Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA

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Photo of Britni Proulx, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Britni Proulx
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Upland, CA 91786  (Online Only)
Through life, we are constantly faced with an abundant amount of emotions and memories that can be difficult to navigate without the support of another. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, it is my honor to work along side my clients helping create a safe place where thoughts and feelings can be processed. I enjoy working with individuals in restoring relationships and gaining self-healing . My passion lies working as an EMDR (trauma therapist) navigate life's challenges such as family conflict, parenting, behavior issues, depression, anxiety, as well as behaviors resulting from traumatic life experiences such as death of a loved one, accidents, divorce, medical trauma, etc.
Through life, we are constantly faced with an abundant amount of emotions and memories that can be difficult to navigate without the support of another. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, it is my honor to work along side my clients helping create a safe place where thoughts and feelings can be processed. I enjoy working with individuals in restoring relationships and gaining self-healing . My passion lies working as an EMDR (trauma therapist) navigate life's challenges such as family conflict, parenting, behavior issues, depression, anxiety, as well as behaviors resulting from traumatic life experiences such as death of a loved one, accidents, divorce, medical trauma, etc.
(909) 497-1329 View (909) 497-1329
Photo of undefined - Pacific Peace Counseling, LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pacific Peace Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91761  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Ariana! Welcome to the first step in your journey to healing! I serve all who come to seek to improve upon themselves in any capacity. I am a provider who values good, strong communication, honesty, mutual respect and most of all, a good laugh. Safety is always my goal when it comes to your care, and it is my priority.
Hi! I'm Ariana! Welcome to the first step in your journey to healing! I serve all who come to seek to improve upon themselves in any capacity. I am a provider who values good, strong communication, honesty, mutual respect and most of all, a good laugh. Safety is always my goal when it comes to your care, and it is my priority.
(909) 317-3946 View (909) 317-3946
Photo of Celena Horton, PsyD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Celena Horton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730  (Online Only)
After experiencing this time of uncertainty and change, I am here to meet your psychological needs. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with my Doctorate in Psychology; who is a Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I believe in meeting you where you are. My personal mantra is empowering and motivating you to help to incite change. I have over 9 years of experience of working with individuals, families and couples in various settings.
After experiencing this time of uncertainty and change, I am here to meet your psychological needs. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with my Doctorate in Psychology; who is a Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I believe in meeting you where you are. My personal mantra is empowering and motivating you to help to incite change. I have over 9 years of experience of working with individuals, families and couples in various settings.
(951) 309-9288 View (951) 309-9288
Photo of undefined - Delicacies of the Heart, LLC.  , LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Delicacies of the Heart, LLC.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91764  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Christina, and I am the Founder, Chief Executive Officer, and the Christian Sex Therapist of the Delicacies of the Heart, LLC (DotH). The goal is to seek, soar, sort as it relates to your you faith, sexual health and other needs.
Hello, my name is Christina, and I am the Founder, Chief Executive Officer, and the Christian Sex Therapist of the Delicacies of the Heart, LLC (DotH). The goal is to seek, soar, sort as it relates to your you faith, sexual health and other needs.
(909) 296-4776 View (909) 296-4776
Photo of Nicole M Mascarenhas, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nicole M Mascarenhas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
"Are you frustrated with not being heard or validated? Does it seem as though no one understands you, and relationships with others have become more stressful than you would like them to be? Relationships can be complicated! If you want to be heard and grow personally to have a more grounded life and healthier relationships, let me assist you in building connection, becoming calm, reducing stress, and finding your voice."
"Are you frustrated with not being heard or validated? Does it seem as though no one understands you, and relationships with others have become more stressful than you would like them to be? Relationships can be complicated! If you want to be heard and grow personally to have a more grounded life and healthier relationships, let me assist you in building connection, becoming calm, reducing stress, and finding your voice."
(909) 784-2050 View (909) 784-2050
Photo of Amanda Vargas, LPCC, MA, Counselor
Amanda Vargas
Counselor, LPCC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Redlands, CA 92373
Learning to be transparent and vulnerable is difficult but not impossible. These skills take time and are based on trust. As a therapist I would love to be a person who you can trust because I DO care. I want to understand you better and work alongside of you to help you become the best possible version of yourself. I love working with individuals who often lose a sense of self because of putting others before them such as their spouse or children. It can be the hardest question to answer when someone asks you, what do YOU want? My goal to help you live as the BEST version of yourself is to start with caring for YOU first.
Learning to be transparent and vulnerable is difficult but not impossible. These skills take time and are based on trust. As a therapist I would love to be a person who you can trust because I DO care. I want to understand you better and work alongside of you to help you become the best possible version of yourself. I love working with individuals who often lose a sense of self because of putting others before them such as their spouse or children. It can be the hardest question to answer when someone asks you, what do YOU want? My goal to help you live as the BEST version of yourself is to start with caring for YOU first.
(951) 327-7707 View (951) 327-7707
Photo of Ryan Morris, BS, MSW, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ryan Morris
Pre-Licensed Professional, BS, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730  (Online Only)
Hello and Welcome. Our agency offers affordable, low-cost, telehealth therapy. I am an experienced Associate Clinical Therapist who helps people navigate their life stressors through difficult times in their lives. I am here to help clients form solutions to any prevalent issues, especially mental health topics. Some of the areas I specialize in include symptoms associated with Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, Mood Disorders, Bipolar disorder, Substance Abuse, and ADHD.
Hello and Welcome. Our agency offers affordable, low-cost, telehealth therapy. I am an experienced Associate Clinical Therapist who helps people navigate their life stressors through difficult times in their lives. I am here to help clients form solutions to any prevalent issues, especially mental health topics. Some of the areas I specialize in include symptoms associated with Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, Mood Disorders, Bipolar disorder, Substance Abuse, and ADHD.
(951) 435-8735 View (951) 435-8735
Photo of Lindsay Heber, LCP, Psychologist
Lindsay Heber
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Upland, CA 91786
Hi! I'm Lindsay Heber. I am a licensed Psychologist and I am passionate about helping people reduce their emotional pain and suffering. I work collaboratively with each person and lead with compassion and an open mind. I believe a great way towards healing is by working holistically and addressing the mind, body and soul connection. I love working with people trying to work through trauma, experiencing anxiety, issues with self-esteem, depression, or looking to incorporate their spirituality into their healing. I work with adults and any gender identity.
Hi! I'm Lindsay Heber. I am a licensed Psychologist and I am passionate about helping people reduce their emotional pain and suffering. I work collaboratively with each person and lead with compassion and an open mind. I believe a great way towards healing is by working holistically and addressing the mind, body and soul connection. I love working with people trying to work through trauma, experiencing anxiety, issues with self-esteem, depression, or looking to incorporate their spirituality into their healing. I work with adults and any gender identity.
(909) 310-8180 View (909) 310-8180
Photo of Heather Y. Daniels, MSW, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Y. Daniels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Upland, CA 91784
Bicoastal virtual therapy in CA and Washington, DC and now offering walk-and-talk therapy in the greater LA region. I specialize in anxiety and depression, grief, coping with school and work demands, parenting, and religious trauma while utilizing a cognitive behavioral approach along with meditation and mindfulness. I strongly believe in the mind-body connection and explore this with my clients. Therapy works best when the therapist and client work together toward client-driven goals and will provide a safe and supportive place for you to focus on yourself and your well-being.
Bicoastal virtual therapy in CA and Washington, DC and now offering walk-and-talk therapy in the greater LA region. I specialize in anxiety and depression, grief, coping with school and work demands, parenting, and religious trauma while utilizing a cognitive behavioral approach along with meditation and mindfulness. I strongly believe in the mind-body connection and explore this with my clients. Therapy works best when the therapist and client work together toward client-driven goals and will provide a safe and supportive place for you to focus on yourself and your well-being.
(562) 359-4331 View (562) 359-4331
Photo of Jessica Swaney, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Swaney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91761  (Online Only)
As a therapist with a passion for supporting maternal/paternal and perinatal mental health, I understand the unique challenges and joys that come with starting a family and raising children as well as those with special needs such as ADHD and autism. My goal is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for moms and parents to explore their thoughts and feelings, and to develop the tools and strategies necessary to navigate the ups and downs of parenthood. With a compassionate and strengths-based approach, we will work collaboratively to identify your goals and priorities, and develop a personalized plan for achieving them.
As a therapist with a passion for supporting maternal/paternal and perinatal mental health, I understand the unique challenges and joys that come with starting a family and raising children as well as those with special needs such as ADHD and autism. My goal is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for moms and parents to explore their thoughts and feelings, and to develop the tools and strategies necessary to navigate the ups and downs of parenthood. With a compassionate and strengths-based approach, we will work collaboratively to identify your goals and priorities, and develop a personalized plan for achieving them.
(909) 639-3296 View (909) 639-3296
Photo of Veronica Fender, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Veronica Fender
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Victorville, CA 92392
For the past 17 years I have been blessed to empower the lives of those who for one reason or another have lost their hope or are just going through a rough time. I’ve had the honor to work with people living with HIV/AIDS, the criminally insane, adolescents, children, couples, families, and Veterans.
For the past 17 years I have been blessed to empower the lives of those who for one reason or another have lost their hope or are just going through a rough time. I’ve had the honor to work with people living with HIV/AIDS, the criminally insane, adolescents, children, couples, families, and Veterans.
(442) 313-2715 View (442) 313-2715
Photo of Clint Edwards, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Clint Edwards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yucca Valley, CA 92284  (Online Only)
So, how do you find the best therapist for you? That's a great question. And it's one that most people struggle with answering whether it's their first or umpteenth search. Is it the therapist him/herself, their personality, theoretical approach or specialty? While all these factors are important, research shows that roughly 60% of successful therapeutic outcomes are the result of the relationship between the client and therapist. That said, it shouldn't be your responsibility to find the best clinician; rather it's the clinician's responsibility to become the best therapist for you.
So, how do you find the best therapist for you? That's a great question. And it's one that most people struggle with answering whether it's their first or umpteenth search. Is it the therapist him/herself, their personality, theoretical approach or specialty? While all these factors are important, research shows that roughly 60% of successful therapeutic outcomes are the result of the relationship between the client and therapist. That said, it shouldn't be your responsibility to find the best clinician; rather it's the clinician's responsibility to become the best therapist for you.
(760) 313-6939 View (760) 313-6939
Photo of Shannon Nicole Walker, PsyD, MA, LMFT, Psychologist
Shannon Nicole Walker
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ontario, CA 91761  (Online Only)
My name is Shannon Walker and I began providing therapeutic services out of the calling to help those who truly want to heal. By taking a holistic approach to traditional therapy, I have come to discover that healing comes from the desire to change...because staying stagnant is no longer an option. I want to help you help yourself. If you are someone who likes a direct approach to understanding, connection, and communication, set up a free consultation and I would be happy to answer any questions you may have.
My name is Shannon Walker and I began providing therapeutic services out of the calling to help those who truly want to heal. By taking a holistic approach to traditional therapy, I have come to discover that healing comes from the desire to change...because staying stagnant is no longer an option. I want to help you help yourself. If you are someone who likes a direct approach to understanding, connection, and communication, set up a free consultation and I would be happy to answer any questions you may have.
(951) 307-1158 View (951) 307-1158
Photo of Kristian Brenes, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kristian Brenes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Apple Valley, CA 92307
Not accepting new clients
Are you a millennial seeking relief from the overwhelming stressors and challenges that life throws your way? Do you long for a more fulfilling and balanced life, with healthier relationships and a positive mindset? You're not alone. Together we will explore practical resources, empowering solutions, and a positive outlook that have the potential to bring meaningful change to your life. I am a relational therapist for millennials who helps people learn to overcome self doubt and negative beliefs, and to identify and amplify their existing strengths so they can be successful in relationships with self and others.
Are you a millennial seeking relief from the overwhelming stressors and challenges that life throws your way? Do you long for a more fulfilling and balanced life, with healthier relationships and a positive mindset? You're not alone. Together we will explore practical resources, empowering solutions, and a positive outlook that have the potential to bring meaningful change to your life. I am a relational therapist for millennials who helps people learn to overcome self doubt and negative beliefs, and to identify and amplify their existing strengths so they can be successful in relationships with self and others.
(760) 515-7979 View (760) 515-7979
Photo of undefined - PsychHealing Counseling Center, Inc., PsyD, QME, Psychologist
PsychHealing Counseling Center, Inc.
Psychologist, PsyD, QME
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91762
Are you feeling down in ways that you cannot explain? We have four licensed therapists in Garden Grove and Wildomar who conduct EMDR and DBT methods for clients who have trauma and other complex psychological issues. Our therapists speak Spanish, Vietnamese, Portuguese, and Korean as well. We take Medi-Cal insurances, such as CalOptima, Molina, and IEHP along with many other major insurances. Let us help ease your mind.
Are you feeling down in ways that you cannot explain? We have four licensed therapists in Garden Grove and Wildomar who conduct EMDR and DBT methods for clients who have trauma and other complex psychological issues. Our therapists speak Spanish, Vietnamese, Portuguese, and Korean as well. We take Medi-Cal insurances, such as CalOptima, Molina, and IEHP along with many other major insurances. Let us help ease your mind.
(800) 683-2945 View (800) 683-2945
Photo of Hollis Theon Rogers, LPCC
Hollis Theon Rogers
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I am Hollis 'Theon" Rogers, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am also a certified substance abuse counselor with many years of experience. I utilize mainly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solutions focused as my approach. My focus is on Black/ African American and Hispanic cultures and the specific issues that come from the group. I also address military issues including trauma and help with getting the benefit military personnel deserve. I typically work with the military and veterans and people of color. I have experience with addressing domestic violence issues.
I am Hollis 'Theon" Rogers, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am also a certified substance abuse counselor with many years of experience. I utilize mainly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solutions focused as my approach. My focus is on Black/ African American and Hispanic cultures and the specific issues that come from the group. I also address military issues including trauma and help with getting the benefit military personnel deserve. I typically work with the military and veterans and people of color. I have experience with addressing domestic violence issues.
(909) 314-1718 View (909) 314-1718
Photo of Dr. Topaz Good, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Topaz Good
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
There are 360 degrees, why stick to one? – Zaha Hadid… At times life can take you through many changes and navigating that can be hard. Through the many challenges that change can bring, I am here to facilitate the identification of the issue and creating a self-guided path to addressing the issue. As a therapist; I will give you the tools to self identify you’re strengths and challenges. I’ll support you through life’s many stages. Your voice and input are important, heard, and instrumental in your self-guided journey. I’m always learning of additional methods in order to tailor sessions to create the best fit for you, the client.
There are 360 degrees, why stick to one? – Zaha Hadid… At times life can take you through many changes and navigating that can be hard. Through the many challenges that change can bring, I am here to facilitate the identification of the issue and creating a self-guided path to addressing the issue. As a therapist; I will give you the tools to self identify you’re strengths and challenges. I’ll support you through life’s many stages. Your voice and input are important, heard, and instrumental in your self-guided journey. I’m always learning of additional methods in order to tailor sessions to create the best fit for you, the client.
(909) 787-1352 View (909) 787-1352
Photo of Monica Turner, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Monica Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91761  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do you need a safe place to vent and grow? Do you struggle with depression or/and anxiety? Is there unresolved trauma or grief that impacts your daily life? I work with clients from all walks of life, backgrounds, ages and experiences who are ready to create a life worth living. Together we will work to restore balance and harmony in your life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do you need a safe place to vent and grow? Do you struggle with depression or/and anxiety? Is there unresolved trauma or grief that impacts your daily life? I work with clients from all walks of life, backgrounds, ages and experiences who are ready to create a life worth living. Together we will work to restore balance and harmony in your life.
(909) 340-3354 View (909) 340-3354
Photo of Bernadet Yaghobian, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bernadet Yaghobian
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Redlands, CA 92373
My name is Bernadet Yaghobian. and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Los Angeles, California, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I like to use an integrative approach focusing on the mind, body, and spirit. I specialize in Anxiety, Depression, Trauma/PTSD, Codependency, Addiction, Anger Management, Narcissistic Abuse, Grief, LGBTQ+, Life Transitions, Divorce, Stress, Racial Identity, Relationship Issues, Self-Esteem, Women's issues, and Spirituality.
My name is Bernadet Yaghobian. and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Los Angeles, California, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I like to use an integrative approach focusing on the mind, body, and spirit. I specialize in Anxiety, Depression, Trauma/PTSD, Codependency, Addiction, Anger Management, Narcissistic Abuse, Grief, LGBTQ+, Life Transitions, Divorce, Stress, Racial Identity, Relationship Issues, Self-Esteem, Women's issues, and Spirituality.
(909) 610-1193 View (909) 610-1193
Photo of Jeraleen M Peterson, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeraleen M Peterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
An Eskimo proverb says," The cold place often builds the strongest igloo." meaning that even with awful challenges in your life, there can be a secure place of healing and resilience. How are you doing with your experiences of Crisis, Trauma, Grief, Relationship Failure, Chronic Illness or Disability? If the pain of disappointment has decreased your hope or you find yourself with more questions than answers or maybe you are struggling to gain the strength and motivation you need to just live each day. Let"s build that igloo.
An Eskimo proverb says," The cold place often builds the strongest igloo." meaning that even with awful challenges in your life, there can be a secure place of healing and resilience. How are you doing with your experiences of Crisis, Trauma, Grief, Relationship Failure, Chronic Illness or Disability? If the pain of disappointment has decreased your hope or you find yourself with more questions than answers or maybe you are struggling to gain the strength and motivation you need to just live each day. Let"s build that igloo.
(909) 451-8432 View (909) 451-8432

See more therapy options for San Bernardino County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Coping Skills
71% Self Esteem
62% Relationship Issues
62% Stress
61% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
79% Cigna and Evernorth
78% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Bernardino County, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Bernardino County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.