Psychodynamic Therapists in Sausalito, CA

Photo of Phil Takakjian, PhD, Psychologist
Phil Takakjian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
My approach includes elements of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Short Term Psychodynamic Therapy and Zen Buddhism.
We begin by telling our story. We go at a slower pace than usual and we pay special attention to the emotionally important parts of the story, e.g., talking to our mother, worrying about work, conflict in a relationship, etc. Here we pause and direct our attention to our abdomen and ask, “How do/did I feel about this or that or him or her?” Then we wait. We don’t rush to answer the question with our heads, we wait for an answer to slowly arise from our bodies. We are bypassing our intellectual defenses and asking our bodies what’s really going on.
My approach includes elements of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Short Term Psychodynamic Therapy and Zen Buddhism.
We begin by telling our story. We go at a slower pace than usual and we pay special attention to the emotionally important parts of the story, e.g., talking to our mother, worrying about work, conflict in a relationship, etc. Here we pause and direct our attention to our abdomen and ask, “How do/did I feel about this or that or him or her?” Then we wait. We don’t rush to answer the question with our heads, we wait for an answer to slowly arise from our bodies. We are bypassing our intellectual defenses and asking our bodies what’s really going on.
(415) 851-6940 View (415) 851-6940
Photo of Fedra Tehrani, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Fedra Tehrani
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965
I have an integrative orientation and can apply a combination of evidence based therapeutic approaches: Psychodynamic, CBT, DBT, IFS, Strategic and Solution Focused.
I have supported my clients to reconnect with their true self by working through old wounds, building healthier attachments, and developing new strengths. My dedication in working with you is to empower you in taking charge of your path, past the hurdles, and find clear steps towards your goals. Prior to my practice, I gained my clinical expertise in direct client care and management roles at the San Mateo Hospital and their outpatient programs. I treated adolescents and adults w/ anxiety, depression, Autism, ADHD, life transitions, co-dependence, history of abuse/trauma. I am also on Zocdoc for direct access and online booking.
I have an integrative orientation and can apply a combination of evidence based therapeutic approaches: Psychodynamic, CBT, DBT, IFS, Strategic and Solution Focused.
I have supported my clients to reconnect with their true self by working through old wounds, building healthier attachments, and developing new strengths. My dedication in working with you is to empower you in taking charge of your path, past the hurdles, and find clear steps towards your goals. Prior to my practice, I gained my clinical expertise in direct client care and management roles at the San Mateo Hospital and their outpatient programs. I treated adolescents and adults w/ anxiety, depression, Autism, ADHD, life transitions, co-dependence, history of abuse/trauma. I am also on Zocdoc for direct access and online booking.
(925) 515-5578 View (925) 515-5578
Photo of Cheryl Groskopf, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cheryl Groskopf
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
I utilize techniques in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help identify and reframe negative thoughts, psychodynamic approaches to help gain insight into the origins of your thoughts and feelings, attachment styles, exploration of unresolved trauma, and multi-generational history of family trauma.
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
I utilize techniques in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help identify and reframe negative thoughts, psychodynamic approaches to help gain insight into the origins of your thoughts and feelings, attachment styles, exploration of unresolved trauma, and multi-generational history of family trauma.
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
(415) 997-7820 View (415) 997-7820
Photo of Sandra Chu, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sandra Chu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
I utilize an integrative approach that draws upon evidenced-based modalities which include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and Psychodynamic approaches.
I believe therapy is a journey that can foster healing, change, and personal growth. My goal is to provide a compassionate, collaborative, and safe therapeutic space that allows for vulnerability, healing, and transformation. I have over 17 years of clinical experience helping individuals work through depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, life transitions, stress, and relationship issues.
I utilize an integrative approach that draws upon evidenced-based modalities which include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and Psychodynamic approaches.
I believe therapy is a journey that can foster healing, change, and personal growth. My goal is to provide a compassionate, collaborative, and safe therapeutic space that allows for vulnerability, healing, and transformation. I have over 17 years of clinical experience helping individuals work through depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, life transitions, stress, and relationship issues.
(415) 909-5047 View (415) 909-5047
Photo of Jessica Hodge, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Hodge
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
In my clinical practice, I emphasize a psychodynamic approach to look at your past and present and how that may influence how you make decisions.
I believe in walking with individuals through their life experiences in a non-judgmental manner. I believe people are not a product of life circumstances; therefore, they do not need to live in a self-punishing manner. I believe individuals can process past traumas and issues resulting in a more fulfilling life. Gaining personal insight and personal growth is a strength that will manifest and multiply in relationships. Working with people is my passion, and I believe your past does not define your future.
In my clinical practice, I emphasize a psychodynamic approach to look at your past and present and how that may influence how you make decisions.
I believe in walking with individuals through their life experiences in a non-judgmental manner. I believe people are not a product of life circumstances; therefore, they do not need to live in a self-punishing manner. I believe individuals can process past traumas and issues resulting in a more fulfilling life. Gaining personal insight and personal growth is a strength that will manifest and multiply in relationships. Working with people is my passion, and I believe your past does not define your future.
(415) 890-2567 View (415) 890-2567
Photo of Jaime M Bardacke, LCSW, SEP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaime M Bardacke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965
I work with individuals, children, and families from a psychodynamic perspective to explore the ways conscious and unconscious processes affect current patterns, emotions, and behavior. The goal of this type of therapy is to increase awareness, relieve tension, and open avenues for change. I also practice Somatic Experiencing, a body-orientated method designed to support people in processing traumatic experiences and connect with their own capacity for healing. I incorporate principles of Mindfulness into my practice. I work with compassion, respect, and a deep belief in our ability to develop increased ease and clarity in our lives.
I work with individuals, children, and families from a psychodynamic perspective to explore the ways conscious and unconscious processes affect current patterns, emotions, and behavior. The goal of this type of therapy is to increase awareness, relieve tension, and open avenues for change. I also practice Somatic Experiencing, a body-orientated method designed to support people in processing traumatic experiences and connect with their own capacity for healing. I incorporate principles of Mindfulness into my practice. I work with compassion, respect, and a deep belief in our ability to develop increased ease and clarity in our lives.
(415) 612-5926 View (415) 612-5926
Photo of Scott James Davis, MFT, CEC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Scott James Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CEC
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965
Enhancing your Mindfullness -- Grounded in Western Psychology and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy my approach is also informed by Eastern and Transpersonal Psychology for those with an existential, spiritual, or transpersonal inquiry.
I see clients in my Mill Valley office or on Zoom. Over 20 years experience supporting diverse people in creating more Passionate, Engaged and Deeply Meaningful lives. I help people become Happier, Calmer and more Empowered in the face of life's many changes. In a compassionate and accepting environment, I welcome all that is going on for you right now, and support you in transforming problematic situations and patterns (including addiction) into a healthier more fulfilling life. Sometimes a bit of unconditional support is what we need to work through difficulties and get to a better place.
Enhancing your Mindfullness -- Grounded in Western Psychology and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy my approach is also informed by Eastern and Transpersonal Psychology for those with an existential, spiritual, or transpersonal inquiry.
I see clients in my Mill Valley office or on Zoom. Over 20 years experience supporting diverse people in creating more Passionate, Engaged and Deeply Meaningful lives. I help people become Happier, Calmer and more Empowered in the face of life's many changes. In a compassionate and accepting environment, I welcome all that is going on for you right now, and support you in transforming problematic situations and patterns (including addiction) into a healthier more fulfilling life. Sometimes a bit of unconditional support is what we need to work through difficulties and get to a better place.
(415) 289-0888 View (415) 289-0888
Photo of Carole Christensen, PsyD, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carole Christensen
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965
My approach is psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, relational, respectful and compassionate.
Whether or not they say it, most of the people that I see want to live a life that is worth living. They want to feel empowered-- to be active participants in their lives. You may feel a void, emptiness, and that something is missing. Often people feel stuck in their lives because they have lost connection with a vital part of themselves and with their hopes and desires. This vitality is the source of our imagination and creativity. This internal source and "knowing" of what we need and want becomes disconnected, covered over by past disappointments, losses and fears.
My approach is psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, relational, respectful and compassionate.
Whether or not they say it, most of the people that I see want to live a life that is worth living. They want to feel empowered-- to be active participants in their lives. You may feel a void, emptiness, and that something is missing. Often people feel stuck in their lives because they have lost connection with a vital part of themselves and with their hopes and desires. This vitality is the source of our imagination and creativity. This internal source and "knowing" of what we need and want becomes disconnected, covered over by past disappointments, losses and fears.
(415) 304-8517 View (415) 304-8517
Photo of Megan Brubaker, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Megan Brubaker
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
My approach is eclectic and I draw on psychodynamic, humanistic, mindfulness, and existential theories to identify and process specific issues.
Life is tough and seeking help at any point helps you become the hero of your story. I've worked with clients dealing with everyday stress, milestones, traumas, and losses. One of the most amazing things I witness are people who want to bring positive changes into their lives and are willing to set aside time to work on themselves and their growth and often find they can improve their lives in ways that surpass expectations.
My approach is eclectic and I draw on psychodynamic, humanistic, mindfulness, and existential theories to identify and process specific issues.
Life is tough and seeking help at any point helps you become the hero of your story. I've worked with clients dealing with everyday stress, milestones, traumas, and losses. One of the most amazing things I witness are people who want to bring positive changes into their lives and are willing to set aside time to work on themselves and their growth and often find they can improve their lives in ways that surpass expectations.
(415) 364-8167 View (415) 364-8167
Photo of S. L. McIntyre, LMFT, ASDCS, Marriage & Family Therapist
S. L. McIntyre
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ASDCS
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965
” I fuse Somatic Psychology, IFS, and Psychodynamic Humanistic principles to help my clients restore their MindBody connection so they Thrive instead of survive.
Are you an emerging professional experiencing anxiety, relationship distress, or dissociation? Are you often hypervigilant, insecure or disconnected from your body? Do you feel you can't trust yourself? Are you aware of self-defeating behaviors, but can't seem to change them? You may have had a "late-in-life" diagnosis, realized your gender or even childhood weren’t what you thought they were. You may have had a recent breakup, job change, newborn or Saturn Return. Wherever you’re at, you want long-lasting change and a Right-Fit Therapist. Someone who is not only Neurodivergent-affirming, but who is Neurodivergent themself.
” I fuse Somatic Psychology, IFS, and Psychodynamic Humanistic principles to help my clients restore their MindBody connection so they Thrive instead of survive.
Are you an emerging professional experiencing anxiety, relationship distress, or dissociation? Are you often hypervigilant, insecure or disconnected from your body? Do you feel you can't trust yourself? Are you aware of self-defeating behaviors, but can't seem to change them? You may have had a "late-in-life" diagnosis, realized your gender or even childhood weren’t what you thought they were. You may have had a recent breakup, job change, newborn or Saturn Return. Wherever you’re at, you want long-lasting change and a Right-Fit Therapist. Someone who is not only Neurodivergent-affirming, but who is Neurodivergent themself.
(650) 267-2094 View (650) 267-2094
Photo of Marla Leigh Caplan, MA, MFA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marla Leigh Caplan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965
I have training in psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, and relational approaches to psychotherapy.
I work with highly sensitive people to explore their identity and the impact of past experiences on their lives in order to find freedom moving forward with intention. My clients are artists and empaths. Many are healing from trauma, abuse, and addiction. In addition to my work with individuals, I help couples honor their differences, create shared understanding, rekindle intimacy, improve their communication skills, and find clarity about how they want to move forward in their relationship, whether that means separating or renewing their commitment to one another.
I have training in psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, and relational approaches to psychotherapy.
I work with highly sensitive people to explore their identity and the impact of past experiences on their lives in order to find freedom moving forward with intention. My clients are artists and empaths. Many are healing from trauma, abuse, and addiction. In addition to my work with individuals, I help couples honor their differences, create shared understanding, rekindle intimacy, improve their communication skills, and find clarity about how they want to move forward in their relationship, whether that means separating or renewing their commitment to one another.
(415) 980-8616 View (415) 980-8616
Photo of Rebekah B. Tinker, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebekah B. Tinker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965
My clinical approach holds an intersectional feminist and psychodynamic lens.
I believe the therapeutic relationship is built from trust and sincerity. My hope is to hold space for a genuine connection that fosters dynamic self reflection. Looking deeper into the layers of experience that inform our internal gaze and external lens, and what we intrinsically value and believe. Whether you are looking to unravel patterns of codependency, improve communication with your partner(s), or navigate through body shame and disordered eating, I see opportunity for clarity and resolve.
My clinical approach holds an intersectional feminist and psychodynamic lens.
I believe the therapeutic relationship is built from trust and sincerity. My hope is to hold space for a genuine connection that fosters dynamic self reflection. Looking deeper into the layers of experience that inform our internal gaze and external lens, and what we intrinsically value and believe. Whether you are looking to unravel patterns of codependency, improve communication with your partner(s), or navigate through body shame and disordered eating, I see opportunity for clarity and resolve.
(415) 534-4113 View (415) 534-4113
Photo of Dr. Tina Keys, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Tina Keys
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
Therapy can be a helpful space to sort through what is getting in the way of the life you desire. You might be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma or PTSD, relationship problems, substance use, or issues of religion and spirituality. You may feel overwhelmed and uncertain where to even start. I will help you get to the bottom of what is going on to create meaningful, lasting change.
Therapy can be a helpful space to sort through what is getting in the way of the life you desire. You might be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma or PTSD, relationship problems, substance use, or issues of religion and spirituality. You may feel overwhelmed and uncertain where to even start. I will help you get to the bottom of what is going on to create meaningful, lasting change.
(415) 480-5242 View (415) 480-5242
Photo of Travis Massman, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Travis Massman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
My approach is to lead with curiosity, compassion, and personal experience to help navigate, make sense, and explore new coping strategies and perspectives. The tools that once worked may no longer serve you. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to achieving your goals and because I believe effective therapy takes collaborative effort, we'll work together to discover and develop effective techniques specifically tailored for your needs. I intend to provide a safe and grounded space where you can process your vulnerabilities, build insight, solve problems, and achieve balance. I want to be a vehicle in helping you become unstuck.
My approach is to lead with curiosity, compassion, and personal experience to help navigate, make sense, and explore new coping strategies and perspectives. The tools that once worked may no longer serve you. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to achieving your goals and because I believe effective therapy takes collaborative effort, we'll work together to discover and develop effective techniques specifically tailored for your needs. I intend to provide a safe and grounded space where you can process your vulnerabilities, build insight, solve problems, and achieve balance. I want to be a vehicle in helping you become unstuck.
(415) 943-2578 View (415) 943-2578
Photo of Tanya Hunt, PhD, Psychologist
Tanya Hunt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
I aspire to provide treatment with an emphasis on health and well-being, stress reduction, and diversity from a whole-person health perspective (physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual). I provide treatment using evidenced-based therapies using a holistic approach. As a clinician, it is important to be aware of all aspects of culture that may pertain to an individual and gain the tools and strategies to most effectively assist a person. I believe it's important to emphasize collaborative shared decision-making that creates an environment for a client-centered strength-based approach.
I aspire to provide treatment with an emphasis on health and well-being, stress reduction, and diversity from a whole-person health perspective (physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual). I provide treatment using evidenced-based therapies using a holistic approach. As a clinician, it is important to be aware of all aspects of culture that may pertain to an individual and gain the tools and strategies to most effectively assist a person. I believe it's important to emphasize collaborative shared decision-making that creates an environment for a client-centered strength-based approach.
(415) 430-9374 View (415) 430-9374
Photo of Julie Baker Chouteau, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julie Baker Chouteau
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
Everyone can have a meaningful life filled with well-being. I am a catalyst for individuals in creating lives of authenticity, wellbeing and meaning. By supporting you in feeling more connected to yourself, we will work together to create an increased sense of wellbeing and satisfaction with life, relationships and work. Through deep connection to your internal process, we will together cultivate ways to open channels that bypass self-limiting behaviors so you can function more effortlessly. Purposefully engaging with yourself and others with intention and clarity, fully integrating all the parts of who you are.
Everyone can have a meaningful life filled with well-being. I am a catalyst for individuals in creating lives of authenticity, wellbeing and meaning. By supporting you in feeling more connected to yourself, we will work together to create an increased sense of wellbeing and satisfaction with life, relationships and work. Through deep connection to your internal process, we will together cultivate ways to open channels that bypass self-limiting behaviors so you can function more effortlessly. Purposefully engaging with yourself and others with intention and clarity, fully integrating all the parts of who you are.
(415) 868-4753 View (415) 868-4753
Photo of Helga Fasching, PsyD, Psychologist
Helga Fasching
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sausalito, CA 94965
For women, men, and couples midlife and long term infertility are life stages that can be filled with grief, confusion, transition and lack of control. My clients come to me saying, “I’m not who I used to be, and I’m not sure who I am now. Don't know how we can move forward.” I am passionate about people in their 40’s and 50’s because I believe that a “third act” is lying just ahead. It’s a stage in life that can be fulfilling, exciting and meaningful. It just doesn't always feel that way.
For women, men, and couples midlife and long term infertility are life stages that can be filled with grief, confusion, transition and lack of control. My clients come to me saying, “I’m not who I used to be, and I’m not sure who I am now. Don't know how we can move forward.” I am passionate about people in their 40’s and 50’s because I believe that a “third act” is lying just ahead. It’s a stage in life that can be fulfilling, exciting and meaningful. It just doesn't always feel that way.
(415) 749-9223 View (415) 749-9223
Photo of Darshan Brach, LMFT, MA, JD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Darshan Brach
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, JD
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
Are you outwardly successful but don't feel it on the inside? Are you afraid to take risks or feel that you are not living as fully as you want?
Are you outwardly successful but don't feel it on the inside? Are you afraid to take risks or feel that you are not living as fully as you want?
(415) 936-1712 View (415) 936-1712
Photo of Tina Chase, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tina Chase
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965
Waitlist for new clients
Life presents us with emotional challenges, which can deeply affect us. It might be the death of someone we dearly love; a loved one's life-threatening diagnosis; marital issues; a painful divorce; an emotionally-challenging late-in life “gray divorce.” You may be feeling sad, lonely, scared, betrayed, or not wanting to face another day. You could be the parent of a child having difficult feelings, or who is resisting seeing one of his/her parents. These times challenge you at your deepest core when you are the most vulnerable, and can make life feel too hard to bear.
Life presents us with emotional challenges, which can deeply affect us. It might be the death of someone we dearly love; a loved one's life-threatening diagnosis; marital issues; a painful divorce; an emotionally-challenging late-in life “gray divorce.” You may be feeling sad, lonely, scared, betrayed, or not wanting to face another day. You could be the parent of a child having difficult feelings, or who is resisting seeing one of his/her parents. These times challenge you at your deepest core when you are the most vulnerable, and can make life feel too hard to bear.
(415) 683-7992 View (415) 683-7992
Photo of Heather Dalmases, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Dalmases
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sausalito, CA 94965  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping and partnering with individuals to become the best, authentic version of themselves. I have over 20 years of experience providing therapeutic services, including working with adults, couples, and families, navigating challenges related to anxiety, depression, stress, relational issues, trauma, substance abuse, life transitions, self-esteem, domestic violence, LGBTQ+, parenting, and grief and loss. My approach is eclectic and versatile and adjusts to your needs to include various theoretical approaches. My goal is your goal. We will partner together, to get you, to where you, want to be.
I am passionate about helping and partnering with individuals to become the best, authentic version of themselves. I have over 20 years of experience providing therapeutic services, including working with adults, couples, and families, navigating challenges related to anxiety, depression, stress, relational issues, trauma, substance abuse, life transitions, self-esteem, domestic violence, LGBTQ+, parenting, and grief and loss. My approach is eclectic and versatile and adjusts to your needs to include various theoretical approaches. My goal is your goal. We will partner together, to get you, to where you, want to be.
(415) 842-4403 View (415) 842-4403
1
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.