Life Coaching Therapists in Porter Ranch, CA

Photo of Angela Lovesmith, CPC, CRC
Angela Lovesmith
CPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
If today is the day you decide "excuses only sound good to those who make them", and you just can't make them anymore; then today is the day to make big changes and I am here to help you! As a Certified Professional Life Coach, I work with clients who will dig deep and work through the underlining issues that have held them back. We will explore possibilities clearing any obstacles you may struggle with changing your "Impossible" to "Possible". I am experienced, thoughtful, patient and insightful. I can help you overcome your challenges keeping you focused and motivated.
If today is the day you decide "excuses only sound good to those who make them", and you just can't make them anymore; then today is the day to make big changes and I am here to help you! As a Certified Professional Life Coach, I work with clients who will dig deep and work through the underlining issues that have held them back. We will explore possibilities clearing any obstacles you may struggle with changing your "Impossible" to "Possible". I am experienced, thoughtful, patient and insightful. I can help you overcome your challenges keeping you focused and motivated.
(818) 514-7705 View (818) 514-7705
Photo of Ani M Varbedian, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ani M Varbedian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Therapy has the potential to be transformative, empowering you to navigate life's challenges with newfound strength & resilience.
Do you struggle with persistent anxiety or self-doubt that affects your ability to enjoy daily life and maintain meaningful relationships? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of parenting, juggling work responsibilities, or navigating challenging relationships? Are you exhausted by the pressure to live up to unrealistic standards, whether they're set by others or by yourself? Do you wonder if life could feel less chaotic and more fulfilling, but find yourself unsure of where to begin? Now more than ever, people are grappling with these challenges and feeling uncertain about finding peace and balance in their lives.
Therapy has the potential to be transformative, empowering you to navigate life's challenges with newfound strength & resilience.
Do you struggle with persistent anxiety or self-doubt that affects your ability to enjoy daily life and maintain meaningful relationships? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of parenting, juggling work responsibilities, or navigating challenging relationships? Are you exhausted by the pressure to live up to unrealistic standards, whether they're set by others or by yourself? Do you wonder if life could feel less chaotic and more fulfilling, but find yourself unsure of where to begin? Now more than ever, people are grappling with these challenges and feeling uncertain about finding peace and balance in their lives.
(818) 805-0415 View (818) 805-0415
Photo of Allen Wagner, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Allen Wagner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
As adults many of us come to realize that once the responsibilities and expectations from work, life and family have been fulfilled, we have little time to give to improving our relationships and ourselves.
Whether communication and intimacy issues are ever present and affect you as a couple or individual emotional struggles lead to repetitive patterns that sabotage and damage in day to day interactions, a realization must be made that it does not have to be this way. While habits are tough to break, it is definitely possible to change ourselves, our thinking and thus change the relationships around us. In therapy, couples and individuals gain new perspectives and learn more effective ways of correcting the interactions and patterns that lead to us to frustration, hurt, and misunderstandings.
As adults many of us come to realize that once the responsibilities and expectations from work, life and family have been fulfilled, we have little time to give to improving our relationships and ourselves.
Whether communication and intimacy issues are ever present and affect you as a couple or individual emotional struggles lead to repetitive patterns that sabotage and damage in day to day interactions, a realization must be made that it does not have to be this way. While habits are tough to break, it is definitely possible to change ourselves, our thinking and thus change the relationships around us. In therapy, couples and individuals gain new perspectives and learn more effective ways of correcting the interactions and patterns that lead to us to frustration, hurt, and misunderstandings.
(747) 318-4832 View (747) 318-4832
Photo of Selina Marie Galvan, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Selina Marie Galvan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
In choosing a career, I always wanted to do something in life where I knew I was giving back and making a positive influence in the world.
I am a California Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My expertise is working with children, adolescents, adults and families. My focus as a therapist is to empower my clients to feel in control of their lives and have self-confidence to make positive life changes. I work collaboratively with my clients in creating goals and helping guide them with kindness and compassion. Working with families my goal is to improve communication and foster healthy relationships within the family system.
In choosing a career, I always wanted to do something in life where I knew I was giving back and making a positive influence in the world.
I am a California Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My expertise is working with children, adolescents, adults and families. My focus as a therapist is to empower my clients to feel in control of their lives and have self-confidence to make positive life changes. I work collaboratively with my clients in creating goals and helping guide them with kindness and compassion. Working with families my goal is to improve communication and foster healthy relationships within the family system.
(818) 388-7157 View (818) 388-7157
Photo of Selin Fidantek, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Selin Fidantek
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Whether you would like assistance in facing life challenges, focusing on personal growth, or gaining a healthy self-esteem, I will provide you with the necessary tools to meet your goals.
I authored the book, "Attachment-Based Strategies to Improve Self-Esteem..." in 2013. I am here for you and your family to achieve positive results and feel better quickly so that you can continue to have the relationships in your life that you desire and also need.
Whether you would like assistance in facing life challenges, focusing on personal growth, or gaining a healthy self-esteem, I will provide you with the necessary tools to meet your goals.
I authored the book, "Attachment-Based Strategies to Improve Self-Esteem..." in 2013. I am here for you and your family to achieve positive results and feel better quickly so that you can continue to have the relationships in your life that you desire and also need.
(818) 672-5091 View (818) 672-5091
Photo of Mike Strauss, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mike Strauss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
It takes courage to embark on the experience of bettering one’s life.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with an undergraduate degree in psychology. I always work to achieve a compassionate, judgment free therapeutic environment. Many issues can be improved through increasing self-esteem, learning healthy communication skills, sharpening conflict resolution abilities and being able to accept love and support from others. I use solution and evidence-based therapies to enhance the mental and emotional well-being of each and every one of my clients. Organically, throughout our time together, clients will come to know that I am passionately dedicated to them.
It takes courage to embark on the experience of bettering one’s life.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with an undergraduate degree in psychology. I always work to achieve a compassionate, judgment free therapeutic environment. Many issues can be improved through increasing self-esteem, learning healthy communication skills, sharpening conflict resolution abilities and being able to accept love and support from others. I use solution and evidence-based therapies to enhance the mental and emotional well-being of each and every one of my clients. Organically, throughout our time together, clients will come to know that I am passionately dedicated to them.
(747) 207-3286 View (747) 207-3286
Photo of Sandra Liu, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Sandra Liu
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
Every problem in life offers the opportunity to test our resilience and redefine happiness for ourselves.
Do you long for a space to break free from emotional burdens, rebuild self-awareness, and rediscover the joy and spirit within you? Life often presents challenges that weigh us down, leaving us feeling lost and disconnected from our true selves. These struggles may come in many forms – from anxiety and depression to relationship issues and personal crises. During these times, we may feel overwhelmed, isolated, and unsure of how to move forward.
Every problem in life offers the opportunity to test our resilience and redefine happiness for ourselves.
Do you long for a space to break free from emotional burdens, rebuild self-awareness, and rediscover the joy and spirit within you? Life often presents challenges that weigh us down, leaving us feeling lost and disconnected from our true selves. These struggles may come in many forms – from anxiety and depression to relationship issues and personal crises. During these times, we may feel overwhelmed, isolated, and unsure of how to move forward.
(818) 873-4152 View (818) 873-4152
Photo of Denise Richman, MS, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Denise Richman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
With compassion, experience (professional and life), intelligence, and a sprinkling of humor, I would be honored to help you feel better, and move forward to live a life that feels right and makes sense to you.
Having a safe place and a compassionate person with whom to share our struggles, concerns and hopes can help enormously to heal, find relief, and create more joy and satisfaction in our lives. I provide professional, high quality therapy, counseling and coaching, and I am dedicated to serving the needs of my clients. Offices in Porter Ranch, and Santa Clarita.
With compassion, experience (professional and life), intelligence, and a sprinkling of humor, I would be honored to help you feel better, and move forward to live a life that feels right and makes sense to you.
Having a safe place and a compassionate person with whom to share our struggles, concerns and hopes can help enormously to heal, find relief, and create more joy and satisfaction in our lives. I provide professional, high quality therapy, counseling and coaching, and I am dedicated to serving the needs of my clients. Offices in Porter Ranch, and Santa Clarita.
(818) 962-6439 View (818) 962-6439
Photo of Ellie Miraftabi, MFT, PhD , Marriage & Family Therapist
Ellie Miraftabi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Life's everyday problems can cause stress,anxiety, confusion and a feeling of hopelessness and similar conditions increasingly lead to physical and emotional disorders that often lead to difficulties in relating to others and even to oneself. I am a multicultural licensed psychotherapist and a strong advocate for psychological and social human services, working with adolescent, adult and families. For more than tweleve years I have been helping people face their most difficult challenges with insight, compassion and understanding. I help clients reach greater potential, improve their relationships, heal from past hurts and deal with current life issues.
Life's everyday problems can cause stress,anxiety, confusion and a feeling of hopelessness and similar conditions increasingly lead to physical and emotional disorders that often lead to difficulties in relating to others and even to oneself. I am a multicultural licensed psychotherapist and a strong advocate for psychological and social human services, working with adolescent, adult and families. For more than tweleve years I have been helping people face their most difficult challenges with insight, compassion and understanding. I help clients reach greater potential, improve their relationships, heal from past hurts and deal with current life issues.
(818) 296-6291 View (818) 296-6291
Photo of Kim Scott, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kim Scott
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
I care deeply for my clients and share empathy, compassion, and love in their journey through life.
In counseling, I will listen and support you throughout the depths of your personal winter and will help you find the invincible summer that lies within. There are times in life when we all struggle, but working together we can turn your struggles into transition points for personal growth. My approach is eclectic and always designed to meet my client's individual needs.
I care deeply for my clients and share empathy, compassion, and love in their journey through life.
In counseling, I will listen and support you throughout the depths of your personal winter and will help you find the invincible summer that lies within. There are times in life when we all struggle, but working together we can turn your struggles into transition points for personal growth. My approach is eclectic and always designed to meet my client's individual needs.
(747) 222-1848 View (747) 222-1848
Photo of Nick Vetter - Nick Vetter Counseling, Therapy, Life Coaching, LMFT, MA, MBA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nick Vetter Counseling, Therapy, Life Coaching
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MBA
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Counseling, Therapy, Life Coaching serving Individuals, and couples, providing support for emotional and relational wellness throughout the seasons of your life and the lives of those you love.
Nick Vetter Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist - LMFT #48867: I want to affirm, encourage and support you in your journey toward stability, integration, empowerment and success. Evening hours, Mon - Weds 5:30 pm - 8:30 pm. Free Parking in the rear of building or street. Call for further information! 818-835-0779, I'm looking forward to meeting with you soon! $75.00 / 50 minute sessions - Cash or check. If have an emergency situation please call 911. LAValleyCounseling.com / Peopletherapy.com. Also, my therapy is informed by a Judeo-Christian world view. No solicitors - also, please do not ask me to advertise your link.
Counseling, Therapy, Life Coaching serving Individuals, and couples, providing support for emotional and relational wellness throughout the seasons of your life and the lives of those you love.
Nick Vetter Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist - LMFT #48867: I want to affirm, encourage and support you in your journey toward stability, integration, empowerment and success. Evening hours, Mon - Weds 5:30 pm - 8:30 pm. Free Parking in the rear of building or street. Call for further information! 818-835-0779, I'm looking forward to meeting with you soon! $75.00 / 50 minute sessions - Cash or check. If have an emergency situation please call 911. LAValleyCounseling.com / Peopletherapy.com. Also, my therapy is informed by a Judeo-Christian world view. No solicitors - also, please do not ask me to advertise your link.
(747) 774-8023 View (747) 774-8023
Photo of Mark Sergi, PhD, Psychologist
Mark Sergi
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Please contact me via telephone or text so that I may help you overcome your emotional suffering, improve how you feel about yourself, and increase the quality of your life.
You can overcome the challenges that you face today. Whether you are challenged by depression, anxiety, relationship problems, and/or another emotional health issue; counseling, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy, can help you overcome your mental health issues and transform yourself into the person you hope to become. I, Dr. Mark Sergi, have counseled adults, couples, and elders for over 20 years; helping hundreds of persons improve their emotional health and quality of life.
Please contact me via telephone or text so that I may help you overcome your emotional suffering, improve how you feel about yourself, and increase the quality of your life.
You can overcome the challenges that you face today. Whether you are challenged by depression, anxiety, relationship problems, and/or another emotional health issue; counseling, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy, can help you overcome your mental health issues and transform yourself into the person you hope to become. I, Dr. Mark Sergi, have counseled adults, couples, and elders for over 20 years; helping hundreds of persons improve their emotional health and quality of life.
(818) 452-2191 View (818) 452-2191
Photo of Jennifer Lopez, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Jennifer Lopez
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
Treatment approach is tailored to your needs while being sensitive to your cultural identity and life experience.
Hi! My name is Jennifer Lopez and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the state of California. I have fifteen (15) years of clinical counseling experience and several years of Christian counseling experience as well. Working with diverse clients over the years has given me opportunities to learn about people and their unique individuality. Respect and learning about your culture and how it affects your worldview and experience without judgment or assumption is important in deepening my understanding of where you are coming from.
Treatment approach is tailored to your needs while being sensitive to your cultural identity and life experience.
Hi! My name is Jennifer Lopez and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the state of California. I have fifteen (15) years of clinical counseling experience and several years of Christian counseling experience as well. Working with diverse clients over the years has given me opportunities to learn about people and their unique individuality. Respect and learning about your culture and how it affects your worldview and experience without judgment or assumption is important in deepening my understanding of where you are coming from.
(805) 519-7675 View (805) 519-7675
Photo of Priscilla Tejada, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Priscilla Tejada
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
I am willing to embrace all walks of life and all potential obstacles if the individual is open to put in the necessary work.
I have been practicing for over 10 years treating individuals with Anger, Trauma, Addiction, Adolescent Issues, Gender & Sexuality Issues, Autism, Anxiety, Depression, Relationship Issues, Parenting, Self-Esteem, and Peer Relationships. My training includes extensive work in a Hospital Based Intensive Outpatient Program, a Non-Profit Family Counseling Center, a Non-Public Behavioral School for students with chronic mental illness, and Private Practice. I am versed in Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Existential Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Jungian Therapy, and Multicultural Therapy.
I am willing to embrace all walks of life and all potential obstacles if the individual is open to put in the necessary work.
I have been practicing for over 10 years treating individuals with Anger, Trauma, Addiction, Adolescent Issues, Gender & Sexuality Issues, Autism, Anxiety, Depression, Relationship Issues, Parenting, Self-Esteem, and Peer Relationships. My training includes extensive work in a Hospital Based Intensive Outpatient Program, a Non-Profit Family Counseling Center, a Non-Public Behavioral School for students with chronic mental illness, and Private Practice. I am versed in Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Existential Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Jungian Therapy, and Multicultural Therapy.
(844) 490-1072 View (844) 490-1072
Photo of Nicoli Tucker, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nicoli Tucker
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
As a therapist I have a longstanding interest in helping clients heal their psychological issues against the background of their faith orientation. I graduated from Fuller Theological Seminary where integration of faith and psychology is primary and I continue to read a diverse number of classics in spiritual and theological literature. I am an Oblate at St. Andrew's Abbey a Catholic Benedictine Monastery. I have experience with clients from protestant, orthodox, Jewish, Christian and Roman Catholic denominations. I am familiar with issues facing pastors priests and religious. I also run a spiritual growth group on Tuesday nights.
As a therapist I have a longstanding interest in helping clients heal their psychological issues against the background of their faith orientation. I graduated from Fuller Theological Seminary where integration of faith and psychology is primary and I continue to read a diverse number of classics in spiritual and theological literature. I am an Oblate at St. Andrew's Abbey a Catholic Benedictine Monastery. I have experience with clients from protestant, orthodox, Jewish, Christian and Roman Catholic denominations. I am familiar with issues facing pastors priests and religious. I also run a spiritual growth group on Tuesday nights.
(213) 290-5950 View (213) 290-5950
Photo of Sheree Lynne Jones-Pistol - Sheree Jones-Pistol, A MAFT Corporation, MA, LMFT, PPS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sheree Jones-Pistol, A MAFT Corporation
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PPS
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Everyone experiences, at one time or another, difficulty interacting with others and coping with stressful events. We guide you through your challenges, assist you in relieving your stresses, and support you through your enlightenment process to ultimately solve your problems on your own and achieve your goals. "All negative emotions are caused by a disruption in the body's energy system" -- this is the foundation we incorporate in our work. We blend psychotherapy, spiritual beliefs, and Eastern philosophies to work toward healing, working with the entire person's energy system.
Everyone experiences, at one time or another, difficulty interacting with others and coping with stressful events. We guide you through your challenges, assist you in relieving your stresses, and support you through your enlightenment process to ultimately solve your problems on your own and achieve your goals. "All negative emotions are caused by a disruption in the body's energy system" -- this is the foundation we incorporate in our work. We blend psychotherapy, spiritual beliefs, and Eastern philosophies to work toward healing, working with the entire person's energy system.
(818) 918-3046 View (818) 918-3046
Photo of Lili Merhavi-surkin, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lili Merhavi-surkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
We seek help when our challenges outstrip our ability to cope. My role as a therapist is to guide, support, and facilitate exploring new tools that will improve the clients' functioning skills in society. My professional facilitation supports clients who feel that they are at a crossroad in their lives and recognize that they need to gain new tools and the empowerment necessary to make changes.
We seek help when our challenges outstrip our ability to cope. My role as a therapist is to guide, support, and facilitate exploring new tools that will improve the clients' functioning skills in society. My professional facilitation supports clients who feel that they are at a crossroad in their lives and recognize that they need to gain new tools and the empowerment necessary to make changes.
(818) 616-8736 View (818) 616-8736
Photo of Gale Vergara LaFreniere, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gale Vergara LaFreniere
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
Do you ever think, "why is it so hard to get along?" Do you wonder why love doesn't seem to be enough to stop the fighting? Do you end up fighting and arguing when you're just trying to discuss things? Do you ever wonder why you just can't seem to understand each other? Do you wake up in the middle of the night thinking, "I can't do this anymore! I hate this! Why is this relationship so hard?!? There must be a better way!"
Do you ever think, "why is it so hard to get along?" Do you wonder why love doesn't seem to be enough to stop the fighting? Do you end up fighting and arguing when you're just trying to discuss things? Do you ever wonder why you just can't seem to understand each other? Do you wake up in the middle of the night thinking, "I can't do this anymore! I hate this! Why is this relationship so hard?!? There must be a better way!"
(818) 963-9219 View (818) 963-9219
Photo of Lindsay Gooze, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lindsay Gooze
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
On the outside, it seems like you have it all together. But, you are struggling with anxiety, depression, or an eating disorder. You don’t feel good enough, despite putting effort in everything you do. You work hard to be in control, and get anxious when things don’t go as planned. It is hard to ask for help, since you tend to put other people before yourself. You feel lonely and want to connect to people. But, it is hard to focus on relationships, when you are thinking about what might go wrong.
On the outside, it seems like you have it all together. But, you are struggling with anxiety, depression, or an eating disorder. You don’t feel good enough, despite putting effort in everything you do. You work hard to be in control, and get anxious when things don’t go as planned. It is hard to ask for help, since you tend to put other people before yourself. You feel lonely and want to connect to people. But, it is hard to focus on relationships, when you are thinking about what might go wrong.
(818) 928-6867 View (818) 928-6867
Photo of Dr. Andrew J Leone, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Andrew J Leone
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Porter Ranch, CA 91326  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Just living in today’s world can be difficult and exhausting. Many of us feel as if we are just “getting by.” We all struggle with our mental health, from daily conflict with others, feeling frustrated or irritable, painful past experiences(trauma), struggles with work and family, and anxious thoughts. These issues can hinder our ability to heal and grow. We can all use help at times, even if we don’t know how to ask for it. I provide comprehensive support and direct feedback to help guide you through this difficult journey, to reach a path that leads to healing, understanding, acceptance, and resolution.
Just living in today’s world can be difficult and exhausting. Many of us feel as if we are just “getting by.” We all struggle with our mental health, from daily conflict with others, feeling frustrated or irritable, painful past experiences(trauma), struggles with work and family, and anxious thoughts. These issues can hinder our ability to heal and grow. We can all use help at times, even if we don’t know how to ask for it. I provide comprehensive support and direct feedback to help guide you through this difficult journey, to reach a path that leads to healing, understanding, acceptance, and resolution.
(310) 361-0831 View (310) 361-0831
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Life Coaching Therapists

What can I expect from life coaching?

Clients and coaches will typically start by identifying the problem area(s) that the client hopes to address—then, the coach will help the client brainstorm potential solutions and explore concrete techniques to help the client attain their goals. Coaching is typically short-term and focused on finding solutions in the here and now, rather than exploring a client’s past. In addition to strategies aimed at the client’s specific concerns, coaches may encourage general stress management techniques such as meditation.

Can a life coach help treat anxiety?

Because the majority of life coaches are not licensed clinicians, they are not qualified to diagnose or treat anxiety. Anyone struggling with anxiety or another mental health condition should seek help from a licensed mental health practitioner. However, some coaching clients who struggle with subclinical anxiety report that working with their coach on other problems—such as career dissatisfaction or unhealthy habits—has a positive effect on their anxiety.

Can life coaching be done online?

Yes. While life coaching often happens in person, many coaches conduct sessions over the phone or via online platforms such as Zoom or Skype. Because life coaches are not subject to local licensing regulations in the same way that therapists are, they are able to see clients who live in other locations.

How long does life coaching last?

Life coaching tends to be a shorter-term process than therapy, though it does not always unfold over a specific period of time and is instead based on the coach’s or the client’s preferences. Coaching often takes place over three to 12 months but may be shorter or longer if necessary.