Therapists in Summerville, SC

Photo of Lee Hartnett, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Lee Hartnett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
I am Lee Hartnett, a licensed professional counselor (LPC). I specialized in family systems theory and cognitive therapy. I help clients recognize unhealthy patterns of behavior and interactions and work to change negative thoughts. I decided at the age of 30 to apply for graduate school for counseling. The various jobs that I had prior to school helped lead me the counseling. I was a paralegal, in marketing and human resources. I found I was most attracted to human behavior involved in all of those jobs and wanted to know more.
I am Lee Hartnett, a licensed professional counselor (LPC). I specialized in family systems theory and cognitive therapy. I help clients recognize unhealthy patterns of behavior and interactions and work to change negative thoughts. I decided at the age of 30 to apply for graduate school for counseling. The various jobs that I had prior to school helped lead me the counseling. I was a paralegal, in marketing and human resources. I found I was most attracted to human behavior involved in all of those jobs and wanted to know more.
(854) 201-2780 View (854) 201-2780
Photo of Amanda Kennedy-Bruner, MA, LPC-A, NCC, CTP
Amanda Kennedy-Bruner
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A, NCC, CTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29485
I would love to help you discover the root cause of presenting issues in your present and past that might be keeping you from the growth you deserve, and the renewal of the mind. I focus on childhood trauma, attachment styles, (IFS) internal family systems, DBT, EMDR informed and T-F CBT. Working with couples is a passion of mine as there can be many communication errors or past childhood experiences that are blocking your relationship from full potential blooming. I also work with Borderline Personality disorder, OCD, ADHD, Anxiety/Depression, Families and Teens.
I would love to help you discover the root cause of presenting issues in your present and past that might be keeping you from the growth you deserve, and the renewal of the mind. I focus on childhood trauma, attachment styles, (IFS) internal family systems, DBT, EMDR informed and T-F CBT. Working with couples is a passion of mine as there can be many communication errors or past childhood experiences that are blocking your relationship from full potential blooming. I also work with Borderline Personality disorder, OCD, ADHD, Anxiety/Depression, Families and Teens.
(854) 300-2129 View (854) 300-2129
Photo of Kayla Stevens, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kayla Stevens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29486
Imagine a life where past hurts no longer dictate your present. A life where you feel empowered, resilient, and at peace. Trauma can cast long shadows over your daily experiences, shaping your thoughts and behaviors in ways that might seem overwhelming. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Together, we can illuminate those shadows, untangle the impact of past traumas, and create a path toward the fulfilling life you deserve. If you’re ready to transform your pain into strength and your fears into confidence, I am here to support you every step of the way.
Imagine a life where past hurts no longer dictate your present. A life where you feel empowered, resilient, and at peace. Trauma can cast long shadows over your daily experiences, shaping your thoughts and behaviors in ways that might seem overwhelming. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Together, we can illuminate those shadows, untangle the impact of past traumas, and create a path toward the fulfilling life you deserve. If you’re ready to transform your pain into strength and your fears into confidence, I am here to support you every step of the way.
(843) 604-2036 View (843) 604-2036
Photo of Kristin Johnson, LPCA
Kristin Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29485
Have you experienced trauma that you feel is currently impacting your life? Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, or stressful life transitions? Maybe your past trauma is affecting your relationships. You are not alone, and your response to trauma is nothing to be ashamed of. Trauma responses are a natural and common reaction to a distressing event. Past trauma may be influencing current symptoms of depression or anxiety. My goal is to help you discover the root causes of your mental health concerns in order to regain control of your life. I am currently accepting clients age 18 and older for individual or couples counseling.
Have you experienced trauma that you feel is currently impacting your life? Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, or stressful life transitions? Maybe your past trauma is affecting your relationships. You are not alone, and your response to trauma is nothing to be ashamed of. Trauma responses are a natural and common reaction to a distressing event. Past trauma may be influencing current symptoms of depression or anxiety. My goal is to help you discover the root causes of your mental health concerns in order to regain control of your life. I am currently accepting clients age 18 and older for individual or couples counseling.
(843) 666-2858 View (843) 666-2858
Photo of Rosa DiMarco, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rosa DiMarco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
Has your life been in chaos and you are looking for peace? Have you been feeling more overwhelmed lately and need someone to talk to? When your thoughts are cluttered and you are trying to keep up with the many pressures life throws at you, sometimes you just need someone to talk to. As your therapist, I am here to listen to your life experiences and help you see that positive change is possible. Together, we will work through any difficult challenges or transitions in your life that you are facing, and I will provide you with endless support as we work through these changes.
Has your life been in chaos and you are looking for peace? Have you been feeling more overwhelmed lately and need someone to talk to? When your thoughts are cluttered and you are trying to keep up with the many pressures life throws at you, sometimes you just need someone to talk to. As your therapist, I am here to listen to your life experiences and help you see that positive change is possible. Together, we will work through any difficult challenges or transitions in your life that you are facing, and I will provide you with endless support as we work through these changes.
(854) 666-4728 View (854) 666-4728
Photo of Debbie Glover, LPC, LAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Debbie Glover
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485  (Online Only)
Making the decision to see a therapist can be very uncomfortable. Knowing this, it is my privilege as your therapist to provide a safe place for you to begin, or continue your personal therapeutic journey. Through the safety of the relationship that is formed in the counseling office, you will be able to explore who and where you are in your life, and uncover thinking and behavior patterns which are getting in your way, as well as uncover the tools you need to change these destructive patterns. It is my hope to help you find that safe place to begin to work toward making the changes you need to live the life you deserve.
Making the decision to see a therapist can be very uncomfortable. Knowing this, it is my privilege as your therapist to provide a safe place for you to begin, or continue your personal therapeutic journey. Through the safety of the relationship that is formed in the counseling office, you will be able to explore who and where you are in your life, and uncover thinking and behavior patterns which are getting in your way, as well as uncover the tools you need to change these destructive patterns. It is my hope to help you find that safe place to begin to work toward making the changes you need to live the life you deserve.
(843) 580-5067 View (843) 580-5067
Photo of Lisa Robin Godwin - PCIT by Creative Solutions Counseling, LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
PCIT by Creative Solutions Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485  (Online Only)
Navigating the complexities of parenting or caregiving for children under 10, especially those with conditions like ADHD or autism, can be challenging.
Navigating the complexities of parenting or caregiving for children under 10, especially those with conditions like ADHD or autism, can be challenging.
(843) 894-3736 View (843) 894-3736
Photo of Lisa A. Early, LPC, LCMHC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa A. Early
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485
It's hard sharing your thoughts, feelings and experiences, especially if you don't know who to trust. You’ll know when you’ve found the right therapist because you will feel seen, heard and understood, and the journey of seeking help will become a little easier. There is no single answer on how to deal with life’s challenges and therapy requires you to be open and honest. I'm committed to providing a safe space in an environment free from judgment for that to happen, while guiding you through the process of self-discovery and healing.
It's hard sharing your thoughts, feelings and experiences, especially if you don't know who to trust. You’ll know when you’ve found the right therapist because you will feel seen, heard and understood, and the journey of seeking help will become a little easier. There is no single answer on how to deal with life’s challenges and therapy requires you to be open and honest. I'm committed to providing a safe space in an environment free from judgment for that to happen, while guiding you through the process of self-discovery and healing.
(854) 333-5032 View (854) 333-5032
Photo of Veronica Gainey-Peoples, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Veronica Gainey-Peoples
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483  (Online Only)
I am Veronica Gainey-Peoples, a Licensed Professional Counselor, Certified School Counselor and National Board Certified Counselor. I generally rely on person-centered and cognitive behavior principles to assist clients.
I am Veronica Gainey-Peoples, a Licensed Professional Counselor, Certified School Counselor and National Board Certified Counselor. I generally rely on person-centered and cognitive behavior principles to assist clients.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Claudia Gallenstein, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Claudia Gallenstein
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483  (Online Only)
My name is Lorena Gallenstein. I am a bilingual (Spanish-speaker) Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for working with individuals from different backgrounds to improve mental health. I'm licensed in both SC and GA and hold a Trauma-Responsive Care Certification through The Tristate Trauma Network. I have experience treating people experiencing depression, anxiety, life transitions, and trauma-related disorders. I work with clients who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and stress related to relationships.
My name is Lorena Gallenstein. I am a bilingual (Spanish-speaker) Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for working with individuals from different backgrounds to improve mental health. I'm licensed in both SC and GA and hold a Trauma-Responsive Care Certification through The Tristate Trauma Network. I have experience treating people experiencing depression, anxiety, life transitions, and trauma-related disorders. I work with clients who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and stress related to relationships.
(854) 203-2735 View (854) 203-2735
Photo of Mary Burcham, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Burcham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
Lynn Burcham is a License Independent Social WorkClinical Practice in South Carolina. Lynn has many years of experience, and also has major depression for which she is in treatment. Lynn believes being on both sides of the desk helps her to better understand a client's situation and provide better treatment. Outside of work, Lynn enjoys reading, family, friends, and pets.
Lynn Burcham is a License Independent Social WorkClinical Practice in South Carolina. Lynn has many years of experience, and also has major depression for which she is in treatment. Lynn believes being on both sides of the desk helps her to better understand a client's situation and provide better treatment. Outside of work, Lynn enjoys reading, family, friends, and pets.
(854) 201-1472 View (854) 201-1472
Photo of Dinoca Ihrig - Positive Impact Counseling, MEd, LPC, NCC, GCDF, Licensed Professional Counselor
Positive Impact Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC, GCDF
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485
Child, Adolescent and Adult Counselor with a Christian perspective and a focus on Whole-Hearted Lifestyle. I specialize in anxiety, depression, loss, self harm, gender, and relationship issues. I use proven science-based counseling techniques to bring progress to you as fast as possible. Experience with the gifted/talented child and the unique struggles they face (perfectionism, anxiety), those who have ADD/ADHD and those needing extra help with learning. Blended families, adults dealing with exorbitant stress and couples counseling are areas I love helping people with, as they improve their lives. Please visit my website!
Child, Adolescent and Adult Counselor with a Christian perspective and a focus on Whole-Hearted Lifestyle. I specialize in anxiety, depression, loss, self harm, gender, and relationship issues. I use proven science-based counseling techniques to bring progress to you as fast as possible. Experience with the gifted/talented child and the unique struggles they face (perfectionism, anxiety), those who have ADD/ADHD and those needing extra help with learning. Blended families, adults dealing with exorbitant stress and couples counseling are areas I love helping people with, as they improve their lives. Please visit my website!
(854) 201-1157 View (854) 201-1157
Photo of Samm Brenner Gautier, MS, EdS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Samm Brenner Gautier
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, EdS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29485  (Online Only)
Tired of the same daily routine of feeling stressed and overwhelmed? Exhausted from racing thoughts and feeling stuck in your life? You are already taking the first step towards gaining control over your mental health. My goal as your counselor is to help you figure out where your life can be improved, identify what changes you’re willing and ready to make, and provide guidance and support during that process. I believe that my clients are at the wheel and I am providing the navigation.
Tired of the same daily routine of feeling stressed and overwhelmed? Exhausted from racing thoughts and feeling stuck in your life? You are already taking the first step towards gaining control over your mental health. My goal as your counselor is to help you figure out where your life can be improved, identify what changes you’re willing and ready to make, and provide guidance and support during that process. I believe that my clients are at the wheel and I am providing the navigation.
(803) 302-3634 View (803) 302-3634
Photo of Maura McCusker, LISW-CP, LISW-S, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maura McCusker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, LISW-S, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485
An ideal client, I envision someone who recognizes the importance of mental health and seeks support willingly. This individual might be grappling with issues such as anxiety, stress, or depression, acknowledging the impact these challenges have on their overall well-being. Their needs revolve around building coping mechanisms, enhancing emotional resilience, and fostering self-awareness. Goals may include developing healthier thought patterns, improving interpersonal relationships, and achieving a more balanced and fulfilling life. My ideal client is motivated by a genuine desire for personal growth and therapeutic interventions.
An ideal client, I envision someone who recognizes the importance of mental health and seeks support willingly. This individual might be grappling with issues such as anxiety, stress, or depression, acknowledging the impact these challenges have on their overall well-being. Their needs revolve around building coping mechanisms, enhancing emotional resilience, and fostering self-awareness. Goals may include developing healthier thought patterns, improving interpersonal relationships, and achieving a more balanced and fulfilling life. My ideal client is motivated by a genuine desire for personal growth and therapeutic interventions.
(843) 970-0285 View (843) 970-0285
Photo of Ted Ruble - Mind Over Matter Counseling, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mind Over Matter Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485  (Online Only)
Are you at a point in your life where you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or like you just can't make changes in the right direction? Do you ever feel like no one understands what you are going through, or feel alone in dealing with the stress of life? Today's world throws all kinds of stressful situations at us, and at times it can seem to be too much to handle. You no longer have to go through this journey alone. At Mind Over Matter Counseling, we believe in empowering our clients to identify and utilize the strengths and abilities that they may not know they possess.
Are you at a point in your life where you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or like you just can't make changes in the right direction? Do you ever feel like no one understands what you are going through, or feel alone in dealing with the stress of life? Today's world throws all kinds of stressful situations at us, and at times it can seem to be too much to handle. You no longer have to go through this journey alone. At Mind Over Matter Counseling, we believe in empowering our clients to identify and utilize the strengths and abilities that they may not know they possess.
(854) 254-5997 View (854) 254-5997
Photo of Elena Huttenlocher, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elena Huttenlocher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
Elena Huttenlocher, LISW-CP My approach to counseling is holistic; I believe in healing the whole person by tapping into the mind and body connection. I use an integrative approach to therapy, combining cognitive, behavioral, mindfulness strategies, and hypnotherapy.
Elena Huttenlocher, LISW-CP My approach to counseling is holistic; I believe in healing the whole person by tapping into the mind and body connection. I use an integrative approach to therapy, combining cognitive, behavioral, mindfulness strategies, and hypnotherapy.
(854) 855-7360 View (854) 855-7360
Photo of Cassie Carroll, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cassie Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
Hi! My name is Cassie Carroll. I am a licensed independent social worker in clinical practice (LISW-CP). I am devoted to helping individuals grow and overcome their obstacles in life. I take a client-centered approach with all of my clients. I believe in meeting you where you are and helping you identify and develop the tools you need to achieve all of your therapeutic goals.
Hi! My name is Cassie Carroll. I am a licensed independent social worker in clinical practice (LISW-CP). I am devoted to helping individuals grow and overcome their obstacles in life. I take a client-centered approach with all of my clients. I believe in meeting you where you are and helping you identify and develop the tools you need to achieve all of your therapeutic goals.
(854) 666-3797 View (854) 666-3797
Photo of Christine R. Freberg, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Christine R. Freberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29486
Empowered Life Counseling specializes in helping individuals, couples and families work through divorce, separation, conflict, anger, anxiety and relationship issues with an optional spiritual focus. I will help you, your spouse or partner, or your family through separation, custody, co-parenting, marital therapy, infidelity or general relationship issues. We will work to promote self-reflection, provide relief and make lasting, healthy changes. I come from a client-centered and trauma-focused background emphasizing relationships, spirituality and religion, anger/anxiety and high-conflict divorces and marriages.
Empowered Life Counseling specializes in helping individuals, couples and families work through divorce, separation, conflict, anger, anxiety and relationship issues with an optional spiritual focus. I will help you, your spouse or partner, or your family through separation, custody, co-parenting, marital therapy, infidelity or general relationship issues. We will work to promote self-reflection, provide relief and make lasting, healthy changes. I come from a client-centered and trauma-focused background emphasizing relationships, spirituality and religion, anger/anxiety and high-conflict divorces and marriages.
(854) 333-5482 View (854) 333-5482
Photo of Kayla Stewart, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kayla Stewart
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Summerville, SC 29485
I work with couples who are struggling with communication and disconnection. You are stuck in cycles of conflict with your spouse and need marriage counseling. Maybe your relationship is suffering because of an affair, family conflict, or life stressor. You two fall into unproductive patterns that leave you feeling misunderstood and disconnected. You want a relationship with love and respect. You want to understand your partner better so you can find healing and reconnection. Or you may be worried your relationship is heading towards divorce and you want to know if your marriage can be saved. You need support and guidance.
I work with couples who are struggling with communication and disconnection. You are stuck in cycles of conflict with your spouse and need marriage counseling. Maybe your relationship is suffering because of an affair, family conflict, or life stressor. You two fall into unproductive patterns that leave you feeling misunderstood and disconnected. You want a relationship with love and respect. You want to understand your partner better so you can find healing and reconnection. Or you may be worried your relationship is heading towards divorce and you want to know if your marriage can be saved. You need support and guidance.
(854) 850-4366 View (854) 850-4366
Theodore Ruble
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29483
Ted Ruble is a LPC, who has been practicing in counseling for 9 years. He graduated from McDaniel College in Westminster, Maryland with a Masters of Science in Community Mental Health Counseling. Ted believes in helping clients work through their issues using techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in order to see new perspectives, or new ways of thinking about how they interact with the world around them. Ted believes in helping clients identify their own perosnal strengths that they can utilize in the helping the process of change. His main areas of focus are depression, anxiety, and dealing with life changes.
Ted Ruble is a LPC, who has been practicing in counseling for 9 years. He graduated from McDaniel College in Westminster, Maryland with a Masters of Science in Community Mental Health Counseling. Ted believes in helping clients work through their issues using techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in order to see new perspectives, or new ways of thinking about how they interact with the world around them. Ted believes in helping clients identify their own perosnal strengths that they can utilize in the helping the process of change. His main areas of focus are depression, anxiety, and dealing with life changes.
(854) 220-0158 View (854) 220-0158
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Summerville, SC

200+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Summerville, SC who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
73% Stress
71% Coping Skills
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Summerville, SC see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Summerville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.