Therapists in Stanislaus County, CA

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Photo of Gabriela Cibrian, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gabriela Cibrian
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ceres, CA 95307
My name is Gabriela Cibrian and I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. My passion is working with individuals and families to help them understand behavioral patterns within themselves to help them make positive changes. My style and approach to therapy are a good fit for children, teens, and adults who have experienced trauma and symptoms related to stress, anxiety, and depression. I specialize in working with clients to help them understand trauma responses and formulate a plan to create healthier thought patterns that lead to healthier behavioral patterns.
My name is Gabriela Cibrian and I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. My passion is working with individuals and families to help them understand behavioral patterns within themselves to help them make positive changes. My style and approach to therapy are a good fit for children, teens, and adults who have experienced trauma and symptoms related to stress, anxiety, and depression. I specialize in working with clients to help them understand trauma responses and formulate a plan to create healthier thought patterns that lead to healthier behavioral patterns.
(209) 802-0574 View (209) 802-0574
Photo of Suzanne Herron - Suzanne Herron, LMFT, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Suzanne Herron, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Modesto, CA 95354
Waitlist for new clients
The decision to seek out therapy is not always an easy one. However, finding a therapist that provides support, encouragement and techniques that can improve how you feel and function in life is worth the effort. If you are feeling overwhelmed in your relationships, work, or are experiencing low self-esteem that may cause you to use poor coping skills, take a moment and imagine yourself feeling hopeful. I am a strong believer in addressing the whole person (body, mind, soul).
The decision to seek out therapy is not always an easy one. However, finding a therapist that provides support, encouragement and techniques that can improve how you feel and function in life is worth the effort. If you are feeling overwhelmed in your relationships, work, or are experiencing low self-esteem that may cause you to use poor coping skills, take a moment and imagine yourself feeling hopeful. I am a strong believer in addressing the whole person (body, mind, soul).
(209) 661-7709 View (209) 661-7709
Jacqueline M. Borges, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Turlock, CA 95382  (Online Only)
Counseling focuses on resolving internal conflict, improving personal insight, developing more effective coping skills, and improving the quality of relationships with both one's self and others . Counseling can help to stimulate positive change, while developing healthier communication and conflict resolution skills. Are you individually struggling with depression, anxiety or anger? Counseling provides a safe therapeutic environment for clients to explore emotional triggers, thoughts, and feelings associated with those negative emotions, while also teaching effective coping skills to manage the emotional dysregulation.
Counseling focuses on resolving internal conflict, improving personal insight, developing more effective coping skills, and improving the quality of relationships with both one's self and others . Counseling can help to stimulate positive change, while developing healthier communication and conflict resolution skills. Are you individually struggling with depression, anxiety or anger? Counseling provides a safe therapeutic environment for clients to explore emotional triggers, thoughts, and feelings associated with those negative emotions, while also teaching effective coping skills to manage the emotional dysregulation.
(209) 257-4212 View (209) 257-4212
Photo of Kelly T. Pham - Insight Therapeutic Services, PhD, MS, CTRS, Psychologist
Insight Therapeutic Services
Psychologist, PhD, MS, CTRS
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
Do you owe yourself a better quality of life? Are you feeling stuck? I can help you gain insight in your relationships, conflicts, or reconcile with your troubled past to improve your life. I specialize in individual, couple, family/group therapy. I'm here to help you improve communication, self-esteem, coping skills, and overall wellness. I also provide psychological testing to clarify functional versus intellectual ability, identify personality pattern and mental health diagnosis, as well as career planning. For individuals who have severe mental illnesses, I will use contemporary positive psychology strategies to help you reduce depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and psychotic symptoms.
Do you owe yourself a better quality of life? Are you feeling stuck? I can help you gain insight in your relationships, conflicts, or reconcile with your troubled past to improve your life. I specialize in individual, couple, family/group therapy. I'm here to help you improve communication, self-esteem, coping skills, and overall wellness. I also provide psychological testing to clarify functional versus intellectual ability, identify personality pattern and mental health diagnosis, as well as career planning. For individuals who have severe mental illnesses, I will use contemporary positive psychology strategies to help you reduce depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and psychotic symptoms.
(209) 661-7670 View (209) 661-7670
Photo of Haleh Rambod, MA, MFT, PPS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Haleh Rambod
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, PPS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Turlock, CA 95382
We all face challenges in our relationships and in our lives. While many of these challenges can be dealt with on our own, there are times when we need the professional assistance of a guide, a counselor, or a coach to help us learn the skills and tools necessary to overcome the challenges we face and move forward in life with confidence and optimism. As a professional counselor and guide, I believe in your potential for self-discovery. As you consciously make an effort to experience what makes you unique, you'll become aware of your personal power and learn to create the positive, life-altering transformations you seek!
We all face challenges in our relationships and in our lives. While many of these challenges can be dealt with on our own, there are times when we need the professional assistance of a guide, a counselor, or a coach to help us learn the skills and tools necessary to overcome the challenges we face and move forward in life with confidence and optimism. As a professional counselor and guide, I believe in your potential for self-discovery. As you consciously make an effort to experience what makes you unique, you'll become aware of your personal power and learn to create the positive, life-altering transformations you seek!
(408) 622-0125 View (408) 622-0125
Photo of Sylvie Fermanian, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sylvie Fermanian
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakdale, CA 95361
Hi, my name is Sylvie Fermanian. I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 12 years of experience. I have helped individuals with anxiety, depression, brief, family conflict, job stress, and more. I use an individualized approach to each of my clients, which involves an Eclectic form of treatment. Some of the primary modalities include CBT, DBT, Solution-Focused, and Narrative Therapy. I will meet you where you are so you can go at your own pace in terms of opening up and sharing details of your life. We will develop goals together and, as therapy progresses, introduce to you skills and interventions to reach those goals.
Hi, my name is Sylvie Fermanian. I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 12 years of experience. I have helped individuals with anxiety, depression, brief, family conflict, job stress, and more. I use an individualized approach to each of my clients, which involves an Eclectic form of treatment. Some of the primary modalities include CBT, DBT, Solution-Focused, and Narrative Therapy. I will meet you where you are so you can go at your own pace in terms of opening up and sharing details of your life. We will develop goals together and, as therapy progresses, introduce to you skills and interventions to reach those goals.
(209) 290-1471 View (209) 290-1471
Photo of Maria Villeda - Maria Villeda (Deep Wellness Center), MSW, ASW
Maria Villeda (Deep Wellness Center)
Associate Clinical Social Worker, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Modesto, CA 95356
Hello, my name is Maria and I enjoy working with children, adolescents, and adults, offering both individual and family sessions in Spanish or English. I am passionate about working with people who may need support with depression, burn out, anxiety, body image, self esteem, relationships with others, healing from trauma, POC identity, and LGBTQ+ identities. I have been working in the mental health field focusing on preventative and early interventions training to the community around mental health wellness, suicide, and domestic violence.
Hello, my name is Maria and I enjoy working with children, adolescents, and adults, offering both individual and family sessions in Spanish or English. I am passionate about working with people who may need support with depression, burn out, anxiety, body image, self esteem, relationships with others, healing from trauma, POC identity, and LGBTQ+ identities. I have been working in the mental health field focusing on preventative and early interventions training to the community around mental health wellness, suicide, and domestic violence.
(209) 379-0259 View (209) 379-0259
Photo of Roselia Ortega - Roselia Ortega (Deep Wellness Center), MSW, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Roselia Ortega (Deep Wellness Center)
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Modesto, CA 95356
Hello, my name is Roselia Ortega, and I am fluent in English and Spanish. I am an Associate Clinical Social Worker who specializes in individual, couples, and family therapy. I have extensive experience working with couples struggling with conflicts and communication issues, co-parenting, and enhancing family dynamics. I also have over thirteen years of experience working with neglected, abused, and high-risk children and their families.
Hello, my name is Roselia Ortega, and I am fluent in English and Spanish. I am an Associate Clinical Social Worker who specializes in individual, couples, and family therapy. I have extensive experience working with couples struggling with conflicts and communication issues, co-parenting, and enhancing family dynamics. I also have over thirteen years of experience working with neglected, abused, and high-risk children and their families.
(209) 806-4773 View (209) 806-4773
Photo of Cami Requel Allard - MyPath Psychology Inc, Psychologist
MyPath Psychology Inc
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350  (Online Only)
Every person has a unique life path that has led them to a specific moment where help might be needed. Sometimes our paths are filled with temporary roadblocks that we cannot remove alone. These roadblocks to our preferred path may be relational, emotional, and professional experiences. We can often attempt to push through the roadblocks, leading to burnout and emotional distress. We try to do things alone because it feels safe to keep our concerns private. Many believe they are meant to experience things, especially the challenging moments in life alone. Yet, in times of difficulty, it is helpful to seek support and healing.
Every person has a unique life path that has led them to a specific moment where help might be needed. Sometimes our paths are filled with temporary roadblocks that we cannot remove alone. These roadblocks to our preferred path may be relational, emotional, and professional experiences. We can often attempt to push through the roadblocks, leading to burnout and emotional distress. We try to do things alone because it feels safe to keep our concerns private. Many believe they are meant to experience things, especially the challenging moments in life alone. Yet, in times of difficulty, it is helpful to seek support and healing.
(209) 989-1494 View (209) 989-1494
Photo of Stacey Anderson-Young - Stacey Anderson-Young LMFT Catalyst Counseling Inc, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stacey Anderson-Young LMFT Catalyst Counseling Inc
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
Not accepting new clients
At times, life can smack you in the face. Sometimes unexpectedly and sometimes you can see the writing on the wall. Change is inevitable. If it’s feeling more like life is kicking your ass right now, reaching out for support could be your first step. If you’re looking to feel better, let’s identify what’s working, build some skills to handle the things that aren’t, and figure out how to heal the core issue.
At times, life can smack you in the face. Sometimes unexpectedly and sometimes you can see the writing on the wall. Change is inevitable. If it’s feeling more like life is kicking your ass right now, reaching out for support could be your first step. If you’re looking to feel better, let’s identify what’s working, build some skills to handle the things that aren’t, and figure out how to heal the core issue.
(209) 370-1213 View (209) 370-1213
Photo of Barbara Israels, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Barbara Israels
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350
Relationship struggles are part of the normal development of a relationship. Finding the way to get through this stage of growth will make the relationship strong and healthy. I have been privileged to receive excellent continuing professional couples training with leaders in our field. I provide the most effective strategies and interventions in my work with couples to lead to a more satisfying and healthy relationship.
Relationship struggles are part of the normal development of a relationship. Finding the way to get through this stage of growth will make the relationship strong and healthy. I have been privileged to receive excellent continuing professional couples training with leaders in our field. I provide the most effective strategies and interventions in my work with couples to lead to a more satisfying and healthy relationship.
(209) 390-8921 View (209) 390-8921
Photo of Irma Ficere, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Irma Ficere
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95351
Hello, I'm Irma! I am a seasoned Licensed Marriage Family Therapist with clinical and unique tools for people who want to break from unhealthy patterns of behaviors. I have many years of experience in this field and welcome everyone! I work with anxiety, depression, relationships, and transitional phases to name a few. My approach is client-centered as we identify and focus on areas you want to work on. CBT, Talk or Solution Focus. Let's collaborate on your needs! I help provide a warm, safe environment where we can get acquainted and start the process of therapy.
Hello, I'm Irma! I am a seasoned Licensed Marriage Family Therapist with clinical and unique tools for people who want to break from unhealthy patterns of behaviors. I have many years of experience in this field and welcome everyone! I work with anxiety, depression, relationships, and transitional phases to name a few. My approach is client-centered as we identify and focus on areas you want to work on. CBT, Talk or Solution Focus. Let's collaborate on your needs! I help provide a warm, safe environment where we can get acquainted and start the process of therapy.
(209) 618-2559 View (209) 618-2559
Photo of Jason C Vaughan, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jason C Vaughan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Turlock, CA 95380
I have extensive history providing therapy for a wide range of clientele from children and teens to adults, couples, and families from diverse backgrounds. I provide counseling services in my private practice office or in the comfort of your own home.
I have extensive history providing therapy for a wide range of clientele from children and teens to adults, couples, and families from diverse backgrounds. I provide counseling services in my private practice office or in the comfort of your own home.
(209) 600-7184 View (209) 600-7184
Photo of Carol Neyfeldt Benak, RN, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carol Neyfeldt Benak
Marriage & Family Therapist, RN, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
I enjoy working with transitions in life--childhood into adolescence, adolescence into adulthood, midlife and then towards the aging process. My goal is to enable a child or adult or a couple to experience life with purpose and meaning. I treat symptomatic depression, anxiety, and stress which can occur during these developmental transitions. Also, past trauma often surfaces at these junctions. An exploration of the past in connection with a thorough understanding of the present contributes to the healing process. Using my background as a nurse and nurse practitioner, together we examine how symptoms manifest in a person's physical being and their implications for living healthfully today. .
I enjoy working with transitions in life--childhood into adolescence, adolescence into adulthood, midlife and then towards the aging process. My goal is to enable a child or adult or a couple to experience life with purpose and meaning. I treat symptomatic depression, anxiety, and stress which can occur during these developmental transitions. Also, past trauma often surfaces at these junctions. An exploration of the past in connection with a thorough understanding of the present contributes to the healing process. Using my background as a nurse and nurse practitioner, together we examine how symptoms manifest in a person's physical being and their implications for living healthfully today. .
(209) 720-4987 View (209) 720-4987
Photo of Sonia Ramirez Andalon - Tri-Nia Counseling: Sonia Ramirez Andalon, LMFT, MS/P, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tri-Nia Counseling: Sonia Ramirez Andalon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS/P
Verified Verified
Riverbank, CA 95367
Welcome to Tri-Nia Counseling Marriage, Family & Individual professional counseling a place that will help you find peace and clarity through the therapeutic process. I have over 15 yrs of clinical experience and have extensive training in trauma, family counseling and couples.
Welcome to Tri-Nia Counseling Marriage, Family & Individual professional counseling a place that will help you find peace and clarity through the therapeutic process. I have over 15 yrs of clinical experience and have extensive training in trauma, family counseling and couples.
(209) 290-9021 View (209) 290-9021
Photo of Jose Andalon Tri-Nia Behavior Health Services, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jose Andalon Tri-Nia Behavior Health Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Riverbank, CA 95367  (Online Only)
Welcome to Tri-Nia Behavior Health Service, a place where you can get the help needed for these challenging moments. I am a Family and Marriage Therapist licensed in California with over 6 years of experience working with clients including depression, anxiety, parenting problems and ADHD. I also worked with individuals who have experienced trauma. My therapy is comforting and interactive and I believe treating anyone with respect and compassion. I look forward to working with you!
Welcome to Tri-Nia Behavior Health Service, a place where you can get the help needed for these challenging moments. I am a Family and Marriage Therapist licensed in California with over 6 years of experience working with clients including depression, anxiety, parenting problems and ADHD. I also worked with individuals who have experienced trauma. My therapy is comforting and interactive and I believe treating anyone with respect and compassion. I look forward to working with you!
(209) 553-4392 View (209) 553-4392
Photo of Kirsten Suarez, MS, LMFT, BCBA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kirsten Suarez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, BCBA
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
I am a marriage and family therapist licensed in California in 2018. I am also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst since 2014. I have worked in the field of Behavior Analysis since 2008, specializing in treatment for individuals diagnosed with Autism and other developmental disabilities. In addition, I have worked with adults with a variety of presenting concerns, including depression, anxiety, anger management, ADHD, parenting challenges and life changes. My counseling style is warm, collaborative and supportive. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
I am a marriage and family therapist licensed in California in 2018. I am also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst since 2014. I have worked in the field of Behavior Analysis since 2008, specializing in treatment for individuals diagnosed with Autism and other developmental disabilities. In addition, I have worked with adults with a variety of presenting concerns, including depression, anxiety, anger management, ADHD, parenting challenges and life changes. My counseling style is warm, collaborative and supportive. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
(209) 299-3017 View (209) 299-3017
Photo of Erika Ayón Navarrete, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Ayón Navarrete
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
Not accepting new clients
Life is full of changes. We often struggle with changes at work, relationships, family, losses or financial hardship. How do we bounce back from disappointments, disasters, trauma and other adversities? Most of us benefit from connecting with others. Turning to others for support is a source of strength which builds resilience. Learning how to understand our own emotions and connecting with others is part of the journey of life. I am here to support you though this journey in a safe and confidential environment with many years of experience working with diverse populations.
Life is full of changes. We often struggle with changes at work, relationships, family, losses or financial hardship. How do we bounce back from disappointments, disasters, trauma and other adversities? Most of us benefit from connecting with others. Turning to others for support is a source of strength which builds resilience. Learning how to understand our own emotions and connecting with others is part of the journey of life. I am here to support you though this journey in a safe and confidential environment with many years of experience working with diverse populations.
(209) 583-9403 View (209) 583-9403
Photo of Raul Salcedo, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Raul Salcedo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
My name is Raul Salcedo, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the State of California. I am an eclectic therapist using CBT, DBT, ACT, solution-focused, and trauma-informed approaches. My background includes working with individuals with mood disorders, substance abuse, dual diagnosis, trauma, and PTSD. I have had the opportunity to work with adults, LGBTQIA individuals, veterans, and individuals impacted by the justice system. I approach psychotherapy using a holistic mindset, tailoring your interventions to your specific needs.
My name is Raul Salcedo, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the State of California. I am an eclectic therapist using CBT, DBT, ACT, solution-focused, and trauma-informed approaches. My background includes working with individuals with mood disorders, substance abuse, dual diagnosis, trauma, and PTSD. I have had the opportunity to work with adults, LGBTQIA individuals, veterans, and individuals impacted by the justice system. I approach psychotherapy using a holistic mindset, tailoring your interventions to your specific needs.
(209) 862-6709 View (209) 862-6709
Photo of Diane Domeier, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Diane Domeier
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350
Therapy is all about growing, healing, changing or discarding something that's no longer serving your highest good. Through this process, my clients often develop a new clarity and meaning about their life, and its context. I don't believe our struggles define us; they just make us human. And through our humanity, we can find compassion for ourselves and others.
Therapy is all about growing, healing, changing or discarding something that's no longer serving your highest good. Through this process, my clients often develop a new clarity and meaning about their life, and its context. I don't believe our struggles define us; they just make us human. And through our humanity, we can find compassion for ourselves and others.
(209) 753-0264 View (209) 753-0264

See more therapy options for Stanislaus County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Stanislaus County, CA

400+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Stanislaus County, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
70% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
70% Self Esteem
66% Stress
59% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
80% Optum

How Therapists in Stanislaus County, CA see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Stanislaus County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.