Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists in Norwalk, CA

Photo of April Celeste Elaine Johnson, DSW, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
April Celeste Elaine Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, DSW, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650
Do you ever forget how you got to work? Is life overwhelming, but you have no one to talk to? Do you hold it in, thinking it will go away? Some time in your life, you may be faced with the analogy of “your life vs. a bottle of soda.” There may be things shaken or flipped upside down in your life and you may want to explode. Knowing what happens to a bottle of soda & knowing people react differently, everyone’s version of “exploding” may come in various forms. As a therapist, I strive to find ways to turn your impairments into functionalities. Regarding the soda analogy, let’s “relieve pressure, open diligently, & consume slowly.”
Do you ever forget how you got to work? Is life overwhelming, but you have no one to talk to? Do you hold it in, thinking it will go away? Some time in your life, you may be faced with the analogy of “your life vs. a bottle of soda.” There may be things shaken or flipped upside down in your life and you may want to explode. Knowing what happens to a bottle of soda & knowing people react differently, everyone’s version of “exploding” may come in various forms. As a therapist, I strive to find ways to turn your impairments into functionalities. Regarding the soda analogy, let’s “relieve pressure, open diligently, & consume slowly.”
(909) 328-1536 View (909) 328-1536
Photo of David Morgan, LPCC
David Morgan
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650
My name is David Morgan, and I am a licensed professional clinical counselor (LPCC 11222). My approach to therapy is primarily cognitive-behavioral. I do counseling/therapy with individuals, couples, and families. I treat clients who may have depression, anxiety, ADHD, Autism, substance abuse, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, and marital difficulties. I try to make clients feel comfortable in expressing their thoughts and emotions. I explore their mental health journey up to the present day.
My name is David Morgan, and I am a licensed professional clinical counselor (LPCC 11222). My approach to therapy is primarily cognitive-behavioral. I do counseling/therapy with individuals, couples, and families. I treat clients who may have depression, anxiety, ADHD, Autism, substance abuse, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, and marital difficulties. I try to make clients feel comfortable in expressing their thoughts and emotions. I explore their mental health journey up to the present day.
(562) 667-5786 View (562) 667-5786
Photo of Maricela Moore, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maricela Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650  (Online Only)
Hello! It takes a lot of courage and vulnerability to seek therapy, so I'm glad you're here. My goal is to create a safe space to process your current challenges and help you build on your inherent strengths to create your unique path to wellness. I utilize highly effective evidence-based treatments such as EMDR, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and person-centered therapy. I provide a safe and supportive environment to promote self-awareness, healing, and personal growth to reach your full potential.
Hello! It takes a lot of courage and vulnerability to seek therapy, so I'm glad you're here. My goal is to create a safe space to process your current challenges and help you build on your inherent strengths to create your unique path to wellness. I utilize highly effective evidence-based treatments such as EMDR, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and person-centered therapy. I provide a safe and supportive environment to promote self-awareness, healing, and personal growth to reach your full potential.
(858) 780-4777 View (858) 780-4777
Photo of Toby Ford, MS, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Toby Ford
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650  (Online Only)
What motivates you to make change? Let's find out together. My ideal client is someone who is ready to embark on a journey of self-exploration and personal growth. You may be dealing with issues such as anxiety, depression, grief, relationship challenges, or life transitions. I am here to provide support and guidance.
What motivates you to make change? Let's find out together. My ideal client is someone who is ready to embark on a journey of self-exploration and personal growth. You may be dealing with issues such as anxiety, depression, grief, relationship challenges, or life transitions. I am here to provide support and guidance.
(714) 486-0454 View (714) 486-0454
Photo of Donald J. Cook, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Donald J. Cook
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650
Welcome! I’m Donald Cook, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with nearly 14,000 hours of practice, dedicated to helping individuals, couples, and families navigate life’s challenges. My approach is rooted in the belief that every person is valid, worthy, and deserving of respect, regardless of their age, background, or life circumstances. I see the person, not the diagnosis, and I consider each client a respected teacher. A Bit About My Approach: I specialize in treating a wide range of issues, including PTSD, ADD/ADHD, school-related challenges, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, and age-related concerns.
Welcome! I’m Donald Cook, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with nearly 14,000 hours of practice, dedicated to helping individuals, couples, and families navigate life’s challenges. My approach is rooted in the belief that every person is valid, worthy, and deserving of respect, regardless of their age, background, or life circumstances. I see the person, not the diagnosis, and I consider each client a respected teacher. A Bit About My Approach: I specialize in treating a wide range of issues, including PTSD, ADD/ADHD, school-related challenges, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, and age-related concerns.
(760) 203-4580 View (760) 203-4580
Photo of Solace Treatment Center - Solace Treatment Center, Marriage & Family Therapist
Solace Treatment Center
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650
Los Angeles’s Premier Mental Health & Substance Abuse Outpatient Treatment Center is committed to improving the lives of individuals who are struggling with mental health and substance abuse. Regardless of how these issues are impacting your life, we can help you move past them to a better you. Whether you or a loved one are struggling with mental health issues or drug and alcohol abuse, we are equipped to be able to help find a way out.
Los Angeles’s Premier Mental Health & Substance Abuse Outpatient Treatment Center is committed to improving the lives of individuals who are struggling with mental health and substance abuse. Regardless of how these issues are impacting your life, we can help you move past them to a better you. Whether you or a loved one are struggling with mental health issues or drug and alcohol abuse, we are equipped to be able to help find a way out.
(562) 568-9382 View (562) 568-9382
Photo of Mary N Parker, MS, LPCC, ABD, Counselor
Mary N Parker
Counselor, MS, LPCC, ABD
Verified Verified
Norwalk, CA 90650  (Online Only)
Stress often highlights issues in our lives. It can also provide an opportunity to address these issues to improve our own functioning. The issues may be in our relationships or circumstances. I would love to partner with you in this journey of discovery and empowerment. My 25+ years of helping people like you makes me uniquely qualified to collaborate with you on this journey. I approach issues primarily from a CBT framework but also rely on an eclectic approach that matches the technique with your particular need. I work remotely to enable flexibility in scheduling. I also offer a Free 15 min consultation to ensure a good fit.
Stress often highlights issues in our lives. It can also provide an opportunity to address these issues to improve our own functioning. The issues may be in our relationships or circumstances. I would love to partner with you in this journey of discovery and empowerment. My 25+ years of helping people like you makes me uniquely qualified to collaborate with you on this journey. I approach issues primarily from a CBT framework but also rely on an eclectic approach that matches the technique with your particular need. I work remotely to enable flexibility in scheduling. I also offer a Free 15 min consultation to ensure a good fit.
(310) 987-4161 View (310) 987-4161
Photo of Ayoung Choi, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Ayoung Choi
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norwalk, CA 90650  (Online Only)
I work with individuals from diverse cultural and social backgrounds, including neurodivergent individuals, teenagers, and men. I help to navigate unique life challenges, such as life transitions and relational issues, and achieve meaningful personal growth. I’ve supported clients with high-functioning autism in managing anxiety and regaining balance in their lives as well as young adults facing life transitions and cultural adaptations. Having lived and worked in both Northern and Southern California, I understand the pressures of high-paced careers, burnout, and post-pandemic social anxiety.
I work with individuals from diverse cultural and social backgrounds, including neurodivergent individuals, teenagers, and men. I help to navigate unique life challenges, such as life transitions and relational issues, and achieve meaningful personal growth. I’ve supported clients with high-functioning autism in managing anxiety and regaining balance in their lives as well as young adults facing life transitions and cultural adaptations. Having lived and worked in both Northern and Southern California, I understand the pressures of high-paced careers, burnout, and post-pandemic social anxiety.
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More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Haiza Martinez, ACSW
Haiza Martinez
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703  (Online Only)
Yes, we laugh in therapy, because healing can be both transformative and fun. I am committed to providing authentic, inclusive and culturally sensitive therapy to Latinx adults, neurodiverse identifying adults, and women navigating intense emotions and intrusive thoughts. I create a space to process trauma, navigate challenging emotions, and build resilience. With a focus on setting healthy boundaries, improving communication skills, and managing intrusive thoughts, I help cultivate self-awareness, build in I help clients cultivate self-awareness, build insight and develop coping strategies to thrive in their daily lives.
Yes, we laugh in therapy, because healing can be both transformative and fun. I am committed to providing authentic, inclusive and culturally sensitive therapy to Latinx adults, neurodiverse identifying adults, and women navigating intense emotions and intrusive thoughts. I create a space to process trauma, navigate challenging emotions, and build resilience. With a focus on setting healthy boundaries, improving communication skills, and managing intrusive thoughts, I help cultivate self-awareness, build in I help clients cultivate self-awareness, build insight and develop coping strategies to thrive in their daily lives.
(562) 526-1407 View (562) 526-1407
Photo of Meghan Elaine Shamburger, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Meghan Elaine Shamburger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90701
The truth about mental health is that being mentally healthy is not simply being happy all the time and perfect relationships are not born they are built. It is a fact that life is full of twists and turns with amazing highs and heartbreaking lows, not just for the individual but for couples and families as well. True mental health is the ability to navigate through these points while embracing the full range of your emotions and honoring them and every part of yourself! This is the stuff that mentally healthy and strong people and relationships are made of and this is where my passion lies!
The truth about mental health is that being mentally healthy is not simply being happy all the time and perfect relationships are not born they are built. It is a fact that life is full of twists and turns with amazing highs and heartbreaking lows, not just for the individual but for couples and families as well. True mental health is the ability to navigate through these points while embracing the full range of your emotions and honoring them and every part of yourself! This is the stuff that mentally healthy and strong people and relationships are made of and this is where my passion lies!
(562) 265-3854 View (562) 265-3854
Photo of Patrick Cleveland, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Patrick Cleveland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cerritos, CA 90703
Taking the first step toward getting help is the hardest part and I understand that. I am the founder & clinical director of Daybreak Counseling Center. We are an elite & dedicated group of therapists. We focus on providing a safe and nonjudgemental environment in order to help you speak freely, share your story, ask questions, and face any issues that arise. In beginning this inquiry, today you are one step closer to finding answers and solutions. Whether you are feeling down, anxious, confused, have relationship issues, or just want to grow emotionally and learn more about yourself, therapy can help. Your mental health matters!
Taking the first step toward getting help is the hardest part and I understand that. I am the founder & clinical director of Daybreak Counseling Center. We are an elite & dedicated group of therapists. We focus on providing a safe and nonjudgemental environment in order to help you speak freely, share your story, ask questions, and face any issues that arise. In beginning this inquiry, today you are one step closer to finding answers and solutions. Whether you are feeling down, anxious, confused, have relationship issues, or just want to grow emotionally and learn more about yourself, therapy can help. Your mental health matters!
(562) 366-1596 View (562) 366-1596
Photo of Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
(949) 461-1089 View (949) 461-1089
Photo of Valerie Banda-Rodriguez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Valerie Banda-Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bellflower, CA 90706
My name is Valerie Banda-Rodriguez, LCSW, and I have been practicing as a social worker for 8 years. I have helped clients with mood, personality, and psychotic disorders, and I focus on teaching skills that. Help my clients heal from emotional pain and trauma. I most commonly work with clients with mood and personality disorders, and I have a specialty in working with postpartum mood disorders. Some of the most common therapeutic approaches I use in my practice are CBT, DBT, trauma-focused approaches, Solutions, focused, Family systems, art therapy techniques, and exposure therapy techniques.
My name is Valerie Banda-Rodriguez, LCSW, and I have been practicing as a social worker for 8 years. I have helped clients with mood, personality, and psychotic disorders, and I focus on teaching skills that. Help my clients heal from emotional pain and trauma. I most commonly work with clients with mood and personality disorders, and I have a specialty in working with postpartum mood disorders. Some of the most common therapeutic approaches I use in my practice are CBT, DBT, trauma-focused approaches, Solutions, focused, Family systems, art therapy techniques, and exposure therapy techniques.
(310) 912-7625 View (310) 912-7625
Photo of Becky Almeida, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Becky Almeida
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellflower, CA 90706  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Becky, and I have been practicing for 14 years. I believe some of us are therapists and some of us become one. Given my ability to make people feel comfortable and open up is what makes me a good therapist. Learning the skills I mentioned gives us the ability to change the circumstances in our lives and start to shed some of the anxiety and depression. Ultimately it doesn't feel like a job it just feels like a conversation.
Hi, I'm Becky, and I have been practicing for 14 years. I believe some of us are therapists and some of us become one. Given my ability to make people feel comfortable and open up is what makes me a good therapist. Learning the skills I mentioned gives us the ability to change the circumstances in our lives and start to shed some of the anxiety and depression. Ultimately it doesn't feel like a job it just feels like a conversation.
(213) 325-3560 View (213) 325-3560
Photo of Ralph Ihle, PhD, Psychologist
Ralph Ihle
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703
Dr. Ralph Ihle is a Psychologist in the Long Beach, CA area whose practice has spanned more than 30 years. He obtained his undergraduate degree from the University of California at Los Angeles, CA in 1980 and his doctoral degree from the University of Southern California in 1988. He acquired skills consulting with and training program treatment staff and assessing and treating male and female patients with severe mental disorders and young adults with destructive behavior disorders.
Dr. Ralph Ihle is a Psychologist in the Long Beach, CA area whose practice has spanned more than 30 years. He obtained his undergraduate degree from the University of California at Los Angeles, CA in 1980 and his doctoral degree from the University of Southern California in 1988. He acquired skills consulting with and training program treatment staff and assessing and treating male and female patients with severe mental disorders and young adults with destructive behavior disorders.
(562) 414-5629 View (562) 414-5629
Photo of Sandra K Kaumaya, MS, LMFT, ARFA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sandra K Kaumaya
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, ARFA
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703
Painful situations at home or work can limit your happiness in life, Through counseling (EAP) Programs or Individual or family counseling can help. As a therapist I assist children/family individuals regarding ADD ODD ADHD Phobic / Anxiety and Depression problems. Victims of Crime/ Domestic Violence PTSD Post-Partum Depression Inappropriate Behavior Patterns, self-destructive behavior(cutting) in children can be minimized with therapy. I utilize Cognitive Behavior Therapy especially with children. I provide methods of stress management and conflict resolution, including depressed /anxious patients due to the physical limitations of surgery Counseling can help minimize feelings of hopelessness and isolation,
Painful situations at home or work can limit your happiness in life, Through counseling (EAP) Programs or Individual or family counseling can help. As a therapist I assist children/family individuals regarding ADD ODD ADHD Phobic / Anxiety and Depression problems. Victims of Crime/ Domestic Violence PTSD Post-Partum Depression Inappropriate Behavior Patterns, self-destructive behavior(cutting) in children can be minimized with therapy. I utilize Cognitive Behavior Therapy especially with children. I provide methods of stress management and conflict resolution, including depressed /anxious patients due to the physical limitations of surgery Counseling can help minimize feelings of hopelessness and isolation,
(562) 841-0348 View (562) 841-0348
Photo of Vivian Johnson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Vivian Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellflower, CA 90706
My name is Vivian E. Johnson, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist. I predominately utilize the psychodynamic approach. I work with individuals, families, and couples experiencing anxiety, depression, disruptive behaviors, relationship challenges, self-esteem issues, and trauma. I help clients recognize their recurring unhelpful thought, emotional and behavioral patterns, and the defense mechanisms they've developed to avoid distress and cope with stress. This insight may allow them to begin changing those patterns and develop more helpful and healthier ways to cope with life stressors.
My name is Vivian E. Johnson, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist. I predominately utilize the psychodynamic approach. I work with individuals, families, and couples experiencing anxiety, depression, disruptive behaviors, relationship challenges, self-esteem issues, and trauma. I help clients recognize their recurring unhelpful thought, emotional and behavioral patterns, and the defense mechanisms they've developed to avoid distress and cope with stress. This insight may allow them to begin changing those patterns and develop more helpful and healthier ways to cope with life stressors.
(619) 815-7294 View (619) 815-7294
Photo of Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
(949) 649-8350 View (949) 649-8350
Photo of Cynthia Little, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cynthia Little
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellflower, CA 90706
My name is Cynthia Little, LMFT. I have been working with clients across the life-span since 2010 and currently work with adults and elders 65+. I work with clients who are experiencing, anxiety, depression, relationships problems – with self, parents, and peers. I also work with individuals who struggling with life transitions, self-esteem, infidelity, and women’s issues. I offer a non-judgmental and supportive space. I used Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness, and pull from other modalities as needed.
My name is Cynthia Little, LMFT. I have been working with clients across the life-span since 2010 and currently work with adults and elders 65+. I work with clients who are experiencing, anxiety, depression, relationships problems – with self, parents, and peers. I also work with individuals who struggling with life transitions, self-esteem, infidelity, and women’s issues. I offer a non-judgmental and supportive space. I used Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness, and pull from other modalities as needed.
(657) 837-5522 View (657) 837-5522
Photo of Dean Leav - Men's Issues - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Men's Issues - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Cerritos, CA 90703
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
(949) 755-8095 View (949) 755-8095
Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists

What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.

What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?

Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.

What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?

DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.

What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?

The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.