Psychoanalytic Therapists in Oakland, CA

Photo of Lila Zimmerman, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lila Zimmerman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
My approach to therapy is psychodynamic, psychoanalytic and relational. Our task together is to help unlock the parts of you that got stuck somewhere along the way.
My approach to therapy is psychodynamic, psychoanalytic and relational. Our task together is to help unlock the parts of you that got stuck somewhere along the way.
(510) 800-9076 View (510) 800-9076
Photo of Rachel Cooke, PsyD, Psychologist
Rachel Cooke
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in doing depth work with couples, and I teach psychoanalytic couple therapy online and for PCPG (see below).
Starting therapy is not easy, and I hope you'll soon feel comfortable with me because of how I listen and become interested in the details you bring, helping you start to feel safe and at ease. I'll listen to the layers of what you say, and do my best to notice patterns which you may be unaware of. Together we'll think about the present moment of your life, your history, your needs and desires, and what gets in the way of your greater happiness and satisfaction.
I specialize in doing depth work with couples, and I teach psychoanalytic couple therapy online and for PCPG (see below).
Starting therapy is not easy, and I hope you'll soon feel comfortable with me because of how I listen and become interested in the details you bring, helping you start to feel safe and at ease. I'll listen to the layers of what you say, and do my best to notice patterns which you may be unaware of. Together we'll think about the present moment of your life, your history, your needs and desires, and what gets in the way of your greater happiness and satisfaction.
(510) 374-4394 View (510) 374-4394
Photo of Rachel Licitra, MFT, PsyD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rachel Licitra
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
My work is informed by contemporary psychoanalytic thinking, as well as, my background in the arts.
I approach each therapeutic relationship with openness, balancing thoughtful intensity with humor. My style has been described as warm, genuine, intuitive, and incisive. Together we can discover, explore, and hold what needs attending to, cultivating space for the fullness of your experience.
My work is informed by contemporary psychoanalytic thinking, as well as, my background in the arts.
I approach each therapeutic relationship with openness, balancing thoughtful intensity with humor. My style has been described as warm, genuine, intuitive, and incisive. Together we can discover, explore, and hold what needs attending to, cultivating space for the fullness of your experience.
(510) 408-6821 View (510) 408-6821
Photo of Rebecca Shapiro, MA
Rebecca Shapiro
Registered Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I am a psychoanalytic psychotherapist working with adults in the Bay Area. In general, I am interested in how individuals understand and articulate their experiences and how, in the process of therapy, we modify these experiences, providing increased freedom over time. I believe that the relationship between therapist and patient is foundational to change and am therefore sensitive to how the language we use together develops and shifts within the relationship to accommodate emergent understanding.
I am a psychoanalytic psychotherapist working with adults in the Bay Area. In general, I am interested in how individuals understand and articulate their experiences and how, in the process of therapy, we modify these experiences, providing increased freedom over time. I believe that the relationship between therapist and patient is foundational to change and am therefore sensitive to how the language we use together develops and shifts within the relationship to accommodate emergent understanding.
(510) 761-3835 View (510) 761-3835
Raha Ghasemi
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Our work together begins with a recognition that it takes courage to enter therapy and that it is an investment of time as well as resources. Embarking on this process is an important step towards living a fuller, more meaningful life. Whether you are struggling to make sense of your past, present and/or future, I hope to help guide you in gaining greater self-awareness and to achieve your goals. I am a licensed psychologist, and clinical supervisor with an integrative approach that combines the latest evidence-based research and depth-oriented relational psychoanalytic theory.
Our work together begins with a recognition that it takes courage to enter therapy and that it is an investment of time as well as resources. Embarking on this process is an important step towards living a fuller, more meaningful life. Whether you are struggling to make sense of your past, present and/or future, I hope to help guide you in gaining greater self-awareness and to achieve your goals. I am a licensed psychologist, and clinical supervisor with an integrative approach that combines the latest evidence-based research and depth-oriented relational psychoanalytic theory.
(415) 936-0853 View (415) 936-0853
Photo of Susan Diamond Moore, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Diamond Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
I am former faculty at Stanford University where I led numerous groups for people with cancer and HIV; I've received postgraduate psychoanalytic training which has allowed me to more fully appreciate your mind's complexities and the unique potential for healing that exists within the therapeutic relationship that we build.
I consider it a privilege to work with you to explore aspects of your life experience which have diminished your satisfaction with life or otherwise left you feeling lost or alone. Challenges around loss, aging, illness, trauma or relationships can feel too frightening to tackle alone. As a seasoned and compassionate psychotherapist, I can help you bear and work with what may feel unbearable. Together, we will create a protected space that fosters the trust, aliveness and self-expression that are essential to growth and success in love and work, where you can ultimately reclaim your life and joie-de-vivre.
I am former faculty at Stanford University where I led numerous groups for people with cancer and HIV; I've received postgraduate psychoanalytic training which has allowed me to more fully appreciate your mind's complexities and the unique potential for healing that exists within the therapeutic relationship that we build.
I consider it a privilege to work with you to explore aspects of your life experience which have diminished your satisfaction with life or otherwise left you feeling lost or alone. Challenges around loss, aging, illness, trauma or relationships can feel too frightening to tackle alone. As a seasoned and compassionate psychotherapist, I can help you bear and work with what may feel unbearable. Together, we will create a protected space that fosters the trust, aliveness and self-expression that are essential to growth and success in love and work, where you can ultimately reclaim your life and joie-de-vivre.
(510) 985-4589 View (510) 985-4589
Photo of Dean Leav - Men's Issues - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Men's Issues - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94607
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
(510) 983-7281 View (510) 983-7281
Photo of Eleanor Broh, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eleanor Broh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
As a modern psychoanalytic therapist, I will support you to deeply know yourself, your story, and the future you long for.
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
As a modern psychoanalytic therapist, I will support you to deeply know yourself, your story, and the future you long for.
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
(510) 945-1464 View (510) 945-1464
Photo of Thomas Cohen - I am retired and do not work with any patients!!, Psychologist
I am retired and do not work with any patients!!
Psychologist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I have the unusual work history of combining 21 years of work at Kaiser Oakland's Department of Psychiatry and being a personal and supervisory psychoanalyst at the Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern California.
Over 40 years of diverse practice has taught me that when people are in psychotherapy they create ingenious ways to grow, to resolve internal/social conflict and to improve their sense of personal fulfillment. They are innovative and sincere. Therapy is more than a serious, shared introspection. It is also a playful interaction. It usually involves a full range of emotions that includes a sharing of ideas and a mutual exchange, which almost always involves a lively conversation. There seems to be one common theme, namely that each person is seeking to find a sense of truth and well-being.
I have the unusual work history of combining 21 years of work at Kaiser Oakland's Department of Psychiatry and being a personal and supervisory psychoanalyst at the Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern California.
Over 40 years of diverse practice has taught me that when people are in psychotherapy they create ingenious ways to grow, to resolve internal/social conflict and to improve their sense of personal fulfillment. They are innovative and sincere. Therapy is more than a serious, shared introspection. It is also a playful interaction. It usually involves a full range of emotions that includes a sharing of ideas and a mutual exchange, which almost always involves a lively conversation. There seems to be one common theme, namely that each person is seeking to find a sense of truth and well-being.
(510) 342-3106 View (510) 342-3106
Photo of Jan Chess, PhD, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jan Chess
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
I specialize in long term psychoanalytic psychotherapy and value empathy, understanding, and reflection in healing previously unmet relational needs.
Are you struggling with how childhood experiences, losses or trauma continues to influence your life? Are you discouraged at repeating difficult situations or find it hard to get out from under depression or anxiety? I'm glad to see how we can put our minds together to understand your dilemmas and see things differently. Change is possible no matter what your age or your life circumstances when you feel seen, accepted and appreciated for who you are and where you've been.
I specialize in long term psychoanalytic psychotherapy and value empathy, understanding, and reflection in healing previously unmet relational needs.
Are you struggling with how childhood experiences, losses or trauma continues to influence your life? Are you discouraged at repeating difficult situations or find it hard to get out from under depression or anxiety? I'm glad to see how we can put our minds together to understand your dilemmas and see things differently. Change is possible no matter what your age or your life circumstances when you feel seen, accepted and appreciated for who you are and where you've been.
(530) 645-3796 View (530) 645-3796
Photo of Tonya Dowding, PsyD, MA, Psychologist
Tonya Dowding
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
I have specialized training in Jungian psychoanalytic therapy from the C.
I find it effective to combine behavioral solutions with depth work. Since the unconscious ripples into all aspects of life, I have found that relational therapy addressing unconscious motives can help with most psychological difficulties. In addition to working with individuals, couples & families, I am adjunct faculty at the California Institute of Integral Studies where I teach in the Masters in Counseling Psychology Department and Psychological Services Clinic.
I have specialized training in Jungian psychoanalytic therapy from the C.
I find it effective to combine behavioral solutions with depth work. Since the unconscious ripples into all aspects of life, I have found that relational therapy addressing unconscious motives can help with most psychological difficulties. In addition to working with individuals, couples & families, I am adjunct faculty at the California Institute of Integral Studies where I teach in the Masters in Counseling Psychology Department and Psychological Services Clinic.
(628) 333-6616 View (628) 333-6616
Photo of Reed A Malcolm Psychotherapist, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Reed A Malcolm Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
My clinical orientation is grounded in both Psychoanalytic and Attachment Theory.
Hello. I am a psychotherapist treating adults and couples in-person (Bay Area) and on-line (throughout CA). I take a relational and collaborative approach to psychotherapy. We are all unique, consciously and unconsciously influenced by the relationships and life-events that leave a lasting impact on how we address our current situation. Difficulties can sometimes arise when the habitual thoughts, emotions, or behaviors that once served us now have us feeling stuck, depressed, and powerless. Fear, ambivalence, compulsivity and patterned thinking can hamper our ability to address the inevitable twists and turns of daily life.
My clinical orientation is grounded in both Psychoanalytic and Attachment Theory.
Hello. I am a psychotherapist treating adults and couples in-person (Bay Area) and on-line (throughout CA). I take a relational and collaborative approach to psychotherapy. We are all unique, consciously and unconsciously influenced by the relationships and life-events that leave a lasting impact on how we address our current situation. Difficulties can sometimes arise when the habitual thoughts, emotions, or behaviors that once served us now have us feeling stuck, depressed, and powerless. Fear, ambivalence, compulsivity and patterned thinking can hamper our ability to address the inevitable twists and turns of daily life.
(415) 358-5359 View (415) 358-5359
Photo of Ari Max Bachrach, MS, NP, PMHNP
Ari Max Bachrach
MS, NP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
I am trained to alleviate individuals' psychiatric symptoms with treatments including psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychopharmacology.
My love of psychotherapy is rooted in deep belief of the transformative potential of individuals to heal, grow, and realize their most healthy and happy selves, and in turn to have greater capacity and freedom to change our communities and society. As a nurse practitioner I aim to work with you towards that goal. In much the same way that we are shaped by our early relationships, environment, and experiences, healing too happens in relationship. In an attuned therapeutic relationship, we are able to have different experiences and develop a greater sense of authenticity and connection to ourselves and the world around us.
I am trained to alleviate individuals' psychiatric symptoms with treatments including psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychopharmacology.
My love of psychotherapy is rooted in deep belief of the transformative potential of individuals to heal, grow, and realize their most healthy and happy selves, and in turn to have greater capacity and freedom to change our communities and society. As a nurse practitioner I aim to work with you towards that goal. In much the same way that we are shaped by our early relationships, environment, and experiences, healing too happens in relationship. In an attuned therapeutic relationship, we are able to have different experiences and develop a greater sense of authenticity and connection to ourselves and the world around us.
(925) 940-1809 View (925) 940-1809
Photo of Miranda York, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Miranda York
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
I work relationally, somatically, and with psychodynamic/psychoanalytic understanding.
I offer psychotherapy to individuals and couples who reside in California or Oregon. I offer clinical supervision to associates residing and working in the state of California. As a psychotherapist, I am flexible and tailor my approach to the need of each client. I have been trained in many modalities that offer various benefits, depending on your needs and preferences (EMDR, AEDP, Sensorimotor, Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic, Somatic). As a clinical supervisor, I supervise from a primarily psychodynamic orientation. My practice is anti oppression and trauma informed.
I work relationally, somatically, and with psychodynamic/psychoanalytic understanding.
I offer psychotherapy to individuals and couples who reside in California or Oregon. I offer clinical supervision to associates residing and working in the state of California. As a psychotherapist, I am flexible and tailor my approach to the need of each client. I have been trained in many modalities that offer various benefits, depending on your needs and preferences (EMDR, AEDP, Sensorimotor, Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic, Somatic). As a clinical supervisor, I supervise from a primarily psychodynamic orientation. My practice is anti oppression and trauma informed.
(971) 314-6752 View (971) 314-6752
Photo of Paula Mandel, PhD, Psychologist
Paula Mandel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
I've been in practice for over 25 years, helping people who are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, and a range of other difficulties. I work from an integrative psychoanalytic perspective. This means that we work together to understand in a deep way the painful patterns that hold you back and where efforts to shield yourself from pain create more problems. We attend to your thoughts and feelings in the moment, which is in many ways like a mindfulness practice, aimed at enlarging acceptance of the known and as yet unknown parts of yourself.
I've been in practice for over 25 years, helping people who are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, and a range of other difficulties. I work from an integrative psychoanalytic perspective. This means that we work together to understand in a deep way the painful patterns that hold you back and where efforts to shield yourself from pain create more problems. We attend to your thoughts and feelings in the moment, which is in many ways like a mindfulness practice, aimed at enlarging acceptance of the known and as yet unknown parts of yourself.
(510) 240-5847 View (510) 240-5847
Photo of Robert Perl, PsyD, Psychologist
Robert Perl
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
My education and training has been primarily psychodynamic/psychoanalytic, and my approach reflects the application of this evidence-base.
My work is informed by years of practice and research in evidence-based methods and interventions aimed at helping people change. I create strong collaborative relationships with a goal of helping to improve personal and interpersonal effectiveness, and to bringing about one's best, most authentic self. By working on problematic relationship patterns, changing patterns of thought and behavior, and by learning to become more flexible and integrated, my aim is to increase my patients' overall effectiveness and help them lead happier, more fulfilling lives. I expect changes made in therapy will lead to systemic improvements in my patients' lives.
My education and training has been primarily psychodynamic/psychoanalytic, and my approach reflects the application of this evidence-base.
My work is informed by years of practice and research in evidence-based methods and interventions aimed at helping people change. I create strong collaborative relationships with a goal of helping to improve personal and interpersonal effectiveness, and to bringing about one's best, most authentic self. By working on problematic relationship patterns, changing patterns of thought and behavior, and by learning to become more flexible and integrated, my aim is to increase my patients' overall effectiveness and help them lead happier, more fulfilling lives. I expect changes made in therapy will lead to systemic improvements in my patients' lives.
(510) 756-2157 View (510) 756-2157
Photo of Tali Barr, PhD, Psychologist
Tali Barr
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
My orientation is relational with a psychoanalytic bent.
I believe that the most effective route to change and healing is through self awareness, I strive to work towards that end in all the therapy I do, both with couples and with individuals. I have found that there is no more powerful tool for breaking old patterns and affecting real change than self knowledge. With people who are curious and willing to look inward, I can help them do deep work and find out who they are and why they do the things they do..
My orientation is relational with a psychoanalytic bent.
I believe that the most effective route to change and healing is through self awareness, I strive to work towards that end in all the therapy I do, both with couples and with individuals. I have found that there is no more powerful tool for breaking old patterns and affecting real change than self knowledge. With people who are curious and willing to look inward, I can help them do deep work and find out who they are and why they do the things they do..
(510) 408-7798 View (510) 408-7798
Photo of Scott Lines - Scott Lines, Ph.D., PhD, Psychologist
Scott Lines, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601
I work hard to make a relationship with clients that provides a context for understanding; using, in a few words, a relational psychoanalytic approach.
I believe that as human beings, we are hard-wired with the need to get our emotional experience into the mind of a trusted other. My work as a psychotherapist is to find emotional resonance with my clients' life experiences, deriving both from their family of origin and from present-day situations and relationships. Whether a client is depressed, anxious, struggling with relationship problems, trying to overcome traumatic experiences, or trying to find their own unique, personal voice in a complex world, talking in psychotherapy can help to expand your capacity for growth and happiness.
I work hard to make a relationship with clients that provides a context for understanding; using, in a few words, a relational psychoanalytic approach.
I believe that as human beings, we are hard-wired with the need to get our emotional experience into the mind of a trusted other. My work as a psychotherapist is to find emotional resonance with my clients' life experiences, deriving both from their family of origin and from present-day situations and relationships. Whether a client is depressed, anxious, struggling with relationship problems, trying to overcome traumatic experiences, or trying to find their own unique, personal voice in a complex world, talking in psychotherapy can help to expand your capacity for growth and happiness.
(510) 379-7832 View (510) 379-7832
Photo of Vivek Anand, MA, MArch, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Vivek Anand
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MArch, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601
Attachment based and psychoanalytic psychotherapy guide my practice.
You are hurting, or anxious, are considering psychotherapy and whether to trust me to facilitate your healing. My experience with adults, couples and children will support your inner journey and that of loved ones. We will create space for you to contemplate internal, external and relationship challenges. Through an attuned therapeutic relationship, I will help you address internal challenges - depression, anxiety and trauma. Empathically, I help you face external challenges - discrimination, immigration and life transitions. I also support you in navigating relationships, in which your internal worlds connect with those of others.
Attachment based and psychoanalytic psychotherapy guide my practice.
You are hurting, or anxious, are considering psychotherapy and whether to trust me to facilitate your healing. My experience with adults, couples and children will support your inner journey and that of loved ones. We will create space for you to contemplate internal, external and relationship challenges. Through an attuned therapeutic relationship, I will help you address internal challenges - depression, anxiety and trauma. Empathically, I help you face external challenges - discrimination, immigration and life transitions. I also support you in navigating relationships, in which your internal worlds connect with those of others.
(415) 965-7434 View (415) 965-7434
Photo of Leah Lazar, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Leah Lazar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601
My work is informed by depth psychology especially contemporary psychoanalytic therapy, as well as somatic processes, accessing the wisdom of the body.
For over 33 years I have been blessed to work with individuals and couples who put their trust in me to facilitate their own personal healing. Clients have relied on my devotion, warmth, insights and authentic presence to hold them in a safe, sacred space. Through a collaborative exploration, we explore the thoughts, feelings, belief systems that are at the root of life-long patterns. Awareness of these patterns is crucial. However, lasting change requires more than insight. We need to directly experience and release the underlying energies and wounds that block your life force, so you can live and express your authentic gifts.
My work is informed by depth psychology especially contemporary psychoanalytic therapy, as well as somatic processes, accessing the wisdom of the body.
For over 33 years I have been blessed to work with individuals and couples who put their trust in me to facilitate their own personal healing. Clients have relied on my devotion, warmth, insights and authentic presence to hold them in a safe, sacred space. Through a collaborative exploration, we explore the thoughts, feelings, belief systems that are at the root of life-long patterns. Awareness of these patterns is crucial. However, lasting change requires more than insight. We need to directly experience and release the underlying energies and wounds that block your life force, so you can live and express your authentic gifts.
(415) 322-7889 View (415) 322-7889
1
...
Psychoanalytic Therapists

Does psychoanalytic therapy work?

Psychoanalytic therapy derives from the work of Sigmund Freud. In this type of therapy, discovering buried thoughts and emotions from the unconscious will help a person work through their difficulties and negative behaviors. Research shows that psychoanalytic therapy can be highly effective, with patients reporting improvement in mood, quality of life, and overall well-being.

How long are people typically in psychoanalytic therapy?

Traditional psychoanalysis is in-depth and is conducted in five sessions every week. Today, modern psychoanalytic therapy is less intense and normally incorporates as few as one or two sessions a week. In some cases, positive change can occur quickly. However, if the condition, difficulty, or behavior is deep-seated, improvement may require many months or years of therapy.

Is psychoanalytic therapy suitable for young people?

Children and adolescents can benefit from this type of therapy. Many kids and teens are often unable to form and communicate their thoughts and emotions. Psychoanalytic therapy uses specific techniques such as dream analysis, symbolism, and free association or word association; all of which can be useful tools for less-communicative young people. Through this therapy, a patient will hopefully make connections between what they feel inside and how the world works outside.

Can psychoanalytic therapy be done online?

Modern-day psychoanalytic therapy is very different from traditional psychoanalysis. While an individual can sit face-to-face with the psychoanalyst for multiple sessions a week, they do not have to. Today, psychoanalytic therapy can be effectively conducted online or by phone. The key is that the individual confronts what is repressed and avoided, and this can be done whether in person or over online video.