Psychodynamic Therapists in San Anselmo, CA

Photo of Sandra Hirschfield, LMFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sandra Hirschfield
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I utilize therapeutic approaches such as mindfulness based Cognitive Behavioral, Brief or Psychodynamic modalities to identify irrational thought patterns and situational issues to elicit a healing process and improve overall well-being.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California with extensive experience over the past twenty years to provide comprehensive clinical support including assessment and therapeutic strategies to reduce symptoms related to environmental stress and mental health issues. Children, adolescents and adults who struggle with emotional regulation learn to develop coping strategies when experiencing distressing situations that impacts their quality of life.
I utilize therapeutic approaches such as mindfulness based Cognitive Behavioral, Brief or Psychodynamic modalities to identify irrational thought patterns and situational issues to elicit a healing process and improve overall well-being.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California with extensive experience over the past twenty years to provide comprehensive clinical support including assessment and therapeutic strategies to reduce symptoms related to environmental stress and mental health issues. Children, adolescents and adults who struggle with emotional regulation learn to develop coping strategies when experiencing distressing situations that impacts their quality of life.
(415) 534-4184 View (415) 534-4184
Photo of Jennifer Hase Rice, PhD, Psychologist
Jennifer Hase Rice
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
This may include cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, psychodynamic approaches, family systems, etc.
I currently work adults in individual therapy. My objective in psychotherapy is to help individuals make positive changes in their relationships and their lives. My initial meeting with you will include a thorough evaluation of your history and concerns in order to establish treatment goals.
This may include cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, psychodynamic approaches, family systems, etc.
I currently work adults in individual therapy. My objective in psychotherapy is to help individuals make positive changes in their relationships and their lives. My initial meeting with you will include a thorough evaluation of your history and concerns in order to establish treatment goals.
(415) 320-7162 View (415) 320-7162
Photo of Laila Ansari, PhD, Psychologist
Laila Ansari
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Anselmo, CA 94960  (Online Only)
I am trained in a wide range of therapeutic orientations, and employ an integrative approach in treatment, utilizing therapeutic tools and strategies from CBT, Psychodynamic, Humanistic and Mindfulness perspectives.
Did you grow up in an unstable household with challenging parents? Do you struggle with holding boundaries and saying no? Do you feel like you keep repeating negative patterns in relationships? I work with adults/couples who struggle with anxiety, trauma, family/partner relationship issues and consequences of childhood abuse and neglect. My specialty is in working with adult children of narcissistic/borderline parents and how early childhood experiences affect the individual’s adult relationships. Additionally, I help clients improve communication, build healthy relationships, set healthy boundaries and advocate for their needs.
I am trained in a wide range of therapeutic orientations, and employ an integrative approach in treatment, utilizing therapeutic tools and strategies from CBT, Psychodynamic, Humanistic and Mindfulness perspectives.
Did you grow up in an unstable household with challenging parents? Do you struggle with holding boundaries and saying no? Do you feel like you keep repeating negative patterns in relationships? I work with adults/couples who struggle with anxiety, trauma, family/partner relationship issues and consequences of childhood abuse and neglect. My specialty is in working with adult children of narcissistic/borderline parents and how early childhood experiences affect the individual’s adult relationships. Additionally, I help clients improve communication, build healthy relationships, set healthy boundaries and advocate for their needs.
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Photo of Michael Skrodzki, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Skrodzki
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I have had extensive training in psychodynamic-developmental, family systems, cognitive, Gestalt, somatic, and mindfulness oriented modalities of psychotherapy, and will apply insights and "tools of these trades" in our work together.
I believe human beings change and develop throughout their life span. In some 30 years of practicing psychotherapy I have come to view most emotional symptoms and all relationship crises as opportunities for re-engaging and supporting aspects of self development. I was educated in Germany and the US: my professional experience ranges from work in very traditional clinical settings to being a therapist and group facilitator for staff at the Esalen Institute.
I have had extensive training in psychodynamic-developmental, family systems, cognitive, Gestalt, somatic, and mindfulness oriented modalities of psychotherapy, and will apply insights and "tools of these trades" in our work together.
I believe human beings change and develop throughout their life span. In some 30 years of practicing psychotherapy I have come to view most emotional symptoms and all relationship crises as opportunities for re-engaging and supporting aspects of self development. I was educated in Germany and the US: my professional experience ranges from work in very traditional clinical settings to being a therapist and group facilitator for staff at the Esalen Institute.
(650) 262-3430 View (650) 262-3430
Photo of Walker Witte, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Walker Witte
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I take a trauma informed and culturally sensitive approach incorporating psychodynamic, humanistic, and transpersonal therapy.
Are you looking to change stubborn patterns or heal old wounds? Perhaps you would like to feel more connected with others and to yourself? However challenges show up in your life – maybe as depression, grief and loss, addictive patterns, anxiety, the impact of trauma, relationship struggles - there is always the potential for healing and growth waiting to be accessed. If the light in the tunnel seems dim or nonexistent, I’d like to offer you the torch that deep therapeutic inquiry has to offer.
I take a trauma informed and culturally sensitive approach incorporating psychodynamic, humanistic, and transpersonal therapy.
Are you looking to change stubborn patterns or heal old wounds? Perhaps you would like to feel more connected with others and to yourself? However challenges show up in your life – maybe as depression, grief and loss, addictive patterns, anxiety, the impact of trauma, relationship struggles - there is always the potential for healing and growth waiting to be accessed. If the light in the tunnel seems dim or nonexistent, I’d like to offer you the torch that deep therapeutic inquiry has to offer.
(628) 265-8134 View (628) 265-8134
Photo of Lori Richards, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lori Richards
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Anselmo, CA 94960
My practice is based in Depth Psychology, Psychodynamic methods, and Hakomi which is a mind-body somatic process.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself, from life, and from others? Panic, anxiety, depression, confusion, loss, overwhelm, numbness-- these can feel like powerful forces separating you from the vibrant and productive life you imagine is possible. I can help you navigate your path to emotional balance, cognitive clarity, joyful energy, and sense of purpose. Together, we can face the distress and restore your inner life in a way that brings you home to your Self.
My practice is based in Depth Psychology, Psychodynamic methods, and Hakomi which is a mind-body somatic process.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself, from life, and from others? Panic, anxiety, depression, confusion, loss, overwhelm, numbness-- these can feel like powerful forces separating you from the vibrant and productive life you imagine is possible. I can help you navigate your path to emotional balance, cognitive clarity, joyful energy, and sense of purpose. Together, we can face the distress and restore your inner life in a way that brings you home to your Self.
(310) 494-7135 View (310) 494-7135
Photo of Eileen C. Brown Jungian Therapist, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eileen C. Brown Jungian Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Anselmo, CA 94960
Adults: You are probably seeking therapy because something in your life is just not working. You might feel stuck, or that you are repeating familiar and unhealthy patterns in your close relationships, leading to frustration. I empathize with this frustration and work with you to more deeply understand yourself so that you can enact real and lasting change. My extensive psychodynamic and Jungian training support this type of work. Child Therapy: As a parent, you and your family may need extra support. I work with, and have extensive experience with children as young as 3, and throughout the teen and young adult years.
Adults: You are probably seeking therapy because something in your life is just not working. You might feel stuck, or that you are repeating familiar and unhealthy patterns in your close relationships, leading to frustration. I empathize with this frustration and work with you to more deeply understand yourself so that you can enact real and lasting change. My extensive psychodynamic and Jungian training support this type of work. Child Therapy: As a parent, you and your family may need extra support. I work with, and have extensive experience with children as young as 3, and throughout the teen and young adult years.
(510) 878-4322 View (510) 878-4322
Photo of Louise Franklin - Louise Franklin, MS, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Louise Franklin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
In my work, I emphasize kindness, acceptance and clarity, grounded in a psychodynamic, mindfulness and strength-based approach.
Are you seeking answers regarding next steps, are you struggling with old patterns or dealing with anxiety, depression, or an important life transition? Are you feeling stuck? I have worked with people facing life’s most difficult challenges including trauma and end of life. With my diverse background, I believe no challenge is too great or too unsolvable. Clients therefore feel safe to discuss their deepest concerns. We work together to resolve challenges, find healing and support and regain confidence to find the positive path forward.
In my work, I emphasize kindness, acceptance and clarity, grounded in a psychodynamic, mindfulness and strength-based approach.
Are you seeking answers regarding next steps, are you struggling with old patterns or dealing with anxiety, depression, or an important life transition? Are you feeling stuck? I have worked with people facing life’s most difficult challenges including trauma and end of life. With my diverse background, I believe no challenge is too great or too unsolvable. Clients therefore feel safe to discuss their deepest concerns. We work together to resolve challenges, find healing and support and regain confidence to find the positive path forward.
(415) 630-5259 View (415) 630-5259
Photo of Jennifer W Cortright, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer W Cortright
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
My training is based in a combination of psychodynamic and experiential psychotherapy. My emphasis is to facilitate a therapeutic relationship where vulnerable feelings can be safely expressed. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, addiction... can be seen as invitations from the psyche to explore our internal world with understanding and compassion. Psychotherapy provides a safe place for this internal exploration within a caring relationship of respect.
My training is based in a combination of psychodynamic and experiential psychotherapy. My emphasis is to facilitate a therapeutic relationship where vulnerable feelings can be safely expressed. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, addiction... can be seen as invitations from the psyche to explore our internal world with understanding and compassion. Psychotherapy provides a safe place for this internal exploration within a caring relationship of respect.
(415) 800-4990 View (415) 800-4990
Photo of Pauline Jarakian, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pauline Jarakian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I employ Psychodynamic (past) and Cognitive Behavioral (present) as well as Attachment theory to look at factors that are maintaining current problems and collaborate together to establish therapy goals.
I am a longstanding Marriage Family and Child psychotherapist with extensive experience working with all traumas, depression, anxiety, attachment and relationship difficulties. I'm committed to being a culturally competent therapist, my practice is diverse and includes individuals, families, adults, adolescents, children and couples of all ages, races, genders and sexual orientations. I specialize in working with postpartum depression and infant parent therapy with mothers and babies. I supervise for MFT interns at USF's Family and Child Center and am an Adjunct Professor in USF's Graduate School of Counseling Psychology.
I employ Psychodynamic (past) and Cognitive Behavioral (present) as well as Attachment theory to look at factors that are maintaining current problems and collaborate together to establish therapy goals.
I am a longstanding Marriage Family and Child psychotherapist with extensive experience working with all traumas, depression, anxiety, attachment and relationship difficulties. I'm committed to being a culturally competent therapist, my practice is diverse and includes individuals, families, adults, adolescents, children and couples of all ages, races, genders and sexual orientations. I specialize in working with postpartum depression and infant parent therapy with mothers and babies. I supervise for MFT interns at USF's Family and Child Center and am an Adjunct Professor in USF's Graduate School of Counseling Psychology.
(415) 418-7476 View (415) 418-7476
Photo of Lawrence M Tunis - Dr. Lawrence. M. Tunis, Ed.D, LMFT, EdD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Lawrence. M. Tunis, Ed.D, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I'M A LICENSED MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPIST in private practice in Fairfield and San Anselmo, CA where I work with adults, couples and children for self-esteem problems, anger, depression, grief, anxiety, impulsivity and PTSD symptoms. I also have a specialty in gender identity issues and the dysphoric feelings, grief and loss, relationship difficulties and other issues that often accompany these conditions. My style blends real life experience, knowledge, humor and compassion. My approach includes relational, psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral styles, offering a flexible, responsive, non-authoritarian and empathetic quality.
I'M A LICENSED MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPIST in private practice in Fairfield and San Anselmo, CA where I work with adults, couples and children for self-esteem problems, anger, depression, grief, anxiety, impulsivity and PTSD symptoms. I also have a specialty in gender identity issues and the dysphoric feelings, grief and loss, relationship difficulties and other issues that often accompany these conditions. My style blends real life experience, knowledge, humor and compassion. My approach includes relational, psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral styles, offering a flexible, responsive, non-authoritarian and empathetic quality.
(415) 799-9707 View (415) 799-9707
Photo of Paige Pires De Almeida, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Paige Pires De Almeida
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
In addition to providing psychodynamic treatment and effective cognitive behavioral approaches for anxiety and depression symptoms, I have specialty training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), an empirically validated method for trauma.
Welcome to my practice. Trained at the The Wright Institute in Berkeley, my approach emphasizes compassion, collaboration, and evidence-based treatment. Good psychotherapy encourages perspective on life's challenges, and can open up new possibilities.
In addition to providing psychodynamic treatment and effective cognitive behavioral approaches for anxiety and depression symptoms, I have specialty training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), an empirically validated method for trauma.
Welcome to my practice. Trained at the The Wright Institute in Berkeley, my approach emphasizes compassion, collaboration, and evidence-based treatment. Good psychotherapy encourages perspective on life's challenges, and can open up new possibilities.
(888) 369-0670 View (888) 369-0670
Photo of William J. Hanna, PsyD, MA, Psychologist
William J. Hanna
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I conceptualize using psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory, however I am integrative with how I intervene- mostly, I take a humanistic psychology approach to psychotherapy.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, a certified relapse prevention specialist, and a registered art therapist. I provide individual therapy for adults and adolescents in Marin County and Sonoma County . I help my clients' to learn how to set clear limits with others and how to create healthy boundaries for oneself; as well as to learn what your own personal boundaries look like. I assist people in discovering how to lead meaningful and authentic lives; and to become self-actualized. I guide my clients in refocusing on what makes him or her most human: creativity, agency, free will, intentionality, self-determination, imagination, and values.
I conceptualize using psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory, however I am integrative with how I intervene- mostly, I take a humanistic psychology approach to psychotherapy.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, a certified relapse prevention specialist, and a registered art therapist. I provide individual therapy for adults and adolescents in Marin County and Sonoma County . I help my clients' to learn how to set clear limits with others and how to create healthy boundaries for oneself; as well as to learn what your own personal boundaries look like. I assist people in discovering how to lead meaningful and authentic lives; and to become self-actualized. I guide my clients in refocusing on what makes him or her most human: creativity, agency, free will, intentionality, self-determination, imagination, and values.
(415) 712-2508 View (415) 712-2508
Photo of Dr. Jessica (Jesse) Aldrich Strassman, LCSW, DSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Jessica (Jesse) Aldrich Strassman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DSW
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I draw from several therapies including CBT, mindfulness therapy, psychodynamic therapy, family systems, for adolescents through young adults.
Are you concerned or confused by your child, teen or young adult's behavior? Are you worried that your child is under stress? Do you feel like you are not a good parent for your child? It is very difficult to parent a child who is struggling with challenging feelings and behaviors. I provide therapeutic support to kids who struggle with ADHD, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, adoption issues, learning disabilities, behavioral challenges, academic or social issues, or major life changes. I offer support for parents.
I draw from several therapies including CBT, mindfulness therapy, psychodynamic therapy, family systems, for adolescents through young adults.
Are you concerned or confused by your child, teen or young adult's behavior? Are you worried that your child is under stress? Do you feel like you are not a good parent for your child? It is very difficult to parent a child who is struggling with challenging feelings and behaviors. I provide therapeutic support to kids who struggle with ADHD, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, adoption issues, learning disabilities, behavioral challenges, academic or social issues, or major life changes. I offer support for parents.
(415) 360-1273 View (415) 360-1273
Photo of Irma Rivera-Carlisle, MDiv, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Irma Rivera-Carlisle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
Specializing in narcissism, depression, codependency, disordered eating, parent-adolescent conflict, foster care, and religion, I utilize an integrated theoretical approach; Attachment and Brain development, Family Systems, CBT and Psychodynamic.
Stress and worry can take its toll on our minds and bodies. If you experience high levels of these, or feel empty at the end of the day, I will provide a safe and caring environment with which to explore the causal factors. I enjoy working with codependency, Self-development, life transitions, and relational dynamics.
Specializing in narcissism, depression, codependency, disordered eating, parent-adolescent conflict, foster care, and religion, I utilize an integrated theoretical approach; Attachment and Brain development, Family Systems, CBT and Psychodynamic.
Stress and worry can take its toll on our minds and bodies. If you experience high levels of these, or feel empty at the end of the day, I will provide a safe and caring environment with which to explore the causal factors. I enjoy working with codependency, Self-development, life transitions, and relational dynamics.
(415) 851-3114 View (415) 851-3114
Photo of Eamonn McKay, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eamonn McKay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960  (Online Only)
I approach therapy from an integrative standpoint, using evidence-based therapy modalities that best suit the individuals, couples, or groups with whom I am working. I find the exploratory techniques espoused in Psychodynamic models to be core to and underpinning a great deal of my practice. Psychodynamic work, for me, provides a solid foundation of knowledge on which to base my understanding of my client, and it is the basis from which I tailor subsequent interventions, including the use of alternate models.
I approach therapy from an integrative standpoint, using evidence-based therapy modalities that best suit the individuals, couples, or groups with whom I am working. I find the exploratory techniques espoused in Psychodynamic models to be core to and underpinning a great deal of my practice. Psychodynamic work, for me, provides a solid foundation of knowledge on which to base my understanding of my client, and it is the basis from which I tailor subsequent interventions, including the use of alternate models.
(415) 942-6584 View (415) 942-6584
Photo of Daniel Cha, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Daniel Cha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960  (Online Only)
My goal is to create a safe, warm, open (and sometimes humorous) environment where relational support through challenging times will be provided. While drawn toward Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), I have piqued interests with integrating Mindfulness/Positive Psychology tenets along with discovering psychodynamic processes.
My goal is to create a safe, warm, open (and sometimes humorous) environment where relational support through challenging times will be provided. While drawn toward Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), I have piqued interests with integrating Mindfulness/Positive Psychology tenets along with discovering psychodynamic processes.
(310) 439-5419 View (310) 439-5419
Photo of Dylan Morris, PsyD, Psychologist
Dylan Morris
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who was born and raised in the Bay Area. My clinical training has focused on treating children, families, and adults, addressing emotional and behavioral challenges including complex trauma, anxiety, depression, family disruption, and behavioral dysregulation.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who was born and raised in the Bay Area. My clinical training has focused on treating children, families, and adults, addressing emotional and behavioral challenges including complex trauma, anxiety, depression, family disruption, and behavioral dysregulation.
(415) 569-1674 View (415) 569-1674
Photo of Dr. Giselle Levin, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Giselle Levin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960  (Online Only)
Hi! I’m Giselle (they/she/he). I’m a clinical psychologist specializing in trans/queer mental health (including gender-affirming hormone and surgery letters) and sex therapy for folks across the lifespan (children, adolescents, and adults). Throughout my career, I’ve oriented my work toward serving trans and queer community. I completed a postdoc in LGBT mental health and worked as a gender specialist at the San Francisco VA and at Kaiser Permanente. I currently am a gender specialist for UCSF's Child and Adolescent Gender Clinic.
Hi! I’m Giselle (they/she/he). I’m a clinical psychologist specializing in trans/queer mental health (including gender-affirming hormone and surgery letters) and sex therapy for folks across the lifespan (children, adolescents, and adults). Throughout my career, I’ve oriented my work toward serving trans and queer community. I completed a postdoc in LGBT mental health and worked as a gender specialist at the San Francisco VA and at Kaiser Permanente. I currently am a gender specialist for UCSF's Child and Adolescent Gender Clinic.
(415) 914-9820 View (415) 914-9820
Photo of Stephanie Morris, PhD, Psychologist
Stephanie Morris
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Anselmo, CA 94960
I have been in practice as a licensed psychologist for the past 28 years in Marin County where I was also born and have raised my two boys. My approach is integrative as it considers all relevant biological, psychological and environmental influences on a person’s well-being and areas of distress. Therapy sessions leave ample space for attachment-based processing of one's inner struggles and vulnerabilities as they naturally arise in the midst of a caring therapeutic relationship. They also include collaborative, practical, and hands-on problem solving as well as exploration of CBT strategies appropriate to the developmental age.
I have been in practice as a licensed psychologist for the past 28 years in Marin County where I was also born and have raised my two boys. My approach is integrative as it considers all relevant biological, psychological and environmental influences on a person’s well-being and areas of distress. Therapy sessions leave ample space for attachment-based processing of one's inner struggles and vulnerabilities as they naturally arise in the midst of a caring therapeutic relationship. They also include collaborative, practical, and hands-on problem solving as well as exploration of CBT strategies appropriate to the developmental age.
(415) 985-6538 View (415) 985-6538
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Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.