Therapists in Mission Viejo, CA

Photo of Dean Leav - Men's Issues - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Men's Issues - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
Welcome to my practice. I have been in practice since 2007 and have been featured on ABC, NBC, and KCAL as an expert psychologist. I work primarily with men who have hit “rock bottom” and would like help getting up. These men are often in crisis when we first meet. The issues I address are typically related to unhealthy sexual behaviors, infidelity, financial recklessness, gambling, drugs/alcohol, dishonesty/lying, and relational conflicts. My therapy approach is a combination of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and the 12-Step recovery model. I also share insight from my own painful but redemptive recovery journey.
(949) 666-4101 View (949) 666-4101
Photo of Michael Wood, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Wood
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Hello and thank you for clicking on my profile. My name is Michael Wood and I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. If you are seeking improved relationships with your self and others, greater happiness in life and work as well as tools and a pathway to overcome self defeating behavior or addictions, I have success and extensive experience helping clients of all ages. A client centered approach comes natural to me. I meet clients where 'they are' and provide a safe, trusting warm environment that facilitates good working relationships.
Hello and thank you for clicking on my profile. My name is Michael Wood and I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. If you are seeking improved relationships with your self and others, greater happiness in life and work as well as tools and a pathway to overcome self defeating behavior or addictions, I have success and extensive experience helping clients of all ages. A client centered approach comes natural to me. I meet clients where 'they are' and provide a safe, trusting warm environment that facilitates good working relationships.
(949) 776-5803 View (949) 776-5803
Photo of Amber Smith, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amber Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92692
My name is Amber Smith, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I view therapy as a collaborative experience between myself and the client. My role is to support you in developing new skills and insights that will allow you to grow and thrive. I work with adults who are experiencing mild to moderate depression and anxiety symptoms, life transitions, job related stress, and low self-esteem. I am also trained in Perinatal Mental Health and specialize in working with Mother's who are experiencing anxiety and/or depression symptoms in their postpartum period and beyond.
My name is Amber Smith, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I view therapy as a collaborative experience between myself and the client. My role is to support you in developing new skills and insights that will allow you to grow and thrive. I work with adults who are experiencing mild to moderate depression and anxiety symptoms, life transitions, job related stress, and low self-esteem. I am also trained in Perinatal Mental Health and specialize in working with Mother's who are experiencing anxiety and/or depression symptoms in their postpartum period and beyond.
(949) 990-5961 View (949) 990-5961
Photo of Michael Miller, DMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Sometimes it is difficult to find peace in marriage. You want a marriage that is both happy and healthy, but can't seem to get there. You've tried to make things better, to work things out, but can't seem to make any lasting progress. You are searching for solutions that will bring about the peace and joy that you have always wanted in your relationship. The good news is that you and your partner can make changes that will help you to get back on track toward the peace and reconciliation that you both are looking for. Marriage can be happy and healthy.
Sometimes it is difficult to find peace in marriage. You want a marriage that is both happy and healthy, but can't seem to get there. You've tried to make things better, to work things out, but can't seem to make any lasting progress. You are searching for solutions that will bring about the peace and joy that you have always wanted in your relationship. The good news is that you and your partner can make changes that will help you to get back on track toward the peace and reconciliation that you both are looking for. Marriage can be happy and healthy.
(714) 386-1764 View (714) 386-1764
Photo of Curtis Hsia - Orange County Anxiety Center, PhD, Psychologist
Orange County Anxiety Center
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Anxiety, panic, fear, and OCD have answers. You can take control. Patients average a 15-week treatment under our specialists. We also offer 6 to 8 day intensive formats. We use empirically supported treatments tailored to each individual, including home visits and practicing skills outside of the office setting. Our pride is in our success rate.
Anxiety, panic, fear, and OCD have answers. You can take control. Patients average a 15-week treatment under our specialists. We also offer 6 to 8 day intensive formats. We use empirically supported treatments tailored to each individual, including home visits and practicing skills outside of the office setting. Our pride is in our success rate.
(949) 558-2610 View (949) 558-2610
Photo of Shauna Ornellas, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shauna Ornellas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Shauna Ornellas is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist specializing in individual and family therapy. Shauna brings over 15 years of experience supporting children, adolescents, adults and families dealing with anxiety, depression, anger, self esteem, ADHD, defiance, trauma and substance abuse. You can find support and relief in a non-judgmental caring environment.
Shauna Ornellas is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist specializing in individual and family therapy. Shauna brings over 15 years of experience supporting children, adolescents, adults and families dealing with anxiety, depression, anger, self esteem, ADHD, defiance, trauma and substance abuse. You can find support and relief in a non-judgmental caring environment.
(949) 537-2887 View (949) 537-2887
Photo of Dr. Lisa Stockdale, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Dr. Lisa Stockdale
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
A fulfilling life - sounds great...but is that really possible? Often times, life circumstances, difficulty managing emotions, or faulty thought patterns can keep us from feeling truly alive. Entering therapy may be a big undertaking but the rewards can be immeasurable!
A fulfilling life - sounds great...but is that really possible? Often times, life circumstances, difficulty managing emotions, or faulty thought patterns can keep us from feeling truly alive. Entering therapy may be a big undertaking but the rewards can be immeasurable!
(562) 669-3258 View (562) 669-3258
Photo of Sun Lee, LPCC
Sun Lee
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92692
Whether you are facing anxiety, depression or relationship issues, my goal is to work with you to reach your personal goals in a safe environment. I am passionate about what I do. I know what it is like to walk alone without guidance. Quality counseling can change your life and perspectives. I can help you overcome your pain and find the new purpose of your life. If you are looking for a counselor who can truly empathize what you are going through and understand your cultural background with top notch professional knowledge and experience, I am here to help you.
Whether you are facing anxiety, depression or relationship issues, my goal is to work with you to reach your personal goals in a safe environment. I am passionate about what I do. I know what it is like to walk alone without guidance. Quality counseling can change your life and perspectives. I can help you overcome your pain and find the new purpose of your life. If you are looking for a counselor who can truly empathize what you are going through and understand your cultural background with top notch professional knowledge and experience, I am here to help you.
(949) 536-9297 View (949) 536-9297
Photo of Marilyn Viera, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marilyn Viera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
I enjoy seeing the relief and joy return to my client's lives again once they learn new ways to cope and manage life. Therapy works quickly when one is ready to change. I can really motivate and inspire new ways to live using multiple techniques to create immediate and lasting change. We all want a high quality of life, yet have limited amounts of time. Changes can occur even coming to counseling every other week or monthly. It can even be done online if you're busy traveling or have a hectic schedule. Self care is something we all must do to have a balanced life that is healthy in mind, body and spirit. Are you caring for yourself?
I enjoy seeing the relief and joy return to my client's lives again once they learn new ways to cope and manage life. Therapy works quickly when one is ready to change. I can really motivate and inspire new ways to live using multiple techniques to create immediate and lasting change. We all want a high quality of life, yet have limited amounts of time. Changes can occur even coming to counseling every other week or monthly. It can even be done online if you're busy traveling or have a hectic schedule. Self care is something we all must do to have a balanced life that is healthy in mind, body and spirit. Are you caring for yourself?
(949) 577-7578 View (949) 577-7578
Photo of Ernestine Passas, CSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ernestine Passas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
I am a passionate therapist seeking to walk alongside my client's through providing empathy and a safe space. I became motivated to become a therapist due to my own family traumas and addictions. While navigating through life I recognized the need for a safe person to listen, validate when appropriate, challenge and motivate to get through trying times. This is the person I want to be for my clients.
I am a passionate therapist seeking to walk alongside my client's through providing empathy and a safe space. I became motivated to become a therapist due to my own family traumas and addictions. While navigating through life I recognized the need for a safe person to listen, validate when appropriate, challenge and motivate to get through trying times. This is the person I want to be for my clients.
(949) 997-1802 View (949) 997-1802
Diana Miltenburg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Ms. Diana Miltenburg is a compassionate and hard-working psychotherapist. She is at present working with LifeStance Health - California, located in Mission Viejo, CA. She treats a number of mental health conditions and welcomes patients of all ages. For her educational training, Ms. Miltenburg attended California State University, Long Beach, where she earned her bachelor's degree. She then obtained her master's degree in social work at the University of Southern California. Ms. Miltenburg is well-equipped to treat conditions like depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Ms. Diana Miltenburg is a compassionate and hard-working psychotherapist. She is at present working with LifeStance Health - California, located in Mission Viejo, CA. She treats a number of mental health conditions and welcomes patients of all ages. For her educational training, Ms. Miltenburg attended California State University, Long Beach, where she earned her bachelor's degree. She then obtained her master's degree in social work at the University of Southern California. Ms. Miltenburg is well-equipped to treat conditions like depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
(949) 449-2499 View (949) 449-2499
Photo of Maya Attia, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Maya Attia
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Maya Attia, LMFT 139693, is a sex-positive, LGBTQ+ affirming, polyamory, kink, and BDSM-friendly therapist. She offers space to express, explore, and learn about your whole self to find ease and greater satisfaction in life. My approach is humanistic and tender. I facilitate conversations that inspire insight and change. I enjoy using the practical tools from cognitive behavioral therapy, ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy), and other modalities, but at my core, I am relational.
Maya Attia, LMFT 139693, is a sex-positive, LGBTQ+ affirming, polyamory, kink, and BDSM-friendly therapist. She offers space to express, explore, and learn about your whole self to find ease and greater satisfaction in life. My approach is humanistic and tender. I facilitate conversations that inspire insight and change. I enjoy using the practical tools from cognitive behavioral therapy, ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy), and other modalities, but at my core, I am relational.
(949) 806-3433 View (949) 806-3433
Photo of Michael J. Kuhle, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael J. Kuhle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
All meaningful lives involve pain, there is no escaping this. Even if we cannot avoid pain, we can learn to rise above it and still create a life worth living. Life will never be unbearable due to circumstances, but only from a lack of purpose and meaning. My job is to help you look at your situation differently, and to develop a committed action plan to make the positive changes you have been wanting to. Like the Serenity Prayer says, we need to accept the things we cannot change, and have courage to change what we can, starting with ourselves.
All meaningful lives involve pain, there is no escaping this. Even if we cannot avoid pain, we can learn to rise above it and still create a life worth living. Life will never be unbearable due to circumstances, but only from a lack of purpose and meaning. My job is to help you look at your situation differently, and to develop a committed action plan to make the positive changes you have been wanting to. Like the Serenity Prayer says, we need to accept the things we cannot change, and have courage to change what we can, starting with ourselves.
(949) 200-6497 View (949) 200-6497
Photo of Mie Lynn Tsuchimoto, LMFT, MA, MPC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mie Lynn Tsuchimoto
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MPC
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
I am an energetic, compassionate, and faith based therapist, who engages in an eclectic approach to therapy. I believe in emotional healing, emotional stability, and goal setting to help my clients navigate an amazing life. I will provide strength based therapeutic approaches tailored to your needs, and what will work best for you. Together we will develop a treatment plan that when implemented, will enable you to create success in any area of your life, and eliminate what is currently unhealthy or toxic. My main therapeutic approaches are with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Behavior Modification.
I am an energetic, compassionate, and faith based therapist, who engages in an eclectic approach to therapy. I believe in emotional healing, emotional stability, and goal setting to help my clients navigate an amazing life. I will provide strength based therapeutic approaches tailored to your needs, and what will work best for you. Together we will develop a treatment plan that when implemented, will enable you to create success in any area of your life, and eliminate what is currently unhealthy or toxic. My main therapeutic approaches are with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Behavior Modification.
(949) 787-0624 View (949) 787-0624
Photo of Katherine Boelts, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katherine Boelts
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My clients are usually hard workers, and are very self critical. They expect so much out of themselves, and don't feel like they are ever enough. People pleasers that are frustrated they can't please everyone, are often tired and frustrated with where life is going compared to where they wish it was. They often have relationships that could be better, whether starting, maintaining, or ending. They are tired of struggling, they are ready to make a change, to be part of the solution. They want to have better control of their anxiety, emotions, anger, and also learn to be in the moment. I can help you get to where you want to be.
My clients are usually hard workers, and are very self critical. They expect so much out of themselves, and don't feel like they are ever enough. People pleasers that are frustrated they can't please everyone, are often tired and frustrated with where life is going compared to where they wish it was. They often have relationships that could be better, whether starting, maintaining, or ending. They are tired of struggling, they are ready to make a change, to be part of the solution. They want to have better control of their anxiety, emotions, anger, and also learn to be in the moment. I can help you get to where you want to be.
(949) 599-4152 View (949) 599-4152
Photo of Erica Anderson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erica Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Erica L. Anderson, LMFT. My approach to therapy is very open-minded and relaxed. I hope to provide a safe and comfortable environment for clients to work towards their most authentic self. I believe clients will get out of therapy what they are willing to put in it. And the therapist can help to provide a safe environment to be able to do the work. I am a very open-minded and have a relaxed style and approach to therapy.
Erica L. Anderson, LMFT. My approach to therapy is very open-minded and relaxed. I hope to provide a safe and comfortable environment for clients to work towards their most authentic self. I believe clients will get out of therapy what they are willing to put in it. And the therapist can help to provide a safe environment to be able to do the work. I am a very open-minded and have a relaxed style and approach to therapy.
(949) 806-6978 View (949) 806-6978
Photo of Ruqayyah Kian - Kian Mental Health, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kian Mental Health
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Viejo, CA 92691  (Online Only)
We understand that anxiety, depression and stress are at an all time high. We want to make therapy more accessible to those in need so we offer telehealth video sessions, through a secure site. We specialize in treating individuals and couples struggling with stress, relational issues, and anxiety. We place an emphasis on providing culturally competent and informed care.
We understand that anxiety, depression and stress are at an all time high. We want to make therapy more accessible to those in need so we offer telehealth video sessions, through a secure site. We specialize in treating individuals and couples struggling with stress, relational issues, and anxiety. We place an emphasis on providing culturally competent and informed care.
(424) 321-6482 View (424) 321-6482
Photo of Ashlee Williams, MA, APCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ashlee Williams
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, APCC
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691  (Online Only)
Therapy is challenging yet rewarding work and I am here to help my clients navigate their way through that that work. I am an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor specializing in trauma-informed care. I have experience working with teens and adults from all walks of life. I provide specialized care for military and their families, first responders, domestic violence victims, LGBTQIA+, and all trauma survivors. As a member of a military family, I am dedicated to working with this community on healing family dysfunction, stress and anger management, separation adjustment, and combat trauma.
Therapy is challenging yet rewarding work and I am here to help my clients navigate their way through that that work. I am an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor specializing in trauma-informed care. I have experience working with teens and adults from all walks of life. I provide specialized care for military and their families, first responders, domestic violence victims, LGBTQIA+, and all trauma survivors. As a member of a military family, I am dedicated to working with this community on healing family dysfunction, stress and anger management, separation adjustment, and combat trauma.
(949) 990-3367 View (949) 990-3367
Photo of Kate Baxter, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kate Baxter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
Emotions all over the place with yourself, family or your children? I work with all ages to help my clients as individuals to better understand themselves and build skills to improve functioning in their environment more constructively. I work within their reality to use real life examples that make sense to them and therefore applicable to their lives. Role-play, reenactments, visual aids, art, play therapy constructs, puppets, etc. are examples utilized with younger ages. Different modalities of talk therapy which allow the client to set specific goals of treatment at a pace that feels comfortable are utilized with adults.
Emotions all over the place with yourself, family or your children? I work with all ages to help my clients as individuals to better understand themselves and build skills to improve functioning in their environment more constructively. I work within their reality to use real life examples that make sense to them and therefore applicable to their lives. Role-play, reenactments, visual aids, art, play therapy constructs, puppets, etc. are examples utilized with younger ages. Different modalities of talk therapy which allow the client to set specific goals of treatment at a pace that feels comfortable are utilized with adults.
(949) 229-8027 View (949) 229-8027
Photo of Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, PsyD, QME, Author, Psychologist
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
I'm Dr. Dean Leav, licensed psychologist and qualified medical evaluator (QME). I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I provide Evaluation Services, including (and not limited to): diagnostics (ADHD, Autism, Learning Dis.), cognitive/neuropsychological evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME), immigration-related evaluations, pre-adoption psychological evaluations, parenting/bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, pre-employment evaluations, and legal/forensics/criminal evaluations. These evaluations may be used to meet eligibility for certain services or accommodations.
(424) 232-0955 View (424) 232-0955
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Mission Viejo, CA

400+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Mission Viejo, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
67% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
68% Cigna and Evernorth
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Mission Viejo, CA see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mission Viejo?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.