Therapists in Bozeman, MT

Photo of Adrianne Wallace, MA, MFTLC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Adrianne Wallace
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MFTLC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
As soft-bellied mammals, we're all vulnerable in the world and in relationships. We often receive the message that if we're just tough or smart enough, we should be fine. I've learned that the toughest, smartest, and most resilient people struggle and there are always good reasons. I help people find ways to create more security in their relationships by understanding where attachment instincts may be tangled up with survival instincts that make efforts to connect feel confusing and painful. Using Emotionally Focused Therapy and Somatic Experiencing, I help you feel better in your relationships with yourself, others, and your past.
As soft-bellied mammals, we're all vulnerable in the world and in relationships. We often receive the message that if we're just tough or smart enough, we should be fine. I've learned that the toughest, smartest, and most resilient people struggle and there are always good reasons. I help people find ways to create more security in their relationships by understanding where attachment instincts may be tangled up with survival instincts that make efforts to connect feel confusing and painful. Using Emotionally Focused Therapy and Somatic Experiencing, I help you feel better in your relationships with yourself, others, and your past.
(406) 308-5583 View (406) 308-5583
Photo of Barbara Carson-Campbell, LCPC, Counselor
Barbara Carson-Campbell
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
Are you caught up in the busy-ness of life but feel that you are at a crossroads in your life and do not know which road to take?
Are you caught up in the busy-ness of life but feel that you are at a crossroads in your life and do not know which road to take?
(406) 812-5824 View (406) 812-5824
Photo of Gina Temple, MS Ed, CRC , LCPC, Counselor
Gina Temple
Counselor, MS Ed, CRC , LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
*Taking new clients*Offering Telehealth. I have 30 years of experience in the field of counseling. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who are seeking compassionate support with anxiety, depression or a challenging transition or experience. I create a space to foster positive growth and strengthen overall quality of life through personal awareness. I believe that each individual has unique gifts and strengths within them, and when given the support and guidance through the counseling process, great progress can be made. My approach is Eclectic in nature, as I use techniques from all schools of therapy.
*Taking new clients*Offering Telehealth. I have 30 years of experience in the field of counseling. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who are seeking compassionate support with anxiety, depression or a challenging transition or experience. I create a space to foster positive growth and strengthen overall quality of life through personal awareness. I believe that each individual has unique gifts and strengths within them, and when given the support and guidance through the counseling process, great progress can be made. My approach is Eclectic in nature, as I use techniques from all schools of therapy.
(207) 994-8568 View (207) 994-8568
Photo of Adam Moller - Adam Moller, Ph.D., PhD, Psychologist
Adam Moller, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with adults who suffer from grief and loss, trauma, and sport-related performance issues. To help overcome these challenges, I take a collaborative approach that focuses on understanding the problem to determine how best to resolve it. I believe that humans have a large capacity to be autonomous and self-directed. Thus, as a psychologist I help my clients realize this potential, promoting adaptive ways of coping, and work myself out of job as a result. Theoretically, I work from interpersonal, psychodynamic, and existential perspectives, and believe that the foundation of effective counseling stems from the therapeutic relationship.
I enjoy working with adults who suffer from grief and loss, trauma, and sport-related performance issues. To help overcome these challenges, I take a collaborative approach that focuses on understanding the problem to determine how best to resolve it. I believe that humans have a large capacity to be autonomous and self-directed. Thus, as a psychologist I help my clients realize this potential, promoting adaptive ways of coping, and work myself out of job as a result. Theoretically, I work from interpersonal, psychodynamic, and existential perspectives, and believe that the foundation of effective counseling stems from the therapeutic relationship.
(406) 946-4442 View (406) 946-4442
Photo of Lauren McGee, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren McGee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
I am looking forward to working with individuals who value professional guidance and support with attention to compassion, empathy and encouragement. It is my belief that we all want to lead happier and more fulfilling lives; even in the face of great challenges and transitions. I would be honored to support those who are ready to embark on a therapeutic journey to achieve wellbeing and self exploration.
I am looking forward to working with individuals who value professional guidance and support with attention to compassion, empathy and encouragement. It is my belief that we all want to lead happier and more fulfilling lives; even in the face of great challenges and transitions. I would be honored to support those who are ready to embark on a therapeutic journey to achieve wellbeing and self exploration.
(406) 643-4683 View (406) 643-4683
Photo of Jamie Lingenfelter, SWLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamie Lingenfelter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, SWLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
We were all teenagers once, and can often recall struggles, such as bullying, depression, anxiety, and fears during adolescence. Many of my clients struggle with the daily challenges of being a young person in this world. I know that the parents also struggle and I provide support for the children, and families. I also see adults and I'm happy to provide trauma based therapy to anyone aged 12 and up. My passion is to help others to grow and change in a way that complements the type of life that they want to live, rather than what they are currently struggling with. I would be delighted to be a part of your counseling journey.
We were all teenagers once, and can often recall struggles, such as bullying, depression, anxiety, and fears during adolescence. Many of my clients struggle with the daily challenges of being a young person in this world. I know that the parents also struggle and I provide support for the children, and families. I also see adults and I'm happy to provide trauma based therapy to anyone aged 12 and up. My passion is to help others to grow and change in a way that complements the type of life that they want to live, rather than what they are currently struggling with. I would be delighted to be a part of your counseling journey.
(406) 540-6975 View (406) 540-6975
Photo of John D Wimberly, PhD, Psychologist
John D Wimberly
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718
I have been practicing psychotherapy for over 28 years. My experience allows me to work in deeper ways that help my clients to make meaningful and often dramatic changes in the way that they feel about themselves. These internal changes often lead to exciting and fulfilling external changes (i.e. relationships, increased meaningfulness in one's life, aliveness). When clients have feelings of depression, anxiety, stress, overwhelm, or lack of connection - I work with them in ways that help them to uncover and heal the parts of themselves that may have them stuck. My clients often report that our work is unlike previous therapy.
I have been practicing psychotherapy for over 28 years. My experience allows me to work in deeper ways that help my clients to make meaningful and often dramatic changes in the way that they feel about themselves. These internal changes often lead to exciting and fulfilling external changes (i.e. relationships, increased meaningfulness in one's life, aliveness). When clients have feelings of depression, anxiety, stress, overwhelm, or lack of connection - I work with them in ways that help them to uncover and heal the parts of themselves that may have them stuck. My clients often report that our work is unlike previous therapy.
(406) 204-4085 View (406) 204-4085
Photo of Meira Alon, LCPC, LAC, LADC, Counselor
Meira Alon
Counselor, LCPC, LAC, LADC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718  (Online Only)
Whatever brings you here today, you deserve to be heard, you know you best! I’m honored to work with you & help you through your journey. I will meet you where you are emotionally & physically, look at you as a whole person. In order to find the best ways to help you decrease current distressing symptoms we will explore your patterns; your past, current experiences, your perception of those experiences & how they affect you. We will also explore what has and hasn’t helped in the past, as well as develop new skills and strategies to support your needs and goals. I am passionate about helping parents explore parenting challenges
Whatever brings you here today, you deserve to be heard, you know you best! I’m honored to work with you & help you through your journey. I will meet you where you are emotionally & physically, look at you as a whole person. In order to find the best ways to help you decrease current distressing symptoms we will explore your patterns; your past, current experiences, your perception of those experiences & how they affect you. We will also explore what has and hasn’t helped in the past, as well as develop new skills and strategies to support your needs and goals. I am passionate about helping parents explore parenting challenges
(406) 298-4732 View (406) 298-4732
Photo of Robin Bauman, MS, PCLC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Robin Bauman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, PCLC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Welcome! My counseling approach has a dynamic flavor that fosters individual and collective exploration to engage in deeper connections, self-awareness, and healing. I deeply respect and honor the unique experiences of all individuals, and invite clients to engage in the therapeutic relationship to uncover lost aspects of the self leading to deeper authentic wholeness & connection. I am a believer in healing through relationship and support clients in getting into contact, exploring, and embracing the parts of their identity that have been hurt in order to heal and promote increased acceptance, compassion, and growth.
Welcome! My counseling approach has a dynamic flavor that fosters individual and collective exploration to engage in deeper connections, self-awareness, and healing. I deeply respect and honor the unique experiences of all individuals, and invite clients to engage in the therapeutic relationship to uncover lost aspects of the self leading to deeper authentic wholeness & connection. I am a believer in healing through relationship and support clients in getting into contact, exploring, and embracing the parts of their identity that have been hurt in order to heal and promote increased acceptance, compassion, and growth.
(406) 319-3360 View (406) 319-3360
Photo of Dr. Meli Leilani Devencenzi, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Meli Leilani Devencenzi
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59718  (Online Only)
Immediate Openings Available - Through thick and thin the longest relationship you will have is with yourself, yet so often we give so much to others and forget to give to ourselves. We may not realize this until life piles up and feels hard to carry on our own. If you're feeling overwhelmed, stressed, confused, or like it's time to put yourself first, now is the time. Therapy can be a place to deeper understand your experiences, foster your relationship with yourself, and heal. Together we can identify what you're experiencing, process historical and current contexts, and move through it to a place of healing.
Immediate Openings Available - Through thick and thin the longest relationship you will have is with yourself, yet so often we give so much to others and forget to give to ourselves. We may not realize this until life piles up and feels hard to carry on our own. If you're feeling overwhelmed, stressed, confused, or like it's time to put yourself first, now is the time. Therapy can be a place to deeper understand your experiences, foster your relationship with yourself, and heal. Together we can identify what you're experiencing, process historical and current contexts, and move through it to a place of healing.
(435) 334-1788 View (435) 334-1788
Photo of Ann Matney, MS, LCPC, SEP, CR, LMT, Counselor
Ann Matney
Counselor, MS, LCPC, SEP, CR, LMT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bozeman, MT 59715
I have a long professional history with the body-based modalities of Rolfing Structural Integration and massage. I draw from this knowledge base as well as my Somatic Experiencing training to provide somatically-based mental health services as a counselor. Using somatic therapies, I work with clients who have experienced the mood altering effects of trauma and dissociation, helping them to find greater embodiment and engagement in their relationships again. I prefer working with clients in-person because I feel somatic work is more effective that way.
I have a long professional history with the body-based modalities of Rolfing Structural Integration and massage. I draw from this knowledge base as well as my Somatic Experiencing training to provide somatically-based mental health services as a counselor. Using somatic therapies, I work with clients who have experienced the mood altering effects of trauma and dissociation, helping them to find greater embodiment and engagement in their relationships again. I prefer working with clients in-person because I feel somatic work is more effective that way.
(406) 226-8278 View (406) 226-8278
Photo of Julie Menanno - Bozeman Therapy & Counseling, LLC, MA, LAC, LMFT, LCPC, PLPC, Counselor
Bozeman Therapy & Counseling, LLC
Counselor, MA, LAC, LMFT, LCPC, PLPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Same week appointments available now: www.therapyportal.com/p/bozeman59715/ We help individuals, couples, teens, college students and children who are struggling with anxiety, depression, feelings of sadness, relationship issues, life adjustments, career issues and more. We work with couples and families who want to improve their relationships, whether they are just hitting some bumps in the road or are on the brink of splitting up. We also work with clients who want to work on their relationship but have partners that aren't yet ready. Please do reach out; there is no better time than the present to seek help.
Same week appointments available now: www.therapyportal.com/p/bozeman59715/ We help individuals, couples, teens, college students and children who are struggling with anxiety, depression, feelings of sadness, relationship issues, life adjustments, career issues and more. We work with couples and families who want to improve their relationships, whether they are just hitting some bumps in the road or are on the brink of splitting up. We also work with clients who want to work on their relationship but have partners that aren't yet ready. Please do reach out; there is no better time than the present to seek help.
(406) 580-8082 View (406) 580-8082
Photo of Rachel Brown, SWLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, SWLC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59718
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-informed work. I practice a holistic and integrative approach that incorporates emotion-focused and attachment-based perspectives and is client-centered and based in relationship. My areas of expertise include working with individuals and families, and teens and young adults, as well as anyone interested in exploring and addressing the challenges and successes of being a human in this world.
I consider my greatest therapeutic focus to be trauma-informed work. I practice a holistic and integrative approach that incorporates emotion-focused and attachment-based perspectives and is client-centered and based in relationship. My areas of expertise include working with individuals and families, and teens and young adults, as well as anyone interested in exploring and addressing the challenges and successes of being a human in this world.
(406) 630-6976 View (406) 630-6976
Photo of Shelli Griffith, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shelli Griffith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
***ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** My practice focuses on assisting you to reach your own personal goals. I utilize a strengths based, person centered approach to counseling in order to ensure you feel heard and understood without judgement. I appreciate your opinions and values that are unique to you and believe everyone is entitled to their own perspective. I have expertise in Solution Focused Therapy, Perinatal Mood Disorders, behavior management, and grief counseling with children. My skill set is targeted to children aged 8-17 and adults.
***ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** My practice focuses on assisting you to reach your own personal goals. I utilize a strengths based, person centered approach to counseling in order to ensure you feel heard and understood without judgement. I appreciate your opinions and values that are unique to you and believe everyone is entitled to their own perspective. I have expertise in Solution Focused Therapy, Perinatal Mood Disorders, behavior management, and grief counseling with children. My skill set is targeted to children aged 8-17 and adults.
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Photo of Geoff Scholl, MA, LCPC, NBCC, Counselor
Geoff Scholl
Counselor, MA, LCPC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
What would it be like to be able to say no and not have it come with a side of guilt? A life where you only say yes to the tasks, responsibilities, and people that matter most to you? I’ve been there and I can help. I work to help people who struggle to set healthy boundaries with people in their lives, or often need to feel angry or frustrated before they are able to say “no”. This process of learning often feels difficult and one of my passions is helping people identify what is keeping them stuck in the old patterns, discover what they value and who they want to be, then commit to achieving a life that feels worth living.
What would it be like to be able to say no and not have it come with a side of guilt? A life where you only say yes to the tasks, responsibilities, and people that matter most to you? I’ve been there and I can help. I work to help people who struggle to set healthy boundaries with people in their lives, or often need to feel angry or frustrated before they are able to say “no”. This process of learning often feels difficult and one of my passions is helping people identify what is keeping them stuck in the old patterns, discover what they value and who they want to be, then commit to achieving a life that feels worth living.
(406) 641-5668 View (406) 641-5668
Photo of Megan Pagano, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Megan Pagano
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715  (Online Only)
Maybe you are seeking more meaning and purpose in your life. Maybe you worry about not living in a way that reflects your true potential. These are common concerns and ones that deserve attention. When they are avoided, unwanted behaviors and emotional distress can follow. One way to begin addressing these concerns is to develop a sense of authenticity and alignment with personal values. Another is to confront fears and uncertainties around death and dying. Exploration of what makes life worth living allows clarity of motivation and potential to emerge, bringing with them an opportunity for new choices and ways of living or being.
Maybe you are seeking more meaning and purpose in your life. Maybe you worry about not living in a way that reflects your true potential. These are common concerns and ones that deserve attention. When they are avoided, unwanted behaviors and emotional distress can follow. One way to begin addressing these concerns is to develop a sense of authenticity and alignment with personal values. Another is to confront fears and uncertainties around death and dying. Exploration of what makes life worth living allows clarity of motivation and potential to emerge, bringing with them an opportunity for new choices and ways of living or being.
(406) 602-0576 View (406) 602-0576
Photo of Joylene B Sims, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Joylene B Sims
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Waitlist for new clients
I graduated from Montana State University in 2010 and have a combined 6 years working with children and adults with mental health issues. My interests are working with adults and children that suffer from depression, anxiety, bipolar, attachment issues. I also have an interest in working with families to help with healthy boundaries, increasing positive communication and setting appropriate goals to increase the health of the family.
I graduated from Montana State University in 2010 and have a combined 6 years working with children and adults with mental health issues. My interests are working with adults and children that suffer from depression, anxiety, bipolar, attachment issues. I also have an interest in working with families to help with healthy boundaries, increasing positive communication and setting appropriate goals to increase the health of the family.
(406) 944-4238 View (406) 944-4238
Photo of Michele Elaine Violi, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele Elaine Violi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Not accepting new clients
With 20 years experience in the human service realm, and 12 years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker/Psychotherapist, I have come to believe that what is most essential in therapy is the therapist-client connection. The first step is to develop a positive, mutually respectful working relationship. Typically, I meet with you 2-3 times during which we discuss what is going on. This will help us get to know each other, and understand the basis for our work moving forward including your goals, frequency, fees, and other questions/concerns you may have.
With 20 years experience in the human service realm, and 12 years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker/Psychotherapist, I have come to believe that what is most essential in therapy is the therapist-client connection. The first step is to develop a positive, mutually respectful working relationship. Typically, I meet with you 2-3 times during which we discuss what is going on. This will help us get to know each other, and understand the basis for our work moving forward including your goals, frequency, fees, and other questions/concerns you may have.
(406) 630-4445 View (406) 630-4445
Photo of Rosanna Maria, LCPC, Counselor
Rosanna Maria
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
I work with women who want freedom from what haunts them. Women who are willing and ready to do the work to free themselves from the grip of whatever holds them. Addiction, disordered eating, anxiety, depression, a traumatic event, unhealthy relationships, you name it. Our past experiences coupled with our current modern society deeply affect our ability to find balance within our minds, bodies, and spirits. Healing is about returning to balance in these three areas. What does that look like?
I work with women who want freedom from what haunts them. Women who are willing and ready to do the work to free themselves from the grip of whatever holds them. Addiction, disordered eating, anxiety, depression, a traumatic event, unhealthy relationships, you name it. Our past experiences coupled with our current modern society deeply affect our ability to find balance within our minds, bodies, and spirits. Healing is about returning to balance in these three areas. What does that look like?
(406) 412-1187 View (406) 412-1187
Photo of Sabrina Husain Bajakian - Art and Soul Counseling, LLC, LCPC
Art and Soul Counseling, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bozeman, MT 59715
Hi there. "All of You is Welcome Here". You can Not-Want-To-Come-In for therapy & still give me a call. Your curiosity & your skepticism are welcome. This is often the root of conflict for us, right? There is a part of us that is curious, open to change. Yet as we strive to live in concert with our beliefs & values with high hopes to evolve, to be seen, known & understood some illusive, habituated roadblocks reappear. Welcome to the human dilemma. The good news: we can work with ourselves. Support is necessary from time to time. That's natural (like you).
Hi there. "All of You is Welcome Here". You can Not-Want-To-Come-In for therapy & still give me a call. Your curiosity & your skepticism are welcome. This is often the root of conflict for us, right? There is a part of us that is curious, open to change. Yet as we strive to live in concert with our beliefs & values with high hopes to evolve, to be seen, known & understood some illusive, habituated roadblocks reappear. Welcome to the human dilemma. The good news: we can work with ourselves. Support is necessary from time to time. That's natural (like you).
(406) 282-8270 View (406) 282-8270
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bozeman, MT

500+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Bozeman, MT who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
80% PacificSource
79% Allegiance

How Therapists in Bozeman, MT see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bozeman?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.