Therapists in Valley Center, CA
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Check out therapists located nearby or offering teletherapy in California below.More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Tsueyhwa Pan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/24798305-1bd2-4da5-aa23-f28b808af275/2/320x400.png)
My name is Sarina Pan and I am a licensed clinical social worker in private practice in Los Angeles area. I work with adolescents and adults across all ages. I help people experience relief from shame, relationship struggles, anxiety, depression, and inner criticism through self-understanding, self-exploring, and self-compassion. Hearing people out and providing support and guidance to them to walk out from the life struggles is my true life passion.
My name is Sarina Pan and I am a licensed clinical social worker in private practice in Los Angeles area. I work with adolescents and adults across all ages. I help people experience relief from shame, relationship struggles, anxiety, depression, and inner criticism through self-understanding, self-exploring, and self-compassion. Hearing people out and providing support and guidance to them to walk out from the life struggles is my true life passion.
![Photo of Katherine Graves, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d1626ea6-d278-4198-bea2-7e2bb91693bf/1/320x400.png)
Katherine Graves, LMFT, LPCC - I am in my 20th year as a licensed therapist. I completed my undergraduate and graduate work at California State University, Bakersfield. I take a client-centered approach and I specialize in treating clients with anxiety, stress, relational issues, grief, and depression using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Katherine Graves, LMFT, LPCC - I am in my 20th year as a licensed therapist. I completed my undergraduate and graduate work at California State University, Bakersfield. I take a client-centered approach and I specialize in treating clients with anxiety, stress, relational issues, grief, and depression using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
![Photo of Shelli Jackson, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/caf34527-2bae-4b16-84f1-eac70d95978f/2/320x400.jpeg)
I work with individuals on a wide array of topics, most involving some level of depression, anxiety, and feeling unwanted or unlovable. Many have tried to handle things on their own and if things were not too bad, they did just fine. Others continue to struggle to self-regulate, self-heal, and self-manage their symptoms and are faced with the stigma of being seen as odd, irritable, annoying, needy, or high maintenance. It is hard enough to be struggling with mental health symptoms; it's even worse when people are beginning to reject you because of how you are behaving.
I work with individuals on a wide array of topics, most involving some level of depression, anxiety, and feeling unwanted or unlovable. Many have tried to handle things on their own and if things were not too bad, they did just fine. Others continue to struggle to self-regulate, self-heal, and self-manage their symptoms and are faced with the stigma of being seen as odd, irritable, annoying, needy, or high maintenance. It is hard enough to be struggling with mental health symptoms; it's even worse when people are beginning to reject you because of how you are behaving.
![Photo of Kere Blair, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2b38cf4c-d325-4c5a-89c3-51421bb2e7a6/1/320x400.png)
Kere has been working in the mental health field for over 10 years and has been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist since 2016. Kere is also a Clinical Director of an Outpatient Mental Health Treatment Center. Kere is passionate about health and also enjoys spending her free time teaching fitness and dance classes. Growing up in Virginia, Kere was frustrated by the disconnect she saw between physical and mental health. Kere began to study and explore the role that exercise, movement and mental health therapy had on her overall health as well as those around her.
Kere has been working in the mental health field for over 10 years and has been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist since 2016. Kere is also a Clinical Director of an Outpatient Mental Health Treatment Center. Kere is passionate about health and also enjoys spending her free time teaching fitness and dance classes. Growing up in Virginia, Kere was frustrated by the disconnect she saw between physical and mental health. Kere began to study and explore the role that exercise, movement and mental health therapy had on her overall health as well as those around her.
![Photo of Kathleen Byrne, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/467643f4-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am a compassionate and caring licensed professional therapist, with many years of combined personal and professional experience working in various capacities with children, teens, and adults. As a hard working mother who raised four children (two boys and two girls), I understand the stressors that families go through in this journey we call "life." Although children and teens may be hesitant to meet with a therapist, you will find that they will warm up to me quickly. I have ways to connect with children and teens through a variety of interventions, including therapy-type games and casual and relaxed conversation.
I am a compassionate and caring licensed professional therapist, with many years of combined personal and professional experience working in various capacities with children, teens, and adults. As a hard working mother who raised four children (two boys and two girls), I understand the stressors that families go through in this journey we call "life." Although children and teens may be hesitant to meet with a therapist, you will find that they will warm up to me quickly. I have ways to connect with children and teens through a variety of interventions, including therapy-type games and casual and relaxed conversation.
![Photo of Dr. Heather Alvarado Ph.d. : Mindful Neuron Center - Neuropsychology, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/80fe8471-9246-46ad-a85b-ae466c785c3e/1/320x400.png)
Dr. Heather Alvarado Ph.d. : Mindful Neuron Center - Neuropsychology
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Escondido, CA 92026
At Mindful Neuron, we know it's tough finding the right help for your child's education. We get that you want the best support for them to do well in school. You need to understand their strengths and struggles and get personalized help that fits their needs. That's where we come in! Our team is here to support you and your child every step of the way, making sure they get the help they need in a way that respects their cultural background and language.
At Mindful Neuron, we know it's tough finding the right help for your child's education. We get that you want the best support for them to do well in school. You need to understand their strengths and struggles and get personalized help that fits their needs. That's where we come in! Our team is here to support you and your child every step of the way, making sure they get the help they need in a way that respects their cultural background and language.
I have been helping others improve their mental and emotional well-being for over 25 years. I enjoy working with all ages (infancy through adulthood and old age). I am equipped to handle severe mental illness and crises as well as difficult life transitions and stressful times. As a former Navy Psychologist I work exceptionally well in areas related to military service and traumatic stress and substance use disorders. I work in a collaborative way to find the most effective treatment for you. By the end of your first session, we have identified the problems to work on and a plan to help.
I have been helping others improve their mental and emotional well-being for over 25 years. I enjoy working with all ages (infancy through adulthood and old age). I am equipped to handle severe mental illness and crises as well as difficult life transitions and stressful times. As a former Navy Psychologist I work exceptionally well in areas related to military service and traumatic stress and substance use disorders. I work in a collaborative way to find the most effective treatment for you. By the end of your first session, we have identified the problems to work on and a plan to help.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Gina M Golden Tangalakis Ph.d., PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4ca06fc1-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
With over 20 years of clinical experience, I work with individuals, couples and families struggling with a variety of issues at all stages of development. Stress, anxiety, depression, and grief can be difficult to manage for anyone, and can be exacerbated by life circumstances. Relationship issues and family stressors can also be precipitants for increased difficulties for individuals. Personalities and abilities differ-from athletes to artists- having unique needs. Parents dealing with children with ADHD, twice gifted, learning disorders, or autism face very specific interactional challenges, impacting all areas of their life.
With over 20 years of clinical experience, I work with individuals, couples and families struggling with a variety of issues at all stages of development. Stress, anxiety, depression, and grief can be difficult to manage for anyone, and can be exacerbated by life circumstances. Relationship issues and family stressors can also be precipitants for increased difficulties for individuals. Personalities and abilities differ-from athletes to artists- having unique needs. Parents dealing with children with ADHD, twice gifted, learning disorders, or autism face very specific interactional challenges, impacting all areas of their life.
![Photo of Jose Oropeza Paredes, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7dfe504a-6777-4571-8ecd-bc930264107d/1/320x400.png)
Jose Oropeza Paredes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130 (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Jose Oropeza, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Southern California and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use. I utilize acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, solution-focused therapy, mindfulness, and motivational interviewing to support and assist my clients in their progress.
Hello, my name is Jose Oropeza, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Southern California and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use. I utilize acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, solution-focused therapy, mindfulness, and motivational interviewing to support and assist my clients in their progress.
![Photo of Rosa Portillo, MA, MS, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/10affcb5-d4ed-411a-a274-5227b1fcee0e/3/320x400.jpeg)
Rosa Portillo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90806
Welcome! I'm committed to guiding you through life's challenges and fostering resilience and wellness. Specializing in anxiety, depression, addiction, life transitions, and self-esteem, I offer compassionate, evidence-based support for your growth. In addition to my focus areas, I also have extensive experience working with neurodiverse populations, and I am committed to creating an inclusive and supportive environment. I am LGBTQ+ affirming and have worked closely with the Latinx community and am dedicated to fostering a non-judgmental therapy space.
Welcome! I'm committed to guiding you through life's challenges and fostering resilience and wellness. Specializing in anxiety, depression, addiction, life transitions, and self-esteem, I offer compassionate, evidence-based support for your growth. In addition to my focus areas, I also have extensive experience working with neurodiverse populations, and I am committed to creating an inclusive and supportive environment. I am LGBTQ+ affirming and have worked closely with the Latinx community and am dedicated to fostering a non-judgmental therapy space.
Nicole Sellin Is Not Currently Accepting New Clients.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92116 (Online Only)
I specialize in working with individuals who are experiencing depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, relationship issues, grief, trauma, and other emotional/behavioral difficulties.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker that has been practicing within this field for nearly 20 years. I am a firm believer that we all possess the ability to discover our strengths, overcome our troubles, and create healthy, fulfilling lives, especially when given the right support. We deserve to be heard, respected, and supported in a nonjudgmental, down-to-earth environment; where we are appreciated for who we are, where we came from, and the direction we wish to go. I am here to offer you space to explore those areas of your life that cause you difficulty and together discover solutions that lead to a happier, peaceful life.
I specialize in working with individuals who are experiencing depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, relationship issues, grief, trauma, and other emotional/behavioral difficulties.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker that has been practicing within this field for nearly 20 years. I am a firm believer that we all possess the ability to discover our strengths, overcome our troubles, and create healthy, fulfilling lives, especially when given the right support. We deserve to be heard, respected, and supported in a nonjudgmental, down-to-earth environment; where we are appreciated for who we are, where we came from, and the direction we wish to go. I am here to offer you space to explore those areas of your life that cause you difficulty and together discover solutions that lead to a happier, peaceful life.
![Photo of Sandra Sarnoff, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3c47afa1-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I offer a safe, collaborative, empathic environment where an individual can gradually deal with life's challenges including issues of depression, anxiety, grief/loss, health, trauma and abuse, and life transitions.
I listen in a respectful way to help you formulate and work toward your desired goals. In therapy, I partner with you to build on what has worked in your life and to help you understand and transform those thing that have not.
I offer a safe, collaborative, empathic environment where an individual can gradually deal with life's challenges including issues of depression, anxiety, grief/loss, health, trauma and abuse, and life transitions.
I listen in a respectful way to help you formulate and work toward your desired goals. In therapy, I partner with you to build on what has worked in your life and to help you understand and transform those thing that have not.
![Photo of Katie Jones, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/54d828d7-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
One of the most important aspects in therapy is for patients to feel heard, respected, and understood. I offer an active and collaborative therapeutic style that allows the opportunity for clients to learn, grow, explore, challenge and live the life they want to be living. With a background working in community mental health, private practice, clinical supervision and consulting in public/private school settings; I have more than 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I have helped patients with a broad range of needs including Anxiety, OCD, ADHD, Depression, behavioral and/or relational difficulties.
One of the most important aspects in therapy is for patients to feel heard, respected, and understood. I offer an active and collaborative therapeutic style that allows the opportunity for clients to learn, grow, explore, challenge and live the life they want to be living. With a background working in community mental health, private practice, clinical supervision and consulting in public/private school settings; I have more than 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I have helped patients with a broad range of needs including Anxiety, OCD, ADHD, Depression, behavioral and/or relational difficulties.
![Photo of Jennifer Van Loy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/99ac6868-0f4f-4d17-8780-8637b962b9db/2/320x400.jpeg)
I have specialized training in early childhood (0-5), depression, anxiety, neuro-diverse individuals, those with learning differences, and LGBTQIA individuals.
My name is Jennifer Van Loy and I am a licensed clinical social worker with a background working with children, teens and adults. I have a non-judgmental, collaborative and strengths based perspective and will work alongside you to support your goals. I have a humanistic, secular (non-religious) approach that is informed by an understanding of how each person has unique strengths, challenges, and aspirations. At times, each of us can feel overwhelmed by the demands on our time and energy or feel stuck in a role that no longer feels authentic.
I have specialized training in early childhood (0-5), depression, anxiety, neuro-diverse individuals, those with learning differences, and LGBTQIA individuals.
My name is Jennifer Van Loy and I am a licensed clinical social worker with a background working with children, teens and adults. I have a non-judgmental, collaborative and strengths based perspective and will work alongside you to support your goals. I have a humanistic, secular (non-religious) approach that is informed by an understanding of how each person has unique strengths, challenges, and aspirations. At times, each of us can feel overwhelmed by the demands on our time and energy or feel stuck in a role that no longer feels authentic.
![Photo of Ixchel Tellez Fonseca - Serenity Journey LLC, PsyD, LMFT, CATC-IV, CCTP, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/67570a45-f7e9-4d1d-855b-69558e1c2c11/3/320x400.jpeg)
Serenity Journey LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT, CATC-IV, CCTP
Verified Verified
Anaheim, CA 92808 (Online Only)
Dr. Ixchel Tellez Fonseca is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over eleven years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who have endured trauma who are adjusting to life stressors such as relational issues, family changes, life transitions, bullying, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, school, and work stressors. Additionally, she has worked with adults struggling with mood disorders and dual diagnoses through various treatment modalities. She strives to provide services that focus on each individual’s natural resilience and believes that positive change is possible.
Dr. Ixchel Tellez Fonseca is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over eleven years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who have endured trauma who are adjusting to life stressors such as relational issues, family changes, life transitions, bullying, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, school, and work stressors. Additionally, she has worked with adults struggling with mood disorders and dual diagnoses through various treatment modalities. She strives to provide services that focus on each individual’s natural resilience and believes that positive change is possible.
![Photo of Christina Choi, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/111c3384-7d8a-4ebf-9f8a-9824c227ffef/2/320x400.png)
I helped many clients with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, low self-esteem, mood disorders, behavioral issues, and grief.
Hello and welcome! Seeking therapy can be an overwhelming and vulnerable process. Making the effort to begin your journey shows you want a change in your life. Whether you’re struggling to get through the day or needing someone to talk to, I can provide the support you need. I will build you a safe space where you will be free to share, reflect, feel, process, and heal. You will be met with empathy, kindness, and acceptance; free of judgment. We will work together so you can grow into your most authentic self, while developing strong and healthy goals and coping skills to face life’s challenges with confidence.
I helped many clients with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, low self-esteem, mood disorders, behavioral issues, and grief.
Hello and welcome! Seeking therapy can be an overwhelming and vulnerable process. Making the effort to begin your journey shows you want a change in your life. Whether you’re struggling to get through the day or needing someone to talk to, I can provide the support you need. I will build you a safe space where you will be free to share, reflect, feel, process, and heal. You will be met with empathy, kindness, and acceptance; free of judgment. We will work together so you can grow into your most authentic self, while developing strong and healthy goals and coping skills to face life’s challenges with confidence.
![Photo of Robert Bermudez, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/101c7bdf-05b8-422a-bf76-6905ae15c823/2/320x400.jpeg)
Robert Bermudez
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murrieta, CA 92562 (Online Only)
I follow a client center and strength based approach to empower and support resiliency, specializing in life transitions, trauma, depression, anxiety, relational issues (i.
Life stressors can feel overwhelming, impacting various aspects of our lives, from relationships to our own wellbeing, sometimes turning into symptoms of depression, anxiety, and unhealthy coping. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over eighteen years of experience, offering individual and family therapy to adolescents, transitioning youth into adulthood, and adults via telehealth in California and Hawaii. During times of transition, and emotional distress, psychotherapy can help with symptom reduction, and help improve our daily functioning and relationships.
I follow a client center and strength based approach to empower and support resiliency, specializing in life transitions, trauma, depression, anxiety, relational issues (i.
Life stressors can feel overwhelming, impacting various aspects of our lives, from relationships to our own wellbeing, sometimes turning into symptoms of depression, anxiety, and unhealthy coping. I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over eighteen years of experience, offering individual and family therapy to adolescents, transitioning youth into adulthood, and adults via telehealth in California and Hawaii. During times of transition, and emotional distress, psychotherapy can help with symptom reduction, and help improve our daily functioning and relationships.
![Photo of Jay Lytton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f75ce053-cbc1-440f-87a8-a48538d7bccb/1/320x400.jpeg)
Some of the areas that I help individuals with include anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, relationships, life transitions, as well as career and workplace issues.
My name is Jay Lytton. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Woodland Hills, CA and I work with clients statewide via telehealth in California. I primarily work with adults and some of the areas I specialize in are anxiety, stress, and depression. My approach to therapy is both evidence-based and eclectic in nature. Every person has a unique set of experiences and I tailor my approach to your individual needs and goals. Some of the theoretical approaches I utilize include motivational interviewing, CBT, and other strength-based modalities.
Some of the areas that I help individuals with include anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, relationships, life transitions, as well as career and workplace issues.
My name is Jay Lytton. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Woodland Hills, CA and I work with clients statewide via telehealth in California. I primarily work with adults and some of the areas I specialize in are anxiety, stress, and depression. My approach to therapy is both evidence-based and eclectic in nature. Every person has a unique set of experiences and I tailor my approach to your individual needs and goals. Some of the theoretical approaches I utilize include motivational interviewing, CBT, and other strength-based modalities.
![Photo of Steven Su, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1c0d8b91-7904-412c-b69d-83522fb78168/3/320x400.jpeg)
Steven Su
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fullerton, CA 92832
I have experience working effectively with adults, young adults, and teenagers facing challenges such as depression, anxiety, phase-of-life issues, trauma, and grief. Additionally, I provide couples therapy to enhance relationships and communication skills. My specialization includes supporting the LGBTQIA+ community, racial minorities, Asian Americans, children of immigrants, individuals with autism, and their families.
I have experience working effectively with adults, young adults, and teenagers facing challenges such as depression, anxiety, phase-of-life issues, trauma, and grief. Additionally, I provide couples therapy to enhance relationships and communication skills. My specialization includes supporting the LGBTQIA+ community, racial minorities, Asian Americans, children of immigrants, individuals with autism, and their families.
![Photo of Jana Galambos, MS, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/540bdf64-86c5-4a2a-a84f-385fef9b4c64/3/320x400.jpeg)
Jana Galambos
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91116 (Online Only)
These are challenging and chaotic times that can lead to feelings of uncertainty, loneliness, and anxiety. I create a space that is warm, compassionate, and empathetic so you don't have to deal with these emotions alone. I love to work with young adults (20s-40s) experiencing depression, anxiety, PTSD, relationship difficulties (whether you're partnered or trying to date in the 21st century), grief, life transitions, and issues related to spirituality. I especially enjoy working with therapists in training (trainees or associates) and single people who are wanting to gain more dating experience.
These are challenging and chaotic times that can lead to feelings of uncertainty, loneliness, and anxiety. I create a space that is warm, compassionate, and empathetic so you don't have to deal with these emotions alone. I love to work with young adults (20s-40s) experiencing depression, anxiety, PTSD, relationship difficulties (whether you're partnered or trying to date in the 21st century), grief, life transitions, and issues related to spirituality. I especially enjoy working with therapists in training (trainees or associates) and single people who are wanting to gain more dating experience.
See more therapy options for Valley Center
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Depression Therapists
What is the goal of therapy for depression?
Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.
What happens in therapy for depression?
Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.
What therapy types help with depression?
Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.
Can therapy for depression be done online?
Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.
How effective is therapy for depression?
Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.