Therapists in Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA

Photo of Alicia Peterson, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alicia Peterson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Are you looking for a safe place to heal as a family or couple? Or are you an individual trying to figure out effective communication strategies? Is it difficult to discuss the hurt and pain without causing more? Whether you are a teenager trying to get your parents to understand or an adult trying to figure out how to manage the stress of fulfilling multiple roles. I would like to assist you in finding creative solutions.
Are you looking for a safe place to heal as a family or couple? Or are you an individual trying to figure out effective communication strategies? Is it difficult to discuss the hurt and pain without causing more? Whether you are a teenager trying to get your parents to understand or an adult trying to figure out how to manage the stress of fulfilling multiple roles. I would like to assist you in finding creative solutions.
(951) 801-5764 View (951) 801-5764
Photo of Sharon Jones, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sharon Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Sharon Jones was born in the city of Shreveport, Louisiana and raised in the rural area of Coushatta, Louisiana. Her early life was shaped by humble beginnings. Sharon traveled to San Francisco on the bus with a hand full of change looking for a better life. Sharon resides in California and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Sharon has work experience of over 30 years in behavioral healthcare serving others.
Sharon Jones was born in the city of Shreveport, Louisiana and raised in the rural area of Coushatta, Louisiana. Her early life was shaped by humble beginnings. Sharon traveled to San Francisco on the bus with a hand full of change looking for a better life. Sharon resides in California and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Sharon has work experience of over 30 years in behavioral healthcare serving others.
(562) 561-1608 View (562) 561-1608
Photo of Leslie E Bautista, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leslie E Bautista
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling stuck? Questioning how you got there and what steps are needed to move forward. Perhaps you struggle saying no which brings frustration and resentment. Are there pressures you experience which lead to people pleasing or thoughts of not being enough? Do you feel irritable and unsure of the root cause? Maybe you bottle up your feelings or have been told you're "too emotional" and now fear of judgment holds you back. We will work together in processing the reasons that brought you into services.
Are you feeling stuck? Questioning how you got there and what steps are needed to move forward. Perhaps you struggle saying no which brings frustration and resentment. Are there pressures you experience which lead to people pleasing or thoughts of not being enough? Do you feel irritable and unsure of the root cause? Maybe you bottle up your feelings or have been told you're "too emotional" and now fear of judgment holds you back. We will work together in processing the reasons that brought you into services.
(909) 479-5338 View (909) 479-5338
Photo of Ricardo Martinez, CP, Psychologist
Ricardo Martinez
Psychologist, CP
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hi there, I'm Dr. Rick. My name is Dr. Ricardo (Rick) Martinez and I am a Licensed Psychologist based in Pasadena, CA and working with clients across California via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in helping clients who struggle with anxiety, stress, depression, those with alcohol and/or substance abuse issues, their family members, and those in recovery. I also specialize in serving clients from diverse multicultural backgrounds including those from the LGBTQ+ community.
Hi there, I'm Dr. Rick. My name is Dr. Ricardo (Rick) Martinez and I am a Licensed Psychologist based in Pasadena, CA and working with clients across California via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in helping clients who struggle with anxiety, stress, depression, those with alcohol and/or substance abuse issues, their family members, and those in recovery. I also specialize in serving clients from diverse multicultural backgrounds including those from the LGBTQ+ community.
(650) 955-0134 View (650) 955-0134
Photo of Amy Greenberg, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Greenberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hi. I am excited to begin your counseling journey with you. I am a licensed clinical social worker in California, Nevada, and Utah. I received my master’s degree in social work from Columbia University in 2004. I have worked in a variety of settings, which has helped me shape my style of therapy.
Hi. I am excited to begin your counseling journey with you. I am a licensed clinical social worker in California, Nevada, and Utah. I received my master’s degree in social work from Columbia University in 2004. I have worked in a variety of settings, which has helped me shape my style of therapy.
(909) 639-3679 View (909) 639-3679
Photo of Renee Alice Borrows, AMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Renee Alice Borrows
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
I work with people who want to be understood and supported in all aspects of their lives - their thoughts, their bodies, and their spirits. I believe that our past experiences and personal backgrounds shape who we are today, and by understanding ourselves as a whole, we can identify areas that need more care and attention. I provide a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore their personal history and navigate any struggles or challenges they may be facing.
I work with people who want to be understood and supported in all aspects of their lives - their thoughts, their bodies, and their spirits. I believe that our past experiences and personal backgrounds shape who we are today, and by understanding ourselves as a whole, we can identify areas that need more care and attention. I provide a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to explore their personal history and navigate any struggles or challenges they may be facing.
(951) 414-3924 View (951) 414-3924
Photo of Rosa Del Cid, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rosa Del Cid
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hi, my name is Rosa and we may be a good pair for therapy! I am a bilingual (Spanish) clinical social worker with over 30 years of experience in various areas. I have been fortunate to have worked in hospital, school, private foster care, and community-based settings.
Hi, my name is Rosa and we may be a good pair for therapy! I am a bilingual (Spanish) clinical social worker with over 30 years of experience in various areas. I have been fortunate to have worked in hospital, school, private foster care, and community-based settings.
(661) 463-8126 View (661) 463-8126
Photo of Jessica Davis, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
My name is Jessica Davis and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I am extensively trained in DBT and CBT and experienced in working on anxiety reduction and building coping skills. I work with a range of individuals, couples, families, and children. I welcome all sexual and gender identities, making LGBTIAQ+ affirming space a priority in my diverse practice. My primary work is rooted in anxiety reduction/management and mindfulness training. With my extensive training in DBT, my competencies expand to Borderline Personality disorder, self-harm, and suicidal ideation.
My name is Jessica Davis and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I am extensively trained in DBT and CBT and experienced in working on anxiety reduction and building coping skills. I work with a range of individuals, couples, families, and children. I welcome all sexual and gender identities, making LGBTIAQ+ affirming space a priority in my diverse practice. My primary work is rooted in anxiety reduction/management and mindfulness training. With my extensive training in DBT, my competencies expand to Borderline Personality disorder, self-harm, and suicidal ideation.
(559) 238-0939 View (559) 238-0939
Photo of Sommer Harriman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sommer Harriman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hi, my name is Sommer Harriman LCSW 108254. I have learned that navigating through this life can feel challenging and overwhelming. My goal is to offer a space that is nonjudgemental and client-centered. I believe in giving individuals the tools to not only survive but thrive in their life and find a path toward their authentic selves. My passion lies in giving individuals the time to sit in their space and allow them to explore the dark parts that can sometimes feel too big to look at.
Hi, my name is Sommer Harriman LCSW 108254. I have learned that navigating through this life can feel challenging and overwhelming. My goal is to offer a space that is nonjudgemental and client-centered. I believe in giving individuals the tools to not only survive but thrive in their life and find a path toward their authentic selves. My passion lies in giving individuals the time to sit in their space and allow them to explore the dark parts that can sometimes feel too big to look at.
(805) 624-3695 View (805) 624-3695
Photo of Rebecca S. Chenier, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca S. Chenier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Have you ever wanted to feel a true sense of relief and mental freedom? Have you ever just needed a listening ear or shoulder to share the weight of life? Have you ever desired uplifting, empowerment and acceptance without judgement? Well...you have come to the right place and found the all encompassing clinician! My name is Rebecca S. Chenier, LCSW and I’m here to humbly serve all of your therapeutic needs.
Have you ever wanted to feel a true sense of relief and mental freedom? Have you ever just needed a listening ear or shoulder to share the weight of life? Have you ever desired uplifting, empowerment and acceptance without judgement? Well...you have come to the right place and found the all encompassing clinician! My name is Rebecca S. Chenier, LCSW and I’m here to humbly serve all of your therapeutic needs.
(909) 324-3352 View (909) 324-3352
Photo of Amarilyz Jose, MS, APCC
Amarilyz Jose
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, APCC
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
As an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, I greet with open arms to support you in your life journey. Like a hug when you need it most, it is my passion to collaborate in a safe, comfortable therapeutic environment to work through your challenges together. My role as a Counselor is to co-author your story to see what opportunities can be discovered through reflecting on your strengths, resources, values, and needs that are embedded in your growth.
As an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, I greet with open arms to support you in your life journey. Like a hug when you need it most, it is my passion to collaborate in a safe, comfortable therapeutic environment to work through your challenges together. My role as a Counselor is to co-author your story to see what opportunities can be discovered through reflecting on your strengths, resources, values, and needs that are embedded in your growth.
(909) 245-8586 View (909) 245-8586
Photo of Allegra Spalding, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allegra Spalding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
My name is Allegra Spalding, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, California providing telehealth services across the state. I work primarily with adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, and life-stage transitions, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy to help clients improve their emotional wellness. I am dedicated to empowering my clients, enhancing their self-awareness, and providing them with the tools to navigate life's complexities.
My name is Allegra Spalding, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, California providing telehealth services across the state. I work primarily with adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, and life-stage transitions, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy to help clients improve their emotional wellness. I am dedicated to empowering my clients, enhancing their self-awareness, and providing them with the tools to navigate life's complexities.
(209) 268-3057 View (209) 268-3057
Photo of Sheena Thompson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sheena Thompson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
As a parent, it's so hard to watch your teen or young adult struggle. You know they're capable of so much, yet they seem to be sidelined by lack of energy, confusion about who they are, and an inability to see a bright future for themselves. I enjoy working with teens and young adults who struggle with tackling life. I'm skilled with helping young adults and teens who feel “stuck” – they know they're capable of so much, but they just don’t know where to start in making the life of their dreams happen. I know how to work with young people so that they gain much needed direction and confidence to allow them to soar!
As a parent, it's so hard to watch your teen or young adult struggle. You know they're capable of so much, yet they seem to be sidelined by lack of energy, confusion about who they are, and an inability to see a bright future for themselves. I enjoy working with teens and young adults who struggle with tackling life. I'm skilled with helping young adults and teens who feel “stuck” – they know they're capable of so much, but they just don’t know where to start in making the life of their dreams happen. I know how to work with young people so that they gain much needed direction and confidence to allow them to soar!
(909) 474-7994 View (909) 474-7994
Photo of Rachel Pluard, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rachel Pluard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Working in a high-stress career field can lead to feelings of burnout, apathy, and symptoms of vicarious trauma. A high-stress environment often misleads a person into thinking, "I am okay, and I can handle more." These work environments and career fields can leave one feeling isolated and unable to share or relate to those in their inner circles outside of work. Finding the balance to work and outside life is key to the health of any staff in the field. Many are called to help others, but we need our self-care, also. I am a trauma-informed care specialist.
Working in a high-stress career field can lead to feelings of burnout, apathy, and symptoms of vicarious trauma. A high-stress environment often misleads a person into thinking, "I am okay, and I can handle more." These work environments and career fields can leave one feeling isolated and unable to share or relate to those in their inner circles outside of work. Finding the balance to work and outside life is key to the health of any staff in the field. Many are called to help others, but we need our self-care, also. I am a trauma-informed care specialist.
(626) 606-2450 View (626) 606-2450
Photo of Amber Trueblood, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amber Trueblood
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hello, I'm Amber Trueblood LMFT, MBA. My expertise is providing solution-based therapy to clients currently dealing with relationship challenges, parenting issues, anxiety, overwhelm, or emotional burnout. When I'm not working with clients, I'm writing books and articles, taking dance classes, reading, traveling, and raising my four sons. My core areas of expertise and experience in the last 12 years are relationships, parenting, educational concerns with children, motherhood, out schooling/homeschooling, parenting profoundly gifted children, and mom burnout.
Hello, I'm Amber Trueblood LMFT, MBA. My expertise is providing solution-based therapy to clients currently dealing with relationship challenges, parenting issues, anxiety, overwhelm, or emotional burnout. When I'm not working with clients, I'm writing books and articles, taking dance classes, reading, traveling, and raising my four sons. My core areas of expertise and experience in the last 12 years are relationships, parenting, educational concerns with children, motherhood, out schooling/homeschooling, parenting profoundly gifted children, and mom burnout.
(562) 418-5827 View (562) 418-5827
Photo of Eileen Roberts, LCP, Psychologist
Eileen Roberts
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hello, I'm Eileen Roberts and I am a doctoral-level licensed clinical psychologist (PSY21296. I believe in helping my clients see new options for old problems. We begin by getting a fresh perspective on what have you stuck. We tap into your present strengths and skills or perhaps work on learning some new ones. Together we look for solutions and small steps toward your goals. I believe in creating a safe, supportive place for my clients.
Hello, I'm Eileen Roberts and I am a doctoral-level licensed clinical psychologist (PSY21296. I believe in helping my clients see new options for old problems. We begin by getting a fresh perspective on what have you stuck. We tap into your present strengths and skills or perhaps work on learning some new ones. Together we look for solutions and small steps toward your goals. I believe in creating a safe, supportive place for my clients.
(619) 649-8568 View (619) 649-8568
Photo of Mindy Lee Richard, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindy Lee Richard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
My name is Mindy Richard and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I have 16 years of experience working with individuals and families in medical and educational settings. My focus is working with clients with emotional challenges such as Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, mood instability, and emotional distress related to coping with illness and injury. My goal is to help each client learn tools to increase their quality of life and decrease emotional distress.
My name is Mindy Richard and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I have 16 years of experience working with individuals and families in medical and educational settings. My focus is working with clients with emotional challenges such as Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, mood instability, and emotional distress related to coping with illness and injury. My goal is to help each client learn tools to increase their quality of life and decrease emotional distress.
(858) 648-4946 View (858) 648-4946
Photo of Jamie Powers, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamie Powers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
I have been treating adults, individuals, and couples for over ten years. I assist clients in discovering of their strengths, building a support system, and developing healthy lifestyles to set the foundation for life success. I help with all different types of issues, from communication, anger, and intimacy, to trauma, anxiety, depression, and substance use. My evidence-based approaches allow me to effectively address emotional and behavioral issues for clients from diverse backgrounds. I practice with all different types of therapy modalities, including EMDR, which is helpful for anxiety and trauma.
I have been treating adults, individuals, and couples for over ten years. I assist clients in discovering of their strengths, building a support system, and developing healthy lifestyles to set the foundation for life success. I help with all different types of issues, from communication, anger, and intimacy, to trauma, anxiety, depression, and substance use. My evidence-based approaches allow me to effectively address emotional and behavioral issues for clients from diverse backgrounds. I practice with all different types of therapy modalities, including EMDR, which is helpful for anxiety and trauma.
(408) 676-3461 View (408) 676-3461
Photo of Michael Stample, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Stample
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
Hello, I'm Michael F. Stample, PhD, Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I work extensively with individual adults, couples and families. My primary expertise is in mood and anxiety disorders, OCD, dual diagnosis, LGBTQ+ and transgender healthcare. I mostly work with adults over age 17 or 18, through the later years. While psychiatric diagnoses have their uses, I prefer to see my clients as dealing with "problems of living." I work comfortably with psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and other evidence-based therapies. My early training included internship at the Jung Institute of Los Angeles.
Hello, I'm Michael F. Stample, PhD, Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I work extensively with individual adults, couples and families. My primary expertise is in mood and anxiety disorders, OCD, dual diagnosis, LGBTQ+ and transgender healthcare. I mostly work with adults over age 17 or 18, through the later years. While psychiatric diagnoses have their uses, I prefer to see my clients as dealing with "problems of living." I work comfortably with psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and other evidence-based therapies. My early training included internship at the Jung Institute of Los Angeles.
(415) 639-5417 View (415) 639-5417
Photo of Mariko Ghanem, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mariko Ghanem
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA 92405
My name is Mariko Ghanem and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Associate Professional Clinical Counselor. I am naturally curious and love to learn which has led me to pursue certifications as a Domestic Violence Advocate, Emergency Medical Technician, and Dialectical Behavior Therapist. I truly care for all my clients and go above and beyond to help them find the answers they seek. I believe that there is more going right with a person than wrong. We work together to find and explore the strengths and supports that you already have as you work on the issues that brought you to therapy.
My name is Mariko Ghanem and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Associate Professional Clinical Counselor. I am naturally curious and love to learn which has led me to pursue certifications as a Domestic Violence Advocate, Emergency Medical Technician, and Dialectical Behavior Therapist. I truly care for all my clients and go above and beyond to help them find the answers they seek. I believe that there is more going right with a person than wrong. We work together to find and explore the strengths and supports that you already have as you work on the issues that brought you to therapy.
(805) 303-2376 View (805) 303-2376
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA

20+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
86% Depression
86% Coping Skills
81% Stress
76% Self Esteem
57% Grief
52% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% Managed Health Network (MHN)
89% Aetna
89% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Muscupiabe, San Bernardino, CA see their clients

96% In Person and Online
4% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Muscupiabe, San Bernardino?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.