Photo of Veronica Calkins, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Veronica Calkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Marina Del Rey, CA 90292
A Licensed Psychotherapist specializing in trauma, crisis, grief, anxiety, depression, and relationships. Veronica provides an empathetic and caring environment to work through challenges without judgment. Veronica obtained her B.A. in Psychology with a minor in Applied Developmental Psychology and Master’s in Social Welfare at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). She is trained in CBT, DBT, and family and couples therapy. She is also certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and the administration of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Deep-Brain Theta Stimulation.
A Licensed Psychotherapist specializing in trauma, crisis, grief, anxiety, depression, and relationships. Veronica provides an empathetic and caring environment to work through challenges without judgment. Veronica obtained her B.A. in Psychology with a minor in Applied Developmental Psychology and Master’s in Social Welfare at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). She is trained in CBT, DBT, and family and couples therapy. She is also certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and the administration of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Deep-Brain Theta Stimulation.
(310) 905-5816 View (310) 905-5816
Photo of Dr. Vicki D. Coleman, EdD, LCPC, CCMHC, MAC/DAC, SAP/BCC
Dr. Vicki D. Coleman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, EdD, LCPC, CCMHC, MAC/DAC, SAP/BCC
Verified Verified
Marina Del Rey, CA 90292
Telehealth Offered! WHY ARE YOU SO ANGRY? In the 21st century global economy, Anger is a major challenge! Although a valid emotion, unmonitored, it can lead to stress, inappropriate behavior, and violence. A former Tenured Professor at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, I earned a Doctorate in Psychology from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Publications include books (Amazon Bestsellers), 9 chapters, and refereed journal articles. Anger is frequently the antecedent to a myriad of issues. My goal is to facilitate the identification of viable solutions. I have 6 Full Clinical Licenses in 5 Jurisdictions.
Telehealth Offered! WHY ARE YOU SO ANGRY? In the 21st century global economy, Anger is a major challenge! Although a valid emotion, unmonitored, it can lead to stress, inappropriate behavior, and violence. A former Tenured Professor at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, I earned a Doctorate in Psychology from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Publications include books (Amazon Bestsellers), 9 chapters, and refereed journal articles. Anger is frequently the antecedent to a myriad of issues. My goal is to facilitate the identification of viable solutions. I have 6 Full Clinical Licenses in 5 Jurisdictions.
(310) 591-8249 View (310) 591-8249

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Stephanie Drotman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Drotman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90210  (Online Only)
DBT Family Classes are also available to families and loved ones of those struggling with BPD, SUD, or Bipolar Disorder.
Is your daily life chaotic and distressing? Do you struggle to navigate friendships or romantic relationships? Are there days you feel like you just cannot stop your thoughts from spiraling out of control? I am an intensively trained DBT therapist specializing in Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Complex Trauma, Relationship / Attachment issues, and Addictive / Co-Occurring Disorders. I utilize a non-judgmental, person-centered, strengths-based approach, incorporating additional evidence-based modalities such as ACT, CBT, Prolonged Exposure, TF-CBT, and IFS to help you begin to build your life worth living.
DBT Family Classes are also available to families and loved ones of those struggling with BPD, SUD, or Bipolar Disorder.
Is your daily life chaotic and distressing? Do you struggle to navigate friendships or romantic relationships? Are there days you feel like you just cannot stop your thoughts from spiraling out of control? I am an intensively trained DBT therapist specializing in Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Complex Trauma, Relationship / Attachment issues, and Addictive / Co-Occurring Disorders. I utilize a non-judgmental, person-centered, strengths-based approach, incorporating additional evidence-based modalities such as ACT, CBT, Prolonged Exposure, TF-CBT, and IFS to help you begin to build your life worth living.
(424) 334-2290 View (424) 334-2290
Photo of Dr. Kelly A Williams, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Kelly A Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Welcome! I want you to know that engaging in counseling is not an admission of failure. On the contrary, it is a bold statement of growth and strength. I specialize in Borderline Personality Disorder, Couples and Marital Counseling, and Trauma. Most of my clients find me easy to talk to and appreciate my practical and relational approach to treatment. Call for a free consultation - ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. I accept Private Payors, Cigna, Blue Shield of California, Magellan, United Healthcare, and Optum Health Insurance.
Welcome! I want you to know that engaging in counseling is not an admission of failure. On the contrary, it is a bold statement of growth and strength. I specialize in Borderline Personality Disorder, Couples and Marital Counseling, and Trauma. Most of my clients find me easy to talk to and appreciate my practical and relational approach to treatment. Call for a free consultation - ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. I accept Private Payors, Cigna, Blue Shield of California, Magellan, United Healthcare, and Optum Health Insurance.
(818) 287-0456 View (818) 287-0456
Photo of Dr. Yamonte Cooper, EdD, LPCC, NCC, CST
Dr. Yamonte Cooper
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, EdD, LPCC, NCC, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
With 20+ years of counseling experience, I offer psychotherapy and sex therapy for adults and couples of diverse backgrounds dealing with relationship difficulties, sexual dysfunctions, gender & sexual identity, trauma, depression & anxiety, borderline personality, grief, and other mental health problems.
Are you desperate to feel love and connection in your relationship while feeling hopeless and alone? Do you feel anxious or sad? Maybe you want to strengthen your relationship? Do you want to have greater communication and understanding? Maybe your relationship needs a shift to create change and healing? Are you tired of suffering and being in pain? If so, I would like to collaborate and help you with your relationship or individually while empowering you to live your best life!
With 20+ years of counseling experience, I offer psychotherapy and sex therapy for adults and couples of diverse backgrounds dealing with relationship difficulties, sexual dysfunctions, gender & sexual identity, trauma, depression & anxiety, borderline personality, grief, and other mental health problems.
Are you desperate to feel love and connection in your relationship while feeling hopeless and alone? Do you feel anxious or sad? Maybe you want to strengthen your relationship? Do you want to have greater communication and understanding? Maybe your relationship needs a shift to create change and healing? Are you tired of suffering and being in pain? If so, I would like to collaborate and help you with your relationship or individually while empowering you to live your best life!
(310) 912-7610 View (310) 912-7610
Photo of Linda Fujino, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Linda Fujino
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025  (Online Only)
Whether you are looking to end an addiction, process complex trauma and shame, or overcome your self-limiting beliefs I am here to help. My extensive experience in the field, as well as my own personal work has led me to the understanding that there is a way out. I treat those with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, ADHD, grief/loss, children of addict/alcoholics, borderline personality, betrayal trauma, sex/porn addiction, and other issues. Through the therapeutic process I can help you to better understand what you have been through and how to overcome your current struggles to live your fullest, best life.
Whether you are looking to end an addiction, process complex trauma and shame, or overcome your self-limiting beliefs I am here to help. My extensive experience in the field, as well as my own personal work has led me to the understanding that there is a way out. I treat those with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, ADHD, grief/loss, children of addict/alcoholics, borderline personality, betrayal trauma, sex/porn addiction, and other issues. Through the therapeutic process I can help you to better understand what you have been through and how to overcome your current struggles to live your fullest, best life.
(310) 928-2382 View (310) 928-2382
Photo of Daniel-Ardeshir Ravanshenas, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Daniel-Ardeshir Ravanshenas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Venice, CA 90291
Affordable and accessible therapy is a necessity. I have two main concentrations to my practice: 1) I work with those interested in a confidential therapeutic setting to resolve complex psychological states and feelings (such as anxiety, depression, addiction, eating disorders, trauma, childhood, relationship difficulties, personal grief, fear, shame, worthlessness, and existential questions about meaning-in-life). 2) I work in a consultant capacity for individuals with prescribed short-term, career-minded professional goals (public speaking, presentations, social skills, deadlines, writer's block, and management strategies).
Affordable and accessible therapy is a necessity. I have two main concentrations to my practice: 1) I work with those interested in a confidential therapeutic setting to resolve complex psychological states and feelings (such as anxiety, depression, addiction, eating disorders, trauma, childhood, relationship difficulties, personal grief, fear, shame, worthlessness, and existential questions about meaning-in-life). 2) I work in a consultant capacity for individuals with prescribed short-term, career-minded professional goals (public speaking, presentations, social skills, deadlines, writer's block, and management strategies).
(424) 353-3211 View (424) 353-3211
Photo of Taylor Butler, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Taylor Butler
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90010
My vision is to partner with you on a journey towards crafting an authentic future—one that aligns with your deepest desires for yourself, your family, and your relationships. In therapy, I champion a collaborative and motivational approach, respecting your readiness to tackle each issue at your own pace. Whether you're ready to dive into the depths of your concerns or prefer to take things one step at a time, rest assured that I'll be here as a non-judgmental listener, committed to supporting you every step of the way. Let's embark on this empowering voyage together!
My vision is to partner with you on a journey towards crafting an authentic future—one that aligns with your deepest desires for yourself, your family, and your relationships. In therapy, I champion a collaborative and motivational approach, respecting your readiness to tackle each issue at your own pace. Whether you're ready to dive into the depths of your concerns or prefer to take things one step at a time, rest assured that I'll be here as a non-judgmental listener, committed to supporting you every step of the way. Let's embark on this empowering voyage together!
(714) 462-1856 View (714) 462-1856
Photo of Raymond F Bakaitis, Psychologist
Raymond F Bakaitis
Psychologist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Beverly Hills, CA 90212  (Online Only)
I work mostly with relationship and sexual problems; mood disorders; and work problems. People's needs in psychotherapy differ. Some people need a safe place to explore their inner life. Others need direct advice. Most people need both and I try to provide both. People do well when they understand their current problems in relation to both their personality and the arc of their life - past, present, and where they can head. It also helps to understand the roles we take in our lives, wanted or unwanted, consciously and unconsciously, in response to social dynamics of race, gender and sexual preferences.
I work mostly with relationship and sexual problems; mood disorders; and work problems. People's needs in psychotherapy differ. Some people need a safe place to explore their inner life. Others need direct advice. Most people need both and I try to provide both. People do well when they understand their current problems in relation to both their personality and the arc of their life - past, present, and where they can head. It also helps to understand the roles we take in our lives, wanted or unwanted, consciously and unconsciously, in response to social dynamics of race, gender and sexual preferences.
(310) 256-2753 View (310) 256-2753
Photo of Rooha Rowhani, PsyD, Psychologist
Rooha Rowhani
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90034  (Online Only)
People reach out to me seeking support and clarity for inner turmoil, emotional distress, and relationship issues. In our work together we’ll address factors that are hindering you and contributing to your symptoms. My approach is collaborative as I guide you through building insight and applying that awareness to make changes. This helps you gain control over your life and experience your story becoming a source of strength and transformation. My international training and work experience has deepened my appreciation for the diversity of humanity and enriched my ability to understand and connect with your unique journey.
People reach out to me seeking support and clarity for inner turmoil, emotional distress, and relationship issues. In our work together we’ll address factors that are hindering you and contributing to your symptoms. My approach is collaborative as I guide you through building insight and applying that awareness to make changes. This helps you gain control over your life and experience your story becoming a source of strength and transformation. My international training and work experience has deepened my appreciation for the diversity of humanity and enriched my ability to understand and connect with your unique journey.
(424) 304-0516 View (424) 304-0516
Photo of Rachelle Surmani, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Rachelle Surmani
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069
When was the last time you felt like someone genuinely heard you? Are your experiences often dismissed because someone else has it worse? Without the proper tools or support, many people learn to deal with their traumas and intergenerational/inherited self-limiting beliefs by seeking out substances and compulsive behaviors. Separated by stigma, trauma and addictive behaviors can make people feel isolated and like they are just going through the motions, living life on autopilot. But you don’t have to walk your path alone.
When was the last time you felt like someone genuinely heard you? Are your experiences often dismissed because someone else has it worse? Without the proper tools or support, many people learn to deal with their traumas and intergenerational/inherited self-limiting beliefs by seeking out substances and compulsive behaviors. Separated by stigma, trauma and addictive behaviors can make people feel isolated and like they are just going through the motions, living life on autopilot. But you don’t have to walk your path alone.
View
Photo of Rafael Morales - Intrapsyc - Online Psychotherapy & Life Coaching, MS, MA, MHRS, MHT
Intrapsyc - Online Psychotherapy & Life Coaching
MS, MA, MHRS, MHT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90010
We use to have hard times whenever faced by difficulties that challenge our ego. Most of the time, we tend to avoid coping with these challenges, or we do deal with them in destructive ways, mainly because of not having learned more assertive functional ways to take care of ourselves, relationships and circumstances in life. My approach is focused on promoting your insight about why you think, feel and react the ways you do, supporting you to take advantage of your own potentials, improve skills and guiding you on taking good care of your core needs and expectations.
We use to have hard times whenever faced by difficulties that challenge our ego. Most of the time, we tend to avoid coping with these challenges, or we do deal with them in destructive ways, mainly because of not having learned more assertive functional ways to take care of ourselves, relationships and circumstances in life. My approach is focused on promoting your insight about why you think, feel and react the ways you do, supporting you to take advantage of your own potentials, improve skills and guiding you on taking good care of your core needs and expectations.
(415) 742-2894 View (415) 742-2894
Photo of Brittany Couture, PsyD, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Brittany Couture
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, PsyD, AMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Monica, CA 90403  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Dr. Brittany Couture. In my virtual therapy practice I welcome individuals and couples with sensitivity to diverse backgrounds and identities as well as all kinds of relationships. I am passionate about working with patients who struggle with anxiety, depression, relationships, motherhood, life transitions and those who are suffering from inner conflicts and/or life stressors. I specialize in anxiety and relationship counseling. I can help you create strong and healthy relationships and develop emotional connections.
Hi, I’m Dr. Brittany Couture. In my virtual therapy practice I welcome individuals and couples with sensitivity to diverse backgrounds and identities as well as all kinds of relationships. I am passionate about working with patients who struggle with anxiety, depression, relationships, motherhood, life transitions and those who are suffering from inner conflicts and/or life stressors. I specialize in anxiety and relationship counseling. I can help you create strong and healthy relationships and develop emotional connections.
(424) 239-1783 View (424) 239-1783
Photo of Vicki Underwood, LCSW, CCM, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vicki Underwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
We all struggle at times and our struggles are our own, do not compare what may feel catastrophic to you to what others are dealing with. I have been practicing for 12 years and revolve my practice around person-centered therapy; non-judgment, genuineness & positive regard. I will accept you for who you are and we will start where you are. My goal is to help you reach your goals. I find that humor, compassion, and authenticity allow my clients to feel comfortable and progress at the same time. Since 2010, I have provided intensive therapy at institutional, residential, and outpatient levels of care for adults and adolescents.
We all struggle at times and our struggles are our own, do not compare what may feel catastrophic to you to what others are dealing with. I have been practicing for 12 years and revolve my practice around person-centered therapy; non-judgment, genuineness & positive regard. I will accept you for who you are and we will start where you are. My goal is to help you reach your goals. I find that humor, compassion, and authenticity allow my clients to feel comfortable and progress at the same time. Since 2010, I have provided intensive therapy at institutional, residential, and outpatient levels of care for adults and adolescents.
(661) 215-6319 View (661) 215-6319
Photo of Brianna Shaul, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Brianna Shaul
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I specialize in a collaborative therapeutic approach, tailoring treatment methods to the individual interests and needs of each client. I integrate CBT, Mindfulness, person-centered, existential, solution-focused, and somatic movement modalities to address a wide range of client needs, from depression, spiritual awakenings, and parenting concerns to holistic living. I honor your vulnerability and openness in this process and hold the space for possibility, purpose, peace and joy in your life.
I specialize in a collaborative therapeutic approach, tailoring treatment methods to the individual interests and needs of each client. I integrate CBT, Mindfulness, person-centered, existential, solution-focused, and somatic movement modalities to address a wide range of client needs, from depression, spiritual awakenings, and parenting concerns to holistic living. I honor your vulnerability and openness in this process and hold the space for possibility, purpose, peace and joy in your life.
(747) 281-4533 View (747) 281-4533
Photo of Melissa Richman - Melissa A. Richman, PsyD, LCSW, PsyD, LCSW, DAPA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa A. Richman, PsyD, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW, DAPA
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90035
Nurturing, nonjudgmental understanding, respect and honesty are at the heart of the therapeutic relationship I hope to develop with you. I believe that these deepest principles are the root of healing and recovery. The therapeutic relationship is where and how this takes place. When we address it in the here and now, then it most often generalizes to the present and future of your life. The foundation of my private practice lies in fostering this experience.
Nurturing, nonjudgmental understanding, respect and honesty are at the heart of the therapeutic relationship I hope to develop with you. I believe that these deepest principles are the root of healing and recovery. The therapeutic relationship is where and how this takes place. When we address it in the here and now, then it most often generalizes to the present and future of your life. The foundation of my private practice lies in fostering this experience.
(424) 254-0339 View (424) 254-0339
Photo of Jacqueline Valdovinos, LMFT , Marriage & Family Therapist
Jacqueline Valdovinos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Gardena, CA 90249
My ideal client would be someone who is going through a life transition. My client would want to learn exercises to become a stong and independent individual.
My ideal client would be someone who is going through a life transition. My client would want to learn exercises to become a stong and independent individual.
(213) 528-3953 View (213) 528-3953
Photo of Oliver Drakeford, MA, LMFT, CGP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Oliver Drakeford
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CGP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
West Hollywood, CA 90069
Located in the heart of West Hollywood, CA 90069, I love to implement the same skills I used as Clinical Director of a residential center to help facilitate change and relationship dynamics. Schedule a free consultation call with me on my website to talk more. My approach helps clients understand & modify dysfunctional patterns that hinder connection and closeness. Whether I am working with couples, families or individual clients, my approach aims to bring about improvements in your relationships which in turn helps symptoms such as conflict, depression and anxiety, and to improve creativity & productivity.
Located in the heart of West Hollywood, CA 90069, I love to implement the same skills I used as Clinical Director of a residential center to help facilitate change and relationship dynamics. Schedule a free consultation call with me on my website to talk more. My approach helps clients understand & modify dysfunctional patterns that hinder connection and closeness. Whether I am working with couples, families or individual clients, my approach aims to bring about improvements in your relationships which in turn helps symptoms such as conflict, depression and anxiety, and to improve creativity & productivity.
(262) 290-2593 View (262) 290-2593
Photo of Monica Marie Huston - Irvine Family Counseling, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Irvine Family Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Hello! Welcome to Irvine Family Counseling, a trusted home for the mental wellness and spiritual flourishing of individuals, couples and families. As a top-rated center for personal growth and transformation, we make it our priority to provide the most innovative, comprehensive and effective treatment available on the market. We collect the best practices from a variety of approaches and use our unique skill-sets to help you achieve a positive treatment outcome. Inspired by our own journey’s of personal success with mental wellness, we want you to experience the same joy and more.
Hello! Welcome to Irvine Family Counseling, a trusted home for the mental wellness and spiritual flourishing of individuals, couples and families. As a top-rated center for personal growth and transformation, we make it our priority to provide the most innovative, comprehensive and effective treatment available on the market. We collect the best practices from a variety of approaches and use our unique skill-sets to help you achieve a positive treatment outcome. Inspired by our own journey’s of personal success with mental wellness, we want you to experience the same joy and more.
(949) 691-3237 View (949) 691-3237
Photo of Wyatt Darling, Marriage & Family Therapist
Wyatt Darling
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
Previously employed at SpaceX as their in-house psychotherapist, I provide step-by-step guidance on how to stop wasting valuable time and energy on things you cannot control. Through the latest neuroscience research, I extend knowledge and concrete exercises that build healthy and resilient neuropathways. I tailor each session to practice how to be present to each new experience, instead of holding onto the past and focusing too much on the future. I create a comforting space for deep introspection and self awareness for you to reinvent yourself for ultimate success in all areas of life.
Previously employed at SpaceX as their in-house psychotherapist, I provide step-by-step guidance on how to stop wasting valuable time and energy on things you cannot control. Through the latest neuroscience research, I extend knowledge and concrete exercises that build healthy and resilient neuropathways. I tailor each session to practice how to be present to each new experience, instead of holding onto the past and focusing too much on the future. I create a comforting space for deep introspection and self awareness for you to reinvent yourself for ultimate success in all areas of life.
(323) 498-2915 View (323) 498-2915

See more therapy options for Marina Del Rey

Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists

What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.

What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?

Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.

What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?

DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.

What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?

The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.