Gottman Method Therapists in West Hollywood, CA

Photo of Inna Zavadsky, LMFT, SEP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Inna Zavadsky
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90048
I love working with couples, and draw from an Emotionally Focused Therapy perspective as well as Gottman Method.
I believe the connection you have with your therapist is essential to having a positive experience in therapy. People seek therapy for many reasons. You notice feeling sad, stressed, worried or overwhelmed; you experienced a traumatic event or a great loss; you are trying to change certain patterns in your life; you want more fulfilling relationships. Whether I am working with individuals, couples or families, I am empathic, collaborative, and provide suggestions and feedback in a safe, respectful and supportive environment. I have worked with different cultures, backgrounds, ages and professions, and love learning from my clients.
I love working with couples, and draw from an Emotionally Focused Therapy perspective as well as Gottman Method.
I believe the connection you have with your therapist is essential to having a positive experience in therapy. People seek therapy for many reasons. You notice feeling sad, stressed, worried or overwhelmed; you experienced a traumatic event or a great loss; you are trying to change certain patterns in your life; you want more fulfilling relationships. Whether I am working with individuals, couples or families, I am empathic, collaborative, and provide suggestions and feedback in a safe, respectful and supportive environment. I have worked with different cultures, backgrounds, ages and professions, and love learning from my clients.
(424) 999-1087 View (424) 999-1087
Photo of John D Berndt, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
John D Berndt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046  (Online Only)
I have completed Level 3 Training in Gottman Method Couples Therapy, which I use to help facilitate change in communication patterns with couples.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist helping couples who are repeatedly caught in conflict find better ways of communicating. I enjoy helping couples work together toward changing their interactions to more positive, more productive and less stressful patterns of communication. I strive to create a collaborative, nonjudgmental space where both members of a couple will feel heard and understood. I also help individuals connect with others, strengthen their core identity and live more authentic lives. I love helping people create stronger, more meaningful relationships with themselves and with others.
I have completed Level 3 Training in Gottman Method Couples Therapy, which I use to help facilitate change in communication patterns with couples.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist helping couples who are repeatedly caught in conflict find better ways of communicating. I enjoy helping couples work together toward changing their interactions to more positive, more productive and less stressful patterns of communication. I strive to create a collaborative, nonjudgmental space where both members of a couple will feel heard and understood. I also help individuals connect with others, strengthen their core identity and live more authentic lives. I love helping people create stronger, more meaningful relationships with themselves and with others.
(323) 312-5199 View (323) 312-5199
Photo of Michael Latimer, LMFT, CPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Latimer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CPCC
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90048
I also specialize in Couples Therapy and am certified in the Gottman Method.
I have been in practice for over 10 years, helping clients to explore and resolve relationship issues, as well as anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction. My work is client-centered, which attempts to tailor the therapeutic approach to the needs of the client. I incorporate Cognitive-Behavioral techniques, Mindfulness Practice, Narrative Therapy and Attachment Theory, which looks at the ways in which childhood experiences may affect one's relationship to self and others.
I also specialize in Couples Therapy and am certified in the Gottman Method.
I have been in practice for over 10 years, helping clients to explore and resolve relationship issues, as well as anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction. My work is client-centered, which attempts to tailor the therapeutic approach to the needs of the client. I incorporate Cognitive-Behavioral techniques, Mindfulness Practice, Narrative Therapy and Attachment Theory, which looks at the ways in which childhood experiences may affect one's relationship to self and others.
(424) 294-8893 View (424) 294-8893
Photo of Salonia Singh Husson, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Salonia Singh Husson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90038
For couple's I use the Gottman method and EFT to help your relationship truly prosper.
If you are experiencing self-esteem issues, going through a difficult break up, having difficulty in dating, or experiencing issues connecting or feeling understood in your family or romantic relationships, therapy can help! My goal in therapy is to help you unpack how your unique upbringing guides your current belief systems while simultaneously learning new approaches to your current life's goals, using science backed tools and insights. My approach to our work together will be relational, holistic, and culturally sensitive, and sincere. I will pull from various modalities to cater a treatment plan to your unique needs.
For couple's I use the Gottman method and EFT to help your relationship truly prosper.
If you are experiencing self-esteem issues, going through a difficult break up, having difficulty in dating, or experiencing issues connecting or feeling understood in your family or romantic relationships, therapy can help! My goal in therapy is to help you unpack how your unique upbringing guides your current belief systems while simultaneously learning new approaches to your current life's goals, using science backed tools and insights. My approach to our work together will be relational, holistic, and culturally sensitive, and sincere. I will pull from various modalities to cater a treatment plan to your unique needs.
(747) 247-1945 View (747) 247-1945
Photo of Savannah Jaouhari, MA, APCC, NCC
Savannah Jaouhari
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, APCC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046
I work to empower individuals and couples to experience healthy, fulfilling relationships with themselves and others using a trauma-informed approach and the Gottman Method.
If you are feeling lost, alone, or out of touch with your usual self, I know you have not made the decision to reach out for help lightly. Seeking therapy is an effort to do just about anything to finally feel better. Maybe you are feeling weighed down by life's stressors, like it is impossible to be a woman in today's society, struggling to navigate the transition to motherhood, overcome with sadness, and hopeless about how to take care of yourself, your relationship, or your child. If you are searching for holistic support in embodying your role as a mother, or mood management during pregnancy and post-partum, I can help.
I work to empower individuals and couples to experience healthy, fulfilling relationships with themselves and others using a trauma-informed approach and the Gottman Method.
If you are feeling lost, alone, or out of touch with your usual self, I know you have not made the decision to reach out for help lightly. Seeking therapy is an effort to do just about anything to finally feel better. Maybe you are feeling weighed down by life's stressors, like it is impossible to be a woman in today's society, struggling to navigate the transition to motherhood, overcome with sadness, and hopeless about how to take care of yourself, your relationship, or your child. If you are searching for holistic support in embodying your role as a mother, or mood management during pregnancy and post-partum, I can help.
(213) 668-7204 View (213) 668-7204
Photo of Juliette Horwitz, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Juliette Horwitz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90069  (Online Only)
Providing teletherapy including EMDR. Do you often feel numb, ashamed, and checked out? Do you have intense anxiety, nightmares and feel disconnected from the world? Maybe you feel internally conflicted and out of control, making decisions you later regret? Overall, do you struggle with being kind and patient with yourself? With my non-judgmental attitude, my joyful perspective and the courage YOU bring to therapy, let’s team up to reduce these negative experiences and bring you from surviving to thriving.
Providing teletherapy including EMDR. Do you often feel numb, ashamed, and checked out? Do you have intense anxiety, nightmares and feel disconnected from the world? Maybe you feel internally conflicted and out of control, making decisions you later regret? Overall, do you struggle with being kind and patient with yourself? With my non-judgmental attitude, my joyful perspective and the courage YOU bring to therapy, let’s team up to reduce these negative experiences and bring you from surviving to thriving.
(424) 402-1193 View (424) 402-1193
Photo of Steven (Ivan) Cospewicz, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steven (Ivan) Cospewicz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90069  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Steven (Ivan) Cospewicz; I'm an LCSW licensed in California, Nevada, and New York. I use CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and a foundation in Motivational Interviewing, as well as Socratic Questioning. I focus diagnostically on mild to moderate anxiety and depression, as well as have experience in the more traditionally persistent diagnoses.
Hello, my name is Steven (Ivan) Cospewicz; I'm an LCSW licensed in California, Nevada, and New York. I use CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and a foundation in Motivational Interviewing, as well as Socratic Questioning. I focus diagnostically on mild to moderate anxiety and depression, as well as have experience in the more traditionally persistent diagnoses.
(323) 613-3734 View (323) 613-3734
Photo of Sam Elliott Pow, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sam Elliott Pow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046
Healing from trauma, reclaiming power, growing from struggle and learning to work WITH emotions rather than AGAINST them are the goals I strive to support my clients in achieving. I want to help my clients move beyond simply not feeling so depressed, anxious, angry or manic. I want to help them transcend their pain, feel like they are fulfilling their purpose in life, are able to truly love themselves and are cultivating relationships that feed their soul. Narrative Therapy teaches my clients to transform the meaning of what they have been through and techniques from Existential Therapy help clients create or discover their purpose.
Healing from trauma, reclaiming power, growing from struggle and learning to work WITH emotions rather than AGAINST them are the goals I strive to support my clients in achieving. I want to help my clients move beyond simply not feeling so depressed, anxious, angry or manic. I want to help them transcend their pain, feel like they are fulfilling their purpose in life, are able to truly love themselves and are cultivating relationships that feed their soul. Narrative Therapy teaches my clients to transform the meaning of what they have been through and techniques from Existential Therapy help clients create or discover their purpose.
(747) 271-2029 View (747) 271-2029
Photo of James Guay, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
James Guay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069
Emotional and psychological pain is what drives most people to therapy. This pain can show up in our lives in various ways: never feeling good enough, going to sleep feeling lonely or disconnected, being riddled with anxiety, relationship conflict/boredom, or having unhealthy patterns that never seems to go away. Your life changes when you open yourself up to love, transformation and the present moment. When we develop a better relationship with ourselves — with lots of self-compassion — we can live life more fully. My style is conversational, direct, and provides a courages space for assisted self-study.
Emotional and psychological pain is what drives most people to therapy. This pain can show up in our lives in various ways: never feeling good enough, going to sleep feeling lonely or disconnected, being riddled with anxiety, relationship conflict/boredom, or having unhealthy patterns that never seems to go away. Your life changes when you open yourself up to love, transformation and the present moment. When we develop a better relationship with ourselves — with lots of self-compassion — we can live life more fully. My style is conversational, direct, and provides a courages space for assisted self-study.
(310) 736-2093 View (310) 736-2093
Photo of Ken Howard - Gay Therapy LA (Ken Howard, LCSW, CST), MSW, LCSW, CST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gay Therapy LA (Ken Howard, LCSW, CST)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069  (Online Only)
Are you a gay man who is trying to reduce conflict in your relationship? Do you have concerns about sexual frequency or performance/satisfaction? Do you want help in how to grow your career/income, cope with workplace stress, gain self-confidence in sex and dating, or cope with a medical or psychiatric challenge (depression, anxiety, ADD, OCD, PTSD)? Support for healing from a traumatic experience (violent crime, illness, accident), or recovering from difficult past experiences in your Family of Origin or past relationships? Recover from substance issues? I help gay men with all of these issues and more in my long (32 years) career.
Are you a gay man who is trying to reduce conflict in your relationship? Do you have concerns about sexual frequency or performance/satisfaction? Do you want help in how to grow your career/income, cope with workplace stress, gain self-confidence in sex and dating, or cope with a medical or psychiatric challenge (depression, anxiety, ADD, OCD, PTSD)? Support for healing from a traumatic experience (violent crime, illness, accident), or recovering from difficult past experiences in your Family of Origin or past relationships? Recover from substance issues? I help gay men with all of these issues and more in my long (32 years) career.
(310) 905-8997 View (310) 905-8997
Photo of Nancy Downey, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nancy Downey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046
Let's face it: Our world is incredibly chaotic right now. Our inability to control the circumstances can feel overwhelming at times. The good news is that when chaos arises, the opportunity for reflection and change becomes more urgent. My priority is to understand how your symptoms of anxiety and low self-esteem are affecting your relationships and overall sense of self. Once established, we can peel back the layers one by one and create some movement in your life and in your relationships.
Let's face it: Our world is incredibly chaotic right now. Our inability to control the circumstances can feel overwhelming at times. The good news is that when chaos arises, the opportunity for reflection and change becomes more urgent. My priority is to understand how your symptoms of anxiety and low self-esteem are affecting your relationships and overall sense of self. Once established, we can peel back the layers one by one and create some movement in your life and in your relationships.
(818) 435-4987 View (818) 435-4987
Photo of Danika L Zivot - Dr. Danika Zivot - Coaching & Psychotherapy , DBH, MFT, MBA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Danika Zivot - Coaching & Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, DBH, MFT, MBA
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90048
Danika is an interactive therapist - she doesn't just sit back and listen! She specialize's in behavioral health, emotional regulation, health + wellness coaching, and professional and personal growth. She uses compassion and directness as she helps you uncover and break the unhealthy patterns that can keep you stuck, and help you develop the skills and strategies to create a balanced and fulfilling life. She can help you experience healthier relationships with yourself and with others, enhance your emotional intelligence and rational perspective, and be more balanced between mind, body, and soul.
Danika is an interactive therapist - she doesn't just sit back and listen! She specialize's in behavioral health, emotional regulation, health + wellness coaching, and professional and personal growth. She uses compassion and directness as she helps you uncover and break the unhealthy patterns that can keep you stuck, and help you develop the skills and strategies to create a balanced and fulfilling life. She can help you experience healthier relationships with yourself and with others, enhance your emotional intelligence and rational perspective, and be more balanced between mind, body, and soul.
(424) 459-8601 View (424) 459-8601
Photo of Samantha Juliene, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samantha Juliene
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90048  (Online Only)
Hi. I first want to welcome you to my practice and congratulate you on your courage! As a therapist, my goal is to provide a space for you to be authentically who you are without judgment. I provide support during the hard times, ask tough questions when necessary, and work with you to find practical solutions to your challenges. I aim to forge a deep and trusting relationship so that you feel comfortable discussing your most protected thoughts and feelings. There are no quick fixes, but developing the life skills, improving self-respect, and connecting deeply with loved ones are key in building wholeness in mind, body, and spirit!
Hi. I first want to welcome you to my practice and congratulate you on your courage! As a therapist, my goal is to provide a space for you to be authentically who you are without judgment. I provide support during the hard times, ask tough questions when necessary, and work with you to find practical solutions to your challenges. I aim to forge a deep and trusting relationship so that you feel comfortable discussing your most protected thoughts and feelings. There are no quick fixes, but developing the life skills, improving self-respect, and connecting deeply with loved ones are key in building wholeness in mind, body, and spirit!
(747) 207-4454 View (747) 207-4454
Photo of Dr. Ingrid Solano, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Ingrid Solano
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046
I see myself as an intuitive, creative, informed, and highly trained Clinical Psychologist that provides a safe, nonjudgmental, and transformative environment. Therapy with me fosters a deep sense of engagement and connection, a sense of feeling heard and understood, and clarity where there was previously ambiguity. This work is active, penetrating, and engaging. Together, we will create a climate of discovery where you will feel heard, while also experiencing my active participation and direction.
I see myself as an intuitive, creative, informed, and highly trained Clinical Psychologist that provides a safe, nonjudgmental, and transformative environment. Therapy with me fosters a deep sense of engagement and connection, a sense of feeling heard and understood, and clarity where there was previously ambiguity. This work is active, penetrating, and engaging. Together, we will create a climate of discovery where you will feel heard, while also experiencing my active participation and direction.
(310) 361-3196 View (310) 361-3196
Photo of Nicole Minor - Nicole Minor -  Expansive Therapy, AMFT, Counselor
Nicole Minor - Expansive Therapy
Counselor, AMFT
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90069
I value helping to foster a secure space and use an integrative approach to help clients feel empowered to reach their personal goals. Intersectionality has been paramount on my own personal healing journey and I have had the opportunity to work with clients who benefit from the same lens.
I value helping to foster a secure space and use an integrative approach to help clients feel empowered to reach their personal goals. Intersectionality has been paramount on my own personal healing journey and I have had the opportunity to work with clients who benefit from the same lens.
(914) 342-7422 View (914) 342-7422
Photo of Celine M. Paganini, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Celine M. Paganini
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069  (Online Only)
Whether struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, dissociation, relationships, reproduction or existential despair, I am here to help. By approaching your well-being from every angle, we will work together to facilitate a mindful exploration of your conscious and unconscious thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I will help you build a personalized self-care regimen aimed to help you learn about yourself in a kind, compassionate, and non-judgmental way. This may allow you to begin exploring how your mind and body process experiences; how your past may get activated in your present; and how your body instinctually responds.
Whether struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, trauma, dissociation, relationships, reproduction or existential despair, I am here to help. By approaching your well-being from every angle, we will work together to facilitate a mindful exploration of your conscious and unconscious thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I will help you build a personalized self-care regimen aimed to help you learn about yourself in a kind, compassionate, and non-judgmental way. This may allow you to begin exploring how your mind and body process experiences; how your past may get activated in your present; and how your body instinctually responds.
(323) 736-5732 View (323) 736-5732
Photo of Shelly-Ann M Collins Rawle, PhD, NCC, Psychologist
Shelly-Ann M Collins Rawle
Psychologist, PhD, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90046
No one ever said it (life, relationships, career, school) would be easy but should it be this hard? Taking the first step to explore therapy can be challenging but it can be helpful to obtain support during times of transition or difficulty. If you are still unsure, or even if you are familiar with the therapeutic process, meeting me and getting more information about how I work just takes one session, and a consultation costs you nothing.
No one ever said it (life, relationships, career, school) would be easy but should it be this hard? Taking the first step to explore therapy can be challenging but it can be helpful to obtain support during times of transition or difficulty. If you are still unsure, or even if you are familiar with the therapeutic process, meeting me and getting more information about how I work just takes one session, and a consultation costs you nothing.
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Photo of Nicholas F Flickinger, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicholas F Flickinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90069
I believe that we all have the ability to heal from our past and learn to grow in the present. Sometimes life presents us with challenges that require guidance in order to change our patterns of thinking and beliefs that are making us feel trapped. Whether it’s anxiety, depression, relationships, low self-worth, body image, gender & sexuality, grief, or addiction, I would be honored to walk this path with you and find the form of therapy that suits your needs. Practice experience: Private practice, LA LGBT Center, NC State University Health Center, community mental health non-profits. *Free 15-minute phone consult bookable online.*
I believe that we all have the ability to heal from our past and learn to grow in the present. Sometimes life presents us with challenges that require guidance in order to change our patterns of thinking and beliefs that are making us feel trapped. Whether it’s anxiety, depression, relationships, low self-worth, body image, gender & sexuality, grief, or addiction, I would be honored to walk this path with you and find the form of therapy that suits your needs. Practice experience: Private practice, LA LGBT Center, NC State University Health Center, community mental health non-profits. *Free 15-minute phone consult bookable online.*
(323) 792-7487 View (323) 792-7487
Photo of Danielle Green, MA, MDiv, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Danielle Green
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MDiv, PhD
Verified Verified
West Hollywood, CA 90048
I provide a safe environment to explore and resolve beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that stand in the way of living a fully conscious and authentic life. Specialties include work with anxiety, depression, trauma, divorce, death, attachment ruptures, and ancestral/ inter-generational shame, and PTSD. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, I have studied at the Graduate Theological Union - University of California, Berkeley, The Graduate School for Marriage and Family Therapy, Ca.Institute of Integral Studies (San Francisco), and The Jung Institute in Zurich, Switzerland. I hold two Masters degrees and a Ph D in Psychology.
I provide a safe environment to explore and resolve beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that stand in the way of living a fully conscious and authentic life. Specialties include work with anxiety, depression, trauma, divorce, death, attachment ruptures, and ancestral/ inter-generational shame, and PTSD. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, I have studied at the Graduate Theological Union - University of California, Berkeley, The Graduate School for Marriage and Family Therapy, Ca.Institute of Integral Studies (San Francisco), and The Jung Institute in Zurich, Switzerland. I hold two Masters degrees and a Ph D in Psychology.
(941) 809-4554 View (941) 809-4554
Photo of Zachary M Zaret, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Zachary M Zaret
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069
As a queer identified cis white male therapist with a passion for both mental health and the entertainment industry, I believe that a combination of a queer affirmative lens and my background in performance make me different from other therapists. My work in entertainment allows me to bring a creative and innovative approach to therapy so I can provide a unique and valuable experience to every client. While I primarily work within the LGBT community, my approach with all clients is rooted in the belief that everyone has the power to transform their life, I’m here to help them do just that.
As a queer identified cis white male therapist with a passion for both mental health and the entertainment industry, I believe that a combination of a queer affirmative lens and my background in performance make me different from other therapists. My work in entertainment allows me to bring a creative and innovative approach to therapy so I can provide a unique and valuable experience to every client. While I primarily work within the LGBT community, my approach with all clients is rooted in the belief that everyone has the power to transform their life, I’m here to help them do just that.
(310) 363-8224 View (310) 363-8224
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Gottman Method Therapists

How does the Gottman method work?

One of the core doctrines of the Gottman method is that negative emotions hurt relationships about five times more than positive emotions help them. Thus, couples require five times more positive interactions than negative interactions with each other. The therapist will guide clients on how to improve communication and understanding of each other to manage conflict and have their emotional needs met. The therapist will also advise couples on how to repair relations with each other when conflict arises, and therefore avoid lasting damage.

Is the Gottman method evidence-based?

Yes, this method is an evidence-based approach to couples therapy. The method is based on more than 40 years of research by Drs. John and Julie Gottman, the psychologists who developed the method. The Gottmans analyzed decades of data to draw conclusions about what types of interactions are likely to lead to specific results, and which interventions are most likely to lead to success. Studies have found that this approach leads to improvements in relationship satisfaction, intimacy, communication skills, and a lower rate of divorce.

How long does the Gottman method take?

The duration of treatment depends on the specific challenges clients face. Sessions are typically 60 to 90 minutes long, and an average course of treatment is around 10 sessions. In some cases, such as for couples dealing with a critical problem, the therapist will suggest an intensive course of treatment, with daily sessions over the first two to four days. Treatment is complete when the couple is satisfied and has met the goals they’ve set, and when the therapist believes they have the skills to continue on their own.

Is the Gottman method effective?

Through the Gottman method, couples can achieve changes that are real and sustainable. This treatment has been used for more than 40 years; the method is supported by empirical research, including randomized controlled trials that have demonstrated effectiveness in improving relationship outcomes for couples. Like any talk therapy, success or failure depends in large part on how committed the clients are to making positive changes and working toward results.