Depression Therapists in Rialto, CA

Photo of Erica Martin, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erica Martin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I possess 15 years of experience in the mental health field, providing services to adolescents and adults with varying degrees of mental health challenges, including but not limited to depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, complex trauma, drug and alcohol addiction, grief, and co-occurring disorders.
I am a passionately driven Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with extensive experience providing psychotherapy and mental health services in both in-patient and out-patient settings. I take pride in my ability to adapt to different situations, which has allowed me to adjust to the needs of my clients and respect where they are in their journey. I have been trained in various evidence-based practices, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma-focused therapy, and seeking safety.
I possess 15 years of experience in the mental health field, providing services to adolescents and adults with varying degrees of mental health challenges, including but not limited to depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, complex trauma, drug and alcohol addiction, grief, and co-occurring disorders.
I am a passionately driven Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with extensive experience providing psychotherapy and mental health services in both in-patient and out-patient settings. I take pride in my ability to adapt to different situations, which has allowed me to adjust to the needs of my clients and respect where they are in their journey. I have been trained in various evidence-based practices, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma-focused therapy, and seeking safety.
(951) 319-2626 View (951) 319-2626
Photo of Pheleene Martinez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pheleene Martinez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92377  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Currently accepting new patients for telehealth. It is my goal to help people feeling anxious, sad, having difficulties with fertility or suffering with depression and more. I want to help you find your strength in order to relieve your symptoms. I have a passion to help families and individuals communicate their needs and increase positive communication within couples. If you need support in understanding your current symptoms, please know that I am here to help you. Please feel free to call or email for additional support.
Currently accepting new patients for telehealth. It is my goal to help people feeling anxious, sad, having difficulties with fertility or suffering with depression and more. I want to help you find your strength in order to relieve your symptoms. I have a passion to help families and individuals communicate their needs and increase positive communication within couples. If you need support in understanding your current symptoms, please know that I am here to help you. Please feel free to call or email for additional support.
(951) 904-3524 View (951) 904-3524
Photo of Nana Bamfo - Kesewa Safe Haven, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kesewa Safe Haven
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rialto, CA 92376
Our therapist has expertise in the areas of: depression, anxiety behavioral Issues, relationships problems, parenting skills,grief & loss family Issues, interpersonal skill stress coping skill to make informed decisions for their life role of choice.
Life can be very stressful and challenging, however, Kesewa Safe Haven is place where we get to know our client's, understand, motivate and reassuring them that there is always light at the end of the tunnel. We provide the right coping skills and help our clients towards self-reliance. Our goal is to be supportive to those who are in need, and to those who are unable to communicate their feelings. A successful therapist requires a constant need to learn and develop self, to support and care for others and give the best guidance possible to clients facing tough choices in situations and to provide a safe place.
Our therapist has expertise in the areas of: depression, anxiety behavioral Issues, relationships problems, parenting skills,grief & loss family Issues, interpersonal skill stress coping skill to make informed decisions for their life role of choice.
Life can be very stressful and challenging, however, Kesewa Safe Haven is place where we get to know our client's, understand, motivate and reassuring them that there is always light at the end of the tunnel. We provide the right coping skills and help our clients towards self-reliance. Our goal is to be supportive to those who are in need, and to those who are unable to communicate their feelings. A successful therapist requires a constant need to learn and develop self, to support and care for others and give the best guidance possible to clients facing tough choices in situations and to provide a safe place.
(909) 402-2196 View (909) 402-2196
Photo of Isabel Gonzalez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Isabel Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Greetings! My name is Isabel Gonzalez, and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. I am licensed in California with 9 years of experience working as a marriage and family therapist. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, such as substance abuse, depression, anxiety, trauma (sexual, emotional, and physical abuse), anger issues, ADHD, grief and loss, parent/ child relationship problems, sibling relationship problems, relationship problems, and crisis problems.
Greetings! My name is Isabel Gonzalez, and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. I am licensed in California with 9 years of experience working as a marriage and family therapist. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, such as substance abuse, depression, anxiety, trauma (sexual, emotional, and physical abuse), anger issues, ADHD, grief and loss, parent/ child relationship problems, sibling relationship problems, relationship problems, and crisis problems.
(909) 253-7242 View (909) 253-7242
Photo of Hannah Gleim, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hannah Gleim
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
My name is Hannah Gleim and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). I work with children, adolescents, and adults. My work focuses on helping individuals who are experiencing a variety of symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, loneliness, and stress. My approach to therapy differs for each person and is tailored to fit your individual needs. I use a variety of treatment approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, and Strength Based Therapy.
My name is Hannah Gleim and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). I work with children, adolescents, and adults. My work focuses on helping individuals who are experiencing a variety of symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, loneliness, and stress. My approach to therapy differs for each person and is tailored to fit your individual needs. I use a variety of treatment approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, and Strength Based Therapy.
(909) 244-3726 View (909) 244-3726
Photo of Nahtanha Marler, LCPC, Counselor
Nahtanha Marler
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Hello, I’m Nahtanha, I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who is passionate about offering therapy that is inclusive to all. I have 3 years of experience working with a very diverse population. My clients come from a wide range of social-cultural backgrounds. I have worked with individuals and couples in dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, body image issues, grief, low self-esteem, and life transition. I have a strength-based and person-centered approach. I work in collaborative ways that keep the client’s priorities and goals the main focus during their path to recovery.
Hello, I’m Nahtanha, I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who is passionate about offering therapy that is inclusive to all. I have 3 years of experience working with a very diverse population. My clients come from a wide range of social-cultural backgrounds. I have worked with individuals and couples in dealing with depression, anxiety, trauma, body image issues, grief, low self-esteem, and life transition. I have a strength-based and person-centered approach. I work in collaborative ways that keep the client’s priorities and goals the main focus during their path to recovery.
(909) 612-9860 View (909) 612-9860
Photo of Dulce Reyes, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dulce Reyes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Hi there, I'm Dulce Reyes, a Marriage & Family Therapist. I'm a bilingual therapist (English and Spanish) who has helped people with anxiety, depression, self esteem, bipolar disorder, borderline personality, relationship issues, life transitions, substance use, trauma, PTSD, and more. I use techniques from cognitive behavioral (CBT), dialectical behavioral (DBT), mindfulness-based, attachment-based, client centered, EMDR, and motivational interviewing modalities. Together, we will construct new, healthier, and more empowered narratives to find your inner voice, rewrite your story, heal, and discover your worth and value.
Hi there, I'm Dulce Reyes, a Marriage & Family Therapist. I'm a bilingual therapist (English and Spanish) who has helped people with anxiety, depression, self esteem, bipolar disorder, borderline personality, relationship issues, life transitions, substance use, trauma, PTSD, and more. I use techniques from cognitive behavioral (CBT), dialectical behavioral (DBT), mindfulness-based, attachment-based, client centered, EMDR, and motivational interviewing modalities. Together, we will construct new, healthier, and more empowered narratives to find your inner voice, rewrite your story, heal, and discover your worth and value.
(909) 310-1345 View (909) 310-1345
Photo of Jesus Leyva, PhD, Psychologist
Jesus Leyva
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376  (Online Only)
Leyva served multicultural clients presenting with a variety of concerns, including ADHD, depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, addiction, stress, and relational issues.
Dr. Jesus Leyva is a clinical psychologist who is licensed in the state of California. Dr. Leyva provides psychological testing and psychotherapy services via Telehealth.
Leyva served multicultural clients presenting with a variety of concerns, including ADHD, depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, addiction, stress, and relational issues.
Dr. Jesus Leyva is a clinical psychologist who is licensed in the state of California. Dr. Leyva provides psychological testing and psychotherapy services via Telehealth.
(951) 944-2136 View (951) 944-2136
Photo of Linda Flores, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Linda Flores
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Hi, I'm Linda Flores and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm here to provide you with a judgement free zone in which you can reflect on how you want to live your life. I typically support young adults and adolescents who are struggling with depression, anxiety, family conflict, generational differences, or life dissatisfaction related to work or relationships. You can always expect me to be calm, friendly, flexible, and most of all empathic. I understand that it takes time to trust someone and that opening up about your thoughts and feelings may not come naturally, so I will meet you at your pace.
Hi, I'm Linda Flores and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm here to provide you with a judgement free zone in which you can reflect on how you want to live your life. I typically support young adults and adolescents who are struggling with depression, anxiety, family conflict, generational differences, or life dissatisfaction related to work or relationships. You can always expect me to be calm, friendly, flexible, and most of all empathic. I understand that it takes time to trust someone and that opening up about your thoughts and feelings may not come naturally, so I will meet you at your pace.
(909) 589-6784 View (909) 589-6784
Photo of Yitong Li, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Yitong Li
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I am Yitong (Ashley) Li, a bilingual (Mandarin and English) LCSW. I am experienced in treating a range of issues including depression, anxiety, panic attack, stress management, grief, parenting, and family relationship issues. My focus areas of practice are adolescents and adults who struggle with emotional distress, families, and immigrants who experience challenges in adjusting and integrating into new culture.
I am Yitong (Ashley) Li, a bilingual (Mandarin and English) LCSW. I am experienced in treating a range of issues including depression, anxiety, panic attack, stress management, grief, parenting, and family relationship issues. My focus areas of practice are adolescents and adults who struggle with emotional distress, families, and immigrants who experience challenges in adjusting and integrating into new culture.
(909) 344-3804 View (909) 344-3804
Photo of Heidi Khalil, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heidi Khalil
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I am licensed in California with 20 years of professional work experience. I have experience helping clients with stress, anxiety, trauma, abuse, and parenting issues. I also have experience working with clients coping with life changes. I worked with children and their families for nine years, but I prefer to utilize play therapy, so the platform is not conducive to that. I have also worked with adolescents and adults and feel competent in treating them. Utilizing EMDR has been very effective with trauma, anxiety, and depression.
I am licensed in California with 20 years of professional work experience. I have experience helping clients with stress, anxiety, trauma, abuse, and parenting issues. I also have experience working with clients coping with life changes. I worked with children and their families for nine years, but I prefer to utilize play therapy, so the platform is not conducive to that. I have also worked with adolescents and adults and feel competent in treating them. Utilizing EMDR has been very effective with trauma, anxiety, and depression.
(909) 655-5233 View (909) 655-5233
Photo of Michael Villanueva, CP, Psychologist
Michael Villanueva
Psychologist, CP
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
While there is no typical client with whom I work, my most satisfied clients share commonalities: First, despite their levels of depression or anxiety, they felt they could be better.
My name is Michael Villanueva, and I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist in California. I have worked as a professor at a university, providing research and clinical services on remote tribal lands, served as a combat clinical psychologist in Afghanistan, and implemented research with computational neuroscientists at UC San Diego on the effects of psychedelics on the human brain. I provide individual talk psychotherapy (including telehealth) and Neurotherapy in my office. I record and analyze my clients’ EEG (i.e., brainwaves), which provides me with a personalized approach to neurofeedback training to address my clients’ symptoms
While there is no typical client with whom I work, my most satisfied clients share commonalities: First, despite their levels of depression or anxiety, they felt they could be better.
My name is Michael Villanueva, and I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist in California. I have worked as a professor at a university, providing research and clinical services on remote tribal lands, served as a combat clinical psychologist in Afghanistan, and implemented research with computational neuroscientists at UC San Diego on the effects of psychedelics on the human brain. I provide individual talk psychotherapy (including telehealth) and Neurotherapy in my office. I record and analyze my clients’ EEG (i.e., brainwaves), which provides me with a personalized approach to neurofeedback training to address my clients’ symptoms
(831) 480-7075 View (831) 480-7075
Photo of Patricia Miller, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Patricia Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Patricia Miller Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My approach to therapy is seeing the Whole person I like to get to know my clients as themselves first and then I learn about the traumas and past experiences. This allows us to build a solid therapeutic rapport and promotes long lasting healing in the long run. My areas of focus are: depression, anxiety, life transition, trauma and addiction.
Hi! My name is Patricia Miller Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My approach to therapy is seeing the Whole person I like to get to know my clients as themselves first and then I learn about the traumas and past experiences. This allows us to build a solid therapeutic rapport and promotes long lasting healing in the long run. My areas of focus are: depression, anxiety, life transition, trauma and addiction.
(562) 521-1125 View (562) 521-1125
Photo of Renee Marriott, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Renee Marriott
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Every hardship or life event shapes us to be who we are but does not define us. My passion is to learn about people and where they are in their current life journey. I hope to help empower them to overcome their present hardships. I specialize in working with the LGBTQA+ community, families, children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with relationship conflict, anxiety, depression, and bipolar mania/ depression. I combine holistic, client-centered, and evidence-based interventions to assist with their concerns best.
Every hardship or life event shapes us to be who we are but does not define us. My passion is to learn about people and where they are in their current life journey. I hope to help empower them to overcome their present hardships. I specialize in working with the LGBTQA+ community, families, children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with relationship conflict, anxiety, depression, and bipolar mania/ depression. I combine holistic, client-centered, and evidence-based interventions to assist with their concerns best.
(657) 317-7470 View (657) 317-7470
Photo of James Strawn, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
James Strawn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
Hello and Welcome. I am James Strawn and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with close to 25 years of clinical experience. I approach therapy from a holistic perspective taking into consideration the whole person within the context of their mental health needs. My focus areas of practice are anxiety, depression, early stages of dementia and memory impairment, sexual orientation, mens issues, grief and loss therapy, relationship problems, and life transition related issues
Hello and Welcome. I am James Strawn and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with close to 25 years of clinical experience. I approach therapy from a holistic perspective taking into consideration the whole person within the context of their mental health needs. My focus areas of practice are anxiety, depression, early stages of dementia and memory impairment, sexual orientation, mens issues, grief and loss therapy, relationship problems, and life transition related issues
(562) 203-0329 View (562) 203-0329
Photo of Douglas Livingston Quinn, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Douglas Livingston Quinn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
My name is Douglas Livingston-Quinn, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California. I have masters degrees in divinity and counseling psychology, as well as a doctorate in clinical psychology. I have great insight and comfort working with adults and young adults, and an extensive background working with clients with ADD/ADHD, anxiety disorders, autistic-spectrum disorders, depression, loss and grief, sexual abuse, and trauma/PTSD. I employ a mix of approaches including interpersonal, client-centered, behavioral, cognitive, solution-focused and motivational modalities, as well as elements of EMDR where it seems useful.
My name is Douglas Livingston-Quinn, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California. I have masters degrees in divinity and counseling psychology, as well as a doctorate in clinical psychology. I have great insight and comfort working with adults and young adults, and an extensive background working with clients with ADD/ADHD, anxiety disorders, autistic-spectrum disorders, depression, loss and grief, sexual abuse, and trauma/PTSD. I employ a mix of approaches including interpersonal, client-centered, behavioral, cognitive, solution-focused and motivational modalities, as well as elements of EMDR where it seems useful.
(909) 442-0515 View (909) 442-0515
Photo of Margaret Hank, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margaret Hank
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I have experience in assisting clients with stress management, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem, depression, family conflict, mood disorders, and coping with life changes.
I am Maggie Hank a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I earned my Master of Social Work degree from the University of Hawaii Manoa and my Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology with a minor in Counseling and Social Change from San Diego State University. In my practice I strive to operate from a strength based and solution focused framework. I act as a guide and sounding board to help process any life events you may currently be experiencing and assist you in developing appropriate tools to move forward.
I have experience in assisting clients with stress management, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem, depression, family conflict, mood disorders, and coping with life changes.
I am Maggie Hank a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I earned my Master of Social Work degree from the University of Hawaii Manoa and my Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology with a minor in Counseling and Social Change from San Diego State University. In my practice I strive to operate from a strength based and solution focused framework. I act as a guide and sounding board to help process any life events you may currently be experiencing and assist you in developing appropriate tools to move forward.
(626) 507-3159 View (626) 507-3159
Photo of Kelly Brainard, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kelly Brainard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I am comfortable working with clients who may be struggling with anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress disorder, depression, and stress.
My name is Kelly Brainard, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, stress, and mood disorders. I work with clients from a Cognitive behavioral and Humanistic approach to assist my clients in resolving current life challenges. My approach to therapy is specific to each individual. I frequently use Cognitive behavioral, humanistic, and psychodynamic therapy. These therapeutic approaches help me collaborate with my clients to reach their therapeutic goals.
I am comfortable working with clients who may be struggling with anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress disorder, depression, and stress.
My name is Kelly Brainard, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, stress, and mood disorders. I work with clients from a Cognitive behavioral and Humanistic approach to assist my clients in resolving current life challenges. My approach to therapy is specific to each individual. I frequently use Cognitive behavioral, humanistic, and psychodynamic therapy. These therapeutic approaches help me collaborate with my clients to reach their therapeutic goals.
(805) 973-9384 View (805) 973-9384
Photo of Christian Rodriguez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christian Rodriguez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rialto, CA 92376
I typically work with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, phase of life issues, difficulties in decision-making, mood disorders, and bereavement. I also enjoy working with clients who are seeking self-actualization or perhaps want a space to process their feelings and fine-tune their mental health.
I typically work with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, phase of life issues, difficulties in decision-making, mood disorders, and bereavement. I also enjoy working with clients who are seeking self-actualization or perhaps want a space to process their feelings and fine-tune their mental health.
(916) 659-8424 View (916) 659-8424
Photo of Marco Arroyo Jr, MS, AMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Marco Arroyo Jr
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rialto, CA 92377
I offer EMDR Therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, and trauma.
Hi there, I’m Marco, a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist. I want to help clients with anxiety, depression, marital/pre-marital relationships, and more issues. I seek to create a nonjudgmental and safe environment for individuals and couples to feel heard and understood. I use a variety of approaches depending on my client's needs during sessions. I will guide you on your journey and help you reach your goals. I am dedicated to helping you better understand yourself and promote positive change.
I offer EMDR Therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, and trauma.
Hi there, I’m Marco, a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist. I want to help clients with anxiety, depression, marital/pre-marital relationships, and more issues. I seek to create a nonjudgmental and safe environment for individuals and couples to feel heard and understood. I use a variety of approaches depending on my client's needs during sessions. I will guide you on your journey and help you reach your goals. I am dedicated to helping you better understand yourself and promote positive change.
(909) 296-4143 View (909) 296-4143
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Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.