Therapists in Tujunga, CA

Photo of Joe Girillo - Joe Girillo, LMFT, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Joe Girillo, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tujunga, CA 91042
I've worked in County mental health since 1999, in acute psychiatric care since 2004, 7 years at Las Encinas Hospital Pasadena and 7 more at Adventist Health Glendale. This work has included treating patients with mood disorders, psychosis, active suicidality and chemical dependency to name a few. I spent the 5 years previous to my hospital work in community mental health, serving homeless teens in Hollywood, incarcerated adolescents at Central Juvenile Hall & underserved communities thru middle school & in-home therapy in Central & East L.A., where I counseled teens in trouble, young adults, and blended family couples.
I've worked in County mental health since 1999, in acute psychiatric care since 2004, 7 years at Las Encinas Hospital Pasadena and 7 more at Adventist Health Glendale. This work has included treating patients with mood disorders, psychosis, active suicidality and chemical dependency to name a few. I spent the 5 years previous to my hospital work in community mental health, serving homeless teens in Hollywood, incarcerated adolescents at Central Juvenile Hall & underserved communities thru middle school & in-home therapy in Central & East L.A., where I counseled teens in trouble, young adults, and blended family couples.
(951) 206-1548 View (951) 206-1548
Photo of Candace Young, Psychologist
Candace Young
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Tujunga, CA 91042  (Online Only)
The psychotherapeutic relationship is a place for you to experience being accepted, and deeply understood. Good therapy helps foster healthier relationships, life fulfillment, and self-acceptance. I have been in practice as both a Psychologist and Marriage Family Therapist for 25 years, and have extensive clinical experience, using many modalities and treating diverse populations. I am also a trained hypnotherapist. One of my specialties is working with people who are highly sensitive, intuitive, and creative. If this describes you, then you know the unique challenges of being a sensitive person living in a high-stimulus world.
The psychotherapeutic relationship is a place for you to experience being accepted, and deeply understood. Good therapy helps foster healthier relationships, life fulfillment, and self-acceptance. I have been in practice as both a Psychologist and Marriage Family Therapist for 25 years, and have extensive clinical experience, using many modalities and treating diverse populations. I am also a trained hypnotherapist. One of my specialties is working with people who are highly sensitive, intuitive, and creative. If this describes you, then you know the unique challenges of being a sensitive person living in a high-stimulus world.
(213) 260-4436 View (213) 260-4436
Photo of Elisabeth S Sadler, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elisabeth S Sadler
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tujunga, CA 91042
Are you looking for answers? Did you know that you have all the answers; all you need is within your grasp if you know where to look and how to access them. ANGER, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, or SUBSTANCE ABUSE destroy the spirit of the person as well as their relationships. Finding your true authentic self requires only the repetition of new and productive behaviors for change. Call me and we can start today!
Are you looking for answers? Did you know that you have all the answers; all you need is within your grasp if you know where to look and how to access them. ANGER, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, or SUBSTANCE ABUSE destroy the spirit of the person as well as their relationships. Finding your true authentic self requires only the repetition of new and productive behaviors for change. Call me and we can start today!
(818) 381-4959 View (818) 381-4959
Photo of Rui Cang 仓蕊, LMFT, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rui Cang 仓蕊
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Tujunga, CA 91042
Rui is a licensed marriage and family therapist who specializes in the treatment of trauma, developmental and attachment trauma, dissociative disorders and reactions to other stressful events in teens and adults. Rui is a certified somatic therapist combining Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment, as well as Attachment-Focused Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. Rui's approach is holistic (mind-body-spirit), non-violent, mindfulness-based, and attachment-based, as well as based on Interpersonal Neurobiology which is also the foundation of Rui's parenting consultation and coaching practice.
Rui is a licensed marriage and family therapist who specializes in the treatment of trauma, developmental and attachment trauma, dissociative disorders and reactions to other stressful events in teens and adults. Rui is a certified somatic therapist combining Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment, as well as Attachment-Focused Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. Rui's approach is holistic (mind-body-spirit), non-violent, mindfulness-based, and attachment-based, as well as based on Interpersonal Neurobiology which is also the foundation of Rui's parenting consultation and coaching practice.
(310) 736-4836 View (310) 736-4836
Photo of Talin Khechoomian, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Talin Khechoomian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Tujunga, CA 91042
It may have taken you a long time to start this search for a therapist. This is a first big step for many–one that took courage and self-love. Life can be really rough and sometimes the judgement of our families, society, and culture gets in the way of taking care of our mental health. Free yourself from self-doubt and from racing thoughts that may take over your daily activities and affect your relationships.
It may have taken you a long time to start this search for a therapist. This is a first big step for many–one that took courage and self-love. Life can be really rough and sometimes the judgement of our families, society, and culture gets in the way of taking care of our mental health. Free yourself from self-doubt and from racing thoughts that may take over your daily activities and affect your relationships.
(661) 451-7140 View (661) 451-7140
Photo of Christine Rivera, PsyD, PMH-C, Psychologist
Christine Rivera
Psychologist, PsyD, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Tujunga, CA 91042
Navigating motherhood and everything it comes with can often feel overwhelming. From balancing the needs of both you and your child at the same time to exploring the person you are becoming. Having a safe space to process your transformation into motherhood, the challenges, and the joys serves to support you in connecting to yourself, your purpose, and your authenticity. Sometimes there are feelings of sadness, overwhelm, or just plain feeling like you aren't "good enough". We have all been there! I come from a place of compassion and understanding, ready to explore what parenthood is, to heal, and to grow.
Navigating motherhood and everything it comes with can often feel overwhelming. From balancing the needs of both you and your child at the same time to exploring the person you are becoming. Having a safe space to process your transformation into motherhood, the challenges, and the joys serves to support you in connecting to yourself, your purpose, and your authenticity. Sometimes there are feelings of sadness, overwhelm, or just plain feeling like you aren't "good enough". We have all been there! I come from a place of compassion and understanding, ready to explore what parenthood is, to heal, and to grow.
(747) 236-6832 View (747) 236-6832

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Steven Sabbah, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steven Sabbah
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
Hello, My Name is Steven. I am a Licensed Clinician/LCSW with over fifteen years of experience working with the public. I believe who we are today is a culmination of our upbringing, life experiences, and choices. However, we have the ability to change what we don't like about ourselves or current situation by facing it head-on. I will be there to help guide and support you on this journey. I have worked with many populations over the past several years. I have an extensive history of working with adolescents, first responders, men, and athletes.
Hello, My Name is Steven. I am a Licensed Clinician/LCSW with over fifteen years of experience working with the public. I believe who we are today is a culmination of our upbringing, life experiences, and choices. However, we have the ability to change what we don't like about ourselves or current situation by facing it head-on. I will be there to help guide and support you on this journey. I have worked with many populations over the past several years. I have an extensive history of working with adolescents, first responders, men, and athletes.
(949) 776-9630 View (949) 776-9630
Photo of Nora Chitilian, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nora Chitilian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
La Crescenta, CA 91214
Life can be full of challenges, but also rewards. Therapy can help us to have better relationships with our family and friends, as well as those in our extended communities. Those are extensions of our relationships with ourselves. I would like to help you build those relationships by providing a safe and welcoming non-judgmental environment. Together we will design and build the mental and emotional structure where you can live your happiest life that is mindful and peaceful.
Life can be full of challenges, but also rewards. Therapy can help us to have better relationships with our family and friends, as well as those in our extended communities. Those are extensions of our relationships with ourselves. I would like to help you build those relationships by providing a safe and welcoming non-judgmental environment. Together we will design and build the mental and emotional structure where you can live your happiest life that is mindful and peaceful.
(818) 583-6110 View (818) 583-6110
Photo of Jorge Alvarez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jorge Alvarez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
My name is Jorge J. Alvarez and I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist and Licensed Educational Psychologist. I enjoy working with a wide range of people who are interested in improving their lives through in-depth exploration of emotions and behaviors which impact personal, social, occupational, and family relationships. As a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist, I enjoy working with individuals suffering from trauma, anxiety, and depression. I also enjoy helping individuals meet goals through increased focus, motivation, and empowerment.
My name is Jorge J. Alvarez and I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist and Licensed Educational Psychologist. I enjoy working with a wide range of people who are interested in improving their lives through in-depth exploration of emotions and behaviors which impact personal, social, occupational, and family relationships. As a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist, I enjoy working with individuals suffering from trauma, anxiety, and depression. I also enjoy helping individuals meet goals through increased focus, motivation, and empowerment.
(408) 762-3078 View (408) 762-3078
Photo of Vianey Galdamez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vianey Galdamez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sun Valley, CA 91352  (Online Only)
I have been practicing for approximately 8 years. I have experience in many different settings from urgent care to individual and group therapy.
I have been practicing for approximately 8 years. I have experience in many different settings from urgent care to individual and group therapy.
(213) 955-7086 View (213) 955-7086
Photo of Jennifer Nyhan, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Nyhan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Crescenta, CA 91214
Do you find yourself in a place of pain or struggle? Asking for support is an act of courage and strength. The gift of therapy is discovering that through pain and trauma, we can often find growth and meaning. Life is hard, and I am here to help You may have been able to deal with life's challenges but now find yourself feeling stuck or overwhelmed. I am passionate about helping people tap into positive change and healing. I am committed to guiding you toward uncovering the strength and resilience you may have been unaware you had. I specialize in grief and loss, life transitions, and adjusting to cancer and other serious illnesses.
Do you find yourself in a place of pain or struggle? Asking for support is an act of courage and strength. The gift of therapy is discovering that through pain and trauma, we can often find growth and meaning. Life is hard, and I am here to help You may have been able to deal with life's challenges but now find yourself feeling stuck or overwhelmed. I am passionate about helping people tap into positive change and healing. I am committed to guiding you toward uncovering the strength and resilience you may have been unaware you had. I specialize in grief and loss, life transitions, and adjusting to cancer and other serious illnesses.
(818) 308-1268 View (818) 308-1268
Photo of Lynzie Genel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lynzie Genel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
Hi there! I'm Lynzie Genel, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with License 116340, and I'm excited to embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and personal growth with you. Welcome to a safe, supportive space where you're free to be your authentic self, to explore, and to transform. My client focus centers on individuals who may have had involvement with the child welfare system and high school students, drawing from my background in the child welfare system and current role as a high school social worker.
Hi there! I'm Lynzie Genel, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with License 116340, and I'm excited to embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and personal growth with you. Welcome to a safe, supportive space where you're free to be your authentic self, to explore, and to transform. My client focus centers on individuals who may have had involvement with the child welfare system and high school students, drawing from my background in the child welfare system and current role as a high school social worker.
(925) 515-2987 View (925) 515-2987
Photo of Suzy (Suanne) Kain, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Suzy (Suanne) Kain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
Hello. I come to this work with a passion for working with adults experiencing overwhelming feelings brought on by life transitions. You may face debilitating emotions of depression, anxiety, dread, and lack of self-confidence. When present, such feelings can upset your emotional equilibrium. Our focus will be to restore this equilibrium. My therapeutic orientation incorporates a diverse approach looking at the systems that inform your emotional makeup, your patterns of response to strong emotions, and the ways your life experiences can impact the present.
Hello. I come to this work with a passion for working with adults experiencing overwhelming feelings brought on by life transitions. You may face debilitating emotions of depression, anxiety, dread, and lack of self-confidence. When present, such feelings can upset your emotional equilibrium. Our focus will be to restore this equilibrium. My therapeutic orientation incorporates a diverse approach looking at the systems that inform your emotional makeup, your patterns of response to strong emotions, and the ways your life experiences can impact the present.
(213) 632-5927 View (213) 632-5927
Photo of Erica Gormley, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erica Gormley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I work with individuals to help increase self-awareness and explore authenticity and stress reduction, which occurs in everyday life. I understand that making a decision to seek help can be difficult so I use an approach that is compassionate, direct, and non-judgmental to help you feel supported throughout your counseling journey. My approach to therapy includes talk therapy, mindfulness, and various therapeutic techniques, including CBT, stress reduction, & grief counseling.
As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I work with individuals to help increase self-awareness and explore authenticity and stress reduction, which occurs in everyday life. I understand that making a decision to seek help can be difficult so I use an approach that is compassionate, direct, and non-judgmental to help you feel supported throughout your counseling journey. My approach to therapy includes talk therapy, mindfulness, and various therapeutic techniques, including CBT, stress reduction, & grief counseling.
(714) 930-1719 View (714) 930-1719
Photo of Kathryn A Downing - Kathy Downing, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathy Downing
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
La Crescenta, CA 91214
When someone says, "get over it" -- well, if it was that easy, you'd already have done that, right? It's not always that easy, getting past that stuck spot, especially when criticism & judgment add insult to injury. What I love to do more than anything in my life is, help people get past those upsetting memories, & make solid, lasting changes, and move forward, in freedom. Sometimes, that means helping to identify a subtle, indecipherable trauma. Sometimes that means, tackling unspeakably horrific violence you survived. Sometimes that means, working together with the two of you together for communication skills. Because -
When someone says, "get over it" -- well, if it was that easy, you'd already have done that, right? It's not always that easy, getting past that stuck spot, especially when criticism & judgment add insult to injury. What I love to do more than anything in my life is, help people get past those upsetting memories, & make solid, lasting changes, and move forward, in freedom. Sometimes, that means helping to identify a subtle, indecipherable trauma. Sometimes that means, tackling unspeakably horrific violence you survived. Sometimes that means, working together with the two of you together for communication skills. Because -
(818) 306-4871 View (818) 306-4871
Photo of Jamie Given - Given Guidance Family Counseling, MA, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Given Guidance Family Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91214
Many people often experience feelings of being misunderstood or isolated in difficult situations where their loved ones are unable to help them navigate their emotional responses. My approach to therapy is to hear you, to understand your perspective, and to provide a supportive environment for authentic self-expression. I enjoy assisting clients with growth and discovery of new pathways to healing. Whether you are experiencing difficulty with depression, anxiety, communication, trauma, relationships, identity, or growth, I will be able to assist you in processing your experiences by providing guidance toward finding your balance.
Many people often experience feelings of being misunderstood or isolated in difficult situations where their loved ones are unable to help them navigate their emotional responses. My approach to therapy is to hear you, to understand your perspective, and to provide a supportive environment for authentic self-expression. I enjoy assisting clients with growth and discovery of new pathways to healing. Whether you are experiencing difficulty with depression, anxiety, communication, trauma, relationships, identity, or growth, I will be able to assist you in processing your experiences by providing guidance toward finding your balance.
(818) 446-7488 View (818) 446-7488
Photo of Aida Colocho, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Aida Colocho
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
La Crescenta, CA 91214  (Online Only)
Many individuals find themselves in moments where getting through the day can be a struggle and have no idea what could be triggering this loss of excitement and hope. In these moments it can be helpful to work with a therapist that can provide a safe space to openly talk about what life challenges have presented themselves in your life. I specialize in working collaboratively with Adults of all ages and I help provide guidance towards a path of regaining the self you feel you have lost and gaining hope for the possibilities ahead.
Many individuals find themselves in moments where getting through the day can be a struggle and have no idea what could be triggering this loss of excitement and hope. In these moments it can be helpful to work with a therapist that can provide a safe space to openly talk about what life challenges have presented themselves in your life. I specialize in working collaboratively with Adults of all ages and I help provide guidance towards a path of regaining the self you feel you have lost and gaining hope for the possibilities ahead.
(818) 722-8934 View (818) 722-8934
Photo of Susan Genie Chakmakian, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Susan Genie Chakmakian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91214  (Online Only)
Are you stressed and overwhelmed by difficulties with relationships, your job, your purpose in life? There is hope. I believe that deeper understanding of yourself can create contentment, acceptance and peace. Through a collaborative process, I will support you in uncovering the emotional truth of your struggle, which will reduce stress, support healing and change, and help facilitate a more meaningful direction. Finding new and better ways of dealing with your conflicts may be challenging at times, but it's time to start feeling better and the rewards are worth it.
Are you stressed and overwhelmed by difficulties with relationships, your job, your purpose in life? There is hope. I believe that deeper understanding of yourself can create contentment, acceptance and peace. Through a collaborative process, I will support you in uncovering the emotional truth of your struggle, which will reduce stress, support healing and change, and help facilitate a more meaningful direction. Finding new and better ways of dealing with your conflicts may be challenging at times, but it's time to start feeling better and the rewards are worth it.
(818) 864-0320 View (818) 864-0320
Photo of Ian Hansen, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ian Hansen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
Hello, my name is Ian Hansen and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who has worked with children, families, and adults in multiple settings. I have experience working with children and families involved with the Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS), Children and Adults with Trauma, and those in danger of being homeless or who are already homeless. I am also experienced with using evidenced-based practices to assist my clients with increasing their ability to cope with their situations and move forward over time.
Hello, my name is Ian Hansen and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who has worked with children, families, and adults in multiple settings. I have experience working with children and families involved with the Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS), Children and Adults with Trauma, and those in danger of being homeless or who are already homeless. I am also experienced with using evidenced-based practices to assist my clients with increasing their ability to cope with their situations and move forward over time.
(714) 410-6788 View (714) 410-6788
Photo of Edward Kudaverdian, PhD, CHT
Edward Kudaverdian
PhD, CHT
Verified Verified
La Crescenta, CA 91214
On a daily basis we are faced with the choice to embrace our truth or to just live in autopilot blending into a routine of existence. That was me many years ago. Totally stuck, dissatisfied, angry, anxious and unhappy. I knew I had to take responsibility of my own wellbeing. There was a missing link between my day to day reality and the truth of who I was. Over the past 3 decades I have been using the same techniques that got me out of my stuck states to support my clients to live a life of choice and be fulfilled and happy.
On a daily basis we are faced with the choice to embrace our truth or to just live in autopilot blending into a routine of existence. That was me many years ago. Totally stuck, dissatisfied, angry, anxious and unhappy. I knew I had to take responsibility of my own wellbeing. There was a missing link between my day to day reality and the truth of who I was. Over the past 3 decades I have been using the same techniques that got me out of my stuck states to support my clients to live a life of choice and be fulfilled and happy.
(818) 465-5579 View (818) 465-5579

See more therapy options for Tujunga

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tujunga, CA

< 10

Therapists in Tujunga, CA who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
83% Relationship Issues
83% Parenting
83% Family Conflict
83% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

23 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
50% Other
50% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Tujunga, CA see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tujunga?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.