Brainspotting Therapists in La Jolla, CA
![Photo of Jennie Carlestav, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3fb60a54-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I provide evidence brain-based EMDR & Brainspotting to support the mental health & treatment of sports performance problems caused by significant negative experiences or injury. Those experiences can lead to performance problems commonly known as a slump, a block, and yips, which then can lead to Lost Move Syndrome (LMS). By reprocessing how the brain digested the significant negative memory, we can reset the brain and nervous system to return the Athlete to peak performance. Peak Performance also helps to “install” positive programming for future tasks, challenges, and high stakes events.
I provide evidence brain-based EMDR & Brainspotting to support the mental health & treatment of sports performance problems caused by significant negative experiences or injury. Those experiences can lead to performance problems commonly known as a slump, a block, and yips, which then can lead to Lost Move Syndrome (LMS). By reprocessing how the brain digested the significant negative memory, we can reset the brain and nervous system to return the Athlete to peak performance. Peak Performance also helps to “install” positive programming for future tasks, challenges, and high stakes events.
![Photo of Camesha Harper, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0f05bb60-10bd-415f-b8a5-18a1c28e9f9d/1/320x400.jpeg)
Camesha Harper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
I am trained in Brainspotting, EMDR ( Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing), CBT, TF-CBT (Trauma Focused), Mindfulness, and Stress Management Strategies.
Welcome, I am so glad that you are here! Do you struggle with self-doubt, low self-esteem, low motivation to complete tasks, or find it difficult to make decisions? Are you struggling to get a good night's sleep or do your thoughts keep you awake? Are you at a crossroads in life and want to understand the path ahead of you? Together we will develop strategies of coping in an emotionally safe and positive space and will begin to understand the why- Why I am overwhelmed. Why do I feel the way that I feel? Why do I continue to repeat the same cycles?
I am trained in Brainspotting, EMDR ( Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing), CBT, TF-CBT (Trauma Focused), Mindfulness, and Stress Management Strategies.
Welcome, I am so glad that you are here! Do you struggle with self-doubt, low self-esteem, low motivation to complete tasks, or find it difficult to make decisions? Are you struggling to get a good night's sleep or do your thoughts keep you awake? Are you at a crossroads in life and want to understand the path ahead of you? Together we will develop strategies of coping in an emotionally safe and positive space and will begin to understand the why- Why I am overwhelmed. Why do I feel the way that I feel? Why do I continue to repeat the same cycles?
![Photo of Harmony Rousseau, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/21d59463-f3fe-4a23-9d92-2a88c911a9e2/3/320x400.jpeg)
Harmony Rousseau
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
To assist my clients in processing their traumas and accessing their strengths, I use a variety of modalities including EMDR, Brainspotting, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, and Pia Melody’s Post Induction Therapy (PIT) model.
I am a strength-based Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist—one who believes we each have the inner resources we need to be successful and happy in our lives. During our life journeys, many of us may need assistance with finding and/or highlighting our inner strengths so we can breakthrough our struggles, whether they be past traumas, family patterns/dynamics, relationship/attachment issues or a simple and current need for change. My hope is to help my clients build on their strengths, pinpoint their patterns, rewrite their stories, and find their way back to the positive aspects of life they deserve to experience.
To assist my clients in processing their traumas and accessing their strengths, I use a variety of modalities including EMDR, Brainspotting, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, and Pia Melody’s Post Induction Therapy (PIT) model.
I am a strength-based Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist—one who believes we each have the inner resources we need to be successful and happy in our lives. During our life journeys, many of us may need assistance with finding and/or highlighting our inner strengths so we can breakthrough our struggles, whether they be past traumas, family patterns/dynamics, relationship/attachment issues or a simple and current need for change. My hope is to help my clients build on their strengths, pinpoint their patterns, rewrite their stories, and find their way back to the positive aspects of life they deserve to experience.
![Photo of Dr. Hedieh Azadmehr, PhD, SEP, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/19d3d476-93c6-459c-900e-0d4ce898f273/3/320x400.jpeg)
I am trained in Brainspotting and in training for Somatic Experiencing.
Do traumas from the past hold you back? Are you stuck in addiction and tired of stigmas and judgments? Every time you tried to change, the intrusive negative thoughts and anxiety overwhelm you. it's so scary to think about sharing your secrets with a stranger. I understand how traumatic past experience sets a limit on individuals ability to deal with stress, where the drugs become the solution and how the two are connected. Whether you are struggling with addition, rejection or loss, abuse or trauma, I am here to help. I integrate various therapeutic modalities to tailor treatment based on every individual's unique needs.
I am trained in Brainspotting and in training for Somatic Experiencing.
Do traumas from the past hold you back? Are you stuck in addiction and tired of stigmas and judgments? Every time you tried to change, the intrusive negative thoughts and anxiety overwhelm you. it's so scary to think about sharing your secrets with a stranger. I understand how traumatic past experience sets a limit on individuals ability to deal with stress, where the drugs become the solution and how the two are connected. Whether you are struggling with addition, rejection or loss, abuse or trauma, I am here to help. I integrate various therapeutic modalities to tailor treatment based on every individual's unique needs.
![Photo of Andrea Andes, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5a33b7c7-4d03-4cb0-ad41-4ced8b2bb74d/1/320x400.jpeg)
I also blend into our work Brainspotting, dream analysis, meditation, breath work, mind/body awareness, active imagination, art, play, and sand tray therapies.
Being human isn't always easy, and when life gets complicated and becomes challenging, therapy can help offer tools to navigate through a crisis while providing you a deeper exploration of yourself. Problems in relationships often come from old ways of coping that served you in the past, but now may be keeping you from feeling fulfilled and satisfied with your life. I believe our most challenging times can also be our greatest opportunity for change. Healing is possible, and therapy is a journey towards self-discovery where you get to explore the landscape of your own mind.
I also blend into our work Brainspotting, dream analysis, meditation, breath work, mind/body awareness, active imagination, art, play, and sand tray therapies.
Being human isn't always easy, and when life gets complicated and becomes challenging, therapy can help offer tools to navigate through a crisis while providing you a deeper exploration of yourself. Problems in relationships often come from old ways of coping that served you in the past, but now may be keeping you from feeling fulfilled and satisfied with your life. I believe our most challenging times can also be our greatest opportunity for change. Healing is possible, and therapy is a journey towards self-discovery where you get to explore the landscape of your own mind.
![Photo of Victoria Johnk, MA, LMFT, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ab45d943-fad4-4001-a6f6-9607cbef2525/1/320x400.jpeg)
Now Accepting New Clients! I am a highly skilled therapist with a strong focus on trauma therapy, substance abuse, and mental health. My approach encompasses a wide range of effective modalities, including EMDR, Brainspotting, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Attachment Theory. I am committed to guiding you through your life journey, helping you discover inner strength and resilience even during the most challenging times.
Now Accepting New Clients! I am a highly skilled therapist with a strong focus on trauma therapy, substance abuse, and mental health. My approach encompasses a wide range of effective modalities, including EMDR, Brainspotting, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Attachment Theory. I am committed to guiding you through your life journey, helping you discover inner strength and resilience even during the most challenging times.
![Photo of Shayda Ewalt, MA, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3829e20e-4631-4a34-9a50-09587cdc889c/2/320x400.jpeg)
Shayda Ewalt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
I am a trauma-informed therapist certified in EMDR and Brainspotting therapy.
Have you tried talk therapy and still feel stuck or overwhelmed? Talk therapy can be helpful however there are other evidenced based therapies, such as EMDR, that can transform your life with lasting results that relieve you from the pain that you are experiencing by focusing on brain-body connection. I treat adults 18+ who struggle with PTSD, childhood trauma, depression, feelings of hopelessness, fear of abandonment, anxiety, panic attacks, relationship issues, and more. I use a holistic, integrative approach to focus on the whole-person and address mind, body, spirit, as they are all inter-connected.
I am a trauma-informed therapist certified in EMDR and Brainspotting therapy.
Have you tried talk therapy and still feel stuck or overwhelmed? Talk therapy can be helpful however there are other evidenced based therapies, such as EMDR, that can transform your life with lasting results that relieve you from the pain that you are experiencing by focusing on brain-body connection. I treat adults 18+ who struggle with PTSD, childhood trauma, depression, feelings of hopelessness, fear of abandonment, anxiety, panic attacks, relationship issues, and more. I use a holistic, integrative approach to focus on the whole-person and address mind, body, spirit, as they are all inter-connected.
![Photo of Crystal Le, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6fba543f-6f67-4f54-9640-2cb2ce591ce4/3/320x400.jpeg)
Brainspotting has mended countless traumatic reactions, interpersonal relationships and most importantly, relationship with self.
The mind and body stores all experiences—good and bad; the bad causes pain, unhealthy habits, and keeps us from our potential—our True Nature. GREAT NEWS—we are also extremely resilient and self-healing when we learn to activate these qualities. At True Nature, I take pride in helping people like you, improve their quality of life through Brainspotting, a natural and revolutionary modality to activate self-healing and release traumatic pain.
Brainspotting has mended countless traumatic reactions, interpersonal relationships and most importantly, relationship with self.
The mind and body stores all experiences—good and bad; the bad causes pain, unhealthy habits, and keeps us from our potential—our True Nature. GREAT NEWS—we are also extremely resilient and self-healing when we learn to activate these qualities. At True Nature, I take pride in helping people like you, improve their quality of life through Brainspotting, a natural and revolutionary modality to activate self-healing and release traumatic pain.
![Photo of Janice Graham, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/224c8491-3f4a-4ee9-b9b9-d9c10c7b181f/5/320x400.png)
You can find relief and discover more joy working collaboratively in a supportive and interactive approach. If you are looking for a therapist with extensive experience working with couples and individuals dealing with anxiety depression and stress reach out. If you’re struggling with relationships issues you can learn to communicate more effectively and assess what issues are creating the problems or blocks. My approach is based on a combination of extensive experience and an effective combination of psychology approaches and mindfulness for lasting change. I use brain spotting to help heal the distress and suffering
You can find relief and discover more joy working collaboratively in a supportive and interactive approach. If you are looking for a therapist with extensive experience working with couples and individuals dealing with anxiety depression and stress reach out. If you’re struggling with relationships issues you can learn to communicate more effectively and assess what issues are creating the problems or blocks. My approach is based on a combination of extensive experience and an effective combination of psychology approaches and mindfulness for lasting change. I use brain spotting to help heal the distress and suffering
![Photo of Ross Phillips, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4bd627ba-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Authentic communication and connection nourishes our essence. Being in tune with our deeper self helps us stay centered, feeling sure and confident of who we are. At times our head may spin from anxiety-provoking events or situations. We can learn to cope and self-regulate by getting in touch with our self in different ways. Nourishing our essence gives us a solid sense of self-worth, helping us feel safe and secure in the universe allowing us to take ownership of our journey through life, whether dealing with addiction, depression, anxiety, or relationships we can learn to live in the solution.
Authentic communication and connection nourishes our essence. Being in tune with our deeper self helps us stay centered, feeling sure and confident of who we are. At times our head may spin from anxiety-provoking events or situations. We can learn to cope and self-regulate by getting in touch with our self in different ways. Nourishing our essence gives us a solid sense of self-worth, helping us feel safe and secure in the universe allowing us to take ownership of our journey through life, whether dealing with addiction, depression, anxiety, or relationships we can learn to live in the solution.
![Photo of Marni Goldberg - Mindful Matters Counseling, Marni Goldberg, EdS, MA, LMFT, LPCC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/45e85898-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Mindful Matters Counseling, Marni Goldberg
Counselor, EdS, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92037
Are you ready to finally feel in control of your life? I know how hard it can be to take the first step in finding a therapist who is a good fit for you, but you deserve happiness! Anxiety and stress can get in the way of having a happy and fulfilling life. If you or your teen/young adult are struggling with thoughts, feelings, or relationships, we can work together to look at what has been bothering you and figure out how to make changes that can benefit all aspects of your life. Receiving nonjudgemental support and some new skills may be the answer! Special focus on Highly Sensitive People. Telehealth sessions only at this time.
Are you ready to finally feel in control of your life? I know how hard it can be to take the first step in finding a therapist who is a good fit for you, but you deserve happiness! Anxiety and stress can get in the way of having a happy and fulfilling life. If you or your teen/young adult are struggling with thoughts, feelings, or relationships, we can work together to look at what has been bothering you and figure out how to make changes that can benefit all aspects of your life. Receiving nonjudgemental support and some new skills may be the answer! Special focus on Highly Sensitive People. Telehealth sessions only at this time.
15 Second Videos
Victoria Johnk
Ross Phillips
Mindful Matters Counseling, Marni Goldberg
Kristine Jackson
Nancy Le
Penelope 'nel' Mercer
Jessie Dineen
![Photo of Ashley Carney, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d820053b-fbdf-454d-83af-492c8684ecf4/1/320x400.jpeg)
Ashley Carney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
I love therapy and feel honored and privileged to do this work. As a mother of two young children, I enjoy working with parents on the simultaneous discovery of childhood attachment patterns and the impact on current relationships. I also have extensive experience working with the LGBTIQ+ community and ENM folks. All are welcome here.
I love therapy and feel honored and privileged to do this work. As a mother of two young children, I enjoy working with parents on the simultaneous discovery of childhood attachment patterns and the impact on current relationships. I also have extensive experience working with the LGBTIQ+ community and ENM folks. All are welcome here.
![Photo of Kristine Jackson, LCSW, CETI, CEDS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c88458e4-931c-4d8f-ba15-1bd725daba39/2/320x400.jpeg)
Kristine Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CETI, CEDS
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
I remember going to my first therapist, and thinking “I have to go back to places I’ve already survived?” You do not have to go backwards, though sometimes we have to feel to heal. With over 30 years of experience, I compassionately help guide you experientially, so you can access somatic and emotional wisdom.
I remember going to my first therapist, and thinking “I have to go back to places I’ve already survived?” You do not have to go backwards, though sometimes we have to feel to heal. With over 30 years of experience, I compassionately help guide you experientially, so you can access somatic and emotional wisdom.
![Photo of Nancy Le, LMFT, EdD, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c58ef7de-0591-4ca2-961a-6781a9a02bdf/1/320x400.jpeg)
Life can get complicated and there is no handbook on how to handle things like depression, anxiety, addiction and relationship problems. It is important to know two things: 1. you are not alone, 2. challenges are always opportunities to grow and change your life. You are probably here because it's time to "do something different." Let us help guide you through this journey!
Life can get complicated and there is no handbook on how to handle things like depression, anxiety, addiction and relationship problems. It is important to know two things: 1. you are not alone, 2. challenges are always opportunities to grow and change your life. You are probably here because it's time to "do something different." Let us help guide you through this journey!
![Photo of Jennifer Rehor - Affirming Therapy Center, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9142d648-8c0a-4bf5-9208-77a7d11a9f69/1/320x400.jpeg)
Affirming Therapy Center
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92037
The core value of Affirming Therapy Center (ATC) is in our name. “Affirming” is both the nature and the goal of ATC’s work as a dedicated resource supporting Gender, Sexual, and Relationship Diversity (GSRD) in California. This core value is embodied by providing you with professional, open-minded care in a space that acknowledges and celebrates your unique personhood and distinct challenges. You are welcome and valued here.
The core value of Affirming Therapy Center (ATC) is in our name. “Affirming” is both the nature and the goal of ATC’s work as a dedicated resource supporting Gender, Sexual, and Relationship Diversity (GSRD) in California. This core value is embodied by providing you with professional, open-minded care in a space that acknowledges and celebrates your unique personhood and distinct challenges. You are welcome and valued here.
![Photo of Penelope 'nel' Mercer, LMFT, MS, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/605187cf-6195-4186-b166-ae98bc1e063b/5/320x400.jpeg)
Penelope 'nel' Mercer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS, MA
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Are you feeling stuck? Would you like to understand yourself better? One-on-one therapy can help you move through challenging experiences and explore feelings, preferences, and behaviors, in a safe, confidential, supportive environment. If you are struggling in your relationship(s), relational therapy can help you adapt to transitions, foster clear and supportive communication, and meet underlying relational needs. Therapy can also build on individual, couple, and family strengths, and encourage healthy growth through challenges and transitions.
Are you feeling stuck? Would you like to understand yourself better? One-on-one therapy can help you move through challenging experiences and explore feelings, preferences, and behaviors, in a safe, confidential, supportive environment. If you are struggling in your relationship(s), relational therapy can help you adapt to transitions, foster clear and supportive communication, and meet underlying relational needs. Therapy can also build on individual, couple, and family strengths, and encourage healthy growth through challenges and transitions.
![Photo of Rebecca Kahn - Saguaro Family Counseling, Inc., LMFT, PMH-C, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0cab0625-8ebd-40cb-83f5-6fe104457046/2/320x400.jpeg)
Saguaro Family Counseling, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
Adulting is already hard enough; throw in infertility, postpartum depression/anxiety, pregnancy following loss (heIlo, anxiety!), loss/grief/bereavement, trauma, relationship/communication issues, boundaries and family conflict and now you've got discomfort, unpleasant feelings, disconnection and stress. While we may not be able to change all of the obstacles in your life, we can work collaboratively to adjust expectations, reinforce coping skills, strengthen resilience, improve communication skills, set boundaries, process trauma and elicit clarity and direction. (We are a boutique group Telehealth practice- warm & fuzzy).
Adulting is already hard enough; throw in infertility, postpartum depression/anxiety, pregnancy following loss (heIlo, anxiety!), loss/grief/bereavement, trauma, relationship/communication issues, boundaries and family conflict and now you've got discomfort, unpleasant feelings, disconnection and stress. While we may not be able to change all of the obstacles in your life, we can work collaboratively to adjust expectations, reinforce coping skills, strengthen resilience, improve communication skills, set boundaries, process trauma and elicit clarity and direction. (We are a boutique group Telehealth practice- warm & fuzzy).
![Photo of Jessie Dineen, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/dc396614-91ac-488a-b6f9-63b0c475119a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Jessie Dineen
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92093
Life can get complicated and there is no handbook on how to handle things like depression, anxiety, addiction and relationship problems. It is important to know two things: 1. you are not alone, 2. challenges are always opportunities to grow and change your life. You are probably here because it's time to "do something different." Let us help guide you through this journey!
Life can get complicated and there is no handbook on how to handle things like depression, anxiety, addiction and relationship problems. It is important to know two things: 1. you are not alone, 2. challenges are always opportunities to grow and change your life. You are probably here because it's time to "do something different." Let us help guide you through this journey!
![Photo of Nina Akin, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3b928aec-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/5/320x400.jpeg)
Nina Akin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Struggling with life transitions, addiction, depression, anxiety, hoarding or PTSD? With over 25 years experience helping people find their way to wellness-- my goal is to help you identify and solve the problems that are holding you back. Quality therapy is an option that can make all the difference. I'd like to help you sort things out.
Struggling with life transitions, addiction, depression, anxiety, hoarding or PTSD? With over 25 years experience helping people find their way to wellness-- my goal is to help you identify and solve the problems that are holding you back. Quality therapy is an option that can make all the difference. I'd like to help you sort things out.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Lodovica Guidarelli, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f01ff5e1-f528-4cd8-a0ec-e57d1cf8ec0a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Lodovica Guidarelli
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92192 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I integrate somatic/body-based approaches (EMDR, IFS, Brainspotting, Mindfulness) with strength-based and client-centered ones.
Do you feel constrained by the demands of your problem? Is it affecting your relationships, your profession, or your overall satisfaction with life? You hold the power to bring the change you seek. I work collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families on a wide variety of issues, including relationship issues, anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting, academic/work-related stress, identity development, acculturation, couple and family dynamics.
I integrate somatic/body-based approaches (EMDR, IFS, Brainspotting, Mindfulness) with strength-based and client-centered ones.
Do you feel constrained by the demands of your problem? Is it affecting your relationships, your profession, or your overall satisfaction with life? You hold the power to bring the change you seek. I work collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families on a wide variety of issues, including relationship issues, anxiety, depression, PTSD, parenting, academic/work-related stress, identity development, acculturation, couple and family dynamics.
See more therapy options for La Jolla
Nearby Brainspotting Therapists Searches for La Jolla
- Carlsbad
- Chula Vista
- Del Mar
- Encinitas
- Escondido
- La Mesa
- Oceanside
- San Diego
- San Marcos
- Solana Beach
- Temecula
- Vista
Brainspotting Therapists
How does brainspotting work?
Brainspotting works by using eye positioning to identify and process traumatic memories so that a client is better able to move forward and live with less fear. The theory behind brainspotting is that by identifying where a person looks when thinking of traumatic memories, a therapist will be able to guide them to focus on that spot and work with the client to get them out of the “fight, flight, freeze” response associated with the traumatic memory.
Is brainspotting an evidence-based therapy?
Brainspotting is a theory-based alternative therapy. It is one of the newest forms of treatment, so very little research has been completed that examines the mechanism by which it works. The theory behind brainspotting is that eye position can be linked to areas of the brain that store and process memory.
How effective is brainspotting?
Because it is such a new treatment, the effectiveness of brainspotting cannot be quantified. Some people have found it to be effective on its own, or in conjunction with other types of therapy. It is considered an alternative therapy, and it is popular with people for whom more traditional therapies have proven ineffective.
How long does brainspotting take to work?
A typical brainspotting session will last between 60 to 90 minutes. There is no required number of sessions needed to complete brainspotting therapy, but in many cases it is delivered over the course of about six sessions. Clients are encouraged to rate their level of distress prior to a session and again following a session, and to track progress.