any feelings of overwhelm about their goals, ensuring they feel empowered to progress at their own pace.
(267) 489-1523 x1 View (267) 489-1523 x1
Photo of Katherine Fesperman, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Fesperman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19147
How do we feel, think and be present? It’s easier said than done. Yet, feeling, thinking, and simply being- though often uncomfortable, are fundamentally what make us human! During our sessions, we will explore what it means to feel, think, and be. I welcome you as you are, regardless of where you are in your journey. If you’re coming in with learned habits and thinking patterns that no longer serve you, we can work together to discover the possibilities of unlearning and relearning. By collaborating, we can understand what it means to develop insight into life’s difficult thoughts, feelings, relationships, and experiences.
How do we feel, think and be present? It’s easier said than done. Yet, feeling, thinking, and simply being- though often uncomfortable, are fundamentally what make us human! During our sessions, we will explore what it means to feel, think, and be. I welcome you as you are, regardless of where you are in your journey. If you’re coming in with learned habits and thinking patterns that no longer serve you, we can work together to discover the possibilities of unlearning and relearning. By collaborating, we can understand what it means to develop insight into life’s difficult thoughts, feelings, relationships, and experiences.
(267) 489-2420 View (267) 489-2420
Photo of Faarah Misbah, MA, MFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Faarah Misbah
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107
You might be asking, "How do I restore balance in my life?" In the complex dance of relationships, maintaining harmony can sometimes feel like an insurmountable challenge. Particularly in intimate relationships or within the family unit, it’s not uncommon to feel disconnected, despite your best efforts. Rekindling love, intimacy, and warmth in these relationships is within reach.
You might be asking, "How do I restore balance in my life?" In the complex dance of relationships, maintaining harmony can sometimes feel like an insurmountable challenge. Particularly in intimate relationships or within the family unit, it’s not uncommon to feel disconnected, despite your best efforts. Rekindling love, intimacy, and warmth in these relationships is within reach.
(610) 601-0024 View (610) 601-0024
Photo of Mary Narzikul, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mary Narzikul
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
My name is Mary Narzikul, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with 4 years of experience and expertise in mental and behavioral health. I am dedicated to helping individuals from diverse backgrounds who may be struggling with mood disorders, anxiety, depression, or adjustment disorders. I recognize the importance of holistic treatment and offer personalized, compassionate support tailored to each client's unique needs and strengths. With a background in community mental health and school-based counseling, I bring a deep understanding of different contexts to my practice.
My name is Mary Narzikul, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with 4 years of experience and expertise in mental and behavioral health. I am dedicated to helping individuals from diverse backgrounds who may be struggling with mood disorders, anxiety, depression, or adjustment disorders. I recognize the importance of holistic treatment and offer personalized, compassionate support tailored to each client's unique needs and strengths. With a background in community mental health and school-based counseling, I bring a deep understanding of different contexts to my practice.
(855) 303-0238 View (855) 303-0238
Photo of Gabriel Ceballos Franco, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Gabriel Ceballos Franco
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
My name is Gabriel Ceballos Franco; I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania and a licensed psychologist in the Republic of Colombia, South America. I am also a National Certified Counselor by the National Board of Certified Counselors Inc. I am a multicultural, sensitive, and evidence-based psychotherapist who ensures that my methods are rooted in the latest research and best practices and who uses the philosophical concepts of existentialism as the baseline of his practice. My therapeutic approach, rooted in constructivism and existentialism, is a collaborative journey.
My name is Gabriel Ceballos Franco; I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania and a licensed psychologist in the Republic of Colombia, South America. I am also a National Certified Counselor by the National Board of Certified Counselors Inc. I am a multicultural, sensitive, and evidence-based psychotherapist who ensures that my methods are rooted in the latest research and best practices and who uses the philosophical concepts of existentialism as the baseline of his practice. My therapeutic approach, rooted in constructivism and existentialism, is a collaborative journey.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Jennifer Seip, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Seip
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19147
Are you looking for couples therapy or individual therapy? If you are in a couple, are your fights leaving you feeling hurt and disconnected? Can they escalate from something small to something much bigger? Are you having less sex than you did when you first got together? I will teach you how to fix it so you can have the relationship you feel proud of. Couples who work with me enjoy a better connection and a better sex life. And they maintain it. I'm a sex therapist who combines the Gottman method, EFT, and biology to learn what the problem is and teach you your solution.
Are you looking for couples therapy or individual therapy? If you are in a couple, are your fights leaving you feeling hurt and disconnected? Can they escalate from something small to something much bigger? Are you having less sex than you did when you first got together? I will teach you how to fix it so you can have the relationship you feel proud of. Couples who work with me enjoy a better connection and a better sex life. And they maintain it. I'm a sex therapist who combines the Gottman method, EFT, and biology to learn what the problem is and teach you your solution.
(267) 517-8618 View (267) 517-8618
Photo of Adreeonah Mundy, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Adreeonah Mundy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Adreeonah Mundy, I integrate faith-based (Christian) principles with evidence-based therapy to provide holistic care for my clients. I create a safe, non-judgmental space for professional women to process and grow. My goal is to create a compassionate, supportive space where clients feel empowered to overcome challenges and grow holistically—mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.
Hi, I am Adreeonah Mundy, I integrate faith-based (Christian) principles with evidence-based therapy to provide holistic care for my clients. I create a safe, non-judgmental space for professional women to process and grow. My goal is to create a compassionate, supportive space where clients feel empowered to overcome challenges and grow holistically—mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Rebecca Young, PsyD, Psychologist
Rebecca Young
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19147  (Online Only)
Too many life stressors may lead to unfocused work and/or frequent "crisis management" interventions. In collaboration, we identify presenting issues, prioritize problems, and clarify treatment goals for positive changes. I offer brief treatment (8-12 sessions) and long-term therapy (6 months+). For brief treatment, the average number of sessions needed is typically 8-12. For complex and persistent issues, more sessions might be needed. By maintaining congruence, genuineness, and unconditional warm regard, I build a trusting and supportive relationship with you.
Too many life stressors may lead to unfocused work and/or frequent "crisis management" interventions. In collaboration, we identify presenting issues, prioritize problems, and clarify treatment goals for positive changes. I offer brief treatment (8-12 sessions) and long-term therapy (6 months+). For brief treatment, the average number of sessions needed is typically 8-12. For complex and persistent issues, more sessions might be needed. By maintaining congruence, genuineness, and unconditional warm regard, I build a trusting and supportive relationship with you.
(610) 890-7685 View (610) 890-7685
Photo of Melissa Greberman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Greberman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19106  (Online Only)
Taking the step to seek support and connect with a therapist can be challenging and feel intimidating. In my practice, I offer a calm, compassionate presence where you’re encouraged to express yourself freely. You may be navigating grief, a medical condition, or life transition. Together, we’ll create a supportive space where you feel seen and heard, without judgment.
Taking the step to seek support and connect with a therapist can be challenging and feel intimidating. In my practice, I offer a calm, compassionate presence where you’re encouraged to express yourself freely. You may be navigating grief, a medical condition, or life transition. Together, we’ll create a supportive space where you feel seen and heard, without judgment.
(267) 578-7524 View (267) 578-7524
Photo of Danielle Allen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania and Maine, I've dedicated over 18 years to supporting clients grappling with mental health challenges. Throughout my career, I've served diverse populations and honed expertise in addressing depression, anxiety, stress, aging concerns, and navigating life transitions. Additionally, I've contributed as a hospice social worker, facilitating grief and loss support groups.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania and Maine, I've dedicated over 18 years to supporting clients grappling with mental health challenges. Throughout my career, I've served diverse populations and honed expertise in addressing depression, anxiety, stress, aging concerns, and navigating life transitions. Additionally, I've contributed as a hospice social worker, facilitating grief and loss support groups.
(215) 857-9555 View (215) 857-9555
Photo of Molly Strange, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Molly Strange
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107
Hi! My name is Molly Strange (she/her). I see therapy as a liberatory tool that can connect us with ourselves and each other amidst the isolation of systemic and interpersonal violence. My primary objective as a clinician is building safety in our relationship. My clinical practice is relational, oriented by attachment theory, trauma-informed and collaborative. I’m a white, cisgender, gay and currently non-disabled licensed social worker. I approach therapeutic relationships with commitments to harm reduction and anti-racist practice. I like to facilitate sessions with warmth, humor and curiosity.
Hi! My name is Molly Strange (she/her). I see therapy as a liberatory tool that can connect us with ourselves and each other amidst the isolation of systemic and interpersonal violence. My primary objective as a clinician is building safety in our relationship. My clinical practice is relational, oriented by attachment theory, trauma-informed and collaborative. I’m a white, cisgender, gay and currently non-disabled licensed social worker. I approach therapeutic relationships with commitments to harm reduction and anti-racist practice. I like to facilitate sessions with warmth, humor and curiosity.
(267) 310-3341 View (267) 310-3341
Photo of Justin Voss, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Justin Voss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Pennsylvania, with a master's degree in clinical social work from Temple University. I have completed training in motivational interviewing, trauma-focused CBT, attachment-based family therapy, and extensive workshops in trans-related care following my graduate education. My primary area of expertise is working with young adults and adults who identify under the LGBTQ+ umbrella. My clinical interests include LGBTQ issues, sexual identity, gender identity, kink, polyamory, and non-monogamous relationships.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Pennsylvania, with a master's degree in clinical social work from Temple University. I have completed training in motivational interviewing, trauma-focused CBT, attachment-based family therapy, and extensive workshops in trans-related care following my graduate education. My primary area of expertise is working with young adults and adults who identify under the LGBTQ+ umbrella. My clinical interests include LGBTQ issues, sexual identity, gender identity, kink, polyamory, and non-monogamous relationships.
(267) 310-1638 View (267) 310-1638
Photo of Megan Pelko - Handspring Health (Insurance Accepted!), LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Megan Pelko - Handspring Health (Insurance Accepted!)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
Handspring is a modern mental health clinic that provides personalized, evidence-based behavioral care for children, adolescents, and young adults. We currently serve children (ages 8-17) and young adults (18 years and over) who are looking for treatment for anxiety, depression, or behavioral difficulties. Our therapeutic approaches include CBT, DBT, organizational skills training, behavior therapy, exposure & response prevention, and parent management training.
Handspring is a modern mental health clinic that provides personalized, evidence-based behavioral care for children, adolescents, and young adults. We currently serve children (ages 8-17) and young adults (18 years and over) who are looking for treatment for anxiety, depression, or behavioral difficulties. Our therapeutic approaches include CBT, DBT, organizational skills training, behavior therapy, exposure & response prevention, and parent management training.
(267) 494-6376 View (267) 494-6376
Photo of Victoria Fantom, MS, LAPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Victoria Fantom
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LAPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19147
Are you experiencing distress, uncertainty, burn out, or perfectionism? Have past experiences continued to impact your present experiences? Maybe you find yourself in a role of taking care of others or putting their needs before your own. I can help support you in better understanding yourself and how these patterns have been contributing to current issues in your life and in your relationships. When you improve your emotional wellbeing, you are better able to connect with yourself and with others in your relationships.
Are you experiencing distress, uncertainty, burn out, or perfectionism? Have past experiences continued to impact your present experiences? Maybe you find yourself in a role of taking care of others or putting their needs before your own. I can help support you in better understanding yourself and how these patterns have been contributing to current issues in your life and in your relationships. When you improve your emotional wellbeing, you are better able to connect with yourself and with others in your relationships.
(484) 789-7466 View (484) 789-7466
Photo of Marwin Y. Margolies, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marwin Y. Margolies
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107
Update - as of 7/30/24 I'm offering EMDR for short-term work with new clients! I can support you with approaching and coping with intense or overwhelming feelings; finding balance meeting your needs & your obligations; building a compassionate relationship with yourself, and improving your relationships with others. I'm open to discussing whether I'd be the right fit for anything you may bring. My primary approaches are Internal Family Systems & Gestalt Therapy. We can discuss what approach will work best for you. I also offer clinical supervision.
Update - as of 7/30/24 I'm offering EMDR for short-term work with new clients! I can support you with approaching and coping with intense or overwhelming feelings; finding balance meeting your needs & your obligations; building a compassionate relationship with yourself, and improving your relationships with others. I'm open to discussing whether I'd be the right fit for anything you may bring. My primary approaches are Internal Family Systems & Gestalt Therapy. We can discuss what approach will work best for you. I also offer clinical supervision.
(267) 356-4816 View (267) 356-4816
LifeStance Health
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19106
Making your first appointment can be one of the most challenging steps in your mental health journey. At LifeStance, we make it simple by offering both online and in-person therapy and psychiatry services, covered by major insurance plans.
Making your first appointment can be one of the most challenging steps in your mental health journey. At LifeStance, we make it simple by offering both online and in-person therapy and psychiatry services, covered by major insurance plans.
(844) 848-1154 View (844) 848-1154
Photo of Alissa Hochman, PhD, Psychologist
Alissa Hochman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19109  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Whether you are seeking therapy for the first time or have years of experience, reaching out to a new provider takes courage. In these difficult times, I aim to be responsive to people who contact to me, knowing you may have been searching for a provider for some time. I strive to make therapy a space where people feel seen, affirmed, and accepted for all aspects of their personhood. Through that foundation, we can work together to understand aspects of your life that are causing suffering, their origins, and the unique strengths that you hold that will help you move towards wellbeing.
Whether you are seeking therapy for the first time or have years of experience, reaching out to a new provider takes courage. In these difficult times, I aim to be responsive to people who contact to me, knowing you may have been searching for a provider for some time. I strive to make therapy a space where people feel seen, affirmed, and accepted for all aspects of their personhood. Through that foundation, we can work together to understand aspects of your life that are causing suffering, their origins, and the unique strengths that you hold that will help you move towards wellbeing.
(215) 509-5009 View (215) 509-5009
Photo of Danielle Gill, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle Gill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19106  (Online Only)
Hi there and welcome! Reaching out for support can be really challenging, especially when feeling overwhelmed and vulnerable. I’m so glad you are taking this courageous and important step in caring for yourself. My name is Danielle and my priority as a therapist is to provide clients with a safe and non-judgmental space to be seen and heard, exactly as they are. I take an intentional, empathetic, authentic, and inclusive approach to therapy and commit to respectfully and compassionately meeting you where you are in the healing process, while guiding you through growth.
Hi there and welcome! Reaching out for support can be really challenging, especially when feeling overwhelmed and vulnerable. I’m so glad you are taking this courageous and important step in caring for yourself. My name is Danielle and my priority as a therapist is to provide clients with a safe and non-judgmental space to be seen and heard, exactly as they are. I take an intentional, empathetic, authentic, and inclusive approach to therapy and commit to respectfully and compassionately meeting you where you are in the healing process, while guiding you through growth.
(215) 201-4963 View (215) 201-4963
Photo of Lucia Cucinotta, MSEd, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Lucia Cucinotta
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSEd, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19109
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling with grief and loss, processing and healing from trauma, managing depression and anxiety symptoms, low self-esteem, managing difficult life or cross cultural transitions, and sexual intimacy and connection. I take a person-centered approach to therapy where existential themes and mindfulness practices are incorporated into the therapeutic healing model of exploration, insight, and action.
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling with grief and loss, processing and healing from trauma, managing depression and anxiety symptoms, low self-esteem, managing difficult life or cross cultural transitions, and sexual intimacy and connection. I take a person-centered approach to therapy where existential themes and mindfulness practices are incorporated into the therapeutic healing model of exploration, insight, and action.
(215) 607-2783 View (215) 607-2783
Photo of Levi Bentley, MFA, MA, Pre-LPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Levi Bentley
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFA, MA, Pre-LPC
Verified Verified
City Center East, Philadelphia, PA 19107
My name is Levi (they/them), I am a non-binary, transmasculine transgender therapist working from a trauma-informed, IFS lense. I believe that you make sense and that you are the expert on your own experience. I enjoy working with queer and trans clients navigating the effects of trauma in their current reality. Choosing therapy is a bold step. My goal as a therapist is to work with you to realize relational and personal goals by providing empathetic connection, structure and support. Together we will make a container for staying present with difficult emotions that can arise on the journey towards healing and self-realization.
My name is Levi (they/them), I am a non-binary, transmasculine transgender therapist working from a trauma-informed, IFS lense. I believe that you make sense and that you are the expert on your own experience. I enjoy working with queer and trans clients navigating the effects of trauma in their current reality. Choosing therapy is a bold step. My goal as a therapist is to work with you to realize relational and personal goals by providing empathetic connection, structure and support. Together we will make a container for staying present with difficult emotions that can arise on the journey towards healing and self-realization.
View
1
...

See more therapy options for City Center East, Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in City Center East, Philadelphia, PA

900+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in City Center East, Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
71% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
67% Highmark
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in City Center East, Philadelphia, PA see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

76% Female
20% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in City Center East, Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.